GLACIER BANCORP INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 25, 2025.
View on SEC.govAbout this filing
A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2024 · Filed Feb 25, 2025
GBCI$48.16-0.8%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2023-12-31; filed 2024-02-23.
0000868671-24-000042
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-25.
0000868671-25-000046
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 226 previous paragraphs and 235 current paragraphs.
169 unchanged; 46 reworded; 20 added; 9 removed; 2 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 32 previous and 35 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (20)
Current report
The Company continued to experience pressure during 2024 from the historic interest rate increases during 2023. While the Company experienced an overall decline in net income during the current year, the increase in the net interest margin for each quarter of 2024 combined with its two acquisitions in 2024 has provided a solid foundation for improved financial performance.
Current report
Net income for the current year was $190 million, a decrease of $32.8 million, or 15 percent, over the prior year net income of $223 million. The decrease in net income during the current year was primarily driven by the significant increase in funding costs, increased operating costs from acquisitions and an $8.6 million increase in acquisition-related expenses. Diluted earnings per share for the year was $1.68, a decrease of 16 percent, from the 2023 diluted earnings per share of $2.01. Net interest income of $705 million for 2024 increased $13.0 million, or 2 percent, over 2023 and was primarily driven by increased interest income which outpaced the increase in interest expense. Non-interest expense of $578 million for 2024 increased $51.1 million, or 10 percent, during the current year and was primarily driven by increased operating expenses from the current year acquisitions and an $8.6 million increase in acquisition-related expenses. The Company’s increase in credit loss expense of $13.5 million during the current year was primarily driven by a $9.7 million provision for credit losses associated with the current year acquisitions.
Current report
The Company's net interest margin for 2024 was 2.77 percent, a 4 basis points increase from the net interest margin of 2.73 percent from 2023, which was primarily driven by the increase in earning asset yields which outpaced the increase in funding cost. The earning asset yield of 4.44 percent for the current year increased 45 basis points over the prior year and the total cost of funding yield of 1.79 percent for the current year increased 44 basis points over the prior year.
Current report
Total cash of $848 million at December 31, 2024 decreased $506 million, or 37 percent, from the prior year end as excess liquidity was used to fund loan growth and pay down certain borrowings. Total debt securities of $7.540 billion at December 31, 2024 decreased $748 million, or 9 percent, from the prior year end. Debt securities represented 27 percent of total assets at December 31, 2024 compared to 30 percent at December 31, 2023.
Current report
The loan portfolio of $17.262 billion at December 31, 2024 increased $1.064 billion, or 7 percent, from the prior year end. Excluding the RMB and Wheatland acquisitions, the loan portfolio increased $342 million, or 2 percent, during 2024. Excluding the acquisitions, the loan category with the largest dollar increase during 2024 was commercial real estate which increased $234 million, or 2 percent, from the prior year end.
Current report
Total deposits of $20.547 billion at December 31, 2024 increased $618 million, or 3 percent, from the prior year end. Excluding the $1.014 billion of deposits from the RMB and Wheatland acquisitions, total deposits decreased $396 million, or 2 percent, from the prior year end and total deposits and repurchase agreements decreased $109 million, or 51 basis points, from the prior year end. Non-interest bearing deposits represented 30 percent of total deposits at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Current report
Tangible stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2024 increased $118 million, or 6 percent, compared to the prior year end and was primarily due to $92.4 million of Company common stock issued for the acquisition of Wheatland and a decrease of $67.9 million in unrealized loss on the available-for-sale securities portfolio. The increase was partially offset by the increase in goodwill and core deposits associated with the acquisitions of Wheatland and RMB. Tangible book value per common share of $18.71 at the current year end increased $0.65 per share, or 4 percent, from the prior year end.
Current report
Total non-interest expense of $578 million for 2024 increased $51.1 million, or 10 percent, over the prior year. Compensation and employee benefits expense of $337 million in 2024 increased $27.9 million, or 9 percent, over the prior year and was primarily driven by annual salary increases, increases in performance-related compensation and the acquisitions of Wheatland and RMB. Regulatory assessments and insurance expense of $24.2 million for 2024 decreased $4.5 million, or 16 percent, over the prior year which was principally due to the prior year $6.0 million expense related to the FDIC special assessment which had subsequent $1.0 million accrual adjustment increases in 2024. Other expenses of $104 million for 2024 increased $17.3 million, or 20 percent, from the prior year and was primarily driven by an increase of $8.6 million of acquisition-related expenses and increased costs from the acquisitions of Wheatland and RMB. The increase was partially offset by gains of $5.1 million from the sale of former branch facilities and disposal of fixed assets.
Current report
The provision for credit loss expense was $28.3 million for 2024, an increase of $13.5 million, or 91 percent, over the prior year and was primarily attributable to $9.7 million from the acquisitions of Wheatland and RMB. Net charge-offs for 2024 were $13.9 million compared to $10.3 million in the prior year.
Current report
Equity securities
Current report
Non-marketable equity securities primarily consist of capital stock issued by the FHLB of Des Moines and are carried at cost less impairment. The Company also has an insignificant amount of equity securities that are included in other assets on the Company’s statements of financial condition.
Current report
Non-marketable equity securities and equity securities without readily determinable fair values are evaluated for impairment whenever events or circumstances suggest the carrying value may not be recoverable. Based on the Company’s evaluation of its investments in non-marketable equity securities and equity securities without readily determinable fair values as of December 31, 2024, the Company determined that none of such securities were impaired.
Current report
The largest category of the Company’s loan portfolio is Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”). An additional breakdown of the Company’s CRE portfolio based on the use of the property follows:
Current report
The following table summarizes the Company’s CRE portfolio by geographic location as of the dates indicated:
Current report
The CRE portfolio is comprised of loans made to purchase, construct and finance commercial real estate properties. On average, the balances are small and geographically disbursed across our eight-state footprint. Specifically, our CRE portfolio has an average loan balance of $778 thousand with an average loan-to-value ratio (“LTV”) of 59% as of December 31, 2024.
