MGE ENERGY INC
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 7, 2025.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 7, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-11-06.
0000950170-24-121952
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital ResourcesOther MattersCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-07.
0000950170-25-065302
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOther MattersThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 222 previous paragraphs and 152 current paragraphs.
83 unchanged; 53 reworded; 16 added; 62 removed; 24 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 24 previous and 14 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (16)
Current report
2025 Deferred Fuel Savings: MGE had deferred fuel savings through the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025, MGE had deferred $0.8 million of 2025 fuel savings. These costs will be subject to the PSCW's annual review of 2025 fuel costs, expected to be completed during 2026. See Footnote 9 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information regarding fuel cost proceedings.
Current report
Excluding AFUDC.
Current report
Estimated date of commercial operation.
Current report
Executive Order - Tariffs: MGE is monitoring the actions of the Trump Administration with respect to certain proposed or recently implemented import tariffs on foreign goods. These tariffs have a potential impact on cost of operations and on current and future capital projects. See "Other Matters" below for additional information on the executive orders on tariffs.
Current report
Financing and Equity Issuance Plans: MGE Energy annually evaluates its financing plan, dividend practices, and credit line sizing, focusing on maintaining its investment grade rating while meeting cash needs to fund capital requirements, including construction expenditures, retire debt, pay dividends, and operating expenses. As of March 31, 2025, MGE had $280 million of remaining regulatory authority from the PSCW to issue long-term debt to finance authorized utility capital expenditures. During the first quarter of 2025, MGE Energy issued new shares of common stock to participants in its Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Beginning May 2025, MGE Energy expects to purchase shares in the open market for participants in the Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
Current report
Electric revenue increased $9.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Current report
Volume. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, residential sales increased by approximately 8% compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase was driven by differences in the weather experienced during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year. Temperatures, on average, were warmer than normal in the first quarter of 2024.
Current report
The $4.9 million increase in fuel for electric generation in the first quarter of 2025 was due to an approximately 32% increase in internal generation driven by an increase in sales and 5% increase in the average cost, each compared to the same period in the prior year.
Current report
Gas revenue increased $18.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Current report
MGE Energy's and MGE's liquidity are primarily affected by their capital expenditure requirements. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, capital expenditures for MGE Energy and MGE totaled $47.7 million, which included $45.3 million of utility capital expenditures.
Current report
MGE does not currently expect any material changes to its total forecasted expenditures as presented in the 2025 through 2029 capital expenditure forecast included under Part II, Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources in the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. MGE's plan to achieve its target of 80% carbon reduction by 2030 (from 2005 levels) is based on the transition away from coal, addition of new renewable generation, and additional generation sources that provide the reliable energy to serve demand dependably. The mix of generation sources presented in the 2025 through 2029 capital expenditure forecast may shift based on reliability needs as MGE continues on the path to achieve its carbon reduction goals. Additionally, MGE is monitoring import regulations under the Uyghur Forced Labor Protection Act, U.S. Department of Commerce solar tariffs, and other tariffs issued under executive orders. These disruptions have impacted and may continue to impact current and future solar projects by increasing costs or causing delays in construction timelines. As projects are delayed, timing of capital expenditures will be correspondingly shifted. See "Other Matters" below for additional information on the solar procurement disruptions.
Current report
In March 2025, the EPA announced its intention to initiate regulatory actions concerning several key environmental regulations, including the 2024 power plant greenhouse gas regulations, Effluent Limitation Guidelines, the 2024 amendments to the CCR Rule, and the 2023 Good Neighbor Plan. To date, no formal steps have been taken to alter these regulations. MGE is closely monitoring the EPA's administrative efforts in these areas and will evaluate appropriate responses as developments occur.
Current report
In April 2025, MGE filed a 2026/2027 rate application with a proposed increase of 4.89% for electric rates and a 2.33% increase for gas rates in 2026. The application addresses rates for 2027 proposing a 4.33% increase for electric rates and a 2.16% increase to gas rates for 2027. PSCW approval is pending. A final order is expected before the end of the year.
Current report
In January 2025, several more Chinese companies, including five solar supply chain providers, were banned under the UFLPA. MGE continues to ensure its compliance with the UFLPA.
Current report
To date in 2025, President Trump has issued multiple executive orders implementing tariffs on imported goods. On April 2, 2025, 10% tariffs on nearly all countries, as well as additional reciprocal tariffs on certain countries, were announced. The 10% tariffs went into effect on April 9, and the reciprocal tariffs, except with respect to those on China, were paused for 90 days. MGE continues to assess the potential impact of these tariffs to MGE's cost of operations and on current and future capital expenditures including solar or battery storage projects. These tariffs may cause an increase in costs or delays in construction timelines.
