Dime Community Bancshares Inc NY

Previous wording

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 contains a summary of significant accounting policies. These accounting policies may require various levels of subjectivity, estimates or judgment by management. Policies with respect to the methodologies it uses to determine the allowance for credit losses on loans held for investment and fair value of loans acquired in a business combination are critical accounting policies because they are important to the presentation of the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations. These critical accounting estimates involve a significant degree of complexity and require management to make difficult and subjective judgments which often necessitate assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. The use of different judgments, assumptions or estimates could result in material variations in the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

Current wording

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Company’s Audited Consolidated Financial Statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 contains a summary of significant accounting policies. These critical accounting estimates involve a significant degree of complexity and require management to make difficult subjective judgments which often necessitate assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Policies with respect to the methodologies used to determine the allowance for credit losses on loans held for investment and are important to the presentation of the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations. The use of different judgments, assumptions or estimates could result in material variations in the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

Previous wording

Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In determining the allowance for credit losses for loans that share similar risk characteristics, the Company utilizes a model which compares the amortized cost basis of the loan to the net present value of expected cash flows to be collected. Expected credit losses are determined by aggregating the individual cash flows and calculating a loss percentage by loan segment, or pool, for loans that share similar risk characteristics. For a loan that does not share risk characteristics with other loans, the Company will evaluate the loan on an individual basis. Within the model, assumptions are made in the determination of probability of default, loss given default, reasonable and supportable economic forecasts, prepayment rate, curtailment rate, and recovery lag periods. Management assesses the sensitivity of key assumptions at least annually by stressing the assumptions to understand the impact on the model.

Current wording

Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In determining the allowance for credit losses for loans that share similar risk characteristics, the Company utilizes a model which compares the amortized cost basis of the loan to the net present value of expected cash flows to be collected. Expected credit losses are determined by aggregating the individual cash flows and calculating a loss percentage by loan segment, or pool, for loans that share similar risk characteristics. For a loan that does not share risk characteristics with other loans, the Company will evaluate the loan on an individual basis. Within the model, assumptions are made in the determination of probability of default, loss given default, reasonable and supportable economic forecasts, prepayment rate, curtailment rate, and recovery lag periods.

Previous wording

Statistical regression is utilized to relate historical macro-economic variables to historical credit loss experience of a peer group of banks that operate in and around Dime’s footprint. These models are then utilized to forecast future expected loan losses based on expected future behavior of the same macro-economic variables. Adjustments to the quantitative results are made using qualitative factors. These factors include: (1) lending policies and procedures and the experience, ability, and depth of the lending management and other relevant staff; (2) international, national, regional and local economic business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various markets; (3) the nature and volume of the loan portfolio; (4) the volume and severity of past due loans; (5) the quality of our loan review system; (6) the value of underlying collateral for collateralized loans; (7) the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations; and (8) the effect of external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.

Current wording

Statistical regression is utilized to relate historical macro-economic variables to historical credit loss experience of a peer group of banks that operate in and around Dime’s footprint. These models are then utilized to forecast future expected loan losses based on expected future behavior of the same macro-economic variables. Adjustments to the quantitative results are made using qualitative factors, which are subjective and require significant management judgment. These factors include: (1) lending policies and procedures and the experience, ability, and depth of the lending management and other relevant staff; (2) international, national, regional and local economic business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various markets; (3) the nature and volume of the loan portfolio; (4) the volume and severity of past due loans; (5) the quality of our loan review system; (6) the value of underlying collateral for collateralized loans; (7) the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations; and (8) the effect of external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.

Previous wording

The Board of Directors has approved a liquidity policy that it reviews and updates at least annually. Senior management is responsible for implementing the policy. The Bank’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) is responsible for general oversight and strategic implementation of the policy and management of the appropriate departments are designated responsibility for implementing any strategies established by ALCO. On a daily basis, appropriate senior management receives a current cash position report and 30-day forecast to ensure that all short-term obligations are timely satisfied, and that adequate liquidity exists to fund future activities. Reports detailing the Bank’s liquidity reserves are presented to appropriate senior management on at least a monthly basis, and the Board of Directors at each of its meetings. In addition, a twelve-month liquidity forecast is presented to ALCO in order to assess potential future liquidity concerns. A forecast of cash flow data for the upcoming 12 months is presented to the Board of Directors no less than annually. Given recent banking industry events, management is also monitoring the level of uninsured deposits on a daily basis.

