8X8 INC /DE/
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 22, 2025.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed May 22, 2025
EGHT$2.13-5.3%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-03-31; filed 2024-05-21.
0001023731-24-000042
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-22.
0001023731-25-000039
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 115 previous paragraphs and 124 current paragraphs.
63 unchanged; 23 reworded; 37 added; 22 removed; 7 previous and 1 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 12 previous and 15 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (37)
Current report
8x8, Inc. is a global provider of integrated customer experience and business communications solutions, purpose-built to unify customer and employee engagement across the enterprise. Our Platform for CX™ combines contact center, business communications, and application programmable interfaces, or APIs, for communications into a single, secure, AI-powered system that delivers seamless, data-driven interactions. Designed for agility and scale, our platform helps businesses eliminate silos, improve operational efficiency, and turn every conversation into actionable intelligence. By aligning technology with measurable outcomes, we empower organizations to transform how they connect, serve, and grow — from first interactions to lasting relationships.
Current report
We serve a broad customer base—from small businesses to large global enterprises—across every major industry and in over 160 countries. Our strategic focus has increasingly shifted toward mid-market, small and mid-sized enterprise, and public sector organizations, particularly those with 500 to 10,000 employees. These customers often have more complex communication and customer service needs and are more likely to benefit from—and invest in—multiple services across our platform. This focus aligns with our strengths, eliminating communication silos and enabling businesses to transform every customer interaction into a strategic asset. We also invest resources in retaining our small business customers, including world class onboarding and customer care specialists that are a single point of contact for all service and support needs.
Current report
We reach customers through a diversified go-to-market strategy that includes both direct and indirect channels. We utilize a diversified partner ecosystem to complement our direct sales efforts and expand our global market reach. Our go-to-market strategy includes technology solutions distributors, or TSDs, and their sub-agent networks, who contribute to pipeline growth through referrals. We also engage value-added resellers, or VARs, who market, sell, implement, and support our solutions, helping to drive customer acquisition and optimize our routes to market.
Current report
In addition, we collaborate closely with strategic technology partners—particularly those with whom we maintain deep integrations or original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, relationships—via structured referral agreements and coordinated lead flow processes. Our carrier partnerships extend our service availability to over 100 countries and territories, ensuring high-quality, reliable communications that support our international footprint.
Current report
To further enhance deployment speed and geographic coverage, we leverage third-party service providers, enabling us to deliver implementation and support services efficiently at a global scale.
Current report
With our unified approach to communication and a commitment to continuous innovation, 8x8 enables businesses to deliver intelligent, connected experiences that securely scale across the enterprise.
Current report
We generate service revenue from subscriptions to our communications services, as well as from usage of our platform. Our service subscription plans are sold on a per-user basis and are structured with increasing levels of functionality, based on the specific communication needs and customer engagement profile of each user. Platform usage, including telephony minutes, messaging, SMS, and digital and voice chat bot interactions, encompasses committed usage, which may be bundled with our service subscription plans, and uncommitted usage, which is sold on an as-used basis.
Current report
Macroeconomic and Other Factors
Current report
We are subject to risks and exposures, including those caused by adverse economic conditions. Macroeconomic conditions that could adversely affect our business include geopolitical instability, tariffs, continued inflation, increased interest rates, supply chain disruptions, decreased economic output and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. We continuously monitor the direct and indirect impacts of these factors, as well as the overall global economy and geopolitical landscape on our business and financial results.
Current report
While the implications of macroeconomic events on our business, results of operations, and overall financial position remain uncertain over the long term, we expect that adverse economic conditions could adversely impact our business in future periods. For example, our installed base includes more than 50,000 small businesses, which tend to be disproportionately impacted by macroeconomic headwinds.
Current report
Our primary focus involves the following: (i) accelerating innovation, particularly in enhancing our platform and contact center with artificial intelligence-based capabilities, and (ii) leveraging our CPaaS leadership in the Asia Pacific region to expand globally. We continue to introduce new products like 8x8 Engage, add capabilities that allow our customers to enhance employee and customer experience, and expand our Technology Partner Ecosystem to provide complete solutions tailored to specific use cases. We are also enhancing our platform foundation with cutting edge technology, such as the Customer Interaction Data Platform and composable agent and supervisor user interfaces. These innovations enable tightly integrated solutions that prioritize ease-of-use, out-of-the-box functionality, and rapid deployment.
Current report
Key GAAP Operating Results
Current report
To assess the success of our strategies to achieve growth and increase our cash flow, management reviews our financial performance as presented in our consolidated financial statements, including trends in revenue, gross profit margin, income (loss) from operations, and cash flow generated by operations in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenue as presented in the following table:
Current report
Interest Expense
Current report
Other expense, net, consists primarily of losses on debt extinguishment, gain or loss on warrant remeasurement, interest income, gains or losses on foreign exchange transactions, as well as other income.
Current report
Service revenue decreased by $7.7 million, or 1.1%, for fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024. This change was driven by a decrease in revenue from subscriptions of $19.9 million primarily due to a decline in revenue from customers on the Fuze platform offset by an increase of $12.2 million in platform usage revenue.