Removed paragraphs (62)
Previous report
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, MGE Energy's earnings were $98.5 million or $2.72 per share compared to $97.6 million or $2.70 per share during the same period in the prior year. MGE's earnings during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, were $75.9 million compared to $76.8 million during the same period in the prior year.
Previous report
ATC ROE: As discussed in "Other Matters" below, ATC's authorized ROE, which is used in calculating its rates and revenues, is the subject of a challenge before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). A decrease in ATC's ROE could result in lower equity earnings and distributions from ATC in the future. We derived approximately 6.0% and 5.7% of our net income during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, from our investment in ATC.
Previous report
Natural gas as a fuel source. West Riverside: In June 2024, MGE purchased an additional 25 MW of capacity of West Riverside for approximately $25 million. After purchase, MGE owns 50 MW of capacity of West Riverside. West Riverside is a natural gas-fired generating plant.
Previous report
The following discussion is based on the business segments as discussed in Footnote 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
Previous report
Electric revenue increased $8.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Previous report
The $2.4 million decrease in fuel for electric generation was due to an approximately 16% decrease in the average cost primarily driven by lower market prices. Internal generation increased approximately 5%.
Previous report
Gas revenue decreased $0.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Previous report
Cost of gas sold decreased $0.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. Average cost per therm decreased approximately 10% and therms delivered decreased approximately 1%. MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the PGA as described under gas deliveries and revenue above.
Previous report
Increased customer accounts costs are primarily related to collection of deferred bad debt expense from prior years. MGE has received approval to recover deferred bad debt expense from 2020 through 2023 over a two-year period beginning in 2024. Bad debt expense is generally offset by electric revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous report
Decreased administrative and general costs are primarily related to a decrease in pension and other postretirement service costs. These costs are generally offset by electric revenue and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous report
Results of Operations
Previous report
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023
Previous report
Electric sales and revenues
Previous report
Electric revenue increased $6.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Previous report
Volume. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, residential sales decreased by approximately 2% compared to the same period in the prior year. This decrease was driven by weather conditions during the heating months. This change was a result of a warmer April 2023 compared to 2024 which impacted residential sales.
Previous report
Electric fuel and purchased power
Previous report
The $5.9 million decrease in fuel for electric generation was due to an approximately 19% decrease in the average cost partially offset by an approximately 9% increase in internal generation. Renewable generation increased approximately 29% driven by new generation sources including Badger Hollow II.
Previous report
Gas deliveries and revenues
Previous report
Gas revenue decreased $26.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, due to the following:
Previous report
Cost of gas sold
Previous report
Consolidated operations and maintenance expenses
Previous report
Increased customer accounts costs are primarily related to collection of deferred bad debt expense from prior years. MGE has received approval to recover deferred bad debt expense from 2020 through 2023 over a two-year period beginning in 2024. Bad debt expense is generally offset by electric revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous report
Increased electric production expenses are primarily related to operating and maintenance costs for renewable generating facilities. MGE continues to add new renewable generation sites including the second phase of Badger Hollow which went online in December 2023.
Previous report
Increased distribution expenses in 2024 are primarily related to the May 2024 storm response costs.
Previous report
Decreased administrative and general costs are primarily related to a decrease in pension and other postretirement service costs. These costs are generally offset by electric revenue and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous report
Consolidated depreciation expense
Previous report
Electric and gas other income
Previous report
Transmission Investment Operations - MGE Energy
Previous report
All Other Operations - MGE Energy
Previous report
Other income
Previous report
The increase of $1.0 million in other income from all other operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily results from decreased investment distribution losses from our venture capital funds compared to the same period in the prior year. These venture capital investments support early-stage companies working to advance smart technologies, the customer experience, distributed energy resources, electrification, cybersecurity, and other priorities for utility companies such as greater sustainability.
Previous report
Purchase Contracts – MGE Energy and MGE
Previous report
See Footnote 8.c. of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for a description of commitments as of September 30, 2024, that MGE Energy and MGE have entered with respect to various commodity supply and transportation contracts to meet their obligations to deliver electricity and natural gas to customers.
Previous report
Long-term Debt – MGE Energy and MGE
Previous report
In October 2024, MGE entered into a private placement Note Purchase Agreement in which it committed to issue $50 million of senior unsecured notes. See Footnote 6.c. of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information on the senior note issuance.
Previous report
Proceeds from the sale of investments increased $1.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, when compared to the same period in the prior year.
Previous report
The following table shows MGE Energy's forecasted capital expenditures for 2024 through 2029:
Previous report
Includes actual capital expenditures already incurred in 2024 and estimated capital expenditures for the remainder of the year.
Previous report
Forecasted capital expenditures are based upon management's assumptions with respect to future events, including the timing and amount of expenditures associated with environmental compliance initiatives, legislative and regulatory action, supply chain and market disruptions, customer demand and support for electrification and renewable energy resources, energy conservation programs, load growth, the timing of any required regulatory approvals, and the adequacy of rate recovery. Actual events may differ materially from these assumptions and result in material changes to those forecasted amounts.