Current wording

The Board of Directors has approved a liquidity policy that it reviews and updates at least annually. Senior management is responsible for implementing the policy. The Bank’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) is responsible for general oversight and strategic implementation of the policy and management of the appropriate departments are designated responsibility for implementing any strategies established by ALCO. On a daily basis, appropriate senior management receives a current cash position report and 30-day forecast to ensure that all short-term obligations are timely satisfied, and that adequate liquidity exists to fund future activities. Reports detailing the Bank’s liquidity reserves are presented to appropriate senior management on at least a monthly basis, and the Board of Directors at each of its meetings. In addition, a twelve-month liquidity forecast is presented to ALCO in order to assess potential future liquidity concerns. A forecast of cash flow data for the upcoming 12 months is presented to the Board of Directors no less than annually. Given recent banking industry events, management monitors the level of uninsured deposits on a regular basis.

Previous wording

Liquidity is primarily needed to meet customer borrowing commitments and deposit withdrawals, either on demand or on contractual maturity, to repay borrowings as they mature, to fund current and planned expenditures and to make new loans and investments as opportunities arise. The Bank’s primary sources of funding for its lending and investment activities include deposits, loan, investment security principal and interest payments and advances from the FHLBNY. The Bank may also sell or securitize selected multifamily residential, mixed-use or one-to-four family residential real estate loans to private sector secondary market purchasers and has in the past sold such loans to FNMA and FHLMC. The Company may additionally issue debt or equity under appropriate circumstances. Although maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and investments are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and prepayments on real estate loans and MBS are influenced by interest rates, economic conditions and competition.

Current wording

Liquidity is primarily needed to meet customer borrowing commitments and deposit withdrawals, either on demand or on contractual maturity, to repay borrowings as they mature, to fund current and planned expenditures and to make new loans and investments as opportunities arise. The Bank’s primary sources of funding for its lending and investment activities include deposits, loan payments, investment security principal and interest payments and advances from the FHLBNY. The Bank may also sell or securitize selected multifamily residential, mixed-use or one-to-four family residential real estate loans to private sector secondary market purchasers and has in the past sold such loans to FNMA and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”). The Company may additionally issue debt or equity under appropriate circumstances. Although maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and investments are predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and prepayments on real estate loans and MBS are influenced by interest rates, economic conditions and competition.

Previous wording

The Bank is a member of American Financial Exchange (“AFX”), through which it may either borrow or lend funds on an overnight or short-term basis with other member institutions. The availability of funds changes daily.

Current wording

The Bank is a member of American Financial Exchange (“AFX”), through which it may either borrow or lend funds on an overnight or short-term basis with other member institutions. The availability of funds changes daily. At March 31, 2025, the Bank did not have any such borrowings outstanding through the AFX. At December 31, 2024, the Bank had $50.0 million of such borrowings outstanding through the AFX, which is included in other short-term borrowings on the consolidated statements of financial condition.

Previous wording

Total deposits (including escrow) increased $886.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to an increase of $382.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Within deposits, core deposits (i.e., non-CDs) increased $1.08 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to an increase of $55.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in core deposits was primarily due to growth in business deposits. In the event that the Bank should require funds beyond its ability or desire to generate them internally, additional sources of funds are available through a borrowing line at the FHLBNY, borrowing capacity at the AFX, lines of credit with unaffiliated correspondent banks, and various brokered deposit sources. At September 30, 2024, the Bank had remaining borrowing capacity of $1.98 billion through the FHLBNY, subject to customary minimum FHLBNY common stock ownership requirements (i.e., 4.5% of the Bank’s outstanding FHLBNY borrowings).