Current report
Cost of other revenue decreased $2.2 million, or 7.0%, in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024, primarily due to decreases of $1.6 million in lower product costs associated with IP telephone hardware and $0.8 million of stock-based compensation. These decreases were offset by an increase of $0.2 million in salaries, benefits, and consulting costs to deliver our professional services.
Current report
General and administrative expenses decreased $29.8 million, or 26.6%, in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 primarily due to a $24.2 million decrease associated with regulatory and state and local tax matters. During fiscal 2025, we adjusted accruals related to USF and other legal, regulatory and state and local tax matters and recognized a benefit of $9.9 million, compared to $14.3 million of expenses recognized during fiscal 2024. The decrease was also due to decreases of $3.9 million in salaries, benefits, and consulting costs and $3.8 million in stock-based compensation driven by lower weighted average grant date fair values for awards granted. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $2.1 million in other general corporate costs.
Current report
Interest expense
Current report
Interest expense decreased by $11.0 million, or 27.5%, in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024, primarily due to the 2022 Term Loan Debt extinguishment and decreased interest rate and principal on the Term Loan. See Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, for further details.
Current report
Other expense, net
Current report
We recognized $10.4 million of other expense, net during fiscal 2025 compared to $3.5 million of other income, net during fiscal 2024 primarily due to a $10.6 million increase on loss of debt extinguishment due to the payoff of the 2022 Term Loan, an increase of $2.0 million in unrealized foreign exchange losses, a decrease of $0.7 million in interest income, and a $0.6 million increase in other expense.
Current report
Provision for income taxes
Current report
(1) Restricted cash supports letters of credit securing leases for office facilities and certain equipment for the same periods, and an accrued holdback related to a business combination (see Note 1, The Company and Significant Accounting Policies).
Current report
Our outstanding Term Loan allows for voluntary prepayments. In order to reduce future cash interest payments, as well as future amounts due at maturity or upon redemption, we may, from time to time, make prepayments. The Company evaluates opportunities for stock repurchases, and may utilize cash and cash equivalents to repurchase shares under the 2017 Repurchase Plan. For more information, see Note 9, Stock-Based Compensation and Stockholders' Equity.
Current report
As of March 31, 2025, our 2028 Notes were trading at a discount to their respective principal amount. We may seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt through open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise which may have an impact on our liquidity requirements. Any such transactions will be dependent upon several factors, including our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, prevailing market conditions, and other factors. Whether or not we engage in any such transactions will be determined at our discretion. For historical debt payments, see Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan.
Current report
On July 11, 2024, we entered into a new term loan credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders thereto (the “2024 Credit Agreement”). The 2024 Credit Agreement establishes a delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million maturing on August 15, 2027.
Current report
On August 5, 2024, we drew upon the entire facility of $200.0 million under the delayed draw term loan facility (the "Term Loan") and used the proceeds of the Term Loan and cash on hand of approximately $29.0 million to repay in full the $225.0 million of outstanding principal amount and accrued interest of the 2022 Term Loan and the fees incurred in connection with the repayment (the "Repayment").
Current report
The Term Loan bears interest at an annual rate equal to the Term SOFR, plus a margin of either 2.50%, 2.75% or 3.00% based on the consolidated total net leverage ratio of the Company and its subsidiaries. The initial margin will be 3.00% for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2024. We have the option to pay interest monthly, quarterly, or semi-annually. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we elected monthly payment terms which resulted in cash payments of $2.7 million. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, we have elected monthly interest payment terms, which will result in cash payments of approximately $2.6 million. As of August 5, 2024, the scheduled principal repayments of $22.5 million in fiscal year 2025 ($7.5 million on October 31, 2024, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively), $37.5 million in fiscal year 2026 ($7.5 million on June 30, 2025 and $10.0 million on September 30, 2025, December 31, 2025 and March 31, 2026, respectively), and $47.5 million in fiscal year 2027 ($10.0 million on June 30, 2026, $12.5 million on September 30, 2026 and each quarter thereafter through maturity) are required, and the remaining $92.5 million principal is due before or upon maturity in fiscal year 2028. These annualized repayments will be made in quarterly installments. As of March 31, 2025, the debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense over the term of the Term Loan at an effective interest rate of 8.67%.
Current report
Under the terms of the 2024 Credit Agreement, we have the right to prepay the Term Loan at any time without any premium or penalty. We completed three principal payments of the Term Loan during fiscal 2025 for a total payment of $48.0 million in aggregate principal amount as follows:
Current report
•On October 7, 2024, we paid $15.0 million of quarterly principal payments due October 31, 2024 and December 31, 2024.
Current report
•On November 1, 2024, we prepaid $18.0 million of additional principal payments due March 31, 2025, June 30, 2025 and September 30, 2025.
Current report
•On January 10, 2025, we paid $15.0 million of quarterly principal payments due September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025.