Previous report
MGE is targeting at least 80% carbon reduction from electric generation by 2030 (from 2005 levels) and net-zero carbon electricity by 2050. Solar, wind, and battery storage projects are a major step toward deep decarbonization and greater use of clean energy sources in pursuit of our goal. In addition, natural gas generation projects help enable MGE's clean energy transition and ensure reliability for customers as the energy supply is decarbonized. MGE continues to evaluate solar, wind, battery storage, and natural gas generation projects that align with its goals as legacy fossil fuel-fired facilities are retired.
Showing the first 40 of 62 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Reworded paragraphs (53)
Previous wording
Regulated electric utility operations, conducted through MGE, which generate and distribute electricity to approximately 163,000 customers in Dane County, Wisconsin,
Current wording
Regulated electric utility operations, conducted through MGE, which generate and distribute electricity to approximately 167,000 customers in Dane County, Wisconsin,
Previous wording
Regulated gas utility operations, conducted through MGE, which distribute natural gas to approximately 176,000 customers in seven south-central and western Wisconsin counties,
Current wording
Regulated gas utility operations, conducted through MGE, which distribute natural gas to approximately 178,000 customers in seven south-central and western Wisconsin counties,
Previous wording
All other, which includes corporate operations and services.
Current wording
All other, which includes investing in companies and property that relate to the regulated operations and financing the regulated operations, through its wholly owned subsidiaries CWDC, MAGAEL, and North Mendota, and corporate operations and services.
Previous wording
MGE will continue to focus on growing earnings while controlling operating and fuel costs. MGE's goal is to provide safe and efficient operations in addition to providing customer value. We believe it is critical to maintain a strong credit rating consistent with financial strength in MGE in order to accomplish these goals.
Current wording
MGE plans to continue to focus on growing earnings while controlling operating and fuel costs. MGE's goal is to provide safe and efficient operations in addition to providing customer value. We believe it is critical to maintain a strong credit rating consistent with financial strength in MGE in order to accomplish these goals.
Previous wording
We principally earn revenue and generate cash from operations by providing electric and natural gas utility services, including electric power generation and electric power and gas distribution. The earnings and cash flows from the utility business are sensitive to various external factors, including:
Current wording
We principally earn revenue and generate cash from operations by providing electric and natural gas utility services, including electric power generation and electric power and gas distribution. The earnings and cash flows from the utility business are sensitive to various external factors, including, but not limited to:
Previous wording
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, MGE Energy's earnings were $40.9 million or $1.13 per share compared to $37.9 million or $1.05 per share during the same period in the prior year. MGE's earnings during the three months ended September 30, 2024, were $33.3 million compared to $30.5 million during the same period in the prior year.
Current wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, MGE Energy's earnings were $41.6 million or $1.14 per share compared to $33.8 million or $0.93 per share during the same period in the prior year. MGE's earnings during the three months ended March 31, 2025, were $34.2 million compared to $26.6 million during the same period in the prior year.
Previous wording
Our net income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily reflects the effects of the following factors:
Current wording
Our net income during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same periods in the prior year primarily reflects the effects of the following factors:
Previous wording
An increase in electric investments, as part of the 2024 rate case, contributed to earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Unfavorable weather contributed to lower electric residential sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. Electric residential sales remained flat for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. Also contributing to higher third quarter electric earnings is lower fuel costs during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the 2024 fuel cost plan approved by the PSCW.
Current wording
An increase in electric investments, as part of the 2025 rate case, contributed to an increase in earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in the prior year. Favorable weather contributed to higher electric residential sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year.
Previous wording
Lower gas retail sales resulting from warmer than normal weather in the first quarter of 2024 contributed to lower gas earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Gas retail sales decreased approximately 7%. Heating degree days (a measure for determining the impact of weather during the heating season) decreased by approximately 9% in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in the prior year.
Current wording
Higher gas retail sales in the first quarter of 2025 contributed to higher gas earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year. Gas retail sales increased approximately 19%. Heating degree days (a measure for determining the impact of weather during the heating season) increased by approximately 13% in the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period in the prior year.
Previous wording
The following events affected the first nine months of 2024:
Current wording
The following events affected the first three months of 2025:
Previous wording
2024/2025 Rate Proceeding: In December 2023, the PSCW approved a 1.54% increase to electric rates and 2.44% increase to gas rates for 2024. The PSCW also approved a 4.17% increase to electric rates and 1.32% increase to gas rates in 2025. MGE filed a 2025 Fuel Cost Plan with the PSCW in June 2024. The plan would lower the 2025 increase in electric rates to 2.47%, reflecting lower expected fuel costs. MGE expects a final decision from the PSCW on the Fuel Cost Plan by the end of 2024. See "Other Matters" below for additional information on the 2024/2025 rate proceeding.