Current report
Due to the recent trends in the banking industry, there has been increased risk associated with commercial real estate loans, including with respect to the higher vulnerability of these credits to pressure as interest rates remain elevated and market conditions in many large metropolitan areas continue to show signs of stress. The Company has limited exposure to the office building sector in central business districts as the office portfolio is generally diversified in suburban and rural markets with strong occupancy levels. The Company maintains a practice of regular and ongoing loan reviews, stress tests, and sensitivity analyses to assess the level of risk in the loan portfolio. Loan reviews include monitoring past due rates, non-performing trends, concentrations, LTV’s, among other qualitative factors. Loan policies are robust and are updated as needed to meet the strategic and risk mitigation goals of the company.
Current report
The following table summarizes net (charge-offs) recoveries as a percentage of average loans for the periods indicated:
Current report
Average Balance Sheet - continued
Current report
Net interest income (tax-equivalent) increased $13.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to prior year end. The increase in interest income was primarily attributable to an increase in interest rates with additional benefit from the increase in the loan portfolio, which more than outpaced the increase in interest expense which was primarily driven by an increase in interest rates.
Current report
•FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting
Removed paragraphs (9)
Previous report
The banking industry experienced significant pressures during the current year with historic increases in interest rates during the last eighteen months and three notable bank failures in 2023. These events led to higher cost deposits and customers’ prioritizing the safety of their deposits. The Company was not immune to the impact of these events during 2023 and had the greatest pressure on its deposit costs and the resulting net interest margin. While the Company experienced an overall decline in net income during the year, the Company strategically navigated through the current year, which the Company believes will contribute to its long-term success.
Previous report
The Company had net income for the current year of $223 million, which was a decrease of $80.3 million, or 26 percent, over the prior year net income of $303 million, which was driven by the increase in cost of funds outpacing the increase in interest income. Diluted earnings per share for the year was $2.01, a decrease of 27 percent, from the 2022 diluted earnings per share of $2.74. The Company's net interest margin for 2023 was 2.73 percent, a 54 basis points decrease from the net interest margin of 3.27 percent from 2022, which was primarily driven by the volatile interest rate environment and the higher cost of funds. The Company was successful in controlling costs during the current year with an $8.5 million, or 2 percent, increase in non-interest expense which was primarily driven by a $6.0 million FDIC special assessment and the FDIC uniformly increasing all depository institutions premiums during 2023. Excluding the increase in regulatory assessment and insurance, non-interest expense decreased $7.3 million, or 2 percent, during the current year which was driven by increased operating efficiencies, a decrease in performance related compensation and a decrease in staffing levels.
Previous report
Total debt securities of $8.288 billion at December 31, 2023 decreased $734 million, or 8 percent, from the prior year end. The Company utilized the cash flow from its securities portfolio to primarily fund loan growth and maintain a strong cash position during the year. The Company ended the current year with a strong cash position of $1.354 billion at December 31, 2023, which was an increase of $952 million over the prior year end. Debt securities represented 30 percent of total assets at December 31, 2023, compared to 34 percent at December 31, 2022. The loan portfolio of $16.198 billion increased $951 million, or 6 percent, from the prior year end with the largest dollar increase in commercial real estate loans, which increased $506 million, or 5 percent.
Previous report
During the current year, the Company experienced unprecedented fluctuations in deposit balances and higher deposit rates, primarily due to the volatile and increasing interest rate environment. As a result of the Company’s focus on diversified deposit and repurchase agreements, core deposits and retail repurchase agreements decreased $108 million, or 50 basis points, from the prior year end. Non-interest bearing deposits represented 30 percent of total core deposits at December 31, 2023 compared to 37 percent at December 31, 2022.
Previous report
Tangible stockholders’ equity of $2.003 billion at December 31, 2023 increased $187 million, or 10 percent, from December 31, 2022, which was primarily due to earnings retention and a decrease in net unrealized losses (after-tax) on AFS debt securities. Tangible book value per common share of $18.06 at the current year end increased $1.66 per share, or 10 percent, from the prior year end.
Previous report
Total non-interest expense of $527 million for 2023 increased $8.5 million, or 2 percent, over the same period in the prior year. Compensation and employee benefits expense of $309 million in 2023 decreased $10.3 million, or 3 percent, over the prior year and was driven by a decrease in performance-related compensation including real estate loan commissions. Regulatory assessments and insurance of $28.7 million for 2023 increased $15.8 million, or 123 percent, over the prior year and was primarily due to the $6.0 million FDIC special assessment pursuant to a systemic risk determination and the FDIC uniformly increasing all depository institutions premiums during 2023. Other expenses of $87.0 million for 2023 decreased $530 thousand, or 1 percent, from the prior year and included changes in several miscellaneous categories. Acquisition-related expenses included in other expenses were $1.3 million in 2023 compared to $10.0 million in 2022.
Previous report
The provision for credit loss expense was $14.8 million for 2023, a decrease of $5.2 million, or 26 percent, over the same period in the prior year. The provision for credit loss expense for 2023 included provision for credit loss expense of $20.8 million on the loan portfolio and credit loss benefit of $6.0 million on the unfunded loan commitments. Net charge-offs during 2023 were $10.3 million compared to $7.8 million during 2022.
Previous report
Net interest income (tax-equivalent) increased $128.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The interest income for 2022 increased over the same period last year primarily from the acquisition of Alta, increased volume
Previous report
in commercial loans and investment securities.