Current report
These short-term principal debt payments are accounted for as partial debt extinguishment transactions. The carrying value of the Term Loan, including the unamortized debt discount and issuance costs, was derecognized. The difference of $0.3 million between the cash consideration paid to partially extinguish the Term Loan and the carrying value of the Term Loan was recognized as a loss on debt extinguishment included in the loss on debt extinguishment line item recorded in other expense in the consolidated statement of operations. The remaining principal amount of the Term Loan after the payments is $152.0 million. As of March 31, 2025, we have paid $22.5 million and $25.5 million of the originally scheduled principal repayments for fiscal year 2025 and fiscal year 2026, respectively. On April 11, 2025, we paid $15.0 million of quarterly principal payments due October 31, 2025, January 31, 2026, and April 30, 2026 under the Term Loan. The Company has no remaining short-term obligations due for fiscal year 2026. See Note 13, Subsequent Events, for more information regarding this prepayment.
Current report
2022 Term Loan Extinguishment
Current report
On August 5, 2024, we repaid in full the outstanding principal amount and accrued interest of the 2022 Term Loan using the proceeds of the Term Loan and cash on hand. The Repayment was accounted for as a debt extinguishment. The carrying value of the 2022 Term Loan, including the unamortized debt discount and issuance costs, was derecognized. The difference of $12.0 million between the cash consideration paid to extinguish the 2022 Term Loan and the carrying value of the 2022 Term Loan was recognized as a loss on debt extinguishment included in the loss on debt extinguishment line item recorded in other expense in the consolidated statement of operations. The Warrants continued to be outstanding with no change in terms in connection with the Repayment or issuance of the Term Loan.
Current report
We previously used the proceeds from the 2022 Credit Agreement to fund the cash portion of an exchange of the Company's approximately $403.8 million principal amount of 0.50% convertible senior notes due 2024 for cash plus approximately $201.9 million of 4.00% convertible senior notes due 2028, and the concurrent repurchase of approximately $60.0 million of our common stock with the counterparties to such exchange. Loans made under the 2022 Credit Agreement bore interest at an annual rate equal to the Term SOFR, subject to a floor of 1.00% and a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, plus a margin of 6.50%. During the year ended March 31, 2025, we paid $9.4 million of interest under the 2022 Term Loan. See Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, to our consolidated financial statements for details.
Removed paragraphs (22)
Previous report
We are a leading provider of software-as-a-service solutions for contact center, voice communications, video meetings, employee collaboration, and embeddable communication application program interfaces. Our solutions empower workforces worldwide by connecting individuals and teams so they can collaborate faster, work smarter, and better serve customers, from any location. The communications capabilities and advanced artificial intelligence/machine learning technologies of our contact center, communication and collaboration solutions are integrated into a comprehensive cloud-based offering powered by our global communications platform, which together comprise our 8x8 XCaaS platform solution. The XCaaS platform delivers our unified communications as-a-service, contact center as-a-service, and communications platform as-a-service services and includes artificial intelligence-driven digital assistance, intuitive user interfaces, and real-time business analytics and intelligence, enabling organizations of all sizes to design, deploy and adapt tailored communications and workflows for differentiated employee and customer experiences.
Previous report
The 8x8 XCaaS platform offers a cloud technology stack for communication, collaboration, and customer interaction. It delivers the security, scalability, high availability, and ease-of-use of a modern cloud-based architecture while masking the complexity of a global communications infrastructure. A comprehensive data layer across the platform powers 8x8 artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithms, as well as vertical-specific and purpose-built applications from our ecosystem of technology partners. This enables data-driven business insights and intelligent integrated applications that can drive employee productivity, resource optimization, and more effective end-customer interactions through simplified and automated workflows. Built with core cloud technologies that we own and manage internally, as well as integrated third-party applications from our technology partners, our XCaaS platform enables agile workplaces and fosters seamless communications and collaboration between an organization’s customers, contact center agents, and employees, regardless of geographic location.
Previous report
Our customers use our XCaaS platform to create tailored employee and customer experiences that increase productivity, improve responsiveness, and elevate customer and employee satisfaction and loyalty. Our service plans are structured with increasing levels of functionality and are designated as X1, X2, etc., through X8, based on the specific communication needs and customer engagement profile of each user.
Previous report
Because our XCaaS platform includes unified communications as-a-service, contact center as-a-service and communications platform as-a-service and serves as a single integration framework for communications and customer interactions across an organization, customers can reduce costs associated with provisioning and management, increase customization based on use cases, and facilitate compliance with security and data privacy requirements on a global scale. In fiscal 2023, we introduced platform-wide integration of generative artificial intelligence from OpenAI, making it easier for organizations to unlock the potential of generative artificial intelligence to personalize self-service, bot-based and agent-based customer engagements. The XCaaS platform also integrates with a growing ecosystem of third-party applications, ranging from purpose-built and vertically-focused artificial intelligence-based applications to broadly deployed customer relationship management platforms and leading customer engagement and workforce management software.
Previous report
Our solutions approach to third party integrations and platform-wide enablement of generative artificial intelligence, combined with flexibility to “mix and match” functionality based on users’ communication requirements and customer engagement profiles, allows organizations of all sizes to design and deploy tailored user experiences previously reserved to very large enterprises.