Current wording
2025 Rate Proceeding: In December 2023, the PSCW approved a 4.17% increase to electric rates and 1.32% increase to gas rates for 2025. The PSCW approved a 2025 Fuel Cost Plan in December 2024. The plan lowered the 2025 increase in electric rates to 2.63%, reflecting lower expected fuel costs. See "Other Matters" below for additional information on the 2025 rate proceeding.
Previous wording
Large Scale Utility Projects: Large scale generation projects under construction, are shown in the following table. Incurred costs are reflected in "Construction work in progress" for projects under construction on the consolidated balance sheets.
Current wording
Large Scale Utility Projects: Large scale generation projects recently completed or under construction, are shown in the following table. Incurred costs are reflected in "Property, plant, and equipment, net" for projects placed in service, or "Construction work in progress" for projects under construction on the consolidated balance sheets.
Previous wording
MGE received specific approval to recover 100% AFUDC. After tax, MGE recognized $4.0 million and $2.0 million of AFUDC equity through September 30, 2024, on Paris and Darien, respectively, during construction. AFUDC has been excluded from the costs incurred in the table above.
Current wording
MGE received specific approval to recover 100% AFUDC. After tax, MGE recognized $5.1 million, $3.1 million, and $0.5 million of AFUDC equity through March 31, 2025, on Paris, Darien, and Koshkonong, respectively, during construction. AFUDC has been excluded from the costs incurred in the table above.
Previous wording
2023 Annual Fuel Proceeding: MGE had fuel savings in 2023. As of December 31, 2023, MGE had deferred $7.2 million of 2023 fuel savings. The PSCW has completed the annual review of 2023 fuel costs and approved MGE's return of these savings over a three-month period from October 2024 through December 2024. There was no change to the costs to be refunded as a result of the fuel rule proceedings from the amount MGE deferred in 2023.
Current wording
2024 Annual Fuel Proceeding: MGE had fuel savings in 2024. As of December 31, 2024, MGE had deferred $3.0 million of 2024 fuel savings. These costs will be subject to the PSCW's annual review of 2024 fuel costs, expected to be completed during 2025. MGE has proposed to return these savings in October 2025.
Previous wording
Environmental Initiatives: There are proposed legislative rules and initiatives involving matters related to air emissions, water effluent, hazardous materials, and greenhouse gases, all of which affect generation plant capital expenditures and operating costs as well as future operational planning. Legislation and rulemaking addressing climate change and related matters could significantly affect the costs of owning and operating fossil-fueled generating plants. We would expect to seek and receive recovery of any such costs in rates. However, it is difficult to estimate the amount of such costs due to the uncertainty as to the timing and form of any legislation or rules, the timing and effects of any judicial review, and the scope and time of the recovery of costs in rates, which may occur after those costs have been incurred and paid.
Current wording
Environmental Initiatives: There are proposed legislative rules and initiatives involving matters related to air emissions, water effluent, hazardous materials, and greenhouse gases, all of which affect generation plant capital expenditures and operating costs as well as future operational planning. Legislation and rulemaking addressing climate change and related matters could significantly affect the costs of owning and operating fossil-fueled generating plants. MGE would expect to seek and receive recovery of any such costs in rates. However, it is difficult to estimate the amount of such costs due to the uncertainty as to the timing and form of any legislation or rules, the timing and effects of any judicial review, and the scope and time of the recovery of costs in rates, which may occur after those costs have been incurred and paid.
Previous wording
Future Generation – 80% carbon reduction target by 2030 (from 2005 levels): MGE has outlined initiatives to achieve our raised target.
Current wording
Future Generation – 80% carbon reduction target by 2030 (from 2005 levels): MGE has outlined initiatives to achieve our target.
Previous wording
Transitioning away from coal. Columbia: MGE, along with the other plant co-owners, announced plans to retire Columbia Unit 1 and Unit 2. Final timing and retirement dates for Units 1 and 2 continue to be evaluated and depend upon operational, regulatory, capacity needs and availability, and other factors impacting one or more of the Columbia co-owners. MGE has a plan, which it continues to evaluate, to replace the generation from Columbia while maintaining electric service reliability.
Current wording
Transitioning away from coal. Columbia: MGE, along with the other plant co-owners, announced plans to retire Columbia Unit 1 and Unit 2 by the end of 2029. Final timing and retirement dates for Units 1 and 2 are subject to change depending on operational and regulatory considerations, capacity needs, and other factors impacting one or more of the Columbia co-owners. MGE has a plan, which it continues to evaluate, to replace the generation from Columbia while maintaining electric service reliability. In December 2024, MGE and Columbia's co-owners announced plans to explore converting at least one unit of Columbia to natural gas before the end of 2029.
