CBL & ASSOCIATES PROPERTIES INC

Note 8 – Unconsolidated Affiliates and Noncontrolling Interests

Unconsolidated Affiliates

At March 31, 2025, the Company had investments in 23 entities, which are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. All investments in unconsolidated affiliates were similar in nature and the entities all were developing or held and operated real estate assets.

The Company had three unconsolidated affiliates with its ownership interests ranging from 33% to 49%,16 unconsolidated affiliates owned in 50/50 joint ventures and four unconsolidated affiliates with ownership interests of 65%.

Although the Company had majority ownership of certain joint ventures during 2025 and 2024, it evaluated the investments and concluded that the other partners or owners in these joint ventures had substantive participating rights, such as approvals of:

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the pro forma for the development and construction of the project and any material deviations or modifications thereto;

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the site plan and any material deviations or modifications thereto;

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the conceptual design of the project and the initial plans and specifications for the project and any material deviations or modifications thereto;

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any acquisition/construction loans or any permanent financings/refinancings;

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the annual operating budgets and any material deviations or modifications thereto;

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the initial leasing plan and leasing parameters and any material deviations or modifications thereto; and

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any material acquisitions or dispositions with respect to the project.

As a result of the joint control over these joint ventures, the Company accounts for these investments using the equity method of accounting.

2025 Activity - Unconsolidated Affiliates

Alamance Crossing CMBS, LLC

In March 2025, the Company transferred title of the mall to the mortgage holder in satisfaction of the non-recourse debt secured by the property, which had a balance of $41,122.

Port Orange I, LLC

In February 2025, the Company and its joint venture partner exercised the one-year extension option on the loan secured by the Pavilion at Port Orange, which extends the maturity date through February 2026.

York Town Center Holding, LP

In March 2025, the loan secured by York Town Center was extended for six months through September 2025.

Condensed Combined Financial Statements - Unconsolidated Affiliates

Condensed combined financial statement information of the unconsolidated affiliates is as follows:

(1)

The Company's pro rata share of net income was $6,913 and $4,594 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Variable Interest Entities

The Operating Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries are VIEs primarily because the limited partners of these entities do not collectively possess substantive kick-out or participating rights.

The Company consolidates the Operating Partnership because it is the primary beneficiary. The Company, through the Operating Partnership, consolidates all VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary. Generally, a VIE is a legal entity in which the equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or the equity investors lack sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support. A limited partnership is considered a VIE when the majority of the limited partners unrelated to the general partner possess neither the right to remove the general partner without cause, nor certain rights to participate in the decisions that most significantly affect the financial results of the partnership. In determining whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the Company considers qualitative and quantitative factors, including, but not limited to: which activities most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and which party controls such activities; the amount and characteristics of the Company's investment; the obligation or likelihood for the Company or other investors to provide financial support; and the similarity with and significance to the Company's business activities and the business activities of the other investors.

Consolidated VIEs

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had investments in 10 consolidated VIEs with ownership interests ranging from 50% to 92%.

Unconsolidated VIEs

The table below lists the Company's unconsolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2025:

(1)

The Operating Partnership has guaranteed all or a portion of the debt. See Note 12 for more information.

Note 9 – Mortgage and Other Indebtedness, Net

CBL has no indebtedness. Either the Operating Partnership or one of its consolidated subsidiaries that it has a direct or indirect ownership interest in are the borrowers on all the Company's debt. At March 31, 2025, all the Company's consolidated debt is non-recourse.

The Company’s mortgage and other indebtedness, net, consisted of the following:

(1)

Weighted-average interest rate excludes amortization of deferred financing costs.

(2)

The Operating Partnership has an interest rate swap on a notional amount of $32,000 related to the variable portion of the loan to effectively fix the interest rate at 7.3975%.

(3)

In conjunction with the acquisition of the Company's partner's 50% joint venture interests in CoolSprings Galleria, Oak Park Mall and West County Center and the implementation of fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy, the Company estimated the fair value of its mortgage notes with the assistance of a third-party valuation advisor. This resulted in recognizing a debt discount, which is accreted over the term of the respective debt using the effective interest method. The remaining debt discounts at March 31, 2025 will be accreted over a weighted average period of 4.6 years.

