RENAISSANCERE HOLDINGS LTD

Previous wording

The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2023 compared to 2022, as well as our liquidity and capital resources at December 31, 2023. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this filing. This filing contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from the results described or implied by these forward-looking statements. See “Note on Forward-Looking Statements.” For a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2022 compared to 2021, please refer to the disclosures set forth under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” on pages 50-97 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 8, 2023.

Current wording

The following is a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2024 compared to 2023, as well as our liquidity and capital resources at December 31, 2024. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this filing. This filing contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from the results described or implied by these forward-looking statements. See “Note on Forward-Looking Statements.” For a discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2023 compared to 2022, please refer to the disclosures set forth under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” on pages 51-102 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 21, 2024.

Previous wording

On November 1, 2023, we completed the Validus Acquisition, pursuant to which we acquired Validus Holdings and Validus Specialty. We accounted for the Validus Acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic Business Combinations.

Current wording

On November 1, 2023, we completed the Validus Acquisition, pursuant to which we acquired Validus Holdings and Validus Specialty. We accounted for the Validus Acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.

Previous wording

Our results of operations and financial condition for 2023 include Validus for the period from November 1, 2023 through December 31, 2023. The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2023, compared to 2022, as well as our liquidity and capital resources at December 31, 2023, should be read in that context. In addition, the results of operations for 2023 and financial condition at December 31, 2023 may not be reflective of the ultimate ongoing business of the combined entities.

Current wording

Our results of operations and financial condition include Validus since November 1, 2023. The following discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2024, compared to 2023, should be read in that context.

Previous wording

RenaissanceRe is a global provider of reinsurance and insurance that specializes in matching desirable risk with efficient capital. We provide property, casualty and specialty reinsurance and certain insurance solutions to customers, principally through intermediaries. Established in 1993, we have offices in Bermuda, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Singapore, Switzerland, the U.K., and the U.S. We are one of the world’s leading providers of property, casualty and specialty reinsurance solutions.

Current wording

RenaissanceRe is a global provider of reinsurance and insurance. We provide property, casualty and specialty reinsurance and certain insurance solutions to customers, principally through intermediaries. Established in 1993, we have offices in Bermuda, Australia, Canada, Ireland, Singapore, Switzerland, the U.K., and the U.S.

Previous wording

Our mission is to match desirable risk with efficient capital to achieve our vision of being the best underwriter. We believe that this will allow us to produce superior returns for our shareholders over the long term, and to enable our purpose of protecting communities and enabling prosperity. We seek to accomplish these goals by (i) being a trusted, long-term partner to our customers for assessing and managing risk, (ii) delivering responsive and innovative solutions, (iii) leveraging our core capabilities of risk assessment and information management, (iv) investing in these core capabilities in order to serve our customers across market cycles, and (v) keeping our promises.

Current wording

Our mission is to match desirable risk with efficient capital, and our vision is to be the best underwriter. We believe that this will allow us to produce superior returns for our shareholders over the long term, and enable our purpose to protect communities and enable prosperity. We seek to accomplish these goals by delivering a value proposition composed of leadership, expertise and partnership, through our operation as an integrated system of three competitive advantages: superior risk selection, superior customer relationships and superior capital management.

Previous wording

Our current business strategy focuses predominantly on writing reinsurance. We also write excess and surplus lines insurance through delegated authority arrangements, and typically underwrite insurance risks in portfolio form. Additionally, we pursue a number of other opportunities, such as creating and managing our joint ventures and managed funds, executing customized reinsurance transactions to assume or cede risk, and managing certain strategic investments. We continually explore appropriate and efficient ways to address the risk management needs of our clients and the impact of various regulatory and legislative changes on our operations. From time to time we consider diversification into new ventures, either through organic growth, the formation of new joint ventures or managed funds, or the acquisition of, or the investment in, other companies or books of business of other companies.

Current wording

Our current business strategy focuses predominantly on writing reinsurance. We apply our reinsurance lens of approaching risks as a portfolio to the insurance business that we write, primarily though delegated authority arrangements. Through our Capital Partners unit we create and manage innovative joint ventures and managed funds which provide access to the portfolios our underwriters build. Additionally, we pursue several other opportunities, such as executing customized reinsurance transactions to assume or cede risk, and managing certain strategic investments. We continually explore appropriate and efficient ways to address the risk management needs of our clients and the impact of various regulatory and legislative changes on our operations. From time to time, we consider diversification into new ventures, either through organic growth, the formation of new joint ventures or managed funds, or the acquisition of, or investment in, other companies or books of business of other companies.

Previous wording

Our core products include property, casualty and specialty reinsurance, and certain insurance products, principally distributed through intermediaries with whom we have cultivated strong long-term relationships. Our business consists of the following reportable segments: (1) Property, which is comprised of catastrophe and other property (re)insurance, and (2) Casualty and Specialty, which is comprised of general casualty, professional liability, credit and other specialty (re)insurance. The underwriting results of our consolidated operating subsidiaries and underwriting platforms are included in our Property and Casualty and Specialty segment results as appropriate.

Current wording

Our business consists of the following reportable segments: (1) Property, which is comprised of catastrophe and other property (re)insurance, and (2) Casualty and Specialty, which is comprised of general casualty, professional liability, credit and other specialty (re)insurance. The underwriting results of our consolidated operating subsidiaries and underwriting platforms are included in our Property and Casualty and Specialty segment results as appropriate.

Previous wording

We have three principal drivers of profit that generate diversified earnings streams for our business - underwriting income, fee income, and investment income. Underwriting income is the income that we earn from our core underwriting business. By accepting the volatility that this business brings, we believe that we can generate superior long-term returns and achieve our vision. Fee income is the income that we earn primarily from managing third-party capital in our Capital Partners unit and is composed of management fee income and performance fee income. Investment income is income derived from the investment portfolio that we maintain to support our business. We take a disciplined approach in building a relatively conservative, well-structured investment portfolio with a focus on fixed income investments. Compared to underwriting income, we view fee income, in particular management fee income, and investment income, as relatively stable, less volatile, and capital efficient sources of income.