Previous wording
Elm Road Units: MGE, along with the plant co-owners, announced plans to end the use of coal as a primary fuel at the Elm Road Units and transition the plant to natural gas. Transition plans and costs will be subject to PSCW approval. MGE's remaining use of coal is expected to be further reduced as the Elm Road Units transition to natural gas. By the end of 2030, MGE expects coal to be used only as a backup fuel at the Elm Road Units. This transition will help MGE meet its 2030 carbon reduction goals. By the end of 2032, MGE expects that the Elm Road Units will be fully transitioned away from coal, which will eliminate coal as an internal generation source for MGE.
Current wording
Elm Road Units: MGE, along with the plant co-owners, announced plans to end the use of coal as a primary fuel at the Elm Road Units and transition the plant to natural gas. Transition plans and costs will be subject to PSCW approval. MGE's remaining use of coal is expected to be further reduced as the Elm Road Units transition to natural gas. By the end of 2030, coal is expected to be used only as a backup fuel at the Elm Road Units. This transition will help MGE meet its 2030 carbon reduction goals. By the end of 2032, MGE expects that the Elm Road Units will be fully transitioned away from coal, which will eliminate coal as an internal generation source for MGE.
Previous wording
Growing renewable generation. MGE is seeking to acquire, or has acquired, a joint interest in several renewable generation projects. The forecasted capital expenditures include announced projects for 198 MW of solar, 97 MW of battery, and 18 MW of wind. See the 2024-2029 capital expenditures forecast included under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" below for information on those projects.
Current wording
Growing renewable generation. MGE is seeking to acquire, or has acquired, joint interests in several renewable generation projects. The forecasted capital expenditures include approximately 178 MW of solar, 18 MW of wind, which include projects approved or pending PSCW approval. See the 2025-2029 capital expenditures forecast disclosed in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Previous wording
Environmental Initiatives – Natural gas distribution: Building upon our long-standing commitment to providing affordable, sustainable energy, MGE has set a goal to achieve net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas distribution system by 2035. If MGE can accelerate plans to achieve net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas system—through the evolution of new technologies, such as renewable natural gas—it will. MGE is working to reduce overall emissions from its natural gas distribution system cost-effectively. For customers who want to reduce their footprint further, MGE introduced a renewable natural gas program which was made effective starting May 2024 after approval by the PSCW. MGE purchases renewable thermal credits on behalf of customers who voluntarily elect in the program to offset the emissions associated with the customer's monthly natural gas usage.
Current wording
Environmental Initiatives – Natural gas distribution: Building upon our long-standing commitment to providing affordable, sustainable energy, MGE has set a goal to achieve net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas distribution system by 2035. If MGE can accelerate plans to achieve net-zero methane emissions from its natural gas system—through the evolution of new technologies, such as renewable natural gas—it will. MGE is working to reduce overall emissions from its natural gas distribution system in a quick and cost-effective manner. For customers who want to reduce their environmental footprint further, MGE introduced a renewable natural gas program in May 2024, after approval by the PSCW. MGE purchases renewable thermal credits on behalf of customers who voluntarily elect in the program to offset the emissions associated with the customer's monthly natural gas usage.
Previous wording
Sales to the market. Sales to the market typically occur when MGE has more generation and purchases in the MISO market than are needed for its customer demand. The excess electricity is then sold to other utilities or power marketers in the MISO market. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, market volumes increased compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting an increase in sales. However, the cost of capacity sold decreased offsetting the revenue generated from increased sales to the market from excess generation and purchases. The revenue generated from these sales is included in fuel rules costs. See fuel rules discussion in Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
Current wording
Sales to the market. Sales to the market typically occur when MGE has more generation in the MISO market than are needed for its customer demand. The excess electricity is then sold to other utilities or power marketers in the MISO market. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, market volumes increased compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting an increase in sales. Additionally, the cost of capacity sold increased, contributing to the revenue generated from increased sales to the market from excess generation and purchases. The revenue generated from these sales is largely offset in fuel rules costs, and do not have a significant impact on net income. See fuel rules discussion in Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
Previous wording
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2024 rates for retail electric customers by approximately 1.54%. Rates charged to retail customers during the three months ended September 30, 2024, were $2.0 million higher than those charged during the same period in the prior year. See Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information on the rate increase. Any increase in rates associated with fuel or purchase power costs are generally offset in fuel and purchased power costs and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Current wording
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2025 rates for retail electric customers by approximately 2.63%. Rates charged to retail customers during the three months ended March 31, 2025, were $2.4 million higher than those charged during the same period in the prior year. See Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information on the rate increase. Any increase in rates associated with fuel or purchase power costs are generally offset in fuel and purchased power costs and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous wording
Customer fixed and demand charges. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, fixed and demand charges increased $2.3 million primarily attributable to the increase in demand charges for commercial customers.
