Palmer Square Capital BDC Inc
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 27, 2025.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Feb 27, 2025
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-28.
0001213900-24-017740
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-27.
0000950170-25-028337
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 86 previous paragraphs and 132 current paragraphs.
54 unchanged; 25 reworded; 53 added; 5 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 50 previous and 10 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (53)
Current report
our future operating results;
Current report
our business prospects and the prospects of our portfolio companies;
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changes in political, economic or industry conditions, the interest rate environment or conditions affecting the financial and capital markets, including the liquidity of certain banks;
Current report
uncertainty surrounding the financial and political stability of the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union and China, and the war between Russia and Ukraine;
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the impact of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates on our business and our portfolio companies;
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rising levels of inflation, and its impact on us, on our portfolio companies and on the industries in which we invest;
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the ability of the Investment Advisor to locate suitable investments for us and to monitor and administer our investments;
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the ability of the Investment Advisor and its affiliates to attract and retain highly talented professionals;
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risk associated with possible disruptions in our operations or the economy generally, including a possible slowdown in the economy and risk of recession;
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the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operations of the companies in which we invest;
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the ability of the companies in which we invest to achieve their objectives;
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our ability to continue to effectively manage our business due to the disruptions caused by global political and economic instability;
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the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its effect on the industries in which we invest;
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our ability to maintain our qualification as a BDC and as a RIC under the Code;
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the use of borrowed money to finance a portion of our investments;
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the adequacy, availability and pricing of our financing sources and working capital;
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actual or potential conflicts of interest with the Investment Advisor and its affiliates;
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our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties;
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loss of key personnel, and the illiquid nature of our investments; and
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the risks, uncertainties and other factors we identify under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K.
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interest expense and other costs associated with our indebtedness;
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the cost of calculating our NAV, including the cost of any third-party valuation services;
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the cost of effecting sales and repurchases of shares of our common stock and other securities;
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fees payable to third parties relating to making investments, including our Investment Advisor’s or its affiliates’ travel expenses, research costs and out-of-pocket fees and expenses associated with performing due diligence and reviews of prospective investments;
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transfer agent and custodial fees;
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operating costs incurred prior to the commencement of our operations;
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out-of-pocket fees and expenses associated with marketing efforts;
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federal and state registration fees and any stock exchange listing fees;
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U.S. federal, state and local taxes;
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Independent Directors’ fees and expenses;
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brokerage commissions and markups;
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fidelity bond, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and other insurance premiums;
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direct costs, such as printing, mailing, long distance telephone and staff;
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fees and expenses associated with independent audits and outside legal costs;
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costs associated with our reporting and compliance obligations under the 1940 Act and other applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws; and
Current report
other expenses incurred by the Administrator or us in connection with administering our business, including payments under the Administration Agreement that will be based upon our allocable portion (subject to the review and approval of our Board) of overhead, including rental expenses.
Current report
New CLO equity investments do not have an ascribed interest rate and are therefore excluded from the calculation.
Current report
Variable rate loans bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to either a) LIBOR (which can include one-, two-, three- or six-month LIBOR) or b) the CME Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR” or “S”) (which can include one-, three-, or six-month SOFR), which resets periodically based on the terms of the loan agreement. At the borrower’s option, loans may instead reference an alternate base rate (which can include the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Prime Rate), which also resets periodically based on the terms of the loan agreements. Loans that reference SOFR may include a Credit Spread Adjustment (“CSA”), where the CSA is a defined additional spread amount based on the tenor of SOFR the borrower selects (making the reference rate S+CSA).
Current report
CLO equity securities are considered income producing securities but do not have an ascribed interest rate, and therefore are excluded from the calculation.
Current report
Variable rate loans bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to either a) LIBOR (which can include one-, two-, three- or six-month LIBOR) or b) the CME Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR” or “S”) (which can include one-, three-, or six-month SOFR), which resets periodically based on the terms of the loan agreement. At the borrower’s option, loans may instead reference an alternate base rate (which can include the Federal Funds Effective Rate or the Prime Rate), which also resets periodically based on the terms of the loan agreements. Loans that reference SOFR may include a Credit Spread Adjustment (“CSA”), where the CSA is a defined additional spread amount based on the tenor of SOFR the borrower selects (making the reference rate S+CSA).