Current wording

We have three principal drivers of profit that generate diversified earnings streams for our business: underwriting income, fee income, and investment income. Underwriting income is the income that we earn from our core underwriting business. By matching desirable risk with efficient capital and accepting the volatility that this business brings, we believe that we can generate superior returns over the long-term. Fee income is the income that we earn primarily from managing third-party capital in our Capital Partners unit and is composed of management fee income and performance fee income. Investment income is income derived from the investment portfolio that we maintain to support our business. We take a disciplined approach in building a relatively conservative, well-structured investment portfolio, with a focus on fixed income investments. Compared to underwriting income, we view fee income, especially management fee income, and investment income, as being relatively less volatile and as diversifying sources of income.

Previous wording

Our revenues are principally derived from three sources: (1) net premiums earned from the reinsurance and insurance policies we sell; (2) net investment income and net realized and unrealized gains from the investment of our capital funds and the investment of the cash we receive on the policies which we sell; and (3) fees received from our joint ventures, managed funds and structured reinsurance products, which are primarily reflected in redeemable noncontrolling interest or as an offset to acquisition or operating expenses.

Current wording

Our revenues are principally derived from three sources: (1) net premiums earned from the reinsurance and insurance policies we sell; (2) net investment income and net realized and unrealized gains from the investment of our capital funds and the investment of the cash we receive on the policies which we sell; and (3) fees received from our joint ventures, managed funds and structured reinsurance products, which are primarily reflected in redeemable noncontrolling interest or as an offset to acquisition or operational expenses.

Previous wording

Our expenses primarily consist of: (1) net claims and claim expenses incurred on the policies of reinsurance and insurance we sell; (2) acquisition costs, which typically represent a percentage of the premiums we write; (3) operating expenses, which primarily consist of personnel expenses, rent and other expenses; (4) corporate expenses, which include certain executive, legal and consulting expenses, costs for research and development, transaction and integration-related expenses, and other miscellaneous costs, including those associated with operating as a publicly traded company; and (5) interest and dividends related to our debt and preference shares. We are also subject to taxes in certain jurisdictions in which we operate. Historically, the majority of our income has been earned in Bermuda, which did not have a corporate income tax, so the tax impact to our operations has been minimal. However, on December 27, 2023, the Government of Bermuda announced the implementation of a 15% corporate income tax effective January 1, 2025. We expect that this development, along with the implementation of the OECD’s Pillar Two regime in the jurisdictions in which we operate, will increase our income taxes in the future. We believe that the flexible global operating model that we have utilized will continue to prove resilient.

Current wording

Our expenses primarily consist of: (1) net claims and claim expenses incurred on the policies of reinsurance and insurance we sell; (2) acquisition costs, which typically represent a percentage of the premiums we write; (3) operational expenses, which primarily consist of personnel expenses, rent and other expenses; (4) corporate expenses, which include certain executive, legal and consulting expenses, costs for research and development, transaction and integration-related expenses, and other miscellaneous costs, including those associated with operating as a publicly traded company; and (5) interest and dividends related to our debt, preference shares and common shares. We are also subject to taxes in certain jurisdictions in which we operate. Historically, the majority of our income has been earned in Bermuda, which has not had a corporate income tax, so the tax impact to our operations has been minimal. However, on December 27, 2023, the Government of Bermuda announced the implementation of a 15% corporate income tax effective January 1, 2025. As a result, we expect our profits generated on or after January 1, 2025 in Bermuda, except for profits earned by our joint ventures and managed funds, will be subject to the 15% corporate income tax. Furthermore, we generally expect that the profits generated in Bermuda on or after January 1, 2025 by our joint ventures and managed funds, except to the extent those profits are attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests, will also be taxed at 15% as a result of the enactment or expected enactment of provisions similar to the GloBE Rules by many of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We expect that these developments will increase our income taxes in the future. We believe that the flexible global operating model that we have utilized will continue to prove resilient.

Previous wording

We manage DaVinci, Fontana, Medici, and Vermeer, and own all, or a majority, of the voting interests, but own no, or a minority, economic interest of each. As a result of our controlling voting interests, we fully consolidate these entities in our financial statements, even though we do not retain the full value of the economic outcomes generated by these entities. The portions of the economic outcomes that are not retained by us are ultimately allocated to the third-party investors who hold the noncontrolling interests in these entities. The economic outcomes may include underwriting results, investments results, and foreign exchange impacts, among other items. For example, if one of these entities were to generate underwriting losses due to a natural catastrophe, the full amount would be reflected in net income (loss) on our consolidated statements of operations, but ultimately we would only retain a portion of that amount in our net income (loss) attributable to RenaissanceRe. In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations, the portion of these items attributable to third parties is reflected in “Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests” line item. Refer to “Note 10. Noncontrolling Interests” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information regarding our redeemable noncontrolling interests and how this accounting treatment impacts the Company’s financial results.

Current wording

We manage DaVinci, Fontana, Medici, and Vermeer, and own all, or a majority, of the voting interests, but own no, or a minority, economic interest of each. As a result of our controlling voting interests, we fully consolidate these entities in our financial statements, even though we do not retain the full value of the economic outcomes generated by these entities. The portions of the economic outcomes that are not retained by us are ultimately allocated to the third-party investors who hold the noncontrolling interests in these entities. The economic outcomes may include underwriting results, investments results, and foreign exchange impacts, among other items. For example, if one of these entities were to generate underwriting losses due to a natural catastrophe, the full amount would be reflected in net income (loss) on our consolidated statements of operations, but ultimately we would only retain a portion of that amount in our net income (loss) attributable to RenaissanceRe. In our consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations, the portion of these items attributable to third parties is reflected in net (income) loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. Refer to “Note 10. Noncontrolling Interests” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information regarding our redeemable noncontrolling interests and how this accounting treatment impacts our financial results.

