NUCOR CORP
For the period ended Apr 5, 2025. Filed May 14, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Apr 5, 2025 · Filed May 14, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-09-28; filed 2024-11-06.
0000950170-24-121863
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-04-05; filed 2025-05-14.
0000950170-25-071567
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 74 previous paragraphs and 61 current paragraphs.
17 unchanged; 35 reworded; 9 added; 20 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 5 previous and 5 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (9)
Current report
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $156 million, or $0.67 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2025, which represented a decrease compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $845 million, or $3.46 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2024.
Current report
The primary driver of the decrease in earnings in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024 was the decreased profitability of the steel mills segment. Average selling prices and metal margins decreased across all product groups within the steel mills segment in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024. Also contributing to the decrease in steel mills segment earnings were increased conversion costs in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024, largely driven by increased energy costs. Earnings in the steel products segment decreased in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to lower average selling prices across most product groups within the segment. Earnings in the raw materials segment increased in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to the increased profitability of our DRI facilities.
Current report
Net sales for the steel products segment decreased 4% in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to a 12% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $2,608 to $2,294, partially offset by a 9% increase in tons sold to outside customers. Average selling prices decreased across most businesses within the steel products segment in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024.
Current report
Gross margins in the steel products segment decreased in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024 due primarily to lower average selling prices. The largest decreases in gross margins were at our joist and deck, metal buildings and tubular products businesses.
Current report
Gross margins in the raw materials segment increased in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to the increased profitability of our DRI operations.
Current report
Included in the first quarter of 2025 net earnings was $29 million of losses and impairments of assets (there were no losses and impairments of assets in the first quarter of 2024). Of this amount, $19 million was related to the closure or repurposing of certain facilities in the steel products segment. The remaining $10 million was related to the repurposing of a facility in the steel mills segment.
Current report
We expect earnings in the second quarter of 2025 to increase compared to the first quarter of 2025. Earnings in the second quarter of 2025 are expected to increase across all three of our operating segments, with the largest expected increase in the steel mills segment. The expected increase in the steel mills segment earnings is primarily due to higher average selling prices at our sheet and plate mills. Earnings in the steel products segment are expected to increase in the second quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2025 due to increased volumes. The raw materials segment is expected to have increased earnings in the second quarter of 2025.
Current report
Cash provided by operating activities during the first quarter of 2025 was $364 million as compared to $460 million during the first quarter of 2024. The $96 million decrease was driven by net earnings before noncontrolling interests of $226 million for the first quarter of 2025, a decrease of $733 million from net earnings before noncontrolling interests for the prior year period of $959 million. Partially offsetting this decrease, were changes in operating assets and operating liabilities (exclusive of acquisitions), which used cash in the amount of $239 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to $794 million in the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in the amount of cash used related to changes in operating assets and operating liabilities was primarily attributable to a $288 million decrease in the salaries, wages and related accruals during the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024, which was largely due to the profit sharing payments made in the first quarter of 2025 (based on the Company's earnings for the full year 2024) being less than the profit sharing payments made in the first quarter of 2024 (based on the Company's earnings for the full year 2023).
Current report
Cash provided by financing activities during the first quarter of 2025 was $414 million as compared to cash used in financing activities of $1.40 billion during the first quarter of 2024. The primary source of cash in the first quarter of 2025 was proceeds from the issuance and sale of long-term debt, net of discount to the public, of $997 million. In the first quarter of 2025, Nucor issued and sold $500 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.650% Notes due 2030 and $500 million aggregate principal amount of its 5/100% Notes due 2035. We plan to use the net proceeds from the issuance and sale of these Notes, along with cash on hand if necessary, to redeem all of the outstanding $500 million aggregate principal amount of our 2.000% Notes due 2025 and $500 million aggregate principal amount of our 3.950% Notes due 2025 (collectively, the "2025 Notes") pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing the 2025 Notes, with remaining proceeds, if any, to be used for general corporate purposes. The primary uses of cash were stock repurchases of $300 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to $1.00 billion in the first quarter of 2024, a decrease of $701 million, and distributions to noncontrolling interests of $172 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to $265 million in the first quarter of 2024, a decrease of $93 million.
Removed paragraphs (20)
Previous report
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $249.9 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2024, as compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $1.14 billion, or $4.57 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2023.