Showing the first 40 of 53 passages. Open the source sections for the rest.
Removed paragraphs (5)
Previous report
Net expenses for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $16.9 million, which consisted of $8.6 million in interest and debt financing, $6.4 million in management fees, $2.6 million in other operating expenses, and $75 thousand in directors fees offset by $796 thousand in management fee waiver from the Investment Advisor.
Previous report
During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, we had aggregate capital commitments and undrawn capital commitments from investors as follows:
Previous report
Bank of America Credit Facility
Previous report
Wells Fargo Credit Facility
Previous report
Critical Accounting Policies
Reworded paragraphs (25)
Previous wording
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Current wording
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except as otherwise specified, references to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refer to Palmer Square Capital BDC Inc.
Previous wording
Although we believe that the assumptions on which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove to be inaccurate, and as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions also could be inaccurate. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this annual report on Form 10-K should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans and objectives will be achieved. These risks and uncertainties include those described or identified in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this annual report on Form 10-K. Moreover, we assume no duty and do not undertake to update the forward-looking statements. Because we are a BDC, the forward-looking statements and projections contained in this in this annual report on Form 10-K are excluded from the safe harbor protection provided by Sections 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act.
Current wording
Although we believe that the assumptions on which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove to be inaccurate, and as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions also could be inaccurate. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this annual report on Form 10-K should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans and objectives will be achieved. These risks and uncertainties include those described or identified in the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this annual report on Form 10-K. Moreover, we assume no duty and do not undertake to update the forward-looking statements.
Previous wording
We are a financial services company that primarily lends to and invests in corporate debt securities of companies, including small to large private U.S. companies. We were organized as a Maryland corporation on August 26, 2019 and are structured as an externally managed, non-diversified closed-end management investment company. We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. Beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2020, we have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, and we expect to qualify as a RIC annually.
Current wording
We are a financial services company that primarily lends to and invests in corporate debt securities of companies, including small to large private U.S. companies. We were organized as a Maryland corporation on August 26, 2019 and are structured as an externally managed, non-diversified closed-end management investment company. We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act and, beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2020, we have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, and we expect to qualify as a RIC annually.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2022, our weighted average total yield to maturity of debt and income producing securities at fair value was 11.47%, and our weighted average total yield to maturity of debt and income producing securities at amortized cost was 8.70%.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, our weighted average total yield to maturity of debt and income producing securities at fair value was 10.65%, and our weighted average total yield to maturity of debt and income producing securities at amortized cost was 9.06%.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2022, we had 204 debt and equity investments in 176 portfolio companies with an aggregate fair value of approximately $966.9 million.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had 262 debt and equity investments in 207 portfolio companies with an aggregate fair value of approximately $1.3 billion.
Previous wording
Our investment activity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, is presented below (information presented herein is at par unless otherwise indicated). New investment commitment refers to funded commitments in new securities made during the year that remained outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively.
Current wording
Our investment activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is presented below (information presented herein is at par unless otherwise indicated). New investment commitment refers to long-term funded commitments in new securities made during the year that remained outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Previous wording
For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 total investment income was driven by interest income from our investments. The size of our investment portfolio at fair value increased from $600.1 million as of December 31, 2020 to $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2021, decreased from $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2021 to $966.9 million as of December 31, 2022, and increased from $966.9 million as of December 31, 2022 to $1.0 billion as of December 31, 2023. All debt and short-term investments were income producing, and there were no loans on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2023.