Current wording
Customer fixed and demand charges. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, fixed and demand charges increased $1.0 million, primarily attributable to the increase in demand charges for commercial customers.
Previous wording
Excluding deferred fuel costs, purchased power decreased $5.9 million. The decrease in purchased power was due to an approximately 22% decrease in market purchases as a result of lower customer sales and increased internal generation. In addition, there was an approximately 1% decrease in average cost. Deferred fuel cost recovered during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $6.5 million compared to $2.5 million in the same period of the prior year.
Current wording
Excluding deferred fuel costs, purchased power decreased $3.0 million in the first quarter of 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year. The decrease in purchased power was due to an approximately 57% decrease in market purchases as a result of lower customer sales and increased internal generation. This decrease was partially offset by an approximately 39% increase in average cost. Deferred fuel cost recovered during the three months ended March 31, 2024, was $2.1 million. There were no deferred fuel costs recovered during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Previous wording
Volume. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, retail gas deliveries decreased approximately 7% compared to the same period in the prior year primarily attributable to unfavorable weather conditions in the first half of 2024.
Current wording
Volume. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, retail gas deliveries increased approximately 19% compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily attributable to unfavorable weather conditions in the first quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2024 rates for retail gas customers by approximately 2.44%.
Current wording
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2025 rates for retail gas customers by approximately 1.32%.
Previous wording
MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the purchased gas adjustment clause (PGA). Under the PGA, MGE is able to pass through to its gas customers the cost of gas. Changes in PGA recoveries affect revenues but do not change net income in view of the pass-through treatment of the costs. Payments for natural gas decreased driving lower rates during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Current wording
MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the purchased gas adjustment clause (PGA). Under the PGA, MGE is able to pass through to its gas customers the cost of gas. Changes in PGA recoveries affect revenues but do not change net income in view of the pass-through treatment of the costs. Payments for natural gas increased, driving higher rates during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Previous wording
The average retail rate per therm excluding customer fixed charges for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, decreased approximately 12% compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting a decrease in natural gas commodity costs (recovered through the PGA).
Current wording
The average retail rate per therm excluding customer fixed charges for the three months ended March 31, 2025, increased approximately 5% compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting an increase in natural gas commodity costs (recovered through the PGA).
Previous wording
Other. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, other gas revenues decreased primarily related to lower residential customer fixed charges. The PSCW approved a reduction in the customer fixed charge component of the residential gas rate in the 2024 rate proceeding.
Current wording
Other. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, other gas revenues decreased primarily related to lower residential customer fixed charges. The PSCW approved a reduction in the customer fixed charge component of the residential gas rate in the 2025 rate proceeding.
Previous wording
Cost of gas sold decreased $27.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. Cost per therm decreased approximately 30% and therms delivered decreased approximately 7%. MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the PGA as described under gas deliveries and revenues above.
Current wording
Cost of gas sold increased $12.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year. Therms delivered increased approximately 18% and cost per therm increased approximately 9%. MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the PGA as described under gas deliveries and revenues above.
Previous wording
During the three months ended September 30, 2024, operations and maintenance expenses increased $3.1 million, compared to the same period in the prior year. The following contributed to the net change:
Current wording
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, operations and maintenance expenses increased $2.6 million, compared to the same period in the prior year. The following contributed to the net change:
Previous wording
Increased transmission costs are primarily a result of an increase in transmission rate and collection of deferred costs from prior years. Transmission costs represent ATC and MISO network transmission expenses authorized to collect in rates. The PSCW has approved MGE to defer as a regulatory asset or liability, the difference between actual costs included in rates and to be recovered or refunded in a future rate proceeding. Transmission cost is generally offset by electric revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Current wording
Increased transmission costs are primarily a result of an increase in transmission rate. Transmission costs represent ATC and MISO network transmission expenses authorized to collect in rates. The PSCW has approved MGE to defer as a regulatory asset or liability, the difference between actual costs included in rates and to be recovered or refunded in a future rate proceeding. Transmission cost is generally offset by electric revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous wording
Electric depreciation expense increased $1.5 million and gas depreciation expense increased $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. Badger Hollow II was placed in service in December 2023. The timing of the in-service dates contributed to the increase in electric depreciation expense.
Current wording
Electric depreciation expense increased $0.9 million and gas depreciation expense increased $0.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year. Paris solar was placed in service in December 2024. The timing of the in-service dates contributed to the increase in electric depreciation expense.