Previous wording

General economic inflation has increased over the past few years compared to recent historical norms, and there is a risk of inflation remaining elevated for an extended period, which could cause claims and claims related expenses to increase, impact the performance of our investment portfolio, or have other adverse effects. This risk may have been exacerbated by the impact from the war in Ukraine and global supply chain issues, among other factors. Many central banks have been raising interest rates, which could act as a countervailing force against some of these inflationary pressures. The actual effects of the current and potential future increase in inflation on our results cannot be accurately known until, among other items, claims are ultimately settled. The duration and severity of an inflationary period cannot be estimated with precision. We consider the anticipated effects of inflation on us in our catastrophe loss models and on our investment portfolio. Our estimates of the potential effects of inflation are also considered in pricing and in estimating reserves for unpaid claims and claim expenses. The potential exists, after a catastrophe loss, for the development of inflationary pressures in a local economy.

Current wording

General economic inflation has increased over the past few years compared to recent historical norms, and there is a risk of inflation remaining elevated for an extended period, which could cause claims and claims related expenses to increase, impact the performance of our investment portfolio, or have other adverse effects. This risk may be exacerbated by geopolitical factors and global supply chain issues, among other factors, from time to time. Some central banks have begun to cut interest rates, which could act as a potential supporting force for some of these inflationary pressures, if they have cut rates too soon. The actual effects of the current and potential future increase in inflation on our results cannot be accurately known until, among other items, claims are ultimately settled. The duration and severity of an inflationary period cannot be estimated with precision. We consider the anticipated effects of inflation on us in our catastrophe loss models and on our investment portfolio. Our estimates of the potential effects of inflation are also considered in pricing and in estimating reserves for unpaid claims and claim expenses. The potential exists, after a catastrophe loss, for the development of inflationary pressures in a local economy.

Previous wording

The following tables set forth our selected consolidated financial data and other financial information at the end of and for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2023. The results of Validus and TMR are included in our consolidated financial data from November 1, 2023 and March 22, 2019, respectively. The selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the other information in this “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-K.

Current wording

The following tables set forth our selected consolidated financial data and other financial information at the end of and for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2024. The results of Validus are included in our consolidated financial data from November 1, 2023. The selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the other information in this “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-K.

Previous wording

We believe the most significant accounting judgment made by management is our estimate of claims and claim expense reserves. Claims and claim expense reserves represent estimates, including actuarial and statistical projections at a given point in time, of the ultimate settlement and administration costs for unpaid claims and claim expenses arising from the insurance and reinsurance contracts we sell. Our claims and claim expense reserves are a combination of case reserves, additional case reserves, or ACR, and incurred but not reported losses and incurred but not enough reported losses, collectively referred to as IBNR. Case reserves are losses reported to us by insureds and ceding companies, but which have not yet been paid. If deemed necessary and in certain situations, we establish ACR, which represents our estimates for claims related to specific contracts that we believe may not be adequately estimated by the client as of that date or within the IBNR. We establish IBNR using actuarial techniques and expert judgement to represent the anticipated cost of claims which have not been reported to us yet or where we anticipate increased reporting. Our reserving committee, which includes members of our senior management, reviews, discusses, and assesses the reasonableness and adequacy of the reserving estimates included in our audited consolidated financial statements.

Current wording

We believe the most significant accounting judgment made by management is our estimate of claims and claim expense reserves. Claims and claim expense reserves represent estimates, including actuarial and statistical projections at a given point in time, of the ultimate settlement and administration costs for unpaid claims and claim expenses arising from the insurance and reinsurance contracts we sell. Our reserve for claims and claim expense is a combination of case reserves, ACR, and incurred but not reported losses and incurred but not enough reported losses, collectively referred to as IBNR. Case reserves are losses reported to us by insureds and ceding companies, but which have not yet been paid. If deemed necessary and in certain situations, either we establish, or our clients report, ACR. Client reported ACR represents their estimate of additional contract specific claims in excess of the case reserves they have reported to us. ACR established by us represents our estimates for claims related to specific contracts which we believe may not be adequately estimated by the client as of that date or is not within the IBNR. We establish IBNR using actuarial techniques and expert judgment to represent the anticipated cost of claims which have not been reported to us yet or where we anticipate increased reporting. Our reserving committee, which includes members of our senior management, reviews, discusses, and assesses the reasonableness and adequacy of the reserving estimates included in our audited consolidated financial statements.

Previous wording

The following table summarizes our reserve for claims and claim expenses by segment, allocated between case reserves, additional case reserves and IBNR:

Current wording

The following table summarizes our reserve for claims and claim expenses by segment, allocated between case reserves, ACR and IBNR:

Previous wording

Activity in the liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses is summarized as follows:

Current wording

Activity in the reserve for claims and claim expenses is summarized as follows:

Previous wording

(1)Reflects the impact of the foreign exchange revaluation of the reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, denominated in non-U.S. dollars as at the balance sheet date.

Current wording

(1)Reflects the impact of the foreign exchange revaluation of the reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, denominated in non-U.S. dollars as at the balance sheet date, as well as reinsurance transactions accounted for under retroactive reinsurance accounting.

Previous wording

(2)Represents the fair value of Validus’ reserves for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverables, acquired on November 1, 2023.

Current wording

(2)Represents the fair value of Validus’ reserve for claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance recoverable, acquired on November 1, 2023.