Non-recourse loans on operating properties, the open-air centers and outparcels loan and the secured term loan include loans that are secured by properties owned by the Company that have a carrying value of $1,656,555 at March 31, 2025.

2025 Loan Activity

In January 2025, a portion of the proceeds from the sale of Monroeville Mall and the Annex at Monroeville were used to paydown the open-air centers and outparcels loan by $7,107.

In February 2025, a portion of the proceeds from the sale of Imperial Valley Mall were used to paydown the secured term loan principal balance by $41,116.

In March 2025, the loan secured by Cross Creek Mall was modified to extend the maturity date to August 2025. Also, in March 2025, the lender notified the Company that the loan secured by The Outlet Shoppes at Laredo was in default. The Company is in discussions with the lender regarding a loan modification for the loan secured by The Outlet Shoppes at Laredo. Subsequent to March 31, 2025, we exercised the one-year extension option on the loan secured by Fayette Mall. See Note 15.

2024 Loan Activity

In February 2024, the Company redeemed U.S. Treasury securities and used the proceeds to pay off the $15,190 loan secured by Brookfield Square Anchor Redevelopment.

Scheduled Principal Payments

As of March 31, 2025, the scheduled principal amortization and balloon payments of the Company’s consolidated debt, excluding extensions available at the Company’s option, on all mortgage and other indebtedness, are as follows:

(1)

Reflects scheduled principal amortization for the period April 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025.

Of the $940,529 of scheduled principal payments for the remainder of 2025, $917,543 relates to the maturing principal balances of loans secured by four properties and the secured term loan. As of March 31, 2025, the Company has met the extension test to secure a one-year extension on the secured term loan. Subsequent to March 31, 2025, the $108,466 principal loan balance secured by Fayette Mall was extended through May 2026. See Note 15.

Interest Rate Hedge Instruments

The Company records its derivative instruments in its condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the derivative has been designated as a hedge and, if so, whether the hedge has met the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting.

The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as, and that qualify as, cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Such derivatives were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with variable-rate debt.

(1)

Gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings shown in interest expense.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate debt. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $190 will be reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) as a decrease to interest expense.

The Company has an agreement with each derivative counterparty that contains a provision where if the Company either defaults or is capable of being declared in default on any of its indebtedness, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company didnot have any derivatives with a fair value in a net liability position including accrued interest but excluding any adjustment for nonperformance risk. As of March 31, 2025, the Company has posted $1,920 of cash collateral related to the interest rate swap. The Company is not in breach of any agreement provisions.

Note 10 – Segment Information

As discussed in Note 1, the Company owns interests in a portfolio of properties including regional shopping malls, outlet centers, lifestyle centers, open-air centers, office buildings and other properties, including single-tenant and multi-tenant parcels. The Company has identified each property as an operating segment, and each is led by a general manager. Performance and resource allocation is assessed by thechief executive officer (“CEO”), whom the Company has determined to be the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM").

The Company’s reportable segments are malls, lifestyle centers, outlet centers and open-air centers. The CODM evaluates performance and allocates resources on a property-by-property basis aggregated based on property type in accordance with aggregation criteria. The CODM measures performance and allocates resources to each property based on net operating income ("NOI") and certain criteria such as tenant mix, capital requirements, economic risks, leasing terms, and short- and long-term returns on capital. NOI is a supplemental non-GAAP measure of the operating performance of the Company’s shopping centers and other properties. The Company defines NOI as property operating revenues (rental revenues, tenant reimbursements and other income) less property operating expenses (property operating expenditures, real estate taxes and maintenance and repairs) plus property interest and other income. The Company computes NOI based on its pro rata share of both consolidated and unconsolidated properties.

The following is a brief description of the Company’s reportable segments and the remaining operating segments that comprise the All Other category:

Malls – The malls reporting segment consists of enclosed large regional shopping centers, generally anchored by two or more anchors or junior anchors, a wide variety of in-line retail stores, restaurants and non-retail tenants.

Lifestyle centers – The lifestyle center reporting segment consists of large open-air centers, generally anchored by one or more anchors, which can include traditional department store anchors, grocers, or other non-traditional anchors and/or junior anchors, a wide variety of in-line and retail stores, restaurants, and/or non-retail tenants.