Previous wording
Increased transmission costs are primarily a result of an increase in transmission rate and collection of deferred costs from prior years. Transmission costs represent ATC and MISO network transmission expenses authorized to collect in rates. The PSCW has approved MGE to defer as a regulatory asset or liability, the difference between actual costs included in rates and to be recovered or refunded in a future rate proceeding. Transmission cost is generally offset by electric revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Current wording
Electric other income decreased $1.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily related to pension and other postretirement excluding service costs. Gas other income remained flat during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The PSCW has approved MGE to defer as a regulatory asset or liability, the difference between actual Pension and other postretirement costs included in rates and to be recovered or refunded in a future rate proceeding. Pension and other postretirement cost is generally offset by electric and gas revenue and does not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous wording
The nonregulated energy operations are conducted through MGE Energy's subsidiaries: MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF), which have been formed to own and lease electric generating capacity to assist MGE. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, net income at the nonregulated energy operations segment was $6.1 million and $5.6 million, respectively.
Current wording
The nonregulated energy operations are conducted through MGE Energy's subsidiaries: MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF), which have been formed to own and lease electric generating capacity to assist MGE. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, net income at the nonregulated energy operations segment was $6.0 million and $5.8 million, respectively.
Previous wording
The transmission investment segment holds our interest in ATC and ATC Holdco, and its income reflects our equity in the earnings of those investments. ATC Holdco was formed in December 2016 to pursue transmission development opportunities that typically have long development and investment lead times before becoming operational. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, other income at the transmission investment segment primarily reflects ATC's operations and was $2.9 million and $2.7 million, respectively. In October 2024, FERC issued a ruling eliminating the risk premium in the ROE calculation resulting in a 4-basis point reduction in the base ROE from 10.02% to 9.98%. See Footnote 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for summarized financial information regarding ATC and "Other Matters" below for additional information concerning ATC and FERC ruling on ROE.
Current wording
The transmission investment segment holds our interest in ATC and ATC Holdco, and its income reflects our equity in the earnings of those investments. ATC Holdco was formed in December 2016 to pursue transmission development opportunities that typically have long development and investment lead times before becoming operational. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, other income at the transmission investment segment primarily reflects ATC's operations and was $3.2 million and $2.7 million, respectively. See Footnote 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for summarized financial information regarding ATC.
Previous wording
Noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflects the accounting required for MGE Energy's interest in MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF). MGE Energy owns 100% of MGE Power Elm Road and MGE Power West Campus. They are not owned by MGE. Due to the contractual agreements for these projects with MGE, the entities are considered VIEs with respect to MGE and their results are consolidated with those of MGE, the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. The following table shows MGE Energy's noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflected on MGE's consolidated statement of income:
Current wording
Noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflects the accounting required for MGE Energy's interest in MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF). MGE Energy owns 100% of MGE Power Elm Road and MGE Power West Campus. They are not owned by MGE. Due to the contractual agreements for these projects with MGE, the entities are considered VIEs with respect to MGE and their results are consolidated with those of MGE, the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. The following table shows MGE's noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflected on MGE's consolidated statement of income:
Previous wording
There were no material changes, other than from the normal course of business, to MGE Energy's and MGE's contractual obligations (representing cash obligations that are considered to be firm commitments) and commercial commitments (representing commitments triggered by future events) during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, except as noted below. Further discussion of the contractual obligations and commercial commitments is included in Footnote 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and "Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments for MGE Energy and MGE" under Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Current wording
There were no material changes, other than from the normal course of business, to MGE Energy's and MGE's contractual obligations (representing cash obligations that are considered to be firm commitments) and commercial commitments (representing commitments triggered by future events) during the three months ended March 31, 2025. Further discussion of the contractual obligations and commercial commitments is included in Footnote 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and "Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments for MGE Energy and MGE" under Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Previous wording
MGE Energy and MGE expect to have adequate liquidity to support future operations and capital expenditures over the next twelve months. Available resources include cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows, liquid assets, borrowing working capacity under revolving credit facilities, and access to equity and debt capital markets. In September 2024, MGE Energy began issuing new shares of common stock to participants in our Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan. MGE Energy also expects to generate funds from operations and both long-term and short-term debt financing. See "Credit Facilities" under Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources in the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding MGE Energy's and MGE's credit facilities.
Current wording
MGE Energy and MGE expect to have adequate liquidity to support future operations and capital expenditures over the next twelve months. Available resources include cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows, liquid assets, borrowing working capacity under revolving credit facilities, and access to equity and debt capital markets. During the first quarter of 2025, MGE Energy issued new shares of common stock to participants in our Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Beginning in May 2025, MGE Energy expects to purchase shares in the open market for participants in the Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan. MGE Energy also expects to generate funds from operations and both long-term and short-term debt financing. See "Credit Facilities" under Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources in the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding MGE Energy's and MGE's credit facilities.