Current wording
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, total investment income was driven by interest income from our investments. The size of our investment portfolio at fair value decreased from $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2021 to $966.9 million as of December 31, 2022, increased from $966.9 million as of December 31, 2022 to $1.0 billion as of December 31, 2023, and increased from $1.0 billion as of December 31, 2023 to $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2024. All debt and short-term investments were income producing, except for two loans on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, loans on non-accrual status represented 0.08% of the total investments at fair value (or 0.46% at amortized cost). There were no loans on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Previous wording
Interest expense increased during the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to increased average interest rates under our BoA Credit Facility and WF Credit Facility. Average debt outstanding decreased from $667.5 million to $629.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Management fees increased due to a higher value of average net assets during the period. Average net assets increased from $416.4 million to $420.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Current wording
Interest expense increased during the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to the average balance of debt increasing under our BoA Credit Facility and WF Credit Facility. Average debt outstanding decreased from $667.5 million to $629.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Management fees increased due to a higher value of average net assets during the period. Average net assets increased from $416.4 million to $420.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Previous wording
The change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 totaled $52.6 million, $(107.4) million, and $(8.5) million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2023, this consisted of net unrealized appreciation of $41.1 million related to existing portfolio investments and net unrealized appreciation of $11.5 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains). For the year ended December 31, 2022, this consisted of net unrealized depreciation of $106.2 million related to existing portfolio investments and net unrealized depreciation of $1.2 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains). For the year ended December 31, 2021, this consisted of net unrealized depreciation of $864 thousand related to existing portfolio investments and unrealized appreciation of $2.7 million related to new portfolio investments, and net unrealized depreciation of $10.4 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains).
Current wording
The change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 totaled $2.8 million, $52.6 million, and $(107.4) million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, this consisted of net unrealized depreciation of $18.6 million related to existing portfolio investments and net unrealized appreciation of $21.4 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains). For the year ended December 31, 2023, this consisted of net unrealized appreciation of $41.1 million related to existing portfolio investments and net unrealized appreciation of $11.5 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains). For the year ended December 31, 2022, this consisted of net unrealized depreciation of $106.2 million related to existing portfolio investments and net unrealized depreciation of $1.2 million related to exited portfolio investments (a portion of which has been reclassified to realized gains).
Previous wording
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we experienced a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $411 thousand. During the period, net cash used in operating activities was $438 million, primarily as a result of fundings of portfolio investments (excluding investments in short-term money market funds) of $926.4 million, partially offset by proceeds received from sale of investments (excluding investments in short-term money market funds) of $406.8 million. We invested in short-term money market funds during the period, and as of the end of the period we held $78.1 million in fair value of short-term money market funds. During the same period, net cash provided by financing activities was $438.4 million, primarily consisting of $256.6 million of net borrowing under the BoA Credit Facility and WF Credit Facility and proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $188.9 million, partially offset by distributions paid in cash of $6.3 million.
Current wording
During the year ended December 31, 2024, we experienced a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $649 thousand. During the period, net cash used in operating activities was $200.6 million, primarily as a result of fundings of portfolio investments (excluding investments in short-term investments) of $773.8 million, partially offset by proceeds received from sale of investments of $468.8 million. We funded short-term investments during the period, and as of the end of the period we held $69.4 million in fair value of short-term investments. During the same period, net cash provided by financing activities was $201.2 million, primarily consisting of $300.0 million in proceeds from the CLO Transaction (as defined below), offset by $137.1 million of net repayments under the BoA Credit Facility and WF Credit Facility and distributions paid in cash of $46.6 million, partially increased by proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $89.7 million.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had $504.0 million principal outstanding under the BoA Credit Facility and $136.3 million principal outstanding under the WF Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2022, we had $514.5 million principal outstanding under the BoA Credit Facility and $126.8 million principal outstanding under the WF Credit Facility.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, we had $172.7 million in undrawn capacity under the BoA Credit Facility and $24.2 million in undrawn capacity under the WF Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2023, we had $221.0 million in undrawn capacity under the BoA Credit Facility and $38.7 million in undrawn capacity under the WF Credit Facility.
Previous wording
As a BDC, we are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include all of our borrowings and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future, of at least 150%. If this ratio declines below 150%, we cannot incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. As of December 31, 2023, our asset coverage ratio was 172%.
