ACHIEVE LIFE SCIENCES, INC.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Filed by the Registrant ☒

Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

Check the appropriate box:

(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check all boxes that apply):

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Achieve Life Sciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation, will be held on June 4, 2025, at 9:00 a.m. Pacific time. The Annual Meeting will be a virtual stockholder meeting and you will be able to participate in the 2025 Annual Meeting via live webcast by visitingwww.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ACHV2025. You must enter the control number found on your proxy card, voting instruction form or notice you previously received. You may vote during the Annual Meeting by following the instructions available on the meeting website during the meeting.

The Annual Meeting will be held for the following purposes:

To elect seven directors to serve until our next annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified;

To ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025;

To approve an amendment to our 2023 Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder, as described in Proposal Three; and

To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting.

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 15, 2025 are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting. For at least ten days prior to the Annual Meeting, a complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting will be available for examination by any stockholder, for any purpose relating to the Annual Meeting, during ordinary business hours at our U.S. principal executive offices at 22722 29th Drive SE, Suite 100, Bothell, WA 98021.

By Order of the Board of Directors,

Richard Stewart

Chief Executive Officer

Bothell, Washington

April 28, 2025

Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, we encourage you to vote and submit your proxy by telephone, via the Internet or by mail. For additional instructions on attending virtually, voting by telephone or via the Internet, please refer to the proxy card. To vote and submit your proxy by mail, please complete, sign and date the enclosed proxy card and return it in the enclosed envelope. If you attend the Annual Meeting virtually, you may revoke your proxy and vote at the meeting. If you hold your shares through an account with a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, please follow the instructions you receive from them to vote your shares.

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JUNE 4, 2025

The Company’s Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended

December 31, 2024 are available at ir.achievelifesciences.com.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROXY STATEMENT FOR

2025 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

This proxy statement, or Proxy Statement, is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies on behalf of the board of directors, or Board of Directors or Board, of Achieve Life Sciences, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or the Company or Achieve, for use at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders, or the Annual Meeting, to be held on June 4, 2025, at 9:00 a.m. Pacific time for the purposes set forth in this Proxy Statement and in the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting.

We believe that a virtual stockholder meeting provides greater access to those who may want to attend, and therefore we have chosen that the Annual Meeting be held by virtual meeting. This approach also lowers costs and aligns with our broader sustainability goals. To be admitted virtually to the Annual Meeting atwww.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ACHV2025, you must enter the control number found on your proxy card, voting instruction form or notice you previously received. You may vote during the Annual Meeting by following the instructions available on the meeting website during the Annual Meeting.

This Notice of the Annual Meeting, Proxy Statement, form of proxy and Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 will first be mailed on or about April 28, 2025 to all stockholders entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting.

Voting Rights

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 15, 2025, the record date, are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting and any adjournment or postponement of the Annual Meeting. At the close of business on April 15, 2025, we had 34,685,072 shares of common stock outstanding.

Each stockholder of record is entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held on the record date on all matters. Dissenters’ rights are not applicable to any of the matters being voted on.

Virtual Participation in the Annual Meeting

We will be hosting the Annual Meeting live via Internet webcast. A summary of the information you need to participate in the Annual Meeting online is provided below:

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Any stockholder may listen to the Annual Meeting and participate live via webcast at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ACHV2025. The webcast will begin at 9:00 a.m. Pacific time on June 4, 2025.

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Stockholders may vote and submit questions during the Annual Meeting via live webcast.

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To enter the meeting, please have your control number which is available on your proxy card, voting instructions form or notice. If you do not have your control number, you will be able to listen to the meeting only, you will not be able to vote or submit questions during the meeting.

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Instructions on how to connect to and participate in the Annual Meeting via the Internet, including how to demonstrate proof of stock ownership, are posted atwww.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ACHV2025.

Board Recommendation

Our Board of Directors recommends that you vote:

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FOR each of the nominees for the Board of Directors, who are, Stuart Duty, Thomas B. King, Bridget Martell, Nancy R. Phelan, Kristen Slaoui, Thomas Sellig, and Richard Stewart;

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FOR the ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, or PwC, as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025; and

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FOR the approval of an amendment to our 2023 Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder.

Our directors do not have any substantial interest in any matter to be acted upon except with respect to the nomination of such directors for election to our Board of Directors and to Proposal Three. None of our executive officers have any substantial interest in any matter to be acted upon.

Voting of Proxies

All shares represented by a valid proxy received prior to the Annual Meeting will be voted, and, if you provide specific instructions, your shares will be voted as you instruct. If you sign your proxy card with no further instructions and do not hold your shares beneficially through a broker, bank or other nominee, your shares will be voted FOR each of the nominees for the Board of Directors, FOR the ratification of PwC as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025, FOR the approval of the amendment to our 2023 Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available thereunder, and in the discretion of the proxy holders with respect to any other matters that properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement of the Annual Meeting.

How to Vote Your Shares

YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT. Your shares can be voted at the Annual Meeting only if you are represented by proxy, please take the time to vote your proxy.