Previous wording

The following table details our prior year development by segment of our liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses:

Current wording

The following table details our prior year net development by segment of our liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses:

Previous wording

Our reserving methodology for each line of business uses a loss reserving process that calculates a point estimate for our ultimate settlement and administration costs for claims and claim expenses. We do not calculate a range of estimates and do not discount any of our reserves for claims and claim expenses. We use this point estimate, along with paid claims and case reserves, to record our best estimate of additional case reserves and IBNR in our consolidated financial statements. Under GAAP, we are not permitted to establish estimates for catastrophe claims and claim expense reserves until an event occurs that gives rise to a loss.

Current wording

Our reserving methodology for each line of business uses a loss reserving process that calculates a point estimate for our ultimate settlement and administration costs for claims and claim expenses. We do not calculate a range of estimates and do not discount any of our reserves for claims and claim expenses. We use this point estimate, along with paid claims and case reserves, to record our best estimate of ACR and IBNR in our consolidated financial statements. Under GAAP, we are not permitted to establish estimates for catastrophe claims and claim expense reserves until an event occurs that gives rise to a loss.

Previous wording

Our initial and subsequent estimates of incurred claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance, are impacted by available information derived from claims information from customers and brokers, industry assessments of losses, proprietary models, historical reinsurance and insurance loss experience and statistics, management’s experience and judgment to assist the establishment of appropriate claims and claim expense reserves, and the terms and conditions of our contracts. As described above, given the complexity in reserving for claims and claims expenses associated with property losses, and catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance contracts in particular, which make up a significant proportion of our Property segment, we have experienced development, both favorable and unfavorable, in any given accident year. For example, net claims and claim expenses associated with the 2019 accident year have experienced favorable development. This is largely driven by reductions in estimated net ultimate claims and claim expenses associated with the 2019 Large Loss Events. In comparison, net claims and claim expenses associated with the 2020 accident year have experienced adverse development. The adverse development was driven by an increase in expected net claims and claim expenses as new and additional claims information was received associated with the 2020 Weather-Related Large Loss Events.

Current wording

Our initial and subsequent estimates of incurred claims and claim expenses, net of reinsurance, are impacted by available information derived from claims information from customers and brokers, industry assessments of losses, proprietary models, historical reinsurance and insurance loss experience and statistics, management’s experience and judgment to assist the establishment of appropriate claims and claim expense reserves, and the terms and conditions of our contracts. As described above, given the complexity in reserving for claims and claims expenses associated with property losses, and catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance contracts in particular, which make up a significant proportion of our Property segment, we have experienced development, both favorable and unfavorable, in any given accident year. For example, net claims and claim expenses associated with the 2022 accident year have experienced favorable development. This is largely driven by reductions in estimated net ultimate claims and claim expenses associated with Hurricane Ian. In comparison, net claims and claim expenses associated with the 2020 accident year have experienced adverse development. The adverse development was driven by an increase in expected net claims and claim expenses as new and additional claims information was received associated with the 2020 Weather-Related Large Loss Events and COVID-19. The COVID-19 adverse development was driven by the legacy Validus portfolio prior to the Validus Acquisition and therefore did not impact our financial results.

Previous wording

In accident years with a low level of insured catastrophe losses, our other property lines of business contribute a greater proportion of our overall incurred claims and claim expenses within our Property segment, compared to years with a high level of insured catastrophe losses. We expect that certain of our other property lines of business will tend to generate less volatility in future calendar years and, as such, we would expect to see a slower more stable increase or decrease in estimated incurred net claims and claim expenses over time in such business. Certain of our other property contracts are also exposed to catastrophe events, resulting in increased volatility of incurred claims and claim expenses driven by the occurrence of catastrophe events. In addition, volatility in the initial estimate associated with large catastrophe losses and the speed at which we settle claims can vary significantly based on the type of event. Losses from the COVID-19 pandemic are uncertain and highly complex, given the unprecedented situation, and will take longer to develop given the nature of the losses, thus potentially adding volatility to our incurred net claims and claim expenses.

Current wording

In accident years with a low level of insured catastrophe losses, our other property lines of business contribute a greater proportion of our overall incurred claims and claim expenses within our Property segment, compared to years with a high level of insured catastrophe losses. We expect that certain of our other property lines of business will tend to generate less volatility in future calendar years and, as such, we would expect to see a slower more stable increase or decrease in estimated incurred net claims and claim expenses over time in such business. Certain of our other property contracts are also exposed to catastrophe events, resulting in increased volatility of incurred claims and claim expenses driven by the occurrence of catastrophe events. In addition, volatility in the initial estimate associated with large catastrophe losses and the speed at which we settle claims can vary significantly based on the type of event.

Previous wording

The table below shows the impact on our reserve for claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 of a reasonable range of possible outcomes associated with our estimates of gross ultimate losses for claims and claim expenses incurred within our Property segment. The reasonable range of possible outcomes is based on a distribution of outcomes of our ultimate incurred claims and claim expenses from large losses. In addition, we adjust the loss ratios and development curves in our other property lines of business in a similar fashion to the sensitivity analysis performed for our Casualty and Specialty segment, discussed in greater detail below. In general, our reserve for claims and claim expenses for more recent losses are subject to greater uncertainty and, therefore, greater variability and are likely to experience material changes from one period to the next. This is due to uncertainty with respect to the size of the industry losses, which contracts have been exposed to the loss and the magnitude of claims incurred by our clients. As our claims age, more information becomes available and we believe our estimates become more certain, although there is no assurance this trend will continue in the future. As a result, the sensitivity analysis below is based on the age of each accident year, our current estimated incurred claims and claim expenses for the losses occurring in each accident year, and a reasonable range of possible outcomes of our current estimates of claims and claim expenses by accident year. The impact on net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity assumes no increase or decrease in reinsurance recoveries, loss related premium or profit commission, or redeemable noncontrolling interest.