Reworded paragraphs (46)
Previous wording
The following discussion is intended to provide a more comprehensive review of the Company’s operating results and financial condition than can be obtained from reading the Consolidated Financial Statements alone. The discussion is expected to provide investors an enhanced view of the Company from management’s perspective. The information includes material information relevant to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, material events and uncertainties that are reasonably likely to cause reported information not to be indicative of future operating results or future financial condition, and material financial and statistical information that the Company believes will enhance the investors’ understanding of the Company and its financial results. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Current wording
The following discussion is intended to provide a more comprehensive review of the Company’s operating results and financial condition from management’s perspective than can be obtained from reading the Consolidated Financial Statements alone. The information includes management’s assessment of material information relevant to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, material events and uncertainties that are reasonably likely to cause reported information not to be indicative of future operating results or financial condition, and material financial and statistical information that the Company believes will enhance the investors’ understanding of the Company and its financial results. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Previous wording
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the Company’s plans, objectives, expectations and intentions that are not historical facts, and other statements identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “should,” “projects,” “seeks,” “estimates” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results (express or implied) or other expectations in the forward-looking statements, including those factors set forth under “Risk Factors” and in other sections in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or the documents incorporated by reference:
Current wording
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the Company’s plans, objectives, expectations and intentions that are not historical facts, and other statements identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “will,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “should,” “projects,” “seeks,” “estimates” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results (express or implied) or other expectations in the forward-looking statements, including those factors set forth under “Risk Factors” and in other sections in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or the documents incorporated by reference:
Previous wording
•legislative or regulatory changes, including increased insurance rates and assessments or increased banking and consumer protection regulations, that may adversely affect the Company’s business;
Current wording
•legislative or regulatory changes, including increased FDIC insurance rates and assessments or increased banking and consumer protection regulations, that may adversely affect the Company’s business and strategies;
Previous wording
•risks related to overall economic conditions, including the impact on the economy of an elevated interest rate environment, inflationary pressures, and geopolitical instability, including the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East;
Current wording
•risks related to overall economic conditions, including the impact on the economy of an uncertain interest rate environment, inflationary pressures, the potential for significant changes in economic policies in the new administration, and geopolitical instability, including the wars in Ukraine and the Middle East;
Previous wording
•risks, costs and other difficulties associated with the Company’s ability to negotiate, complete, and successfully integrate any pending or future acquisitions;
Current wording
•risks associated with the Company’s ability to negotiate, complete, and successfully integrate any pending or future acquisitions;
Previous wording
•material failure, potential interruption or breach in security of the Company’s systems or changes in technologies which could expose the Company to cybersecurity risks, fraud, system failures, or direct liabilities;
Current wording
•material failure, potential interruption or breach in security of the Company’s systems or changes in technology which could expose the Company to cybersecurity risks, fraud, system failures, or direct liabilities;
Previous wording
•success in managing risks involved in the foregoing; and
Current wording
•success in managing risks involved in any of the foregoing; and
Previous wording
The Company ended the year at $27.743 billion in assets, which was a $1.107 billion, or 4 percent, increase over the prior year end and was driven by the increase in the loan portfolio and cash liquidity that more than offset the decrease in debt securities. Loan growth was $951 million, or 6 percent, during 2023 with increases in all loan categories. During the year, the Company focused on its diversified deposit and repurchase agreement product offerings resulting in a slight decline of $108 million, or 50 basis points, during the year. The Company also focused on maintaining a strong liquidity position and ended the current year with available liquidity of $15.0 billion including cash, borrowing capacity, and unpledged securities. Stockholders’ equity increased $177 million, or $1.57 per share, which was the combined result of earnings retention and the decrease in the unrealized loss on AFS debt securities in 2023. The Company declared quarterly dividends totaling $1.32 per share during 2023 and 2022.
Current wording
The Company ended the year at $27.903 billion in assets, which was a $160 million, or 1 percent, increase over the prior year end and was primarily driven by the increase in the loan portfolio which more than offset the decrease in debt securities and interest bearing cash. Loan growth was $1.064 billion, or 7 percent, during 2024 which was driven by both acquisitions and internal loan growth. Total deposits of $20.547 billion increased $618 million, or 3 percent, from the prior year end and was primarily driven by the current year acquisitions. Stockholders’ equity increased $204 million, or $1.19 per share, which was the combined result of earnings retention, $92.4 million of Company common stock issued for an acquisition and the decrease in the unrealized loss on AFS debt securities in 2024. The Company declared quarterly dividends totaling $1.32 per share during 2024 and 2023.
Previous wording
The Company’s credit quality remains strong, ending the current year with $26 million in non-performing assets compared to $33 million at prior year end. Net charge-offs for 2023 remained low at 0.06 percent of loans compared to 0.05 percent of loans during the prior year. The Company also continues to maintain adequate reserves at 1.19 percent of loans at year end 2023 compared to 1.20 percent at the prior year end.
Current wording
The Company’s credit quality remains strong, ending the current year with $27.8 million in non-performing assets compared to $25.6 million at prior year end. Net charge-offs for 2024 remained low at 0.08 percent of loans compared to 0.06 percent of loans during the prior year. The Company also continues to maintain an adequate allowance for credit losses at 1.19 percent of loans at year end 2024 and year end 2023.
Previous wording
During 2023, the Company announced an agreement to acquire Community Financial Group, Inc., the parent company of Wheatland Bank, a leading eastern Washington community bank headquartered in Spokane with total assets of $728 million, total loans of $469 million and total deposits of $623 million as of December 31, 2023. The acquisition was completed on January 31, 2024. For additional information on the acquisition and subsequent event, see Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Current wording
During 2024, the Company acquired Community Financial Group, Inc., the parent company of Wheatland Bank, a leading eastern Washington community bank headquartered in Spokane with total assets of $778 million. In 2024, the Company also acquired six Montana branch locations of the Rocky Mountain Bank division of HTLF Bank with total assets of $403 million. For additional information on the acquisitions, see Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Previous wording
The Company’s liquidity position remains strong with solid core deposit customer relationships, excess cash, debt securities, and access to diversified borrowing sources. At December, 31, 2023, the Company had available liquidity of $15.0 billion including cash, borrowing capacity from the FHLB and Federal Reserve facilities, unpledged securities, brokered deposits, and other sources.