Previous report
Excluding the losses and impairments of assets, the largest driver of the decrease in earnings in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 was the decreased earnings of the steel mills segment. Though shipments to outside customers improved slightly in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023, metal margins decreased significantly as average selling prices decreased across all product groups within the steel mills segment. The steel products segment’s earnings in the third quarter of 2024 decreased significantly compared to the third quarter of 2023. The primary driver of the decrease in the earnings of the steel products segment was the decreased earnings of our joist and deck businesses, which had decreased average selling prices and lower volumes. Earnings in the raw materials segment decreased in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to the decreased performance of our scrap processing and DRI operations.
Previous report
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $1.74 billion, or $7.22 per diluted share, for the first nine months of 2024, as compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $3.74 billion, or $14.83 per diluted share, for the first nine months of 2023. Earnings decreased across all three segments for the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023, with the largest decrease in the steel products segment. In the steel products segment, average selling prices for our joist and deck businesses have moderated from historically high levels and steadily declined from the beginning of 2023 through the first nine months of 2024. The decrease in average selling prices, combined with lower volumes for the joist and deck businesses, were the largest contributors to the decrease in the earnings of the steel products segment in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023. The steel mills segment's earnings decreased in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023, primarily due to lower metal margins caused by lower average selling prices and decreased volumes. Earnings in the raw materials segment decreased in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023, primarily due to the decreased earnings of our scrap processing and DRI operations.
Previous report
Net sales for the first nine months of 2024 decreased 12% from the first nine months of 2023. Average sales price per ton decreased 10% from $1,402 in the first nine months of 2023 to $1,265 in the first nine months of 2024. Total tons shipped to outside customers in the first nine months of 2024 were approximately 18,709,000 tons, a 3% decrease from the first nine months of 2023.
Previous report
Net sales for the steel mills segment decreased 7% in the first nine months of 2024 from the first nine months of 2023, due primarily to a 6% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $1,105 to $1,042, and a 2% decrease in volumes.
Previous report
Net sales for the steel products segment decreased 23% in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, due to an 11% decrease in shipping volumes and a 13% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $2,837 to $2,469.
Previous report
Net sales for the steel products segment decreased 22% in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023, due to a 12% decrease in shipping volumes and a 12% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $2,865 to $2,530.
Previous report
Net sales for the raw materials segment increased 3% in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023, due to increased tons shipped to outside customers by the scrap brokerage operations of DJJ. In the first nine months of 2024, approximately 93% of outside sales for the raw materials segment were from the scrap brokerage operations of DJJ, and approximately 4% of outside sales were from the scrap processing operations of DJJ (approximately 93% and 3%, respectively, in the first nine months of 2023).
Previous report
Gross margins in the steel products segment decreased in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to decreases at our joist and deck businesses.
Previous report
Gross margins in the raw materials segment decreased in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023 primarily due to the decreased earnings of the scrap processing and DRI operations.
Previous report
Nucor recorded gross margins of $3.48 billion (15%) in the first nine months of 2024, which was a decrease compared to $6.42 billion (24%) in the first nine months of 2023.
Previous report
The largest driver of the decrease in gross margins in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023 was the decreased earnings of the steel products segment, which was primarily due to the decreased profitability of our joist and deck businesses.
Previous report
Gross margins in the raw materials segment decreased in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023 primarily due to the decreased earnings of the scrap processing and DRI operations.
Previous report
Included in the third quarter of 2024 net earnings was $123.0 million of losses and impairments of assets (none in the third quarter of 2023). During the third quarter of 2024, management determined it was probable that a long-term note receivable in the raw materials segment was no longer collectable and recorded an $83.0 million impairment charge to fully reserve the note receivable. The remaining $40.0 million is related to certain non-current assets, mostly property, plant and equipment, net, related to a business in the steel products segment.
Previous report
Interest expense increased in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 due to higher average interest rates on debt and an increase in average debt outstanding. Interest expense decreased in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 due to an increase in capitalized interest.
Previous report
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $249.9 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $1.14 billion, or $4.57 per diluted share, in the third quarter of 2023. Net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders as a percentage of net sales were 3.4% and 13.0% in the third quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Previous report
We expect consolidated net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders in the fourth quarter of 2024 to decrease compared to earnings per diluted share of $1.05 reported for the third quarter of 2024. The largest driver of the expected decrease in earnings in the fourth quarter of 2024 is the expected decrease in earnings of the steel mills segment caused by lower average selling prices and decreased volumes. We expect earnings in the steel products segment to decrease in the fourth quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2024 due to lower average selling prices and decreased volumes. The earnings of the raw materials segment are expected to increase in the fourth quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2024 (excluding the impairment charge taken during the third quarter of 2024).