Current wording

The table below shows the impact on our reserve for claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 of a reasonable range of possible outcomes associated with our estimates of gross ultimate losses for claims and claim expenses incurred within our Property segment. The reasonable range of possible outcomes is based on a distribution of outcomes of our ultimate incurred claims and claim expenses from large losses. In addition, we adjust the loss ratios and development curves in our other property lines of business in a similar fashion to the sensitivity analysis performed for our Casualty and Specialty segment, discussed in greater detail below. In general, our reserve for claims and claim expenses for more recent losses are subject to greater uncertainty and, therefore, greater variability and are likely to experience material changes from one period to the next.

Previous wording

We believe the changes we made to our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses represent a reasonable range of possible outcomes based on our experience to date and our future expectations. While we believe these are a reasonable range of possible outcomes, we do not believe the above sensitivity analysis should be considered an actuarial reserve range. In addition, the sensitivity analysis only reflects a reasonable range of possible outcomes in our underlying assumptions. It is possible that our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses could be significantly higher or lower than the sensitivity analysis described above. For example, we could be liable for exposures we do not currently believe are covered under our policies. These changes could result in significantly larger changes to our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses, net income and shareholders’ equity than those noted above, and could be recorded across multiple periods. The inflationary outlook is also highly uncertain and could result in larger changes than those depicted above. We continue to monitor the inflationary environment and reflect our view within our best estimate reserves. We also caution that the above sensitivity analysis is not used by management in developing our reserve estimates and is also not used by management in managing the business.

Current wording

We believe the changes we made to our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses represent a reasonable range of possible outcomes based on our experience to date and our future expectations. While we believe these are a reasonable range of possible outcomes, we do not believe the above sensitivity analysis should be considered an actuarial reserve range. In addition, the sensitivity analysis only reflects a reasonable range of possible outcomes in our underlying assumptions. It is possible that our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses could be significantly higher or lower than the sensitivity analysis described above. For example, we could be liable for exposures we do not currently believe are covered under our policies. These changes could result in significantly larger changes to our estimated incurred claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity than those noted above, and could be recorded across multiple periods. The inflationary outlook is also highly uncertain and could result in larger changes than those depicted above. We continue to monitor the inflationary environment and reflect our view within our best estimate reserves. We also caution that the above sensitivity analysis is not used by management in developing our reserve estimates and is also not used by management in managing the business.

Previous wording

The table below shows the impact on our Casualty and Specialty segment reserve for claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, of a reasonable range of possible outcomes associated with a variety of reasonable actuarial assumptions for our estimates of gross ultimate claims and claim expense ratios and loss reporting patterns. The impact on net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity assumes no increase or decrease in reinsurance recoveries, loss related premium or profit commission, or redeemable noncontrolling interest.

Current wording

The table below shows the impact on our Casualty and Specialty segment reserve for claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, of a reasonable range of possible outcomes associated with a variety of reasonable actuarial assumptions for our estimates of gross ultimate claims and claim expense ratios and loss reporting patterns. The impact on net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity assumes no increase or decrease in reinsurance recoveries, loss related premium or profit commission, income tax benefit (expense), or redeemable noncontrolling interest.

Previous wording

We believe that ultimate claims and claim expense ratios 10.0 percentage points above or below our estimated assumptions constitute a reasonable range of possible outcomes based on our experience to date and our future expectations. In addition, we believe that the adjustments we made to speed up or slow down our estimated loss reporting patterns represent a reasonable range of possible outcomes. While we believe these are a reasonable range of possible outcomes, we do not believe the above sensitivity analysis should be considered an actuarial reserve range. In addition, the sensitivity analysis only reflects a reasonable range of possible outcomes in our underlying assumptions. It is possible that our initial estimated claims and claim expense ratios and loss reporting patterns could be significantly different from the sensitivity analysis described above. For example, we could be liable for exposures we do not currently believe are covered under our contracts. These changes could result in significantly larger changes to reserves for claims and claim expenses, net income and shareholders’ equity than those noted above, and could be recorded across multiple periods. The inflationary outlook is also highly uncertain and could result in larger changes than those depicted above. We continue to monitor the inflationary environment and reflect our view within our best estimate reserves. We also caution that the above sensitivity analysis is not used by management in developing our reserve estimates and is also not used by management in managing the business.

Current wording

We believe that ultimate claims and claim expense ratios 10.0 percentage points above or below our estimated assumptions constitute a reasonable range of possible outcomes based on our experience to date and our future expectations. In addition, we believe that the adjustments we made to speed up or slow down our estimated loss reporting patterns represent a reasonable range of possible outcomes. While we believe these are a reasonable range of possible outcomes, we do not believe the above sensitivity analysis should be considered an actuarial reserve range. In addition, the sensitivity analysis only reflects a reasonable range of possible outcomes in our underlying assumptions. It is possible that our initial estimated claims and claim expense ratios and loss reporting patterns could be significantly different from the sensitivity analysis described above. For example, we could be liable for exposures we do not currently believe are covered under our contracts. These changes could result in significantly larger changes to our reserves for claims and claim expenses, net income (loss) and shareholders’ equity than those noted above, and could be recorded across multiple periods. The inflationary outlook is also highly uncertain and could result in larger changes than those depicted above. We continue to monitor the inflationary environment and reflect our view within our best estimate reserves. We also caution that the above sensitivity analysis is not used by management in developing our reserve estimates and is also not used by management in managing the business.