Current wording
Upon maturity in the first quarter of 2024, the Company paid off its $2.740 billion BTFP borrowings with a combination of $2.140 billion in FHLB borrowings and cash. The Company’s liquidity position remains strong with solid core deposit customer relationships, excess cash, debt securities, and access to diversified borrowing sources. At December, 31, 2024, the Company had available liquidity of $14.3 billion including cash, borrowing capacity from the FHLB, unpledged securities, brokered deposits, and other sources.
Previous wording
Net-interest income of $692 million for 2023 decreased $96.7 million, or 12 percent, over 2022 and was primarily driven by increased interest expense. Interest income of $1.018 billion for 2023 increased $188 million, or 23 percent, from the prior year and was primarily attributable to the increase in the loan portfolio and an increase in loan yields. The loan yield was 5.19 percent for 2023, an increase of 53 basis points from the prior year loan yield of 4.66 percent.
Current wording
Net interest income of $705 million for 2024 increased $13.0 million, or 2 percent, over 2023 and was primarily driven by increased interest income which outpaced the increase in interest expense. Interest income of $1.140 billion for 2024 increased $122 million, or 12 percent, from the prior year and was primarily attributable to the increases in the loan yields and the average balance of the loan portfolio. The loan yield was 5.61 percent for 2024, an increase of 42 basis points from the prior year loan yield of 5.19 percent.
Previous wording
Interest expense of $326 million for 2023 increased $285 million, or 690 percent, over the same period in the prior year and was the result of increased borrowings and higher interest rates on borrowings and deposits. Core deposit cost (including non-interest bearing deposits) was 0.77 percent for 2023 compared to 0.07 percent for the prior year. The total funding cost (including non-interest bearing deposits) for 2023 was 1.35 percent, which was an increase of 117 basis points over the prior year funding cost of 0.18 percent.
Current wording
Interest expense of $435 million for 2024 increased $109 million, or 34 percent, over the prior year and was primarily the result of higher interest rates on deposits and an increase in deposit balances. Core deposit cost (including non-interest bearing deposits) was 1.34 percent for 2024 compared to 0.77 percent for the prior year. The total funding cost (including non-interest bearing deposits) for 2024 was 1.79 percent, which was an increase of 44 basis points over the prior year funding cost of 1.35 percent.
Previous wording
The net interest margin as a percentage of earning assets, on a tax-equivalent basis, during 2023 was 2.73 percent, a 54 basis points decrease from the net interest margin of 3.27 percent for the prior year. The core net interest margin, excluding discount accretion, the impact from non-accrual interest and the impact from the Paycheck Protection Program loans, was 2.71 percent for 2023, which was a 49 basis points decrease from the core margin of 3.20 percent in the same period of the prior year. The decline in the margin from the prior year occurred steadily during the current year, before slowing in the fourth quarter, and the Company ended the year with a fourth quarter net interest margin of 2.56 percent.
Current wording
The net interest margin as a percentage of earning assets, on a tax-equivalent basis, during 2024 was 2.77 percent, a 4 basis points increase from the net interest margin of 2.73 percent for the prior year. Excluding the 4 basis points from discount accretion and the 1 basis point from non-accrual interest, the core net interest margin was 2.72 percent in the current year compared to 2.71 percent in the prior year.
Previous wording
Non-interest income of $118 million for 2023 decreased $2.7 million, or 2 percent, over the same period last year and was primarily due to the decrease in gain on sale of residential loans, which was partially offset by the increase in service charges and other fees. Miscellaneous loan fees of $16.9 million, increased $1.6 million for 2023, or 10 percent, which was primarily driven by increased credit card interchange fees due to increased activity. Gain on sale of residential loans of $12.2 million in 2023 decreased by $7.8 million, or 39 percent, over the prior year, primarily as result of a reduction in residential purchase and refinance activities as mortgage rates significantly increased during 2023. Included in the 2023 gain on sale of securities was $1.7 million of gain on the sale of all of the Company’s Visa class B shares.
Current wording
Non-interest income of $128 million for 2024 increased $10.4 million, or 9 percent, over the prior year. Gain on sale of residential loans of $16.9 million for 2024 increased by $4.7 million, or 38 percent, over the prior year, pimarily due to the increase in volume of loans sold. Other income of $14.0 million for 2024 increased $1.7 million, or 14 percent, over the same period last year and was primarily driven by a $1.2 million gain on the sale of repossessed property during the current year. Included in the 2023 gain on sale of securities was $1.7 million of gain on the sale of all of the Company’s Visa class B shares.
Previous wording
The efficiency ratio was 62.85 percent for 2023 compared to 54.64 percent for 2022. The increase from the prior year was primarily attributable to the increase in interest expense in the current year that outpaced the increase in interest income.
Current wording
The efficiency ratio was 66.71 percent for 2024 compared to 62.85 percent for 2023. The increase from the prior year was primarily attributable to increased non-interest expense, including costs associated with the acquisitions of Wheatland and RMB, which outpaced the increase in net interest income.
Previous wording
The Company’s investment securities primarily consist of debt securities classified as either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Non-marketable equity securities consist of capital stock issued by the FHLB of Des Moines.
Current wording
The Company’s investment securities primarily consist of debt securities classified as either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. Non-marketable equity securities primarily consist of capital stock issued by the FHLB of Des Moines.
Previous wording
Debt securities classified as available-for-sale are carried at estimated fair value and debt securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company transferred $2.2 billion of available-for-sale securities with an unrealized net loss of $55.7 million into the held-to-maturity portfolio after determining it had the intent and ability to hold such securities until maturity. Unrealized gains or losses, net of tax, on available-for-sale debt securities are reflected as an adjustment to other comprehensive income. The Company’s debt securities are summarized below:
Current wording
Debt securities classified as available-for-sale are carried at estimated fair value and debt securities classified as held-to-maturity are carried at amortized cost. Unrealized gains or losses, net of tax, on available-for-sale debt securities are reflected as an adjustment to other comprehensive income. The Company’s debt securities are summarized below:
Previous wording
The Company’s lending activities consist of the origination of both construction and permanent loans on residential real estate. The Company actively solicits residential real estate loan applications from real estate brokers, contractors, existing customers, customer referrals, and online applications. The Company’s lending policies generally limit the maximum loan-to-value ratio on residential mortgage loans to 80 percent of the lesser of the appraised value or purchase price. Policies allow for higher loan-to-values with appropriate risk mitigation such as documented compensating factors, credit enhancement, and other factors. For loans held for sale, the Company complies with each investor’s loan-to-value guidelines. The Company also provides interim construction financing for single-family dwellings. These loans are supported by a term take-out commitment that may be subject to certain contingencies.