Previous report
Cash provided by operating activities was $3.25 billion in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to $5.59 billion in the first nine months of 2023. The $2.34 billion decrease was primarily driven by net earnings before noncontrolling interests of $1.97 billion for the first nine months of 2024, which represented a decrease of $2.07 billion from net earnings before noncontrolling interests for the prior year period of $4.04 billion. In addition, changes in operating assets and operating liabilities (exclusive of acquisitions and dispositions) provided cash of $130.9 million in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to $604.5 million in the first nine months of 2023.
Previous report
The funding provided by our working capital in the first nine months of 2024 decreased by $473.6 million compared to the first nine months of 2023 mainly due to the change in accounts payable using $371.2 million more cash, federal income taxes providing less cash of $224.1 million and the change in accounts receivable providing $124.8 million less cash compared to the same period in 2023. These changes were partially offset by the change in inventories providing more cash of $287.0 million.
Previous report
Cash used in financing activities in the first nine months of 2024 was $2.60 billion as compared to $2.24 billion in the first nine months of 2023. The primary uses of cash were stock repurchases of $1.90 billion in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to $1.38 billion in the first nine months of 2023, which represented an increase of $524.8 million. Partially offsetting the increase in stock repurchases was the $79.0 million decrease in distributions to noncontrolling interests in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023.
Reworded paragraphs (35)
Previous wording
Certain statements made in this report, or in other public filings, press releases, or other written or oral communications made by Nucor, which are not historical facts are forward-looking statements subject to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties which we expect will or may occur in the future and may impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “project,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could” and similar expressions are intended to identify those forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s best judgment based on current information, and, although we base these statements on circumstances that we believe to be reasonable when made, there can be no assurance that future events will not affect the accuracy of such forward-looking information. As such, the forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and actual results may vary materially from the projected results and expectations discussed in this report. Factors that might cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (1) competitive pressure on sales and pricing, including pressure from imports and substitute materials; (2) U.S. and foreign trade policies affecting steel imports or exports; (3) the sensitivity of the results of our operations to general market conditions, and in particular, prevailing market steel prices and changes in the supply and cost of raw materials, including pig iron, iron ore and scrap steel; (4) the availability and cost of electricity and natural gas, which could negatively affect our cost of steel production or result in a delay or cancellation of existing or future drilling within our natural gas drilling programs; (5) critical equipment failures and business interruptions; (6) market demand for steel products, which, in the case of many of our products, is driven by the level of nonresidential construction activity in the United States; (7) impairment in the recorded value of inventory, equity investments, fixed assets, goodwill or other long-lived assets; (8) uncertainties and volatility surrounding the global economy, including excess world capacity for steel production, inflation and interest rate changes; (9) fluctuations in currency conversion rates; (10) significant changes in laws or government regulations affecting environmental compliance, including legislation and regulations that result in greater regulation of greenhouse gas emissions that could increase our energy costs, capital expenditures and operating costs or cause one or more of our permits to be revoked or make it more difficult to obtain permit modifications; (11) the cyclical nature of the steel industry; (12) capital investments and their impact on our …
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Current wording
Certain statements made in this report, or in other public filings, press releases, or other written or oral communications made by Nucor Corporation, a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1958, and its affiliates ("Nucor", the "Company", "we", "us", or "our"), which are not historical facts are forward-looking statements subject to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties which we expect will or may occur in the future and may impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “project,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could” and similar expressions are intended to identify those forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s best judgment based on current information, and, although we base these statements on circumstances that we believe to be reasonable when made, there can be no assurance that future events will not affect the accuracy of such forward-looking information. As such, the forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and actual results may vary materially from the projected results and expectations discussed in this report. Factors that might cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (1) competitive pressure on sales and pricing, including pressure from imports and substitute materials; (2) U.S. and foreign trade policies affecting steel imports or exports; (3) the sensitivity of the results of our operations to general market conditions, and in particular, prevailing market steel prices and changes in the supply and cost of raw materials, including pig iron, iron ore and scrap steel; (4) the availability and cost of electricity and natural gas, which could negatively affect our cost of steel production or result in a delay or cancellation of existing or future drilling within our natural gas drilling programs; (5) critical equipment failures and business interruptions; (6) market demand for steel products, which, in the case of many of our products, is driven by the level of nonresidential construction activity in the United States; (7) impairment in the recorded value of inventory, equity investments, fixed assets, goodwill or other long-lived assets; (8) uncertainties and volatility surrounding the global economy, including excess world capacity for steel production, inflation and interest rate changes; (9) fluctuations in currency conversion rates; (10) significant changes in laws or government regulations affecting environmental compliance, including legislation and regulations that result in greater regulation of greenhouse gas emissions that could increase our energy costs, capital expenditures and operating costs or cause one or more of our permits to be revoked or make it more difficult to ob…
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Previous wording
Nucor and its affiliates manufacture steel and steel products. Nucor also produces DRI for use in its steel mills. Through DJJ, the Company also processes ferrous and nonferrous metals and brokers ferrous and nonferrous metals, pig iron, hot briquetted iron and DRI. Most of Nucor’s operating facilities and customers are located in North America. Nucor’s operations include international trading and sales companies that buy and sell steel and steel products manufactured by the Company and others. Nucor is North America’s largest recycler, using scrap steel as the primary raw material in producing steel and steel products.