Previous report
Our customers range from small businesses to large enterprises across all vertical markets, with users in more than 160 countries. In recent years, we have increased our focus on mid-market, small- and mid-sized enterprise, and public sector customers because these organizations typically have more complex communication and contact center requirements compared to the needs of small business customers. Organizations in these sectors – typically with 500 to 10,000 employees -- are more likely to adopt multiple services and realize greater value from our unified, global communications platform and our growing product portfolio, including artificial intelligence-enabled solutions.
Previous report
In fiscal 2024, our total revenue decreased $15.2 million, or approximately 2% year-over-year, to $728.7 million. Our service revenue decreased $9.5 million, or approximately 1% year-over-year, to $700.6 million.
Previous report
In August 2022, we refinanced approximately $403.8 million of the $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2024 Notes through an exchange for approximately $201.9 million in 2028 Notes plus approximately $181.8 million in cash. The cash payment was funded with the partial proceeds of a new $250.0 million senior secured term loan due in 2027 entered into in August 2022. Concurrently with the issuance of the 2028 Notes, we repurchased 10,695,000 shares of our common stock for approximately $60.0 million in privately negotiated transactions with a limited number of holders. In September 2022, December 2022 and February 2023, we repurchased $6.0 million, $21.8 million and $5.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Notes, respectively, in separate privately negotiated transactions. On February 1, 2024, we paid the remaining aggregate principal of $63.3 million, and accrued interest of $0.2 million, related to the 2024 Notes, which matured on February 1, 2024. See Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan to our consolidated financial statements for details. In May 2023, we voluntarily prepaid $25.0 million of principal on our senior secured term loan, reducing the total principal outstanding to $225.0 million. Due to the adjustable nature of the interest rate on our senior secured term loan, our net income may vary.
Previous report
KEY BUSINESS METRICS
Previous report
Our management periodically reviews certain key business metrics to evaluate our operations, allocate resources, and drive financial performance in our business.
Previous report
Annualized Recurring Subscriptions and Usage Revenue
Previous report
Our management has measured the success of our strategy to attract and retain customers, in part, by analyzing trends in annualized recurring and usage revenue, or ARR, and believes annualized recurring and usage revenue may be useful to investors in evaluating our performance. Our management believes annualized recurring and usage revenue has been a useful indicator for measuring the overall performance of the business because it includes new customer additions, add-on sales, renewals and customer churn within a single metric. However, as the nature of our business is evolving as we launch and grow multiple products that have consumption-based pricing, we are re-evaluating our methodology and key business metrics we use. Our management has historically used trends in annualized recurring and usage revenue to assess our ongoing operations, allocate resources, and drive the performance of the business. We currently define annualized recurring and usage revenue as (A) equal to the sum of the most recent month of (i) recurring subscription amounts and (ii) platform usage charges for all communications platform as-a-service customers that demonstrate consistent monthly usage above a minimum threshold over the prior six-month period, multiplied by 12, and (B) excluding any non-bundled or overage usage fees associated with unified communications as-a-service subscriptions.
Previous report
ARR is a performance metric and should be viewed independently of revenue and deferred revenue, and ARR is not intended to be a substitute for, or combined with, any of these items. We caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.
Previous report
We have historically analyzed annualized recurring and usage revenue within three separate customer categories: enterprise, mid-market and small business. We define enterprise customers as customers generating more than $100,000 in annualized recurring and usage revenue, mid-market as customers with annualized recurring and usage revenue between $25,000 and $100,000, and small business as customers with up to $25,000 in annualized recurring and usage revenue. Customers can move between categories over time based on individual annualized recurring and usage revenue. The Company continues to review annualized recurring and usage revenue growth, as well as changes in the mix, within the enterprise, mid-market and small business categories and relies on the growth percentage as one of the measures of potential future performance within the specific annualized recurring and usage revenue by customer size categories.
Previous report
Total annualized recurring and usage revenue decreased 1% to $697.0 million at the end of fiscal 2024 from $703.0 million at the end of fiscal 2023. Enterprise annualized recurring and usage revenue decreased 1% to $402.0 million at the end of fiscal 2024 from $405.0 million the end of fiscal 2023. Mid-Market annualized recurring and usage revenue decreased 2% to $127.0 million at the end of fiscal 2024 from $130.0 million at the end of fiscal 2023. Small Business annualized recurring and usage revenue decreased 1% to $167.0 million at the end of fiscal 2024 from $168.0 million at the end of fiscal 2023.
Previous report
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes
Previous report
Service revenue decreased by $9.5 million, or 1.3%, for fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, and this change was driven by a decrease in subscription revenue of $9.5 million related to increased customer churn and down-sell.
Previous report
We expect cost of service revenue will increase in absolute dollars but generally remain consistent or decline as a percentage of revenue in future periods.
Previous report
Cost of other revenue decreased $10.7 million, or 25.0%, in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to $7.8 million decreased personnel-related costs to deliver our professional services coupled with $2.9 million lower product costs.
Previous report
General and administrative expenses increased $4.2 million, or 3.9%, in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 primarily due a $13.9 million increase primarily due to Fuze regulatory charges and $3.4 million increase of combined acquisition, integration, contract termination and other costs. This increase was partially offset by decreases of $6.3 million in stock-based compensation and $6.9 million in personnel-related, consulting and other costs.