Current wording
As a BDC, we are required to meet a coverage ratio of total assets to total borrowings and other senior securities, which include all of our borrowings and any preferred stock that we may issue in the future, of at least 150%. If this ratio declines below 150%, we cannot incur additional debt and could be required to sell a portion of our investments to repay some debt when it is disadvantageous to do so. As of December 31, 2024, our asset coverage ratio was 167%.
Previous wording
During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company issued and sold 2,816,166 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $46.7 million, 1,716,297 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $29.2 million, and 10,007,526 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $206.6 million, respectively. These amounts include shares issued in reinvestment.
Current wording
During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company issued and sold 5,576,363 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $91.7 million, 2,816,166 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $46.7 million, and 1,716,297 shares at an aggregate purchase price of $29.2 million, respectively. These amounts include shares issued in reinvestment.
Previous wording
Under the BoA Credit Facility, which matures on February 18, 2025, the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to PS BDC Funding in an aggregate amount up to the Commitment (as defined in the Credit Agreement) amount. The Commitment amount for the BoA Credit Facility is currently $725 million. The Borrowers’ ability to draw under the BoA Credit Facility is scheduled to terminate on February 11, 2025. All amounts outstanding under the BoA Credit Facility are required to be repaid by February 18, 2025.
Current wording
Under the BoA Credit Facility, the Lenders have agreed to extend credit to PS BDC Funding in an aggregate amount up to the Commitment (as defined in the Credit Agreement) amount. The Commitment amount for the BoA Credit Facility is currently $525 million. The Borrowers’ ability to draw under the BoA Credit Facility is scheduled to terminate on February 11, 2028. All amounts outstanding under the BoA Credit Facility are required to be repaid by February 18, 2028. On March 29, 2024, we entered into a fourth amendment to the BoA Credit Facility to, among other things: (i) extend the facility maturity date from February 18, 2025 to February 18, 2028; (ii) update arrangements for the calculation of the fee on unused commitments from 1.30% to a range from 0.50% to 1.40%, depending on the amount of commitments utilized, and (iii) payment of an extension fee.
Previous wording
PS BDC Funding has pledged all of its assets to BofA N.A., in its capacity as Administrative Agent, to secure its obligations under the BoA Credit Facility. Both the Company and PS BDC Funding have made customary representations and warranties and are required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements, and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. Borrowing under the BoA Credit Facility is subject to the leverage restrictions contained in the 1940 Act and PS BDC Funding complies with 1940 Act provisions relating to affiliated transactions and custody (Section 17, as modified by Section 57, of the 1940 Act). The custodian of the assets pledged to BofA N.A. pursuant to the BoA Credit Facility is U.S. Bank National Administration. The obligations under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Credit Agreement, including in the event of a change of control of PS BDC Funding or if the Investment Advisor ceases to serve as investment adviser to the Company.
Current wording
PS BDC Funding has pledged all of its assets to BofA N.A., in its capacity as Administrative Agent, to secure its obligations under the BoA Credit Facility. Both the Company and PS BDC Funding have made customary representations and warranties and are required to comply with various covenants, reporting requirements, and other customary requirements for similar credit facilities. Borrowing under the BoA Credit Facility is subject to the leverage restrictions contained in the 1940 Act and PS BDC Funding complies with 1940 Act provisions relating to affiliated transactions and custody (Section 17, as modified by Section 57, of the 1940 Act). The custodian of the assets pledged to BofA N.A. pursuant to the BoA Credit Facility is U.S. Bank. The obligations under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Credit Agreement, including in the event of a change of control of PS BDC Funding or if the Investment Advisor ceases to serve as investment adviser to the Company.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $504.0 million principal outstanding and $221.0 million of available Commitments under the BoA Credit Facility, and PS BDC Funding was in compliance with the applicable covenants in the BoA Credit Facility on such date.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had $352.3 million principal outstanding and $172.7 million of available Commitments under the BoA Credit Facility, and PS BDC Funding was in compliance with the applicable covenants in the BoA Credit Facility on such date.