Current wording
Nucor and its affiliates manufacture steel and steel products. Nucor also produces direct reduced iron ("DRI") for use in its steel mills. Through The David J. Joseph Company and its affiliates ("DJJ"), the Company also processes ferrous and nonferrous metals and brokers ferrous and nonferrous metals, pig iron, hot briquetted iron and DRI. Most of Nucor’s operating facilities and customers are located in North America. Nucor’s operations include international trading and sales companies that buy and sell steel and steel products manufactured by the Company and others. Nucor is North America’s largest recycler, using scrap steel as the primary raw material in producing steel and steel products.
Previous wording
Nucor reports its results in the following segments: steel mills, steel products and raw materials. The steel mills segment includes carbon and alloy steel in sheet, bars, structural and plate; steel trading and rebar distribution businesses; and Nucor’s equity method investment in NuMit. The steel products segment includes steel joists and joist girders, steel deck, fabricated concrete reinforcing steel, cold finished steel, precision castings, steel fasteners, metal building systems, insulated metal panels, overhead doors, steel grating, tubular products, steel racking, piling products, wire and wire mesh, and utility towers and structures. The raw materials segment includes DJJ, primarily a scrap broker and processor; Nu-Iron Unlimited and Nucor Steel Louisiana, two facilities that produce DRI used by the steel mills; and our natural gas production operations.
Current wording
Nucor reports its results in the following segments: steel mills, steel products and raw materials. The steel mills segment includes carbon and alloy steel in sheet, bars, structural and plate; steel trading businesses and rebar distribution businesses; and Nucor’s equity method investment in NuMit. The steel products segment includes steel joists and joist girders, steel deck, fabricated concrete reinforcing steel, cold finished steel, steel fasteners, metal building systems, insulated metal panels, steel grating, tubular products businesses, steel racking, piling products business, wire and wire mesh, overhead doors and utility towers and structures. The raw materials segment includes DJJ, primarily a scrap broker and processor; Nu-Iron Unlimited and Nucor Steel Louisiana, two facilities that produce DRI used by the steel mills; and our natural gas production operations.
Previous wording
The average utilization rates of all operating facilities in the steel mills, steel products and raw materials segments were approximately 77%, 59% and 73%, respectively, in the first nine months of 2024 compared with approximately 80%, 66% and 74%, respectively, in the first nine months of 2023.
Current wording
The average utilization rates of all operating facilities in the steel mills, steel products and raw materials segments were approximately 80%, 55% and 73%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2025, compared to approximately 82%, 59% and 77%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Included in the third quarter of 2024 net earnings was $123.0 million of losses and impairments of assets (none in the third quarter of 2023). Of that amount, $83.0 million related to certain non-current assets in the raw materials segment and $40.0 million related to certain non-current assets in the steel products segment.
Current wording
Included in the first quarter of 2025 net earnings was $29 million of losses and impairments of assets (there were no losses and impairments of assets in the first quarter of 2024). Of this amount, $19 million related to the closure or repurposing of certain facilities in the steel products segment. The remaining $10 million was related to the repurposing of a facility in the steel mills segment.
Previous wording
The following discussion provides a greater quantitative and qualitative analysis of Nucor’s performance in the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 as compared to the third quarter and first nine months of 2023.