Current wording
The Company’s residential lending activities consist of the origination of both construction and permanent loans on residential real estate. The Company actively solicits residential real estate loan applications from real estate brokers, contractors, existing customers, customer referrals, and online applications. The Company’s lending policies generally limit the maximum loan-to-value ratio on residential mortgage loans to 80 percent of the lesser of the appraised value or purchase price. Policies allow for higher loan-to-values with appropriate risk mitigation such as documented compensating factors, credit enhancement, and other factors. For loans held for sale, the Company complies with each investor’s loan-to-value guidelines. The Company also provides interim construction financing for single-family dwellings. These loans are supported by a term take-out commitment that may be subject to certain contingencies.
Previous wording
The Company had $479 million and $554 million of loans with remaining interest reserves of $20.7 million and $27.7 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During 2023 and 2022, the Company extended, renewed or modified 7 loans and 5 loans, respectively, with interest reserves. Such loans had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $56.0 million and $16.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had no construction loans with interest reserves that are currently non-performing or that are designated potential problem loans.
Current wording
The Company had $388 million and $479 million of loans with remaining interest reserves of $31.3 million and $20.7 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. During 2024 and 2023, the Company extended, renewed or modified 4 loans and 7 loans, respectively, with interest reserves. Such loans had an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $1.5 million and $56.0 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no construction loans with interest reserves that are currently non-performing or that are designated potential problem loans.
Previous wording
Non-performing assets of $25.6 million at December 31, 2023 decreased $7.1 million, or 22 percent, over the prior year end. Non-performing assets as a percentage of subsidiary assets at December 31, 2023 was 0.09 percent compared to 0.12 percent in the prior year end. Early stage delinquencies (accruing loans 30-89 days past due) of $50.0 million at December 31, 2023 increased $29.0 million from prior year end which primarily occurred during the fourth quarter of 2023. The fourth quarter of 2023 increase included a $13 million loan that was brought current shortly after quarter end. The remaining early stage delinquencies were driven by seasonality and a few isolated loans.
Current wording
Non-performing assets as a percentage of subsidiary assets at December 31, 2024 was 0.10 percent compared to 0.09 percent at the prior year end. Non-performing assets of $27.8 million at December 31, 2024 increased $2.2 million, or 8 percent, over the prior year end. Early stage delinquencies (accruing loans 30-89 days past due) as a percentage of loans at December 31, 2024 were 0.19 percent compared to 0.31 percent for the prior year end. Early stage delinquencies of $32.2 million at December 31, 2024 decreased $17.7 million from the prior year end.
Previous wording
If a loan is modified in response to a borrower’s financial difficulties such modification is known as a modification to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty (“MBFD”), and if the underlying loan is characterized as a loan. Each modified loan is separately negotiated with the borrower and includes terms and conditions that reflect the borrower’s prospective ability to service their obligations as modified. The Company discourages the use of multiple loans when modifying loans regardless of whether or not the loans are designated an MBFD. The Company had MBFD loans of $60.6 million at December 31, 2023. For additional information on MBFDs, see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statement in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Current wording
If a loan is modified in response to a borrower’s financial difficulties such modification is known as a modification to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty (“MBFD”), and if the underlying loan is characterized as a loan. Each modified loan is separately negotiated with the borrower and includes terms and conditions that reflect the borrower’s prospective ability to service their obligations as modified. The Company discourages the use of multiple loans when modifying loans regardless of whether or not the loans are designated an MBFD. The Company had MBFD loans of $55.0 million and $60.6 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For additional information on MBFDs, see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statement in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Previous wording
The book value of loans prior to the acquisition of collateral and transfer of the loans into other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other foreclosed assets during 2023 was $1.7 million. The fair value of the loan collateral acquired in foreclosure during 2023 was $1.6 million. The following table sets forth the changes in OREO for the periods indicated:
Current wording
The book value of loans prior to the acquisition of collateral and transfer of the loans into other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other foreclosed assets during 2024 was $1.2 million. The fair value of the loan collateral acquired in foreclosure during 2024 was $0.9 million. The following table sets forth the changes in OREO for the periods indicated:
Previous wording
The ACL as a percentage of total loans outstanding at December 31 2023 was 1.19 percent which was a 1 basis point decrease from the prior year end. The Company’s ACL of $193 million is considered by management to be adequate to absorb the estimated credit losses from any segment of its loan portfolio based upon management’s best estimate of current expected credit losses within the existing portfolio of loans. Should any of the factors considered by management in making this estimate change, the Company’s estimate of current expected credit losses could also change, which could affect the level of future provision of credit losses related to loans. For the periods ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company believes the ACL is commensurate with the risk in the Company’s loan portfolio and is directionally consistent with the change in the quality of the Company’s loan portfolio. During 2023, provision for credit losses exceeded the charge-offs, net of recoveries, by $10.5 million. During 2022, provision for credit losses exceeded the charge-offs, net of recoveries, by $9.6 million.
Current wording
The ACL as a percentage of total loans outstanding at December 31 2024 was 1.19 percent which was unchanged from the prior year end. The Company’s ACL of $206 million is considered by management to be adequate to absorb the estimated credit losses from any segment of its loan portfolio based upon management’s best estimate of current expected credit losses within the existing portfolio of loans. Should any of the factors considered by management in making this estimate change, the Company’s estimate of current expected credit losses could also change, which could affect the level of future provision for credit losses related to loans. For the periods ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company believes the ACL is commensurate with the risk in the Company’s loan portfolio and is directionally consistent with the change in the quality of the Company’s loan portfolio. During 2024 and 2023, provision for credit losses exceeded the charge-offs, net of recoveries, by $13.3 million and $13.0 million, respectively.