Previous wording
On December 18, 2023, we entered into an amendment to the WF Credit Facility (the “WF Credit Facility Fourth Amendment”) that amends the WF Credit Facility to, among other things: (i) increase the amount available for borrowing under the WF Credit Facility from $150,000,000 to $175,000,000, (ii) extend the facility maturity date from December 18, 2025 to December 18, 2028 and (iii) extend the reinvestment period from December 18, 2023 to December 18, 2026 (subject to other provisions of the WF Credit Facility).
Current wording
On December 18, 2023, we entered into the WF Credit Facility Fourth Amendment, which amends the WF Credit Facility to, among other things: (i) increase the amount available for borrowing under the WF Credit Facility from $150,000,000 to $175,000,000, (ii) extend the facility maturity date from December 18, 2025 to December 18, 2028 and (iii) extend the reinvestment period from December 18, 2023 to December 18, 2026 (subject to other provisions of the WF Credit Facility).
Previous wording
Prior to April 10, 2023 the loans under the WF Credit Facility may have been Broadly Syndicated Loans or Middle Market loansand were eurocurrency rate loans unless such rate was unavailable, in which case the loans were base rate loans until such rate was available. Broadly Syndicated Loans bore interest at the LIBOR or base rate, as applicable, plus 1.85%, and Middle Market Loans bore interest at LIBOR or base rate, as applicable, plus 2.35%. The “base rate” was equal to the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% and (b) the prime rate. On April 10, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the WF Credit Facility that, among other things: (i) transferred and assigned U.S. Bank National Association’s rights and obligations as collateral agent and as a secured party to U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, (ii) referenced SOFR instead of LIBOR and (iii) removed LIBOR transition language.
Current wording
Prior to April 10, 2023, the loans under the WF Credit Facility may have been Broadly Syndicated Loans or Middle Market loans and were eurocurrency rate loans unless such rate was unavailable, in which case the loans were base rate loans until such rate was available. Broadly Syndicated Loans bore interest at the LIBOR or base rate, as applicable, plus 1.85%, and Middle Market Loans bore interest at LIBOR or base rate, as applicable, plus 2.35%. The “base rate” was equal to the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% and (b) the prime rate. On April 10, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the WF Credit Facility that, among other things: (i) transferred and assigned U.S. Bank National Association’s rights and obligations as collateral agent and as a secured party to U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, (ii) referenced SOFR instead of LIBOR and (iii) removed LIBOR transition language.
Previous wording
As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $136.3 million principal outstanding and $38.7 million of available Commitments under the WF Credit Facility, and PS BDC Funding II was in compliance with the applicable covenants in the WF Credit Facility on such date.
Current wording
As of December 31, 2024, we had $150.8 million outstanding and $24.2 million of available Commitments under the WF Credit Facility, and PS BDC Funding II was in compliance with the applicable covenants in the WF Credit Facility on such date.
Previous wording
We have elected to be treated, and intend to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify, as a RIC under the Code. To obtain and maintain RIC tax treatment, among other things, we must distribute dividends to our stockholders in respect of each taxable year of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of our net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains in excess of our net long-term capital losses (“investment company taxable income”), determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid. In order to avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, we currently intend to distribute dividends to our stockholders in respect of each calendar year of an amount at least equal to the sum of: (1) 98% of our net ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for such calendar year; (2) 98.2% of our capital gains in excess of capital losses (“capital gain net income”), adjusted for certain ordinary losses, generally for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year; and (3) any net ordinary income and capital gain net income for preceding years that were not distributed during such years and on which we previously paid no U.S. federal income tax. Under certain applicable provisions of the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations, distributions payable in cash or in shares of stock at the election of the stockholders are treated as taxable dividends. The IRS has published guidance indicating that this rule will apply even where the total amount of cash that may be distributed is limited to no more than 20% of the total distribution. Under this guidance, if too many stockholders elect to receive their distributions in cash, the cash available for distribution must be allocated among the stockholders electing to receive cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). If we decide to make any distributions consistent with this guidance that are payable in part in stock, taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend (whether received in cash, shares of our stock, or a combination thereof) as ordinary income (or as long-term capital gain to the extent such distribution is properly reported as a capital gain dividend) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay tax with respect to such dividends in excess of any cash received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the value of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, the Company may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock.