Previous report
We recognized $36.3 million of other expense, net during fiscal 2024 compared to $4.0 million of other expense, net during fiscal 2023 primarily due to $18.5 million gain from debt extinguishment from the 2024 convertible notes recorded in the prior year compared to a $1.8 million loss on debt extinguishment in fiscal 2024, $12.3 million increase in interest expense on our variable-rate term loan entered into in the second quarter of fiscal 2023, an increase of $2.0 million in unrealized foreign exchange losses, and $1.8 million of gain on sale of assets recorded in the prior year. These were partially offset by $2.8 million of other income driven by interest income earned on available-for-sale investments and $1.8 million gain on remeasurement of warrants issued in connection with the term loan.
Previous report
As of March 31, 2024, we had $117.3 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. In addition, we had $0.5 million in restricted cash in support of letters of credit securing leases for office facilities.
Reworded paragraphs (23)
Previous wording
We define a “customer” as one or more legal entities to which we provide services pursuant to a single contractual arrangement. In some cases, we may have multiple billing relationships with a single customer (for example, where we establish separate billing accounts for a parent company and each of its subsidiaries).
Current wording
We generate other revenue from professional services and the sale of office phones and other hardware equipment. We define a “customer” as one or more legal entities to which we provide services pursuant to a single contractual arrangement. In some cases, we may have multiple billing relationships with a single customer (for example, where we establish separate billing accounts for a parent company and each of its subsidiaries).
Previous wording
We believe that continued innovation is a critical factor in attracting and retaining mid-market and enterprise customers and is an important variable in achieving sustainable growth. We are committed to maintaining a high level of investment in engineering to deliver product innovation across our XCaaS platform, expand our ecosystem of integrated third-party applications, and maintain the high availability our customers require.
Current wording
As part of our long-term strategy to grow our revenue and increase profitability and cash flow, we are focused on retaining our existing customers and expanding our mid-market, enterprise and public sector customer base. We believe that continued innovation is a critical factor in attracting and retaining our customers and is an important variable in achieving sustainable growth. We are committed to maintaining a high level of investment in research and development to deliver innovation across our Platform for CX, expand our ecosystem of integrated third-party applications, and maintain the high platform availability our customers require.
Previous wording
As part of our long-term strategy to expand our enterprise customer base, grow our revenue, and increase our profitability and cash flow, we have focused on reducing the cost of delivering our services and improving our sales efficiency while increasing our investment in research and development. To improve our sales efficiency, we have focused our sales and marketing resources on mid-market and enterprise customers, since these customers are likely to derive the greatest benefit from our unified XCaaS platform. We have also expanded our partner programs to extend our reach within this market, placing increased emphasis on developing a community of value-added resellers who provide implementation services and Tier 1 customer support in addition to sales. To support our customers and partners, we are expanding our customer success organization and investing in improvements to our back-office processes to increase our operational efficiency over time.
Current wording
Our investment in innovation has been complemented by initiatives to manage the cost of delivering our services and improve our sales efficiency. We continue to monitor factors that could have an impact on customer buying behavior and demand, including macroeconomic conditions, the competitive environment, contract duration, churn, upsell and down-sell, renewals, and payment terms, all of which have caused variability in our results and may continue to do in the future. We expect the cost of delivering our communication services — both in total dollars and as a percentage of service revenue — to vary with the amount of service revenue and the mix of subscription and usage revenue within service revenue. To improve our sales efficiency over time, we continue to invest in marketing programs to drive awareness for our solutions, and we have increased training for our sales teams, and invested in tools to increase productivity. We have also expanded our reseller partner programs to extend our reach within our target customer market, placing increased emphasis on developing a community of value-added resellers who provide implementation services and Tier 1 customer support in addition to sales. To support our customers and partners, we have expanded our customer success organization and continue to invest in improvements to our back-office processes to increase our operational efficiency over time.
Previous wording
Service revenue consists of communication services subscriptions, platform usage revenue, and related fees from our unified communications as-a-service, contact center as-a-service, and communications platform as-a-service offerings. We plan to increase service revenue through a combination of new customer acquisition, cross-sell of additional products to existing customers, including new products resulting from our increased investment in innovation, geographic expansion of our customer base outside the United States, innovation in our products and technologies, and through strategic acquisitions of technologies and businesses.
Current wording
Service revenue consists of communication services subscriptions, platform usage revenue, and related fees from our UCaaS, CCaaS, and CPaaS offerings. We plan to increase service revenue through a combination of new customer acquisition, cross-sell of additional products to existing customers, including new products resulting from our increased investment in innovation, artificial intelligence, geographic expansion of our customer base outside the United States, innovation in our products and technologies, and through strategic acquisitions of technologies and businesses.
Previous wording
Impairment of long-lived assets consists of non-cash impairment charges for right-of-use assets and capitalized software. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, we partially ceased use of the Company's Headquarters and an international office space. We reviewed the recoverability of the related right-of-use assets and determined an impairment indicator was identified as these events indicated the carrying value of the right-of-use assets may not be recoverable. In connection with partially ceasing use of the Company’s Headquarters and an international office space, the Company recorded impairment charges of $9.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, as the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets related to the leases exceeded its fair value based on the Company’s estimate of future discounted cash flows related to the leased facility. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the non-cash charge of $11.0 million was recorded as an impairment of long-lived assets on the consolidated statements of operations and consisted of an $11.0 million impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets. See Note 1, The Company and Significant Accounting Policies, for further details.