Outlet centers – The outlet center reporting segment consists of open-air centers, generally anchored by one or more discount or off-price junior anchors and a wide variety of brand name off-price or discount in-line stores.

Open-air centers – The open-air centers reporting segment is typically anchored by a combination of supermarkets, value-priced stores, big-box retailers or traditional department stores. In many cases, the open-air centers in this category are adjacent to the properties that make up the malls reporting segment.

All Other – The All Other category includes outparcels, office buildings, hotels, corporate-level debt and the Management Company.

Rental income and tenant reimbursements from tenant leases provide the majority of revenues from all segments. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 2 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The below presentation has been recast for the prior-year period to comply with updates to Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 280 required by ASU 2023-07. Information on the Company's reportable segments is presented as follows:

(1)

The All Other category includes outparcels, office buildings, hotels, corporate-level entities and the Management Company.

(2)

Consolidated adjustments represent the elimination of the Company's share of unconsolidated affiliates and the addition of the noncontrolling interests' share to reconcile to the amounts reported in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(3)

Management, development and leasing fees earned by the Management Company are included in the All Other category. See Note 3 for information on the Company’s revenues disaggregated by revenue source.

(4)

Property operating expenses include property operating, real estate taxes and maintenance and repairs, none of which represent significant segment expense.

Note 11 – Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share ("EPS") is calculated under the two-class method. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common stock and participating securities. The Company grants restricted stock awards to certain employees under its share-based compensation program, which entitle recipients to receive nonforfeitable dividends during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of common stock. These unvested restricted stock awards meet the definition of participating securities based on their respective rights to receive nonforfeitable dividends.

Diluted EPS incorporates the potential impact of contingently issuable shares. Diluted EPS is calculated under both the two-class and treasury stock methods, and the more dilutive amount is reported. Performance stock units ("PSUs") and unvested restricted stock awards are contingently issuable common shares and are included in diluted EPS if the effect is dilutive.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share amounts):

(1)

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the computation of diluted EPS does not include contingently issuable shares related to unvested restricted stock awards due to their anti-dilutive nature. Had the contingently issuable shares been dilutive, thedenominator for diluted EPS would have been 30,825,915, including 116,802 contingently issuable shares related to unvested restricted stock awards. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the computation of diluted EPS does not include contingently issuable shares related to unvested restricted stock awards due to their anti-dilutive nature. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, had the contingently issuable shares been dilutive, the denominator for diluted EPS would have been 31,568,257, including 22,536 contingently issuable shares related to unvested restricted stock awards.

Note 12 – Contingencies

The Company is currently involved in litigation that arises in the ordinary course of business, most of which is expected to be covered by liability insurance. Management makes assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters using the latest information available. The Company records a liability for litigation if an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. If an unfavorable outcome is probable and a reasonable estimate of the loss is a range, the Company accrues the best estimate within the range. If no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount, the Company accrues the minimum amount within the range. If an unfavorable outcome is probable but the amount of the loss cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company discloses the nature of the litigation and indicates that an estimate of the loss or range of loss cannot be made. If an unfavorable outcome is reasonably possible and the estimated loss is material, the Company discloses the nature and estimate of the possible loss of the litigation. Based on current expectations, such matters, both individually and in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the liquidity, results of operations, business or financial condition of the Company.

Environmental Contingencies

The Company evaluates potential loss contingencies related to environmental matters using the same criteria described above related to litigation matters. Based on current information, an unfavorable outcome concerning such environmental matters, both individually and in the aggregate, is considered to be reasonably possible. However, the Company believes its maximum potential exposure to loss would not be material to its results of operations or financial condition. The Company has a master insurance policy that provides coverage through 2027 for certain environmental claims up to $40,000 per occurrence and up to $40,000 in the aggregate, subject to deductibles and certain exclusions. At certain locations, individual policies are in place.

Guarantees

The Operating Partnership may guarantee the debt of a joint venture primarily because it allows the joint venture to obtain funding at a lower cost than could be obtained otherwise. This results in a higher return for the joint venture on its investment, and a higher return on the Operating Partnership's investment in the joint venture. The Operating Partnership may receive a fee from the joint venture for providing the guaranty. Additionally, when the Operating Partnership issues a guaranty, the terms of the joint venture agreement typically provide that the Operating Partnership may receive indemnification from the joint venture partner or have the ability to increase its ownership interest. The guarantees expire upon repayment of the debt, unless noted otherwise.