Previous wording

Premiums are recognized as income, net of any applicable reinsurance or retrocessional coverage purchased, over the terms of the related contracts and policies. Premiums written are based on contract and policy terms and include estimates based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies. Subsequent revisions to premium estimates are recorded in the period in which they are determined. Unearned premiums represents the portion of premiums written that relate to the unexpired terms of contracts and policies in force. Amounts are computed by pro rata methods based on statistical data or reports received from ceding companies. Reinstatement premiums are estimated after the occurrence of a loss and are recorded in accordance with the contract terms based upon paid losses and case reserves. Reinstatement premiums are earned when written.

Current wording

Premiums are recognized as income, net of any applicable reinsurance or retrocessional coverage purchased, over the terms of the related contracts and policies. Premiums written are based on contract and policy terms and include estimates based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies. Subsequent revisions to premium estimates are recorded in the period in which they are determined. Unearned premiums represents the portion of premiums written that relate to the unexpired terms of contracts and policies in force. Amounts are computed by pro rata methods based on statistical data or reports received from ceding companies. Reinstatement premiums are estimated after the occurrence of a significant loss and are recorded in accordance with the contract terms based upon paid losses and case reserves. Reinstatement premiums are earned when written.

Previous wording

Due to the nature of reinsurance, ceding companies routinely report and remit premiums to us subsequent to the contract coverage period. Consequently, premiums written and receivable include amounts reported by the ceding companies, supplemented by our estimates of premiums that are written but not reported. The estimation of written premiums may be affected by early cancellation, election of contract provisions for cut-off and return of unearned premiums or other contract disruptions. The time lag involved in the process of reporting premiums is shorter than the lag in reporting losses. In addition to estimating premiums written, we estimate the earned portion of premiums written which is subject to judgment and uncertainty. Any adjustments to written and earned premiums, and the related losses and acquisition expenses, are accounted for as changes in estimates and are reflected in the results of operations in the period in which they are made.

Current wording

Due to the nature of reinsurance, ceding companies routinely report and remit premiums to us subsequent to the contract coverage period. Consequently, premiums written and receivable include amounts reported by the ceding companies, supplemented by our estimates of premiums that are written but not reported. The estimation of written premiums may be affected by early cancellation, election of contract provisions for cut-off and return of unearned premiums or other contract disruptions. The time lag involved in the process of reporting premiums is typically shorter than the lag in reporting losses. In addition to estimating premiums written, we estimate the earned portion of premiums written which is subject to judgment and uncertainty. Any adjustments to written and earned premiums, and the related losses and acquisition expenses, are accounted for as changes in estimates and are reflected in the results of operations in the period in which they are made.

Previous wording

We estimate our provision for current expected credit losses by applying specific percentages against each premiums receivable based on the counterparty’s credit ratings. The percentages applied are based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies and are then adjusted by us based on industry knowledge and our judgment and estimates. We then evaluate the overall adequacy of the provision for current expected credit losses based on other qualitative and judgmental factors. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s premiums receivable balance was $7.3 billion (2022 - $5.1 billion). Of the Company’s premiums receivable balance as of December 31, 2023, the majority are receivables from highly rated counterparties. At December 31, 2023, the Company held a provision for current expected credit losses on its premiums receivable of $3.5 million (2022 - $4.6 million).

Current wording

We estimate our provision for current expected credit losses by applying specific percentages against each premiums receivable based on the counterparty’s credit ratings. The percentages applied are based on information received from both insureds and ceding companies and are then adjusted by us based on industry knowledge and our judgment and estimates. We then evaluate the overall adequacy of the provision for current expected credit losses based on other qualitative and judgmental factors. At December 31, 2024, our premiums receivable balance was $7.3 billion (2023 - $7.3 billion). Of this amount, the majority are receivables from highly rated counterparties. At December 31, 2024, the provision for current expected credit losses on premiums receivable was $4.6 million (2023 - $3.5 million).

Previous wording

The estimate of reinsurance recoverable can be more subjective than estimating the underlying claims and claim expense reserves as discussed under the heading “Claims and Claim Expense Reserves” above. In particular, reinsurance recoverable may be affected by deemed inuring reinsurance, frequency and timing of industry losses reported by various statistical reporting services, loss development, loss buffer tables and various other factors. Reinsurance recoverable on dual trigger reinsurance contracts require us to estimate our ultimate losses applicable to these contracts as well as estimate the ultimate amount of insured industry losses that will be reported by the applicable statistical reporting agency, as per the contract terms. In addition, the level of our additional case reserves and IBNR reserves has a significant impact on reinsurance recoverable. These factors can impact the amount and timing of the reinsurance recoverable to be recorded.

Current wording

The estimate of reinsurance recoverable can be more subjective than estimating the underlying claims and claim expense reserves as discussed under the heading “Claims and Claim Expense Reserves” above. In particular, reinsurance recoverable may be affected by deemed inuring reinsurance, frequency and timing of industry losses reported by various statistical reporting services, loss development, loss buffer tables and various other factors. Reinsurance recoverable on dual trigger reinsurance contracts require us to estimate our ultimate losses applicable to these contracts as well as estimate the ultimate amount of insured industry losses that will be reported by the applicable statistical reporting agency, as per the contract terms. In addition, the level of our ACR and IBNR reserves has a significant impact on reinsurance recoverable. These factors can impact the amount and timing of the reinsurance recoverable to be recorded.