Current wording
Impairment of long-lived assets consists of non-cash impairment charges for right-of-use assets and capitalized software. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, we partially ceased use of the Company's Headquarters and an international office space. We reviewed the recoverability of the related right-of-use assets and determined an impairment indicator was identified as these events indicated the carrying value of the right-of-use assets may not be recoverable. In connection with partially ceasing use of the Company’s Headquarters and an international office space, the Company recorded impairment charges of $9.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, as the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets related to the leases exceeded its fair value based on the Company’s estimate of future discounted cash flows related to the leased facility. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the non-cash charge of $11.0 million was recorded as an impairment of long-lived assets on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and consisted of an $11.0 million impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets. See Note 1, The Company and Significant Accounting Policies, for further details.
Previous wording
Other expense, net, consists primarily of interest expense related to our term loan and convertible notes, amortization of debt discount and issuance costs, offset by gains on debt extinguishment, as well as other income.
Current wording
Interest expense consists primarily of interest expense related to our term loan and convertible notes, and amortization of debt discount and issuance costs.
Previous wording
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists primarily of foreign income taxes and state minimum taxes in the United States. As we expand the scale of our international business activities, any changes in the United States and foreign taxation of such activities may increase our overall provision for income taxes in the future. We have a valuation allowance for our United States deferred tax assets, including federal and state non-operating loss carryforwards. We expect to maintain this valuation allowance until it becomes more likely than not that the benefit of our federal and state deferred tax assets will be realized by way of expected future taxable income in the United States.
Current wording
Provision for income taxes consists primarily of foreign income taxes and state minimum taxes in the United States. As we expand the scale of our international business activities, any changes in the United States and foreign taxation of such activities may increase our overall provision for income taxes in the future. We have a valuation allowance for our United States deferred tax assets, including federal and state non-operating loss carryforwards. We expect to maintain this valuation allowance until it becomes more likely than not that the benefit of our federal and state deferred tax assets will be realized by way of expected future taxable income in the United States.
Previous wording
We continue to monitor factors that could have an impact on customer buying behavior and demand, including macroeconomic conditions, contract duration, churn, upsell and down-sell, renewals, and payment terms, all of which could cause variability in our revenue.
Current wording
Our business is diversified by vertical market and geography, and no single customer represented more than 10% of our total revenue during fiscal years 2025 and 2024. We continue to monitor factors that could have an impact on customer buying behavior and demand, including macroeconomic conditions, contract duration, churn, upsell and down-sell, renewals, and payment terms, all of which could cause variability in our revenue.
Previous wording
Other revenue decreased by $5.8 million, or 17.0%, in fiscal 2024, as compared to fiscal 2023, due to lower professional service and product revenue of $4.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
Current wording
Other revenue decreased by $6.0 million, or 21.3%, in fiscal 2025, as compared to fiscal 2024, due to lower product and professional service revenue of $3.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively.
Previous wording
Cost of service revenue decreased $5.9 million, or 3.0%, during fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, due to decreases of $6.1 million related to the amortization of capitalized software and intangible assets and $2.6 million of combined employee, consulting and stock-based compensation expense. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $2.8 million in costs to deliver our services.
Current wording
Cost of service revenue increased $7.1 million, or 3.7%, during fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024, primarily due to an increase of $17.5 million in costs to deliver our subscription and platform usage services. This increase was partially offset by decreases of $5.7 million from amortization of capitalized software and intangible assets, $3.1 million in stock-based compensation driven by lower weighted average grant date fair values for awards granted, $1.1 million in software costs, and $0.5 million in salaries, benefits, and consulting costs.
Previous wording
Research and development expenses decreased $6.3 million, or 4.4%, in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023, primarily due to decreases of $6.5 million in stock-based compensation, $1.8 million in amortization of capitalized software $0.6 million in software licenses. These decreases were partially offset by increases of $2.2 million in combined employee, consulting and facility costs and $0.3 million in internally-developed software and other costs.
Current wording
Research and development expenses decreased $13.0 million, or 9.5%, in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024, primarily due to decreases of $9.5 million in stock-based compensation driven by lower weighted average grant date fair values for awards granted, $4.3 million in combined salaries, benefits, and consulting costs driven by lower headcount, and $3.5 million in facilities costs. These decreases were partially offset by increases of $2.3 million to operate data centers, $1.4 million in internally-developed software, and $0.6 million in other costs necessary for us to conduct our product, platform development and engineering efforts.
Previous wording
Sales and marketing expenses decreased $39.9 million, or 12.8%, in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023 primarily due to decreases of $19.3 million in personnel-related and consulting costs, $17.2 million of combined paid media, marketing services and other costs, and $8.4 million in stock-based compensation expense. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $5.2 million in channel commissions and amortization of deferred commission.