Current wording

In the event that the Bank should require funds beyond its ability or desire to generate them internally, additional sources of funds are available through a borrowing line at the FHLBNY, borrowing capacity at the AFX, lines of credit with unaffiliated correspondent banks, and various brokered deposit sources. At March 31, 2025, the Bank had remaining borrowing capacity of $1.91 billion through the FHLBNY, subject to customary minimum FHLBNY common stock ownership requirements (i.e., 4.5% of the Bank’s outstanding FHLBNY borrowings). The Bank also had access to the FRB Discount Window.** **At March 31, 2025, an available line of credit totaling $395.9 million was in place at the FRB backed by investment securities with no advances drawn. Additionally, at March 31, 2025, a line of credit totaling $3.16 billion was in place at the FRB secured by certain qualifying 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, construction loans and CRE loans with no amounts drawn.

Previous wording

The Bank reduced its outstanding FHLBNY advances by $805.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a $8.0 million decrease during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. See Note 12. “FHLBNY Advances” for further information.

Current wording

The Bank reduced its outstanding FHLBNY advances by $100.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to a reduction of $540.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. See Note 12. “FHLBNY Advances” for further information.

Previous wording

Subordinated debentures totaled $272.3 million at September 31, 2024 compared to $200.2 million at December 31, 2023. The increase was due to the Company’s issuance of subordinated notes that are described in more detail in Note 13. “Subordinated Debentures” to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Current wording

Subordinated debentures totaled $272.4 million at March 31, 2025 compared to $272.3 million at December 31, 2024. See Note 13. “Subordinated Debentures” to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Previous wording

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, business loan originations totaled $236.1 million and $209.7 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, real estate loan originations (excluding owner-occupied commercial real estate) totaled $147.2 million and $604.7 million, respectively.

Current wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, business loan originations totaled $42.6 million and $49.0 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, real estate loan originations (excluding owner-occupied commercial real estate) totaled $28.9 million and $49.2 million, respectively.

Previous wording

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Holding Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. The Holding Company repurchased 36,813 shares of its common stock at an aggregate cost of $947 thousand during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2024, 1,566,947 shares remained available for purchase under the authorized share repurchase programs. See "Part II - Item 2. Other Information - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities" for additional information about repurchases of common stock.

Current wording

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Holding Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock. As of March 31, 2025, 1,566,947 shares remained available for purchase under the authorized share repurchase programs. See “Part II - Item 2. Other Information - Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” for additional information about repurchases of common stock.

Previous wording

The Holding Company paid $5.5 million in cash dividends on its preferred stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Current wording

The Holding Company paid $1.8 million in cash dividends on its preferred stock during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Previous wording

The Holding Company paid $28.5 million and $28.0 million in cash dividends on its common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Current wording

The Holding Company paid $10.7 million and $9.7 million in cash dividends on its common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Previous wording

As part of its loan origination business, the Bank generally has outstanding commitments to extend credit to borrowers, which are originated pursuant to its regular underwriting standards. Available lines of credit may not be drawn on or may expire prior to funding, in whole or in part, and amounts are not estimates of future cash flows. As of September 30, 2024, the Bank had $63.8 million of firm loan commitments that were accepted by the borrowers. All of these commitments are expected to close during the remainder of the year ending December 31, 2024.

Current wording

As part of its loan origination business, the Bank generally has outstanding commitments to extend credit to borrowers, which are originated pursuant to its regular underwriting standards. Available lines of credit may not be drawn on or may expire prior to funding, in whole or in part, and amounts are not estimates of future cash flows. As of March 31, 2025, the Bank had $156.9 million of firm loan commitments that were accepted by the borrowers.

Previous wording

Additionally, in connection with a loan securitization completed in December 2017, the Bank executed a reimbursement agreement with FHLMC that obligates the Company to reimburse FHLMC for any contractual principal and interest payments on defaulted loans, not to exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the loans comprising the aggregate balance of the loan pool at securitization. The maximum exposure under this reimbursement obligation is $28.0 million. The Bank has pledged $27.9 million of pass-through MBS issued by GSEs as collateral.