The following table represents the Operating Partnership's guarantees of unconsolidated affiliates' debt as reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company evaluated each guaranty, listed in the table above, by evaluating the debt service ratio, cash flow forecasts and the performance of each loan, where applicable. The result of the analysis was that each loan is current and performing. The Company did not record a credit loss related to the guarantees listed in the table above for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Note 13 – Share-Based Compensation

Restricted Stock Awards

Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards granted under the CBL & Associates Properties, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan ("EIP") was $2,126 and $1,988 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Share-based compensation cost capitalized as part of real estate assets was$30 and $24 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025, there was $11,217 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years. Share-based compensation cost resulting from share-based awards is recorded at the Management Company, which is a taxable entity.

A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2025, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2025, are presented below:

The total grant-date fair value of restricted stock awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $4,087. The total fair value of restricted stock awards that vested during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $4,495.

Performance Stock Unit Awards

Compensation cost for the PSUs granted in February 2023, February 2024 and February 2025 is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period since it is longer than the performance period. The resulting expense is recorded regardless of whether any PSU awards are earned as long as the required service period is met. For the PSUs granted in February 2022, each quarter, management assesses the probability that the measures associated with the Company's outstanding PSU awards will be attained. The Company begins recognizing compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining service period once the PSU award measures are deemed probable of achievement. Share-based compensation expense related to the PSUs granted under the EIP was $1,834 and $1,667 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The unrecognized compensation expense related to the PSUs was $13,235 as of March 31, 2025, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years assuming all PSUs are earned.

A summary of the status of the Company’s outstanding PSU awards as of March 31, 2025, and changes during the three months ended March 31, 2025, are presented below:

(1)

PSUs granted shall be adjusted as if the shares of common stock represented by such PSUs had received any applicable stock or cash dividends declared. For stock dividends, a number of PSUs shall be added to the target amount corresponding to the number of shares of common stock that would have been payable per such stock dividend on the then outstanding number of PSUs under the agreement as if common stock had been issued for such PSUs. For cash dividends, a number of PSUs shall be added to the target amount corresponding to the number of shares of common stock that could have been acquired by the cash dividend payable on the then outstanding number of PSUs under the agreement as if common stock had been issued for such PSUs, and the calculation of the number of shares of common stock that could have been acquired shall be based on the closing price of the common stock on the record date for the cash dividend at issue.

The total grant-date fair value of PSU awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $4,635.

The following table summarizes the assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation pricing model related to the PSUs granted in 2025:

(1)

The value of the 2025 PSU awards is estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The valuation consists of computing the fair value using CBL's simulated stock price as well as TSR over athree-year performance period. The award is modeled as a contingent claim in that the expected return on the underlying shares is risk-free and the rate of discounting the pay off of the award is also risk-free. The weighted-average fair value per share related to the 2025 PSUs consists of 39,094 PSUs at a fair value of $42.50 per share (which relates to the relative TSR) and 91,218 PSUs at a fair value of $32.60 per share (which relates to absolute TSR).

(2)

The risk-free interest rate was based on the yield curve on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities in effect as of the valuation date, which is the grant date listed above.

(3)

The computation of expected volatility for the 2025 PSUs was based on the historical volatility of CBL's shares of common stock for a trading period equal to the time from the grant date to the end of the performance period.

Note 14 – Noncash Investing and Financing Activities

The Company’s noncash investing and financing activities were as follows:

Note 15 – Subsequent Events

In April 2025, the Company redeemed $27,362 in U.S. Treasury securities and purchased $27,361 in new U.S. Treasury securities.

In May 2025, the Company's board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $25,000 of the Company's common stock. The authorized share repurchase program has an expiration date of May 1, 2026.

In May 2025, the Company exercised the one-year extension option on the loan secured by Fayette Mall.

In May 2025, the Company declared a regular cash dividend of $0.40 per common share for the quarter ending June 30, 2025. The dividend is payable on June 30, 2025, to shareholders of record as of June 13, 2025.