Current wording
The following discussion provides a greater quantitative and qualitative analysis of Nucor’s performance in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Net sales to external customers by segment for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Current wording
Net sales to external customers by segment for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in millions):
Previous wording
Net sales for the third quarter of 2024 decreased 15% from the third quarter of 2023. Average sales price per ton decreased 15% from $1,406 in the third quarter of 2023 to $1,201 in the third quarter of 2024. Total tons shipped to outside customers in the third quarter of 2024 were approximately 6,196,000 tons, a 1% decrease from the third quarter of 2023.
Current wording
Net sales for the first quarter of 2025 decreased 4% from the first quarter of 2024. Average sales price per ton decreased 12% from $1,307 in the first quarter of 2024 to $1,146 in the first quarter of 2025. Total tons shipped to outside customers in the first quarter of 2025 were approximately 6,830,000 tons, a 10% increase from the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
In the steel mills segment, sales tons for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands):
Current wording
In the steel mills segment, sales tons for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands):
Previous wording
Net sales for the steel mills segment decreased 12% in the third quarter of 2024 from the third quarter of 2023, due primarily to a 13% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $1,114 to $967.
Current wording
Net sales for the steel mills segment decreased 5% in the first quarter of 2025 from the first quarter of 2024, due primarily to a 15% decrease in the average sales price per ton, from $1,108 to $938, partially offset by a 12% increase in tons sold to outside customers.
Previous wording
Outside sales tonnage for the steel products segment for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):
Current wording
Outside sales tonnage for the steel products segment for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 was as follows (in thousands):
Previous wording
Net sales for the raw materials segment increased 9% in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023, due to increased tons shipped to outside customers by the scrap brokerage operations of DJJ. In the third quarter of 2024, approximately 93% of outside sales for the raw materials segment were from the scrap brokerage operations of DJJ, and approximately 3% of outside sales were from the scrap processing operations of DJJ (approximately 92% and 4%, respectively, in the third quarter of 2023).
Current wording
Net sales for the raw materials segment increased 15% in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to increased average selling prices at DJJ's brokerage operations. In the first quarter of 2025, approximately 94% of outside sales for the raw materials segment were from DJJ's scrap brokerage operations, and approximately 4% of outside sales were from DJJ's scrap processing operations (approximately 93% and 4%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2024).
Previous wording
Nucor recorded gross margins of $757.9 million (10%) in the third quarter of 2024, which was a decrease compared to $1.92 billion (22%) in the third quarter of 2023.
Current wording
Nucor recorded gross margins of $605 million (8%) in the first quarter of 2025, which was a decrease compared to $1.52 billion (19%) in the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
The largest driver of the decrease in gross margins in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023 was lower metal margins across the steel mills segment. Metal margin is the difference between the selling price of steel and the cost of scrap and scrap substitutes.
Current wording
The primary driver of the decrease in gross margins in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024 was decreased margins in the steel mills segment caused by lower metal margins and increased conversion costs per ton. Metal margin is the difference between the selling price of steel and the cost of scrap and scrap substitutes.
Previous wording
In the steel mills segment, the average scrap and scrap substitute cost per gross ton used in the first nine months of 2024 was $399, a 7% decrease compared to $429 in the first nine months of 2023. However, the decrease in scrap and scrap substitute costs was more than offset by the decreases in average selling prices and volumes, resulting in lower metal margins.
Current wording
Scrap and scrap substitutes are the most significant element in the total cost of steel production. The average scrap and scrap substitute cost per gross ton used in the first quarter of 2025 was $394, a 6% decrease compared to $421 in the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in scrap and scrap substitute costs was more than offset by decreased average selling prices, resulting in lower metal margins.
Previous wording
Scrap prices are driven by the global supply and demand for scrap and other iron-based raw materials used to make steel. As we enter the fourth quarter of 2024, scrap prices are comparable to the third quarter of 2024.
Current wording
Scrap prices are driven by the global supply and demand for scrap and other iron-based raw materials used to make steel. Scrap prices are subject to change based on market fluctuations.
Previous wording
Pre-operating and start-up costs of new facilities were approximately $168 million in the third quarter of 2024 and approximately $100 million in the third quarter of 2023. Pre-operating and start-up costs in the third quarter of both 2024 and 2023 primarily included costs related to the plate mill in Kentucky and the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia. Nucor defines pre-operating and start-up costs, all of which are expensed, as the losses attributable to facilities or major projects that are either under construction or in the early stages of operation. Once these facilities or projects have attained a utilization rate that is consistent with our similar operating facilities, Nucor no longer considers them to be in start-up.