Current wording
We have elected to be treated, and intend to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify, as a RIC under the Code. To obtain and maintain RIC tax treatment, among other things, we must distribute dividends to our stockholders in respect of each taxable year of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of our net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains in excess of our net long-term capital losses (“investment company taxable income”), determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid. In order to avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, we currently intend to distribute dividends to our stockholders in respect of each calendar year of an amount at least equal to the sum of: (1) 98% of our net ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for such calendar year; (2) 98.2% of our capital gains in excess of capital losses (“capital gain net income”), adjusted for certain ordinary losses, generally for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year; and (3) any net ordinary income and capital gain net income for preceding years that were not distributed during such years and on which we previously paid no U.S. federal income tax. Under certain applicable provisions of the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations, distributions payable in cash or in shares of stock at the election of the stockholders are treated as taxable dividends. The Internal Revenue Service has published guidance indicating that this rule will apply even where the total amount of cash that may be distributed is limited to no more than 20% of the total distribution. Under this guidance, if too many stockholders elect to receive their distributions in cash, the cash available for distribution must be allocated among the stockholders electing to receive cash (with the balance of the distribution paid in stock). If we decide to make any distributions consistent with this guidance that are payable in part in stock, taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend (whether received in cash, shares of our stock, or a combination thereof) as ordinary income (or as long-term capital gain to the extent such distribution is properly reported as a capital gain dividend) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay tax with respect to such dividends in excess of any cash received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the value of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, the Company may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock.
Previous wording
Prior to the IPO, the Board primarily used newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock to implement the dividend reinvestment plan. The number of shares of common stock to be issued to a participant prior to the IPO would be equal to the quotient determined by dividing the cash value of the dividend payable to such stockholder by the net asset value per share as of the date such dividend was declared.
Current wording
Prior to the IPO, the Board primarily used newly-issued shares of our common stock to implement the dividend reinvestment plan. The number of shares of common stock to be issued to a participant prior to the IPO would be equal to the quotient determined by dividing the cash value of the dividend payable to such stockholder by the NAV per share as of the date such dividend was declared.
Previous wording
After the IPO, the Board intends to primarily use newly-issued shares to implement the dividend reinvestment plan, whether or not the shares are trading at a price per share at, below or above net asset value. However, the Board reserves the right to purchase shares in the open market in connection with the implementation of the dividend reinvestment plan. The Board will examine the full facts and circumstances of each such dividend to determine the approach (i.e., to use newly issued shares or effectuate open market purchases to implement the dividend reinvestment plan) that is in the best interests of stockholders taking into account the Board’s fiduciary duties to stockholders, including by weighing the potential dilution in connection with such issuance to be incurred by the Company’s stockholders against the Company’s need and usage of reinvested funds, and, if we use newly issued shares to implement the dividend reinvestment plan at a time when the shares are trading at a price below NAV, the stockholders’ receipt of fewer shares than they would have if we had effectuated open market purchases. The number of newly issued shares to be issued to a participant would be determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the dividend payable to such stockholder by the market price per share of our common stock at the close of regular trading on a national securities exchange on the dividend payment date. Shares purchased in open market transactions by Equiniti, the plan administrator and our transfer agent, registrar, and dividend disbursing agent, will be allocated to a participant based upon the average purchase price, excluding any brokerage charges or other charges, of all shares of our common stock purchased with respect to the dividend.