Previous wording
At the end of each quarter, the Company analyzes its loan portfolio and maintains an ACL at a level that is appropriate and determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Determining the adequacy of the ACL involves a high degree of judgment and is inevitably imprecise as the risk of loss is difficult to quantify. The ACL methodology is designed to reasonably estimate the probable credit losses within the Company’s loan portfolio. Accordingly, the ACL is maintained within a range of estimated losses. The determination of the ACL on loans, including credit loss expense and net charge-offs, is a critical accounting estimate that involves management’s judgments about the loan portfolio that impact credit losses, including the credit risk inherent in the loan portfolio, economic forecasts nationally and in the local markets in which the Company operates, trends and changes in collateral values, delinquencies, non-performing assets, net charge-offs, credit-related policies and personnel, and other environmental factors.
Current wording
At the end of each quarter, the Company analyzes its loan portfolio and maintains an ACL at a level that is appropriate and determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Determining the adequacy of the ACL involves a high degree of judgment and is inevitably imprecise as the risk of loss is difficult to quantify. The ACL methodology is designed to reasonably estimate the probable credit losses within the Company’s loan portfolio. Accordingly, the ACL is maintained within a range of estimated losses. The determination of the ACL on loans, including credit loss expense and net charge-offs, is a critical accounting estimate that involves management’s judgments about the loan portfolio that impact credit losses, including the credit risk inherent in the loan portfolio, economic forecasts nationally and in the local markets in which the Company operates, trends and changes in collateral values, delinquencies, non-performing assets, net charge-offs, credit-related policies and personnel, and other factors.
Previous wording
In determining the allowance, the loan portfolio is separated into pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics which are the Company’s loan segments. The Company then derives estimated loss assumptions from its model by loan segment which is further segregated by the credit quality indicators. The loss assumptions are then applied to each segment of loan to estimate the ACL on the pooled loans. For any loans that do not share similar risk characteristics, the estimated credit losses are determined on an individual loan basis and such loans primarily consist of non-accrual loans. An estimated credit loss is recorded on individually reviewed loans when the fair value of a collateral-dependent loan or the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows (discounted at the loans original effective interest rate) is less than the amortized cost of the loan.
Current wording
In determining the allowance, the loan portfolio is separated into pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics which are the Company’s loan segments. The Company then derives estimated loss assumptions from its model by loan segment. The loss assumptions are then applied to each segment of loan to estimate the ACL on the pooled loans. For any loans that do not share similar risk characteristics, the estimated credit losses are determined on an individual loan basis and such loans primarily consist of non-accrual loans. An estimated credit loss is recorded on individually reviewed loans when the fair value of a collateral-dependent loan or the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows (discounted at the loans original effective interest rate) is less than the amortized cost of the loan.
Previous wording
The Company provides commercial banking services to individuals, small to medium-sized businesses, community organizations and public entities from 221 locations, including 187 branches, across Montana, Idaho, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona and Nevada. The states in which the Company operates have diverse economies and markets that are tied to commodities (crops, livestock, minerals, oil and natural gas), tourism, real estate and land development and an assortment of industries, both manufacturing and service-related. Thus, the changes in the global, national, and local economies are not uniform across the Company’s geographic locations. The geographic dispersion of these market areas helps to mitigate the risk of credit loss. The Company’s model of seventeen Bank divisions with separate management teams is also a significant benefit in mitigating and managing the Company’s credit risk. This model provides substantial local oversight to the lending and credit management function and requires multiple reviews of larger loans before credit is extended.
Current wording
The Company provides commercial banking services to individuals, small to medium-sized businesses, community organizations and public entities from 227 locations, including 194 branches, across Montana, Idaho, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona and Nevada. The states in which the Company operates have diverse economies and markets that are tied to commodities (crops, livestock, minerals, oil and natural gas), tourism, real estate and land development and an assortment of industries, both manufacturing and service-related. Thus, the changes in the global, national, and local economies are not uniform across the Company’s geographic locations. The geographic dispersion of these market areas helps to mitigate the risk of credit loss. The Company’s model of seventeen Bank divisions with separate management teams is also a significant benefit in mitigating and managing the Company’s credit risk. This model provides substantial local oversight to the lending and credit management function and requires multiple reviews of larger loans before credit is extended.
Previous wording
Total estimated uninsured deposits were $6.081 billion and $7.234 billion at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The following table summarizes the estimated amounts outstanding at December 31, 2023 for uninsured time deposits according to the time remaining to maturity.
Current wording
Total estimated uninsured deposits were $6.544 billion and $6.081 billion at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The following table summarizes the estimated amounts outstanding at December 31, 2024 for uninsured time deposits according to the time remaining to maturity.
Previous wording
The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines, which is one of eleven banks that comprise the FHLB system. The Bank is required to maintain a certain level of activity-based stock in order to borrow or to engage in other transactions with the FHLB of Des Moines. Additionally, the Bank is subject to a membership capital stock requirement that is based upon an annual calibration tied to the total assets of the Bank. The borrowings are collateralized by eligible categories of loans and debt securities (principally, securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government and its agencies), provided certain standards related to credit-worthiness have been met. Advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own interest rates and range of maturities. The Bank’s maximum amount of FHLB advances is limited to the lesser of a fixed percentage of the Bank’s total assets or the discounted value of eligible collateral. FHLB advances fluctuate to meet seasonal and other withdrawals of deposits and to expand lending or investment opportunities of the Company.