Current wording
Pre-operating and start-up costs of new facilities were approximately $170 million in the first quarter of 2025 and approximately $125 million in the first quarter of 2024. Pre-operating and start-up costs in the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 primarily included costs related to the plate mill in Kentucky and the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia. Nucor defines pre-operating and start-up costs, all of which are expensed, as the losses attributable to facilities or major projects that are either under construction or in the early stages of operation. Once these facilities or projects have attained a utilization rate that is consistent with our other similar operating facilities, Nucor no longer considers them to be in start-up.
Previous wording
A major component of marketing, administrative and other expenses is profit sharing and other incentive compensation costs. These costs, which are based upon and fluctuate with Nucor’s financial performance, decreased by $119.7 million in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023, and decreased by $285.1 million in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the first nine months of 2023. These decreases were due to Nucor's decreased profitability in the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 as compared to the respective prior year periods, which resulted in decreased accruals related to profit sharing.
Current wording
A major component of marketing, administrative and other expenses is profit sharing and other incentive compensation costs. These costs, which are based upon and fluctuate with Nucor’s financial performance, decreased by $93.0 million in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024. The decrease was due to the Company’s decreased earnings in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Equity in (Earnings) Losses of Unconsolidated Affiliates
Current wording
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliates
Previous wording
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates was $5.3 million in the third quarter of 2024, and equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates was $1.1 million in the third quarter of 2023. Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates was $24.1 million and $3.7 million in the first nine months of 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increases in equity method investment earnings were primarily due to the increased results of NuMit.
Current wording
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates was $4 million and $9 million in the first quarter of 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease in equity method investment earnings in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024 was primarily due to the decreased results of NuMit.
Previous wording
Net interest expense (income) for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 and 2023 was as follows (in thousands):
Current wording
Net interest expense (income) for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 was as follows (in millions):
Previous wording
Interest income decreased in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 due to a decrease in average investment levels. Interest income increased in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 primarily due to an increase in average interest rates on cash investments.
Current wording
Interest expense increased in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, primarily due to a decrease in capitalized interest. Interest income decreased in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024, due to lower average investments and a decrease in average interest rates on investments.
Previous wording
The table below presents earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interests by segment for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 and 2023 (in thousands). The changes between periods were driven by the quantitative and qualitative factors previously discussed.
Current wording
The table below presents earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interests by segment for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024 (in millions). The changes between periods were driven by the quantitative and qualitative factors previously discussed.
Previous wording
Noncontrolling interests represent the income attributable to the holders of noncontrolling interests in Nucor’s joint ventures, NYS, CSI and NJSM. Nucor owns a 51% controlling interest in each of NYS, CSI and NJSM. The decrease in earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023 was primarily due to the decreased earnings of NYS and CSI, and the losses of NJSM in the current year (NJSM was not included in noncontrolling interests until the fourth quarter of 2023, when Nucor obtained a controlling interest). The decrease in earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the first nine months of 2023 was primarily due to the decreased earnings of NYS and CSI, and the losses of NJSM in the current year.
Current wording
Noncontrolling interests represent the income attributable to the holders of noncontrolling interests in Nucor’s joint ventures, NYS, CSI and NJSM. Nucor owns a 51% controlling interest in each of NYS, CSI and NJSM. The decrease in earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the first quarter of 2024 was due to the decreased earnings of CSI and NYS.
Previous wording
The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2024 was 22.0% compared to 21.1% for the third quarter of 2023. The expected effective tax rate for the full year of 2024 is approximately 21.5%.
Current wording
The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2025 was 20.7% compared to 21.7% for the first quarter of 2024. The expected effective tax rate for the full year of 2025 is approximately 20.9%.
Previous wording
We estimate that in the next 12 months our gross unrecognized tax benefits, which totaled $213.8 million at September 28, 2024, exclusive of interest, could decrease by as much as $9.2 million as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations and the closures of examinations, substantially all of which would impact the effective tax rate.
Current wording
We estimate that in the next 12 months our gross unrecognized tax benefits, which totaled $215 million at April 5, 2025, exclusive of interest, could decrease by as much as $38 million as a result of the expiration of the statute of limitations and the closures of examinations, substantially all of which would impact the effective tax rate.