Stockholders of record, or “registered stockholders,” can vote by proxy in the following three ways:

If your shares are held beneficially in “street” name through a nominee such as a financial institution, brokerage firm, or other holder of record, your vote is controlled by that institution, firm or holder. Your vote by proxy may also be cast by telephone or via the Internet, as well as by mail, if your financial institution or brokerage firm offers such voting alternatives. Please follow the specific instructions provided by your nominee on your voting instruction card.

Please note, that if your shares are held beneficially through a bank, broker or other nominee and you wish to vote at the Annual Meeting, you must obtain a proxy issued in your name from the record holder. Should you wish to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, you can join at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/ACHV2025.

Revocability of Proxies

You may revoke or change any previously delivered proxy (including a proxy sent to you by someone other than us) at any time before the Annual Meeting by:

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delivering a written notice of revocation to our Secretary at our U.S. principal executive offices at 22722 29 th Drive SE, Suite 100, Bothell, WA 98021;

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delivering a valid proxy bearing a later date or submitting a new later dated proxy; or

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attending the Annual Meeting and voting online, although attendance at the Annual Meeting will not, by itself, revoke a proxy.

If you hold shares in street name through a broker, bank or other nominee, you must contact that bank, broker or other nominee to revoke any prior voting instructions.

If you receive a proxy from someone other than us, see “Stockholder Nominations” below.

Quorum

The presence, virtually or by proxy, of at least a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding on the record date will constitute a quorum. Both abstentions and broker non-votes are counted for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum.

Votes Required to Approve Matters Presented at the Annual Meeting

Our directors are elected by a plurality of the votes properly cast at the Annual Meeting. Approval of Proposal Two and Proposal Three require a majority of the votes properly cast at the Annual Meeting.

Broker Non-Votes

For banks, brokers or other nominee accounts, they are entitled to vote shares held for a beneficial owner on “routine” matters without instructions from the beneficial owner of those shares. For “non-routine” matters, the beneficial owner of such shares is required to provide instructions to the bank, broker or other nominee in order for them to be entitled to vote the shares held for the beneficial owner. If you hold shares beneficially in street name and do not provide your broker or other agent with voting instructions, your shares may constitute “broker non-votes.” A “broker non-vote” occurs when shares held by a broker that are represented at the meeting are not voted with respect to a particular proposal because the broker has not received voting instructions from its client(s) with respect to such shares on how to vote and does not have or did not exercise discretionary authority to vote on the matter. Your broker, fiduciary or custodian will only be able to vote your shares with respect to proposals considered to be “routine.” Your broker, fiduciary or custodian is not entitled to vote your shares with respect to “non-routine” proposals, which we refer to as a “broker non-vote.” Whether a proposal is considered routine or non-routine is subject to stock exchange rules and final determination by the stock exchange. Even with respect to routine matters, some brokers are choosing not to exercise discretionary voting authority. If a stockholder does not return voting instructions to their broker on how to vote their shares of common stock, such broker may be prevented from voting, or may otherwise choose not to vote, such shares held by such broker, resulting in broker non-votes with respect to such shares. To make sure that your vote is counted, you should instruct your broker to vote your shares of common stock, following the procedures provided by your broker.

If you hold your shares in street name, it is critical that you cast your vote if you want it to count on all matters to be decided at the Annual Meeting.

Impact on the Vote of Broker Non-Votes, Abstentions and Withholding from Voting

Broker non-votes, abstentions and withholding from voting are counted for purposes of determining whether or not a quorum exists for the transaction of business at the Annual Meeting. However, broker non-votes, abstentions and withholding from voting, will not be treated as votes cast and, therefore, will have no effect on the outcome of Proposal One (election of our directors), Proposal Two (the ratification of the selection of PwC as our independent public accounting firm), and Proposal Three (approval of the amendment to our 2023 Non-Employee Director Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder).

Solicitation of Proxies

We will bear the cost of soliciting proxies, including preparing, assembling, printing and mailing this Proxy Statement, the proxy card and any additional information furnished to stockholders. Copies of solicitation materials will be furnished to banks, brokerage houses, fiduciaries and custodians holding in their names shares of common stock beneficially owned by others to forward to such beneficial owners. We may reimburse persons representing beneficial owners of common stock for their costs of forwarding solicitation materials to such beneficial owners. Original solicitation of proxies by mail may be supplemented by telephone, telegram, via the Internet or by personal solicitation by our directors, officers or other regular employees. No additional compensation will be paid to these individuals for such services.

Availability of Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K

Our Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 are available at www.sec.gov and on our website at ir.achievelifesciences.com. We have provided to each stockholder of record as of April 15, 2025 a copy of our consolidated financial statements and related information, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. We will mail without charge, upon written request, a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, including the consolidated financial statements, schedules and list of exhibits, and any particular exhibit specifically requested. Requests should be sent to: Achieve Life Sciences, Inc., 22722 29 th Drive SE, Suite 100, Bothell, WA 98021, Attention: Corporate Secretary.