Current wording
The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines, which is one of eleven banks that comprise the FHLB system. The Bank is required to maintain a certain level of activity-based stock in order to borrow or to engage in other transactions with the FHLB of Des Moines. Additionally, the Bank is subject to a membership capital stock requirement that is based upon an annual calculation tied to the total assets of the Bank. The borrowings are collateralized by eligible categories of loans and debt securities (principally, securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government and its agencies), provided certain standards related to credit-worthiness have been met. Advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own interest rates and range of maturities. The Bank’s maximum amount of FHLB advances is limited to the lesser of a fixed percentage of the Bank’s total assets or the discounted value of eligible collateral. FHLB advances fluctuate to meet seasonal and other withdrawals of deposits and to expand lending or investment opportunities of the Company.
Previous wording
During the first quarter of 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) offered a new Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”) for eligible depository institutions. The BTFP offers loans of up to one year in length to institutions pledging collateral eligible for purchase by the FRB in open market operations such as U.S. Treasuries, U.S. Agency securities, and U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities. These assets are valued at par value. During 2023 the Company borrowed $2.740 billion from the BTFP which enabled the Company to pay off higher rate FHLB advances and support its current liquidity position. The $2.740 billion in BTFP borrowings will mature in March of 2024. In anticipation of the maturity of the BTFP borrowings, the Company strategically committed to borrowing $1.800 billion in FHLB borrowings that will mature between March of 2025 and March of 2026 at a weighted rate of 4.75 percent and a FHLB dividend adjusted weighted rate of 4.41 percent. The Company plans to pay off all of the BTFP borrowings at maturity through a combination of the committed FHLB borrowings and additional sources of liquidity.
Current wording
During the first quarter of 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) offered a new Bank Term Funding Program (“BTFP”) for eligible depository institutions. The BTFP offered loans of up to one year in length to institutions pledging collateral eligible for purchase by the FRB in open market operations such as U.S. Treasuries, U.S. Agency securities, and U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities. These assets were valued at par value. During 2023 the Company borrowed $2.740 billion from the BTFP which enabled the Company to pay off higher rate FHLB advances and support its liquidity position at that time. In the first quarter of 2024, the Company paid off all of the BTFP borrowings through a combination of the FHLB borrowings, cash, and additional sources of liquidity.
Previous wording
Additionally, the Company has other sources of secured and unsecured borrowing lines from various sources that may be used from time to time.
Current wording
Additionally, the Company has other sources of secured and unsecured borrowing lines from various sources that may be used from time to time. For additional information concerning the Company’s borrowings, see Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
Previous wording
A critical component of the Company’s liquidity and capital resources is access to short-term borrowings to fund its operations. Short-term borrowings are accompanied by increased risks managed by the Bank’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) such as rate increases or unfavorable changes in terms which would make it more costly to obtain future short-term borrowings. The Company’s short-term borrowing sources include FHLB advances, BTFP, federal funds purchased and retail and wholesale repurchase agreements. The Company also has access to the short-term discount window borrowing programs (i.e., primary credit) of the FRB as well as a line of credit with a large national banking institution. FHLB advances and certain other short-term borrowings may be renewed as long-term borrowings to decrease certain risks such as liquidity or interest rate risk; however, the reduction in risks are weighed against the increased cost of funds and other risks.
Current wording
A critical component of the Company’s liquidity and capital resources is access to short-term borrowings to fund its operations. Short-term borrowings are accompanied by increased risks managed by the Bank’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) such as rate increases or unfavorable changes in terms which would make it more costly to obtain future short-term borrowings. The Company’s short-term borrowing sources include FHLB advances, federal funds purchased and retail and wholesale repurchase agreements. The Company also has access to the short-term discount window borrowing programs (i.e., primary credit) of the FRB as well as a line of credit with a large national banking institution. FHLB advances and certain other short-term borrowings may be renewed as long-term borrowings to decrease certain risks such as liquidity or interest rate risk; however, the reduction in risks are weighed against the increased cost of funds and other risks.
Previous wording
In the normal course of business, the Company has commitments that require significant cash availability for customer deposits outflows, repurchase agreements, borrowed funds, lease obligations, off-balance sheet obligations, operating expenses and other contractual obligations. The source of funding for such requirements includes loan repayments, customer deposit inflows, borrowings and capital resources. Liquidity risk is the possibility that the Company will not be able to fund present and future obligations as they come due because of an inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding at a reasonable cost.
Current wording
In the normal course of business, the Company has commitments that require significant cash availability for customer deposits outflows, repurchase agreements, borrowed funds, lease obligations, off-balance sheet obligations, operating expenses and other contractual obligations. The source of funding for such requirements includes loan repayments, customer deposit inflows, borrowings, revenue from operations, and capital resources. Liquidity risk is the possibility that the Company will not be able to fund present and future obligations as they come due because of an inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding at a reasonable cost.
Previous wording
The Company has a wide range of versatility in managing the liquidity and asset/liability mix. The Bank’s ALCO meets regularly to assess liquidity risk, among other matters. The Company monitors liquidity and contingency funding alternatives through management reports of liquid assets (e.g., debt securities), both unencumbered and pledged, as well as borrowing capacity, both secured and unsecured, including off-balance sheet funding sources. During 2023, the amount of unencumbered securities decreased primarily as a result of pledging securities to collateralize borrowings. The Company evaluates its potential funding needs across alternative scenarios and maintains contingency funding plans consistent with the Company’s access to diversified sources of contingent funding.
Current wording
The Company has a wide range of versatility in managing the liquidity and asset/liability mix. The Bank’s ALCO meets regularly to assess liquidity risk, among other matters. The Company monitors liquidity and contingency funding alternatives through management reports of liquid assets (e.g., debt securities), both unencumbered and pledged, as well as borrowing capacity, both secured and unsecured, including off-balance sheet funding sources. During 2024, the amount of unencumbered securities increased primarily as a result of pledging securities to collateralize borrowings from 2023 that were released in 2024. The Company evaluates its potential funding needs across alternative scenarios and maintains contingency funding plans consistent with the Company’s access to diversified sources of contingent funding.
Previous wording
1 Total unencumbered debt securities at December 31, 2023, included $441.5 million classified as AFS and $1.4 billion classified as HTM. Total unencumbered debt securities at December 31, 2022, included $3.1 billion classified as AFS, and $3.1 billion classified as HTM.