Previous wording
The IRS is currently examining Nucor’s 2015, 2019 and 2020 federal income tax returns. Nucor has concluded U.S. federal income tax matters for the tax years through 2014, and for the tax years 2016 through 2018. The tax years 2021 through 2023 remain open to examination by the IRS. The 2015 through 2021 Canadian income tax returns for Nucor Rebar Fabrication Group Inc. (formerly known as Harris Steel Group Inc.) and certain related affiliates are currently under examination by the Canada Revenue Agency. The tax years 2016 through 2023 remain open to examination by other major taxing jurisdictions to which Nucor is subject (primarily Canada, Trinidad & Tobago, and other state and local jurisdictions).
Current wording
The IRS is currently examining Nucor’s 2015, 2019, and 2020 federal income tax returns. Nucor has concluded U.S. federal income tax matters for the tax years through 2014, and for the tax years 2016 and 2018. The tax years 2021 through 2023 remain open to examination by the IRS. The 2015 through 2021 Canadian income tax returns for Nucor Rebar Fabrication Group Inc. (formerly known as Harris Steel Group Inc.) and certain related affiliates are currently under examination by the Canada Revenue Agency. The tax years 2016 through 2023 remain open to examination by other major taxing jurisdictions to which Nucor is subject (primarily Canada, Trinidad & Tobago, and other state and local jurisdictions).
Previous wording
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $1.74 billion, or $7.22 per diluted share, in the first nine months of 2024 as compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $3.74 billion, or $14.83 per diluted share, in the first nine months of 2023. Net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders as a percentage of net sales were 7.4% and 13.8% in the first nine months of 2024 and 2023, respectively. Annualized return on average stockholders’ equity was 11.2% and 25.6% in the first nine months of 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Current wording
Nucor reported net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $156 million, or $0.67 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2025, as compared to net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders of $845 million, or $3.46 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2024. Net earnings attributable to Nucor stockholders as a percentage of net sales were 2.0% and 10.4% in the first quarter of 2025 and 2024, respectively. Annualized return on average stockholders’ equity was 3.1% and 16.2% in the first quarter of 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
Nucor’s largest exposure to market risk is in our steel mills and steel products segments. Our largest single customer in the third quarter of 2024 represented approximately 5% of sales and has consistently paid within terms. In the raw materials segment, we are exposed to price fluctuations related to the purchase of scrap and scrap substitutes, pig iron and iron ore. Businesses within the steel mills segment account for the majority of the raw materials segment’s sales.
Current wording
Nucor’s largest exposure to market risk is in our steel mills and steel products segments. Our largest single customer in the first quarter of 2025 represented approximately 5% of sales and has consistently paid within terms. In the raw materials segment, we are exposed to price fluctuations related to the purchase of scrap and scrap substitutes, pig iron and iron ore. Businesses within the steel mills segment account for the majority of the raw materials segment’s sales.
Previous wording
Our liquidity position as of September 28, 2024 remained strong, consisting of total cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $4.86 billion ($7.13 billion as of December 31, 2023). Approximately $899.1 million of the cash and cash equivalents position at September 28, 2024, was held by our majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries as compared to $1.05 billion at December 31, 2023.
Current wording
Our liquidity position as of April 5, 2025 remained strong, consisting of total cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of $4.06 billion ($4.14 billion as of December 31, 2024). Approximately $772 million of the cash and cash equivalents position at April 5, 2025, was held by our majority-owned joint ventures as compared to approximately $970 million at December 31, 2024.
Previous wording
The current ratio was 2.6 at the end of the third quarter of 2024 and 3.6 at year-end 2023. The decrease in the current ratio at the end of the third quarter of 2024 compared to year-end 2023 was primarily due to the $2.86 billion, or 17%, decrease in current assets. The main driver of the decrease in current assets was the $2.12 billion, or 33% decrease in cash and cash equivalents. Also contributing to the decrease in the current ratio was the $622.3 million, or 14%, increase in current liabilities. The increase in current liabilities was primarily due to the $966.3 million increase in the current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations and the $94.5 million increase in short-term debt. These changes were offset by the $117.4 million decrease in accounts payable and the $351.8 million decrease in salaries, wages and related accruals.
Current wording
The current ratio was 2.5 at the end of the first quarter of 2025 and at year-end 2024.