Current wording

Additionally, in connection with a loan securitization completed in December 2017, the Bank executed a reimbursement agreement with FHLMC that obligates the Company to reimburse FHLMC for any contractual principal and interest payments on defaulted loans, not to exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the loans comprising the aggregate balance of the loan pool at securitization. The maximum exposure under this reimbursement obligation is $28.0 million. The Bank has pledged $28.0 million of pass-through MBS issued by GSEs as collateral.

Previous wording

Our management reviews delinquent loans on a monthly basis and reports to our Board of Directors at each regularly scheduled Board meeting regarding the status of all non-performing and otherwise delinquent loans in our loan portfolio.

Current wording

Our management reviews delinquent loans on a monthly basis and reports to our Board of Directors or Committees of the Board of Directors at each regularly scheduled Board or Committee meeting regarding the status of all non-performing and otherwise delinquent loans in our loan portfolio.

Previous wording

Our loan servicing policies and procedures require that an automated late notice be sent to a delinquent borrower as soon as possible after a payment is ten days late in the case of multifamily residential, commercial real estate loans, and commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans, or fifteen days late in connection with one-to-four family or consumer loans. Thereafter, periodic letters are mailed and phone calls placed to the borrower until payment is received. When contact is made with the borrower at any time prior to foreclosure, we will attempt to obtain the full payment due or negotiate a repayment schedule with the borrower to avoid foreclosure.

Current wording

Our loan servicing policies and procedures require that an automated late notice be sent to a delinquent borrower as soon as possible after a payment is ten days late in the case of business loans, multifamily residential and mixed use, non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loans, and ADC loans, or fifteen days late in connection with one-to-four family and consumer loans. Thereafter, periodic letters are mailed and phone calls placed to the borrower until payment is received or the loan is transferred to workout. When contact is made with the borrower at any time prior to foreclosure, we will attempt to obtain the full payment due or negotiate a repayment schedule with the borrower to avoid foreclosure.

Previous wording

Accrual of interest is generally discontinued on a loan that meets any of the following three criteria: (i) full payment of principal or interest is not expected; (ii) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more (unless the loan is both deemed to be well secured and in the process of collection); or (iii) an election has otherwise been made to maintain the loan on a cash basis due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. Such non-accrual determination practices are applied consistently to all loans regardless of their internal classification or designation. Upon entering non-accrual status, we reverse all outstanding accrued interest receivable.

Current wording

Accrual of interest is generally discontinued on a loan that meets any of the following three criteria: (i) full payment of principal or interest is not expected; (ii) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more (unless the loan is both deemed to be well secured and in the process of collection); or (iii) an election has otherwise been made to maintain the loan on a cash basis due to deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower. Such non-accrual determination practices are applied consistently to all loans regardless of their internal classification or designation. Upon entering non-accrual status, the system will reverse all outstanding accrued interest receivable.

Previous wording

We generally initiate foreclosure proceedings on real estate loans when a loan enters non-accrual status based upon non-payment, unless the borrower is paying in accordance with an agreed upon modified payment agreement. We obtain an updated appraisal to calculate a potential collateral shortfall and to reserve appropriately for the potential loss. Upon completion of a foreclosure action, the property securing the loan is transferred to Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) status. We generally attempt to utilize all available remedies, such as note sales in lieu of foreclosure, in an effort to resolve non-accrual loans and OREO properties as quickly and prudently as possible in consideration of market conditions, the physical condition of the property and any other mitigating circumstances. We have not initiated any expected or imminent foreclosure proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. In the event that a non-accrual loan is subsequently brought current, it is returned to accrual status once the doubt concerning collectability has been removed and the borrower has demonstrated performance in accordance with the loan terms and conditions for a period of generally at least six months.

