Piedmont Realty Trust, Inc.

4. Derivative Instruments

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

In addition to operational risks which arise in the normal course of business, Piedmont is exposed to economic risks such as interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk. In certain situations, Piedmont has entered into derivative financial instruments, specifically interest rate swap agreements, to manage interest rate risk exposure arising from current or future variable rate debt transactions. Interest rate swap agreements involve the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Piedmont’s objective in using interest rate derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements.

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for Piedmont making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Piedmont terminated eight interest rate swap agreements associated with the $250 Million Unsecured 2018 Term Loan in conjunction with paying off the loan. Additionally, Piedmont entered intoone new interest rate swap agreement to fully hedge the risk of changes in the interest-related cash flows associated with the additional $125 million of principal resulting from the upsized $325 Million Unsecured 2024 Term Loan (see Note 3 above) through February 1, 2026. All of Piedmont's interest rate swap agreements are designated as effective cash flow hedges and are designated using SOFR. The maximum length of time over which Piedmont is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions is 10 months.

A detail of Piedmont’s interest rate derivatives outstanding as of March 31, 2025 is as follows:

Piedmont presents its interest rate derivatives on its consolidated balance sheets on a gross basis as interest rate swap assets and interest rate swap liabilities. A detail of Piedmont’s interest rate derivatives on a gross and net basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, is as follows (in thousands):

The gain/(loss) on Piedmont's interest rate derivatives, including previously settled forward swaps, that was recorded in OCI and the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as a component of interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, is as follows (in thousands):

Piedmont estimates that approximately $2.5 million will be reclassified from OCI as an increase in interest expense over the next twelve months. Additionally, see Note 5 for fair value disclosures of Piedmont's derivative instruments.

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

Piedmont has agreements with its derivative counterparties that contain a provision whereby if Piedmont defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then Piedmont could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. If Piedmont were to breach any of the contractual provisions of the derivative contracts, it could be required to settle its liability obligations under the agreements at their termination value of the estimated fair values plus accrued interest, or approximately $0.3 million as of March 31, 2025. Additionally, Piedmont has rights of set-off under certain of its derivative agreements related to potential termination fees and amounts payable under the agreements, if a termination were to occur.

5. Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments

Piedmont considers its cash and cash equivalents, tenant receivables, restricted cash and escrows, accounts payable and accrued expenses, interest rate swap agreements, and debt to meet the definition of financial instruments. The following table sets forth the carrying and estimated fair value for each of Piedmont’s financial instruments, as well as its level within the GAAP fair value hierarchy, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively (in thousands):

(1)For the periods presented, the carrying value of these financial instruments approximates estimated fair value due to their short-term maturity.

Piedmont's debt was carried at book value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024; however, Piedmont's estimate of its fair value is disclosed in the table above. Piedmont uses widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis based on the contractual terms of the debt facilities, including the period to maturity of each instrument, and uses observable market-based inputs for similar debt facilities which have transacted recently in the market. Therefore, the estimated fair values determined are considered to be based on significant other observable inputs (Level 2). Scaling adjustments are made to these inputs to make them applicable to the remaining life of Piedmont's outstanding debt. Piedmont has not changed its valuation technique for estimating the fair value of its debt.

Piedmont’s interest rate swap agreements presented above, and as further discussed in Note 4, are classified as “Interest rate swaps” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and were carried at estimated fair value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The valuation of these derivative instruments was determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis based on the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity of each instrument, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. Therefore, the estimated fair values determined are considered to be based on significant other observable inputs (Level 2). In addition, Piedmont considered both its own and the respective counterparties’ risk of nonperformance in determining the estimated fair value of its derivative financial instruments by estimating the current and potential future exposure under the derivative financial instruments as of the valuation date. The credit risk of Piedmont and its counterparties was factored into the calculation of the estimated fair value of the interest rate swaps; however, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, this credit valuation adjustment did not comprise a material portion of the estimated fair value. Therefore, Piedmont believes that any unobservable inputs used to determine the estimated fair values of its derivative financial instruments are not significant to the fair value measurements in their entirety, and does not consider any of its derivatives to be Level 3 financial instruments.

6. Impairment Charges

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, management shortened the intended hold period for the 750 West John Carpenter Freeway building located in Irving, Texas and in doing so, determined that the carrying value would not be recovered from the undiscounted future operating cash flows associated with the asset and its eventual disposition. As a result, Piedmont recognized an impairment charge of approximately $17.5 million calculated based on the difference between the carrying value of the asset and the estimated fair value. The estimated fair value was determined based on a negotiated potential selling price with an unrelated, third-party. On July 23, 2024, Piedmont completed the sale of the 750 West John Carpenter Freeway building.

Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, Piedmont recognized an impairment charge of approximately $0.9 million in conjunction with the sale of One Lincoln Park located in Dallas, Texas. The offer to purchase, contractual negotiations, due diligence, and completion of the sale all occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments Under Existing Lease Agreements

As a recurring part of its business, Piedmont is typically required under its executed lease agreements to fund tenant improvements, leasing commissions, and building improvements. In addition, certain agreements contain provisions that require Piedmont to issue corporate or property guarantees to provide funding for capital improvements or other financial obligations. As of March 31, 2025, Piedmont hadone individually significant tenant allowance commitment greater than $10 million. These commitments will be capitalized as the related expenditures are incurred.