Current wording
1 Total unencumbered debt securities at December 31, 2024, included $1.6 billion classified as AFS and $1.6 billion classified as HTM. Total unencumbered debt securities at December 31, 2023, included $441.5 million classified as AFS, and $1.4 billion classified as HTM.
Previous wording
In the normal course of business, there may be various outstanding commitments to obtain funding and to extend credit, such as letters of credit and unfunded loan commitments, which are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company assessed the off-balance sheet credit exposures as of December 31, 2023 and determined its ACL of $19.3 million was adequate to absorb the estimated credit losses. Such ACL is included in other liabilities. For additional information regarding the Company’s ACL, see “Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Receivable” above.
Current wording
In the normal course of business, there may be various outstanding commitments to obtain funding and to extend credit, such as letters of credit and unfunded loan commitments, which are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company assessed the off-balance sheet credit exposures as of December 31, 2024 and determined its ACL of $20.4 million was adequate to absorb the estimated credit losses. Such ACL is included in other liabilities. For additional information regarding the Company’s ACL, see “Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Receivable” above.
Previous wording
Maintaining capital strength continues to be a long-term objective of the Company. Abundant capital is necessary to sustain growth, provide protection against unanticipated declines in asset values, and to safeguard the funds of depositors. Capital is also a source of funds for loan demand and enables the Company to effectively manage its assets and liabilities. The Company has the capacity to issue 234,000,000 shares of common stock of which 110,888,942 have been issued as of December 31, 2023. The Company also has the capacity to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock of which none have been issued as of December 31, 2023. Conversely, the Company may decide to utilize a portion of its strong capital position, as it has done in the past, to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock, depending on market price and other relevant considerations.
Current wording
Maintaining capital strength continues to be a long-term objective of the Company. High levels of capital are necessary to sustain growth, provide protection against unanticipated declines in asset values, and to safeguard the funds of depositors. Capital is also a source of funds for loan demand and enables the Company to effectively manage its assets and liabilities. The Company has the capacity to issue 234,000,000 shares of common stock of which 113,401,955 have been issued as of December 31, 2024. The Company also has the capacity to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock of which none have been issued as of December 31, 2024. Conversely, the Company may in the future decide to utilize a portion of its strong capital position, as it has done in the past, to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock, depending on market price and other relevant considerations.
Previous wording
On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) accounting standard that requires management’s estimate of credit losses over the expected contractual lives of the Company's relevant financial assets. On March 27, 2020, federal banking regulators issued an interim final rule to delay for two years the initial adoption impact of CECL on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period to phase out the aggregate amount of the capital benefit provided during 2020 and 2021 (i.e., a five-year transition period). The Company has elected to utilize the five-year transition period. During the two-year delay, the Company added back to Common Tier 1 capital 100 percent of the initial adoption impact of CECL plus 25 percent of the cumulative quarterly changes in ACL (i.e., quarterly transitional amounts). Starting on January 1, 2022, the quarterly transitional amounts along with the initial adoption impact of CECL will be phased out of Common Tier 1 capital evenly over the three-year period.
Current wording
On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) accounting standard that requires management’s estimate of credit losses over the expected contractual lives of the Company's relevant financial assets. On March 27, 2020, federal banking regulators issued an interim final rule to delay for two years the initial adoption impact of CECL on regulatory capital, followed by a three-year transition period to phase out the aggregate amount of the capital benefit provided during 2020 and 2021 (i.e., a five-year transition period). The Company has elected to utilize the five-year transition period. During the two-year delay, the Company added back to Common Tier 1 capital 100 percent of the initial adoption impact of CECL plus 25 percent of the cumulative quarterly changes in ACL (i.e., quarterly transitional amounts). Starting on January 1, 2022, the quarterly transitional amounts along with the initial adoption impact of CECL were phased out of Common Tier 1 capital evenly over the three-year period ending at the end of 2024.
Previous wording
Within the Company’s geographic footprint under Montana, Idaho, Utah, Colorado and Arizona law, financial institutions are subject to a corporation income tax, which incorporates or is substantially similar to applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The corporation income tax is imposed on federal taxable income, subject to certain adjustments. State taxes are incurred at the rate of 6.75 percent in Montana, 5.80 percent in Idaho, 4.65 percent in Utah, 4.40 percent in Colorado and 4.90 percent in Arizona. Washington, Wyoming and Nevada do not impose a corporate income tax. The Company is also required to file in states other than the eight states in which it has properties.
Current wording
Within the Company’s geographic footprint under Montana, Idaho, Utah, Colorado and Arizona law, financial institutions are subject to a corporation income tax, which incorporates or is substantially similar to applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The corporation income tax is imposed on federal taxable income, subject to certain adjustments. State taxes are incurred at the rate of 6.75 percent in Montana, 5.70 percent in Idaho, 4.55 percent in Utah, 4.25 percent in Colorado and 4.90 percent in Arizona. Washington, Wyoming and Nevada do not impose a corporate income tax. The Company is also required to file in states other than the eight states in which it has properties.
Previous wording
Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $44.7 million and $67.1 million, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 16.7 percent and 18.1 percent, respectively. The current and prior year’s low effective income tax rates were due to income from tax-exempt debt securities, municipal loans and leases and benefits from federal income tax credits. Income from tax-exempt debt securities, loans and leases was $80.2 million and $80.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Benefits from Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (“LIHTC”) federal income tax credits were $19.9 million and $15.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Current wording
Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $36.2 million and $44.7 million, respectively. The Company’s effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 16.0 percent and 16.7 percent, respectively. The current and prior year’s low effective income tax rates were due to income from tax-exempt debt securities, municipal loans and leases and benefits from federal income tax credits. Income from tax-exempt debt securities, loans and leases was $84.2 million and $80.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Benefits from Low-Income Housing Tax Credits (“LIHTC”) federal income tax credits were $25.4 million and $19.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Showing the first 40 of 46 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
For additional information concerning the Company’s borrowings, see Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”