Previous wording
The following summarizes cash flows for MGE Energy and MGE during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
Current wording
The following summarizes cash flows for MGE Energy and MGE during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Equity Issuance Plans: In September 2024, MGE Energy began issuing new shares of common stock to participants in our Direct Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Sales to the market. Sales to the market typically occur when MGE has more generation and purchases in the MISO market than are needed for its customer demand. The excess electricity is then sold to other utilities or power marketers in the MISO market. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, market volumes increased compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting an increase in sales. Additionally, an increase in the cost of capacity sold further contributed to the increase in sales. The revenue generated from these sales is included in fuel rules costs. See fuel rules discussion in Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Excluding deferred fuel costs, purchased power decreased $0.5 million. The decrease in purchased power was due to an approximately 10% decrease in average cost. The decrease was partially offset by an approximately 2% increase in market purchases as a result of higher customer sales. Deferred fuel cost recovered during the three months ended September 30, 2024, was $2.4 million compared to $0.8 million in the same period of the prior year.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
MGE recovers the cost of natural gas in its gas segment through the PGA. Under the PGA, MGE is able to pass through to its gas customers the cost of gas. Changes in PGA recoveries affect revenues but do not change net income in view of the pass-through treatment of the costs. Payments for natural gas decreased driving lower rates during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The average retail rate per therm for the three months ended September 30, 2024, decreased approximately 2% compared to the same period in the prior year, reflecting a decrease in natural gas commodity costs (recovered through the PGA).
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Electric other income decreased $4.3 million and gas other income decreased $1.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily related to pension and other postretirement excluding service costs.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The following table compares MGE's electric revenues and electric kWh sales by customer class for each of the periods indicated:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2024 rates for retail electric customers by approximately 1.54%. Rates charged to retail customers during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, were $5.3 million higher than those charged during the same period in the prior year. See Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information on the rate increase. Any increase in rates associated with fuel or purchase power costs are generally offset in fuel and purchased power costs and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Revenue subject to refund. For cost recovery mechanisms, any over-collection of revenues resulting from costs authorized to be collected from customers in rates exceeding actual costs is recorded as a reduction of revenue in the period incurred, as the over-collection is expected to be refunded to customers in a subsequent period. In the year the over-collection is refunded, rates are reduced and offset as revenue subject to refund. There is no net income impact in the year the costs are refunded.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Fuel and purchased power costs are generally offset by electric revenue and do not have a significant impact on net income. MGE expects to seek and receive recovery of fuel and purchased power costs that exceed the fuel rules bandwidth in customer rates. See Footnote 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for further information on the fuel rules bandwidth.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The following table compares MGE's gas revenues and gas therms delivered by customer class for each of the periods indicated:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Rate changes. In December 2023, the PSCW authorized MGE to increase 2024 rates for retail gas customers by approximately 2.44%.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, operations and maintenance expenses increased $11.8 million, compared to the same period in the prior year. The following contributed to the net change:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Electric depreciation expense increased $4.7 million and gas depreciation expense increased $0.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year. MGE purchased West Riverside in March 2023 and Badger Hollow II was placed in service in December 2023. The timing of the in-service dates contributed to the increase in electric depreciation expense.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Electric other income decreased $5.6 million and gas other income decreased $4.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily related to pension and other postretirement excluding service costs.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Nonregulated Energy Operations - MGE Energy and MGE
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The nonregulated energy operations are conducted through MGE Energy's subsidiaries: MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF), which have been formed to own and lease electric generating capacity to assist MGE. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, net income at the nonregulated energy operations segment was $18.0 million and $16.7 million, respectively.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The transmission investment segment holds our interest in ATC and ATC Holdco, and its income reflects our equity in the earnings of those investments. ATC Holdco was formed in December 2016 to pursue transmission development opportunities that typically have long development and investment lead times before becoming operational. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, other income at the transmission investment segment primarily reflects ATC's operations and was $8.4 million and $7.9 million, respectively. In October 2024, FERC issued a ruling eliminating the risk premium in the ROE calculation resulting in a 4-basis point reduction in the base ROE from 10.02% to 9.98%. See Footnote 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for summarized financial information regarding ATC and "Other Matters" below for additional information concerning ATC and FERC ruling on ROE.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Consolidated Income Taxes - MGE Energy and MGE
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
See Footnote 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for the effective tax rate reconciliation.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Noncontrolling Interest, Net of Tax - MGE
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflects the accounting required for MGE Energy's interest in MGE Power Elm Road (the Elm Road Units) and MGE Power West Campus (WCCF). MGE Energy owns 100% of MGE Power Elm Road and MGE Power West Campus. They are not owned by MGE. Due to the contractual agreements for these projects with MGE, the entities are considered VIEs with respect to MGE and their results are consolidated with those of MGE, the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. The following table shows MGE Energy's noncontrolling interest, net of tax, reflected on MGE's consolidated statement of income:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
MGE received PSCW approval to recover 100% AFUDC.
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Estimated costs are expected to exceed PSCW previously approved CA levels. Notifications are provided to the PSCW when costs increase above CA levels. MGE has and will continue to request recovery of the updates in its rate case proceedings.