Current wording
Sales and marketing expenses decreased $7.5 million, or 2.8%, in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024 primarily due to decreases of $8.2 million in channel commissions and amortization of contract acquisition costs and $6.7 million in stock-based compensation expense driven by lower weighted average grant date fair values for awards granted. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $5.3 million in salaries, benefits, and consulting costs driven by increased sales organization headcount and $2.1 million in digital marketing and other costs.
Previous wording
Impairment of long-lived assets increased $4.7 million in fiscal 2024 compared to fiscal 2023. During the third quarter of fiscal 2024, we partially ceased use of the Company's Headquarters and an international office space. We reviewed the recoverability of the related right-of-use assets and determined an impairment indicator was identified as these events indicated the carrying value of the right-of-use assets may not be recoverable. In connection with partially ceasing use of the Company’s Headquarters and an international office space, the Company recorded impairment charges of $9.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, as the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets related to the leases exceeded its fair value based on the Company’s estimate of future discounted cash flows related to the leased facility. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the non-cash charge of $11.0 million was recorded as an impairment of long-lived assets on the consolidated statements of operations and consisted of an $11.0 million impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets. See Note 1, The Company and Significant Accounting Policies, for further details.
Current wording
Impairment of long-lived assets decreased $11.0 million in fiscal 2025 compared to fiscal 2024. During the third quarter of fiscal 2024, we partially ceased use of the Company's Headquarters and an international office space. We reviewed the recoverability of the related right-of-use assets and determined an impairment indicator was identified as these events indicated the carrying value of the right-of-use assets may not be recoverable. In connection with partially ceasing use of the Company’s Headquarters and an international office space, the Company recorded impairment charges of $9.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, as the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets related to the leases exceeded its fair value based on the Company’s estimate of future discounted cash flows related to the leased facility. During the year ended March 31, 2024, the non-cash charge of $11.0 million was recorded as an impairment of long-lived assets on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and consisted of an $11.0 million impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets. See Note 1, The Company and Significant Accounting Policies, for further details.
Previous wording
For the year ended March 31, 2024, we recorded an income tax provision of $3.6 million compared to an income tax provision of $2.8 million in fiscal 2023, primarily due to higher federal and state income taxes as a result of the application of certain 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act tax law changes that limited the amount of taxable income that can be offset by net operating loss carryforwards.
Current wording
For the year ended March 31, 2025, we recorded an income tax provision of $3.1 million compared to $3.6 million in fiscal 2024, primarily due to a reduction in state income taxes as a result of a reduction in state taxable income offset by an increase in foreign taxes primarily due to the exhaustion of NOL carryforwards and a change in income mix of our foreign jurisdictions.
Previous wording
We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and investment balances and our anticipated cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital, expenditure, and contractual obligation requirements for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future, the success of our operations, the global economic outlook, and the pace of sustainable growth in our markets could impact our business and liquidity.
Current wording
We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and our anticipated cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital, expenditure, and contractual obligation requirements for a minimum of the next twelve months and the foreseeable future. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity for at least the next twelve months and for the foreseeable future, the success of our operations, the global economic outlook, and the pace of growth in our markets could impact our business and liquidity.
Previous wording
Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are working capital, research and development and marketing activities, principal and interest payments on our outstanding debt and other general corporate needs. Historically, these cash requirements have been met through cash provided by operating activities and cash and cash equivalents. Our current capital deployment strategy for fiscal 2024 is to invest excess cash on hand to support our continued growth initiatives into select markets and planned software development activities, and pay down our debt. As of March 31, 2024, we are not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources. Significant cash requirements for the upcoming fiscal year include our interest payments related to our debt obligations, operating lease obligations, and operating and capital purchase commitments. For information regarding our expected cash requirements and timing of payments related to leases and noncancellable purchase commitments, see Note 6, Leases, and Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, respectively, to the consolidated financial statements. Additionally, refer to Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, to the consolidated financial statements for more information related to our debt obligations and applicable covenants.
Current wording
Our primary requirements for liquidity and capital are working capital needs due to delivery of our various products to customers, research and development, sales and marketing activities, principal and interest payments on our outstanding debt and other general corporate needs. Historically, these cash requirements have been met from cash provided by operating activities and our cash and cash equivalents balances. Our current capital deployment strategy for fiscal year 2026 is to invest excess cash on hand to support our continued growth initiatives into select markets and planned software development activities, and pay down our debt. As of March 31, 2025, we are not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have had or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources. Significant cash requirements for the fiscal year include our operating lease obligations, interest payments related to our debt obligations, and operating and capital purchase commitments. For information regarding our expected cash requirements and timing of payments related to leases and noncancellable purchase commitments, see Note 6, Leases, and Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, respectively, to the consolidated financial statements. Additionally, refer to Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, to the consolidated financial statements for more information related to our debt obligations and applicable covenants.