Current wording
After the IPO, the Board intends to primarily use newly-issued shares to implement the dividend reinvestment plan, whether or not the shares are trading at a price per share at, below or above NAV. However, the Board reserves the right to purchase shares in the open market in connection with the implementation of the dividend reinvestment plan. The Board will examine the full facts and circumstances of each such dividend to determine the approach (i.e., to use newly issued shares or effectuate open market purchases to implement the dividend reinvestment plan) that is in the best interests of stockholders taking into account the Board’s fiduciary duties to stockholders, including by weighing the potential dilution in connection with such issuance to be incurred by our stockholders against our need and usage of reinvested funds, and, if we use newly issued shares to implement the dividend reinvestment plan at a time when the shares are trading at a price below NAV, the stockholders’ receipt of fewer shares than they would have if we had effectuated open market purchases. The number of newly issued shares to be issued to a participant would be determined by dividing the total dollar amount of the dividend payable to such stockholder by the market price per share of our common stock at the close of regular trading on a national securities exchange on the dividend payment date. Shares purchased in open market transactions by Equiniti, the plan administrator and our transfer agent, registrar, and dividend disbursing agent, will be allocated to a participant based upon the average purchase price, excluding any brokerage charges or other charges, of all shares of our common stock purchased with respect to the dividend.
Previous wording
Critical accounting policies are those that require the application of management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and that may change in subsequent periods. The preparation of these financial statements will require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. In addition to the discussion below, we have described our critical accounting policies in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
Current wording
Critical accounting estimates are those that require the application of management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and that may change in subsequent periods. The preparation of these financial statements will require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. In addition to the discussion below, we have described our critical accounting estimates in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.
Previous wording
We have entered into the Advisory Agreement with the Investment Advisor and the Administration Agreement with the Investment Advisor (in such capacity, the Administrator). Mr. Christopher D. Long and Mr. Jeffrey D. Fox, each an executive officer of ours and an interested member of our Board, and Angie K. Long and Scott A. Betz, each an executive officer of ours, have an indirect pecuniary interest in the Investment Advisor. The Investment Advisor is a registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act that is majority-owned by PSCM. See “Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions – Administration Agreement” and “– Investment Advisory Agreement” in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Current wording
We have entered into the Advisory Agreement with the Investment Advisor and the Administration Agreement with the Investment Advisor (in such capacity, the Administrator). Mr. Christopher D. Long and Mr. Jeffrey D. Fox, each an executive officer of ours and an interested member of our Board, and Angie K. Long, Matthew L. Bloomfield and Scott A. Betz, each an executive officer of ours, have an indirect pecuniary interest in the Investment Advisor. The Investment Advisor is a registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act that is majority-owned by PSCM. See “Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions – Administration Agreement” and “– Investment Advisory Agreement” in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Previous wording
Unfunded commitments to provide funds to portfolio companies are not recorded on our consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Our unfunded commitments may be significant from time to time. Unfunded commitments may expire without being drawn upon and the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had fifteen unfunded commitments totaling $20.1 million, and two unfunded commitments totaling $2.6 million, respectively. See “Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies” in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for specific identification of the unfunded commitments. We believe we maintain sufficient liquidity in the form of cash (including restricted cash, if any), receivables and borrowing capacity to fund these unfunded commitments should the need arise. See Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources above.
Current wording
Unfunded commitments to provide funds to portfolio companies are not recorded on our consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Our unfunded commitments may be significant from time to time. Unfunded commitments may expire without being drawn upon and the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had 26 unfunded commitments totaling $21.6 million and 15 unfunded commitments totaling $20.1 million, respectively. See“Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies”in the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for specific identification of the unfunded commitments. We believe we maintain sufficient liquidity in the form of cash (including restricted cash, if any), receivables and borrowing capacity to fund these unfunded commitments should the need arise. See Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources above.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, was as follows:
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
Interest expense increased during the year ended December 31, 2022 as a result of an increase in outstanding debt. Average debt outstanding increased from $477.0 million to $667.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Management fees increased due to a higher value of average net assets during the period. Average net assets increased from $318.5 million to $416.4 million as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2022, respectively.