Previous wording

We estimate our provision for current expected credit losses by applying specific percentages against each reinsurance recoverable based on our counterparty’s credit rating. The percentages applied are based on historical industry default statistics developed by major rating agencies and are then adjusted by us based on industry knowledge and our judgment and estimates. We then evaluate the overall adequacy of the provision for current expected credit losses based on other qualitative and judgmental factors. At December 31, 2023, our reinsurance recoverable balance was $5.3 billion (2022 - $4.7 billion). Of this amount, 60.6% is fully collateralized by our reinsurers, 38.5% is recoverable from reinsurers rated A- or higher by major rating agencies and 0.9% is recoverable from reinsurers rated lower than A- by major rating agencies (2022 - 47.2%, 52.0% and 0.8%, respectively). The reinsurers with the three largest balances accounted for 17.6%, 14.3% and 8.7%, respectively, of our reinsurance recoverable balance at December 31, 2023 (2022 - 20.8%, 7.0% and 5.4%, respectively). The provision for current expected credit losses recorded against reinsurance recoverable was $13.3 million at December 31, 2023 (2022 - $12.2 million). The three largest company-specific components of the provision for current expected credit losses represented 10.9%, 10.7% and 8.1%, respectively, of our total provision for current expected credit losses at December 31, 2023 (2022 - 14.3%, 9.1% and 8.0%, respectively).

Current wording

We estimate our provision for current expected credit losses by applying specific percentages against each reinsurance recoverable based on our counterparty’s credit rating. The percentages applied are based on historical industry default statistics developed by major rating agencies and are then adjusted by us based on industry knowledge and our judgment and estimates. We then evaluate the overall adequacy of the provision for current expected credit losses based on other qualitative and judgmental factors. At December 31, 2024, our reinsurance recoverable balance was $4.5 billion (2023 - $5.3 billion). Of this amount, 55.7% is fully collateralized by our reinsurers, 43.2% is recoverable from reinsurers rated A- or higher by major rating agencies and 1.0% is recoverable from reinsurers rated lower than A- by major rating agencies (2023 - 60.6%, 38.5% and 0.9%, respectively). The reinsurers with the three largest balances accounted for 12.6%, 11.0% and 8.3%, respectively, of our reinsurance recoverable balance at December 31, 2024 (2023 - 17.6%, 14.3% and 8.7%, respectively). The provision for current expected credit losses recorded against reinsurance recoverable was $11.7 million at December 31, 2024 (2023 - $13.3 million). The three largest company-specific components of the provision for current expected credit losses represented 23.9%, 7.2% and 5.9%, respectively, of our total provision for current expected credit losses at December 31, 2024 (2023 - 10.9%, 10.7% and 8.1%, respectively).

Previous wording

The use of fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities with resulting unrealized gains or losses is pervasive within our consolidated financial statements. Fair value is defined under accounting guidance currently applicable to us to be the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between open market participants at the measurement date. We recognize the change in unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in fair value in our consolidated statements of operations.

Current wording

The use of fair value to measure certain assets and liabilities with resulting unrealized gains or losses is pervasive within our consolidated financial statements. Fair value is defined under accounting guidance currently applicable to us as the price that would be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between open market participants at the measurement date. We recognize the change in unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in fair value in our consolidated statements of operations.

Previous wording

FASB ASC Topic Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures prescribes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to the respective valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation techniques that use at least one significant input that is unobservable (Level 3).

Current wording

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement prescribes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to the respective valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation techniques that use at least one significant input that is unobservable (Level 3).

Previous wording

In order to determine if a market is active or inactive for a security, we consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the volume of trading activity for the security in question, the price of the security compared to its par value (for fixed maturity investments), and other factors that may be indicative of market activity.

Current wording

In order to determine if a market is active or inactive for a security, we consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the spread between what a seller is asking for a security and what a buyer is bidding for the same security, the volume of trading activity for the security in question, the price of the security compared to its par value (for fixed maturity investments), and other factors that may be indicative of market activity.

Previous wording

At December 31, 2023, we classified $159.8 million and $2.7 million of our assets and liabilities, respectively, at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs (2022 - $170.3 million and $5.3 million, respectively). This represented 0.3% and 0.0% of our total assets and liabilities, respectively (2022 - 0.5% and 0.0%, respectively). Level 3 fair value measurements are based on valuation techniques that use at least one significant input that is unobservable. These measurements are made under circumstances in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. We use valuation models or other pricing techniques that require a variety of inputs including contractual terms, market prices and rates, yield curves, credit curves, measures of volatility including credit spreads and projected cash flows, prepayment rates and correlations of such inputs, some of which may be unobservable, to value these Level 3 assets and liabilities.

Current wording

At December 31, 2024, we classified $45.8 million and $2.4 million of our assets and liabilities, respectively, at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs (2023 - $159.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively). This represented 0.1% and 0.0% of our total assets and liabilities, respectively (2023 - 0.3% and 0.0%, respectively). Level 3 fair value measurements are based on valuation techniques that use at least one significant input that is unobservable. These measurements are made under circumstances in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. We use valuation models or other pricing techniques that require a variety of inputs including contractual terms, market prices and rates, yield curves, credit curves, measures of volatility including credit spreads and projected cash flows, prepayment rates and correlations of such inputs, some of which may be unobservable, to value these Level 3 assets and liabilities.

Previous wording

$210.9 million) and $474.8 million of other intangible assets (2022 - $26.9 million). We have not recorded any impairment charges related to these balances in either of the two years ended December 31, 2023 or 2022. Refer to “Note 3. Acquisition of Validus” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information with respect to goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with the Validus Acquisition. In the future, it is possible we will hold more goodwill and intangible assets, which would increase the degree of judgment and uncertainty embedded in our financial statements, and potentially increase the volatility of our reported results.

Current wording

As at December 31, 2024, excluding the amounts recorded in investments in other ventures, under the equity method, as noted below, our consolidated balance sheets include $300.5 million of goodwill (2023 - $300.5 million) and $403.6 million of other intangible assets (2023 - $474.8 million). Impairment charges related to these balances were $13.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 (2023 - $Nil). Refer to “Note 3. Acquisition of Validus” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information with respect to goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with the Validus Acquisition. In the future, it is possible we will hold more goodwill and intangible assets, which would increase the degree of judgment and uncertainty embedded in our financial statements, and potentially increase the volatility of our reported results.