Contingencies Related to Tenant Audits/Disputes

Certain lease agreements include provisions that grant tenants the right to engage independent auditors to audit their annual operating expense reconciliations. Such audits may result in different interpretations of language in the lease agreements from that made by Piedmont, which could result in requests for refunds of previously recognized tenant reimbursement revenues, resulting in financial loss to Piedmont. There wereno such reductions during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or 2024.

8. Property Dispositions

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Piedmont sold the 161 Corporate Center building in Irving, Texas to an unrelated, third-party buyer and recognized a gain on sale of approximately $0.1 million. Additionally, Piedmont recognized a gain on sale of real estate assets of $0.7 million related to the return of amounts held in escrow for the 750 West John Carpenter building sold in July 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Piedmont sold the One Lincoln Park building located in Dallas, Texas, to an unrelated, third-party owner/user for net sale proceeds of approximately $53.3 million.

9. Stock Based Compensation

Annually, the Compensation Committee of Piedmont's Board of Directors has granted deferred stock award units to certain employees at its discretion. Employee awards typically vest ratably over four years. In addition, Piedmont's independent directors receive an annual grant of deferred stock award units for services rendered and such awards vest over aone-year service period.

Certain management employees' long-term equity incentive program is allocated between the deferred stock award units described above and a multi-year performance share program whereby actual awards are contingent upon Piedmont's total stockholder return ("TSR") performance relative to the TSR of a peer group of office REITs. The target incentives for these employees, as well as the peer group to be used for comparative purposes, are predetermined by the board of directors, based on advice given by a third-party compensation consultant. The number of shares earned, if any, are determined at the end of the multi-year performance period (or upon termination) and vest immediately. In the event that a participant's employment is terminated prior to the end of the multi-year period, in certain circumstances the participant may be entitled to a pro-rated award based on Piedmont's TSR relative performance as of the termination date. The grant date fair value of the multi-year performance share awards is estimated using the Monte Carlo valuation method and is recognized ratably over the performance period.

A roll forward of Piedmont's equity based award activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is as follows:

The following table provides additional information regarding stock award activity during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively (in thousands, except per share amounts):

A detail of Piedmont’s outstanding stock awards and programs as of March 31, 2025 is as follows:

(1)Amounts reflect the total original grant to employees and independent directors, net of shares surrendered upon vesting to satisfy required minimum tax withholding obligations through March 31, 2025.

(2)Estimated based on Piedmont's cumulative TSR for the respective performance period through March 31, 2025. Share estimates are subject to change in future periods based upon Piedmont's relative TSR performance compared to its peer group of office REITs.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, Piedmont recognized approximately $2.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of compensation expense related to the amortization of unvested and potential stock awards. During the three months ended March 31, 2025,324,973 shares (net of shares surrendered upon vesting to satisfy required minimum tax withholding obligations) were issued to employees. As of March 31, 2025, approximately $20.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested and potential stock awards remained, which Piedmont will record in its consolidated statements of operations over a weighted-average vesting period of approximatelytwo years.

10. Supplemental Disclosures for the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows

Certain non-cash investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands) are outlined below:

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and escrows as presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, to the consolidated balance sheets for the respective period (in thousands):

Amounts in restricted cash and escrows typically represent: escrow accounts required for future property repairs; escrow accounts for the payment of real estate taxes as required under certain of Piedmont's debt agreements; earnest money deposited by a buyer to secure the purchase of one of Piedmont's properties; or security or utility deposits held for tenants as a condition of their lease agreement.

11. Earnings Per Share

As Piedmont recognized a net loss for both the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, earnings per share is computed using basic weighted-average common shares outstanding.

12. Segment Information

Piedmont's President and Chief Executive Officer has been identified as Piedmont's CODM, as defined by GAAP. The CODM evaluates Piedmont's portfolio and assesses the ongoing operations and performance of its projects utilizing the following geographic segments: Atlanta, Dallas, Orlando, Northern Virginia/Washington, D.C., Minneapolis, New York, and Boston. These operating segments are also Piedmont’s reportable segments. As of March 31, 2025, Piedmont also ownedtwo properties in Houston that do not meet the definition of an operating or reportable segment as the CODM does not regularly review these properties for purposes of allocating resources or assessing performance. Further, Piedmont does not maintain a significant presence nor anticipate further investment in this market. Thesetwo properties are the primary contributors to accrual-based net operating income ("NOI") included in "Other" below. During the periods presented, there have been no material inter-segment transactions. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as Piedmont's accounting policies.

Accrual-based net operating income ("NOI") by geographic segment is the primary performance measure reviewed by Piedmont's CODM to assess operating performance and consists only of revenues and expenses directly related to real estate rental operations. NOI is calculated by deducting property operating costs and other segment items from lease revenues and other property related income. Other segment items consist primarily of allocated costs and salaries, which are recognized at the respective properties and eliminated in the preparation of consolidated financial statements. NOI reflects property acquisitions and dispositions, occupancy levels, rental rate increases or decreases, and the recoverability of operating expenses. Piedmont's calculation of NOI may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures calculated by other REITs.

Asset value information and capital expenditures by segment are not reported because the CODM does not use these measures to assess performance.

The following table presents accrual-based revenues, property operating costs, and other segment items included in NOI by geographic reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (in thousands):

The following table presents accrual-based revenues, property operating costs, and other segment items included in NOI by geographic reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands):

A reconciliation of Net loss applicable to Piedmont to NOI is presented below (in thousands):

(1)Presented net of related operating expenses incurred to earn such management fee revenue. Such operating expenses are a component of property operating costs in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.