Previous wording
Cash used in investing activities in the first nine months of 2024 was $2.77 billion as compared to $1.84 billion in the first nine months of 2023, an increase of $929.7 million. Cash used for capital expenditures of $2.29 billion in the first nine months of 2024 increased by $797.6 million as compared to the same period of 2023 primarily due to the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia, the sheet mill expansion in Indiana and the rebar micro mill under construction in North Carolina. Capital expenditures for 2024 are estimated to be approximately $3.2 billion as compared to $2.20 billion for 2023. The projects that we anticipate will have the largest capital expenditures in 2024 are the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia, the sheet mill expansion in Indiana, the rebar micro mill under construction in North Carolina and the construction of two manufacturing locations to expand Nucor Towers & Structures. Also contributing to the increase in cash used in investing activities in the first nine months of 2024 over the same period of 2023 was the acquisition (net of cash acquired) of Rytec for approximately $565.0 million during the third quarter of 2024.
Current wording
Cash used in investing activities during the first quarter of 2025 was $1.18 billion as compared to $890 million during the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $290 million. The primary use of cash in investing activities was capital expenditures, which was $859 million in the first quarter of 2025, an increase of $189 million from the prior year period. Capital expenditures in the first quarter of 2025 primarily related to the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia and the construction of two manufacturing locations to expand Nucor Towers & Structures ("NTS"). Capital expenditures for 2025 are estimated to be approximately $3.00 billion as compared to $3.17 billion in 2024. The projects that we anticipate will have the largest capital expenditures in 2025 are the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia, the construction of two manufacturing locations to expand NTS, and the galvanizing line at our sheet mill in South Carolina.
Previous wording
Nucor’s $1.75 billion revolving credit facility matures on November 5, 2026. The revolving credit facility includes only one financial covenant, which is a limit of 60% on the ratio of funded debt to total capital. In addition, the revolving credit facility contains customary non-financial covenants, including a limit on Nucor’s ability to pledge the Company’s assets and a limit on consolidations, mergers and sales of assets. As of September 28, 2024, the funded debt to total capital ratio was 24.4% and we were in compliance with all non-financial covenants under the revolving credit facility. No borrowings were outstanding under the revolving credit facility as of September 28, 2024.
Current wording
On March 11, 2025, Nucor amended and restated its revolving credit facility to increase the borrowing capacity from $1.75 billion to $2.25 billion and to extend its maturity date to March 11, 2030. The revolving credit facility includes only one financial covenant, which is a limit of 60% on the ratio of funded debt to total capital. In addition, the revolving credit facility contains customary non-financial covenants, including a limit on Nucor’s ability to pledge the Company’s assets and a limit on consolidations, mergers and sales of assets. As of April 5, 2025, the funded debt to total capital ratio was 27.2% and we were in compliance with all non-financial covenants under the revolving credit facility. No borrowings were outstanding under the revolving credit facility as of April 5, 2025.
Previous wording
In September 2024, Nucor’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on Nucor’s common stock of $0.54 per share payable on November 8, 2024 to stockholders of record on September 27, 2024. This dividend is Nucor’s 206 th consecutive quarterly cash dividend.
Current wording
In February 2025, Nucor’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on Nucor’s common stock of $0.55 per share payable on May 12, 2025 to stockholders of record on March 31, 2025. This dividend is Nucor’s 208 th consecutive quarterly cash dividend.
Previous wording
Funds provided from operations, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and new borrowings under our existing credit facilities are expected to be adequate to meet future capital expenditure and working capital requirements for existing operations for at least the next 24 months. We also believe we have adequate access to capital markets for liquidity purposes.
Current wording
Funds provided by operations, cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and new borrowings under our existing credit facilities are expected to be adequate to meet future capital expenditures and working capital requirements for existing operations for at least the next 24 months. We also believe we have adequate access to capital markets for liquidity purposes.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Scrap and scrap substitutes are the most significant element in the total cost of steel production. In the steel mills segment, the average scrap and scrap substitute cost per gross ton used in the third quarter of 2024 was $378, a 9% decrease compared to $415 in the third quarter of 2023. Though scrap and scrap substitute costs decreased in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023, total metal margin dollars decreased as the decrease in average selling prices outpaced the decrease in scrap and scrap substitute costs.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Pre-operating and start-up costs of new facilities increased to approximately $430 million in the first nine months of 2024 from approximately $273 million in the first nine months of 2023. Pre-operating and start-up costs in the first nine months of both 2024 and 2023 primarily included costs related to the plate mill in Kentucky and the sheet mill under construction in West Virginia.