Previous wording

Investments in which we have significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the investee are classified as investments in other ventures, under equity method, and are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Under this method, we record our proportionate share of income or loss from such investments in our results for the period. Any decline in the value of investments in other ventures, under equity method, including goodwill and other intangible assets arising upon acquisition of the investee, considered by management to be other-than-temporary, is reflected in our consolidated statements of operations in the period in which it is determined. As of December 31, 2023, we had $112.6 million (2022 - $79.8 million) in investments in other ventures, under equity method on our consolidated balance sheets, including $10.8 million of goodwill and $7.3 million of other intangible assets (2022 - $9.9 million and $7.9 million). The carrying value of our investments in other ventures, under equity method, individually or in the aggregate, may, and likely will, differ from the realized value we may ultimately attain, perhaps significantly so.

Current wording

Investments in which we have significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the investee are classified as investments in other ventures, under equity method, and are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Under this method, we record our proportionate share of income or loss from such investments in our results for the period. Any decline in the value of investments in other ventures, under equity method, including goodwill and other intangible assets arising upon acquisition of the investee, considered by management to be other-than-temporary, is reflected in our consolidated statements of operations in the period in which it is determined. As of December 31, 2024, we had $102.8 million (2023 - $112.6 million) in investments in other ventures, under equity method on our consolidated balance sheets, including $8.7 million of goodwill and $0.2 million of other intangible assets (2023 - $10.8 million and $7.3 million). The carrying value of our investments in other ventures, under equity method, individually or in the aggregate, may, and likely will, differ from the realized value we may ultimately attain, perhaps significantly so.

Previous wording

In determining whether an equity method investment is impaired, we take into consideration a variety of factors including the operating and financial performance of the investee, the investee’s future business plans and projections, recent transactions and market valuations of publicly traded companies where available, discussions with the investee’s management, and our intent and ability to hold the investment until it recovers in value. Accordingly, we make assumptions and estimates in assessing whether an impairment has occurred and if, in the future, our assumptions and estimates made in assessing the fair value of these investments change, this could result in a material decrease in the carrying value of these investments. This would cause us to write-down the carrying value of these investments and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period the impairment charge is taken. We do not have any current plans to dispose of these investments, and cannot assure you we will consummate future transactions in which we realize the value at which these holdings are reflected in our financial statements. We have not recorded any other-than-temporary impairment charges related to goodwill and other intangible assets associated with our investments in other ventures, under equity method in either of the two years ended December 31, 2023 or 2022. See “Note 4. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

Current wording

In determining whether an equity method investment is impaired, we take into consideration a variety of factors including the operating and financial performance of the investee, the investee’s future business plans and projections, recent transactions and market valuations of publicly traded companies where available, discussions with the investee’s management, and our intent and ability to hold the investment until it recovers in value. Accordingly, we make assumptions and estimates in assessing whether an impairment has occurred and if, in the future, our assumptions and estimates made in assessing the fair value of these investments change, this could result in a material decrease in the carrying value of these investments. This would cause us to write-down the carrying value of these investments and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period the impairment charge is taken. We do not have any current plans to dispose of these investments, and cannot assure you we will consummate future transactions in which we realize the value at which these holdings are reflected in our financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we recorded a $9.1 million impairment charge associated with our investments in other ventures, under equity method (2023 - $Nil).

Previous wording

Income taxes have been determined in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences between the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. Such temporary differences are primarily due to net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards and GAAP versus tax basis accounting differences relating to unearned premiums, reserves for claims and claim expenses, deferred finance charges, deferred underwriting results, accrued expenses, investments, value of in-force business, VOBA, deferred acquisition expenses, intangible assets, amortization and depreciation. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax laws or tax rates is recognized in income in the period in which the change is enacted. A valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets is recorded if it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the benefits related to deferred tax assets will not be realized. Significant judgments, assumptions and estimates which are inherently subjective are required in determining income tax expense, temporary differences, the deferred tax impact of a change in law, and valuation allowances.

Current wording

Income taxes have been determined in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from temporary differences between the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities. Such temporary differences are primarily due to net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards and GAAP versus tax basis accounting differences relating to unearned premiums, reserves for claims and claim expenses, deferred finance charges, deferred underwriting results, accrued expenses, investments, value of in-force business, VOBA, deferred acquisition expenses, intangible assets, and amortization and depreciation, among others. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax laws or tax rates is recognized in income in the period in which the change is enacted. A valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets is recorded if it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the benefits related to net deferred tax assets will not be realized. Significant judgments, assumptions and estimates which are inherently subjective are required in determining income tax expense, temporary differences, the deferred tax impact of a change in law, and valuation allowances.

Previous wording

At December 31, 2023, our net deferred tax asset (prior to our valuation allowance) and valuation allowance were $864.7 million (2022 - $316.8 million) and $213.3 million (2022 - $193.6 million), respectively. See “Note 15. Taxation” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information. At each balance sheet date, we assess the need to establish a valuation allowance that reduces the net deferred tax asset when it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance assessment is performed separately in each taxable jurisdiction based on all available information including projections of future GAAP taxable income from each tax-paying component in each tax jurisdiction.

Current wording

At December 31, 2024, our net deferred tax asset before valuation allowance and valuation allowance were $822.6 million and $147.1 million, respectively (2023 - $864.7 million and $213.3 million, respectively). See “Note 15. Taxation” in our “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information. At each balance sheet date, we assess the need to establish a valuation allowance that reduces the net deferred tax asset when it is more likely than not that all, or some portion, of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance assessment is performed separately in each taxable jurisdiction based on all available information including projections of future GAAP taxable income from each tax-paying component in each tax jurisdiction.