Previous wording
The following is a summary of our cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities:
Current wording
The following is a summary of our cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities (in thousands):
Previous wording
Cash provided by operating activities increased by $30.2 million to $79.0 million for fiscal 2024, mainly due to an increase in cash received from customers, decrease in cash paid to suppliers, and a decrease in cash paid for sales commission costs. Cash provided by investing activities increased $2.5 million to $8.5 million for fiscal 2024, mainly due to decreases in the purchases, sales, and maturities of investments. Cash used in financing activities increased by $45.6 million to $83.4 million for fiscal 2024, due to principal repayments of $25.0 million on the term loan and $234.8 million proceeds in fiscal 2023 offset by a reduction in repayment and exchange of $154.0 million on the convertible senior notes and repurchase of common stock of $60.2 million in fiscal 2023.
Current wording
Cash provided by operating activities decreased by $15.4 million to $63.6 million for fiscal 2025, mainly due to an increase in cash paid to suppliers and employees partially offset by an increase in cash received from customers. Cash used in investing activities decreased $25.0 million to $16.4 million for fiscal 2025, mainly due to decreases in the purchases, sales, and maturities of investments and $3.2 million of cash paid for the business combination. Cash used in financing activities decreased by $8.3 million to $75.1 million for fiscal 2025, due to principal repayments for our term loan and payoff of a perpetual license related to our enterprise resource planning software.
Previous wording
(2)Total interest payments of $92.4 million were determined using the effective interest rate of 11.9% as of March 31, 2024. See Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report regarding the interest rate terms.
Current wording
(2)Total interest payments of $21.3 million were determined using the year-end Term SOFR rate of 7.32% plus 3.00% as of March 31, 2025. See Note 8, Convertible Senior Notes and Term Loan, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report regarding the interest rate terms.
Previous wording
Revenue is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied, based on the transaction price. We generally bill our customers on a monthly basis. Contracts typically range from annual to multi-year agreements, generally with payment terms of net 30 days.
Current wording
Revenue is recognized on a gross basis when the Company is considered the principal in the transaction with discretion on pricing and control, as performance obligations are satisfied, based on the transaction price. The Company recognizes revenue on a net basis when the Company is considered the agent in third party license sales, if material. We generally bill our customers on a monthly basis. Contracts typically range from annual to multi-year agreements, generally with payment terms of net 30 days.
Previous wording
Certain costs of software are capitalized during the application development phase. We begin to capitalize costs to develop software when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended.
Current wording
Certain costs of software are capitalized during the application development phase. We begin to capitalize costs to develop software when preliminary development efforts are successfully completed, management has authorized and committed project funding, it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used as intended. Capitalized internal-use software development costs are included in property and equipment. Once the project has been completed, these costs are amortized to cost of service revenue on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset as noted in Property and Equipment. Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria together with costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed as incurred and recorded in research and development expense. We test capitalized internal-use software development costs for impairment on an annual basis, or as events occur or circumstances change that could impact the recoverability of the capitalized costs.
Previous wording
We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, right-of-use assets, definite lived intangibles, or capitalized internal-use software costs, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Examples of such events could include the disposal of a significant portion of such asset, an adverse change in the market involving the business employing the related asset, or a significant change in the operation or use of an asset. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate the fair value of long-lived assets and asset groups through future cash flows.
Current wording
We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, right-of-use assets, definite lived intangibles, or capitalized internal-use software costs, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Examples of such events could include the disposal of a significant portion of such asset, an adverse change in the market involving the business employing the related asset, or a significant change in the operation or use of an asset. The assessment of possible impairment is based on our ability to recover the carrying value of the asset or asset group from the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset or asset group, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The measurement of impairment requires management to estimate the fair value of long-lived assets and asset groups through future cash flows. During fiscal 2024, we recorded an impairment of long-lived assets related to the Company's right-of-use assets on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. See Note 6, Leases, for further details.
Previous wording
We perform testing for impairment of goodwill on an annual basis, or as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our single reporting unit below its carrying amount. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value.
Current wording
Goodwill represents the excess fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are tested annually for impairment and more often if there is an indicator of impairment. We perform testing for impairment of goodwill on an annual basis, or as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our single reporting unit below its carrying amount. Goodwill is considered impaired if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value.
Rearranged current paragraphs (1)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following is a summary of our cash and cash equivalents and investments (in thousands):
Rearranged previous paragraphs (7)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
We generate service revenue from subscriptions to our communications services subscriptions as well as from usage of our platform. We generate other revenue from professional services and the sale of office phones and other hardware equipment.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Our business is diversified by vertical market and geography, and no single customer represented more than 10% of our total revenue during fiscal years 2024 and 2023.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
During the year ended March 31, 2023, the impairment charge of $6.4 million was due to capitalized software and right-of-use assets of $3.7 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Capitalized internal-use software development costs are included in property and equipment. Once the project has been completed, these costs are amortized to cost of service revenue on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset as noted in Property and Equipment.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria together with costs incurred for training and maintenance are expensed as incurred and recorded in research and development expense. We test capitalized internal-use software development costs for impairment on an annual basis, or as events occur or circumstances change that could impact the recoverability of the capitalized costs.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
During fiscal 2024, we recorded an impairment of long-lived assets related to the Company's right-of-use assets on the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 6, Leases, for further details.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Goodwill represents the excess fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are tested annually for impairment and more often if there is an indicator of impairment.