Current wording

We generally initiate foreclosure proceedings on real estate loans when a loan enters non-accrual status based upon non-payment, unless the borrower is paying in accordance with an agreed upon modified payment agreement. We obtain an updated appraisal upon the commencement of legal action to calculate a potential collateral shortfall and to reserve appropriately for the potential loss. If a foreclosure action is instituted and the loan is not brought current, paid in full, or refinanced before the foreclosure action is completed, the property securing the loan is transferred to Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) status. We generally attempt to utilize all available remedies, such as note sales in lieu of foreclosure, in an effort to resolve non-accrual loans and OREO properties as quickly and prudently as possible in consideration of market conditions, the physical condition of the property and any other mitigating circumstances. We have not initiated any expected or imminent foreclosure proceedings that are likely to have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements. In the event that a non-accrual loan is subsequently brought current, it is returned to accrual status once the doubt concerning collectability has been removed and the borrower has demonstrated performance in accordance with the loan terms and has made at least six months of payments.

Previous wording

The C&I portfolio is actively managed by our lenders and underwriters. Most credit facilities typically require an annual review of the exposure and borrowers are required to submit annual financial reporting and loans are structured with financial covenants to indicate expected performance levels. Smaller C&I loans are monitored based on performance and the ability to draw against a credit line is curtailed if there are any indications of credit deterioration. Guarantors are also required to update their financial reporting. All exposures are risk rated and those entering adverse ratings due to financial performance concerns of the borrower or material delinquency of any payments or financial reporting are subjected to added management scrutiny. Measures taken typically include amendments to the amount of the available credit facility, requirements for increased collateral, additional guarantor support or a material enhancement to the frequency and quality of financial reporting. Loans determined to reach adverse risk rating standards are monitored closely by Credit Administration to identify any potential credit losses. When warranted, loans reaching a Substandard rating could be reassigned to the Workout Group for direct handling.

Current wording

The C&I portfolio, which is within our business loans, is actively managed by our lenders. Most credit facilities typically require an annual review of the exposure and borrowers are required to submit annual financial reporting and loans are structured with financial covenants to indicate expected performance levels. Smaller C&I loans are monitored based on performance and the ability to draw against a credit line is curtailed if there are any indications of credit deterioration. Guarantors are also required to update their financial reporting on an annual basis or alternative schedule as provided in their loan documents. All exposures are credit risk rated and those entering adverse ratings due to financial performance concerns of the borrower or material delinquency of any payments or financial reporting are subjected to added management scrutiny and monitoring. Measures taken typically include amendments to the amount of the available credit facility, requirements for increased collateral, additional guarantor support or a material enhancement to the frequency and quality of financial reporting. Loans determined to reach adverse risk rating standards are monitored closely by Credit Administration to identify any potential credit losses. When warranted, loans reaching a Substandard rating could be reassigned to the Workout Group for direct handling.

Previous wording

Within our held-for-investment loan portfolio, non-accrual loans totaled $49.5 million at September 30, 2024 and $29.1 million at December 31, 2023.

Current wording

Within our held-for-investment loan portfolio, non-accrual loans totaled $58.0 million at March 31, 2025 and $49.5 million at December 31, 2024.

Previous wording

There was no carrying value of OREO properties on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at September 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023. We did not recognize any provisions for losses on OREO properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023.

Current wording

There was no carrying value of OREO properties on our Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. We did not recognize any provisions for losses on OREO properties during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or 2024.

Previous wording

At September 30, 2024, there were $8.2 million of loans between 30 and 59 days past due. At December 31, 2023, there were $12.0 million of loans between 30 and 59 days past due. The 30 to 59-day delinquency levels fluctuate monthly and are generally considered a less accurate indicator of near-term credit quality trends than non-accrual loans.

Current wording

At March 31, 2025, there were $46.0 million of loans that were past due between 30 and 59 days, compared to $10.3 million at December 31, 2024. The 30 to 59-day delinquency levels fluctuate monthly and are generally considered a less accurate indicator of near-term credit quality trends than non-accrual loans.

Previous wording

At September 30, 2024, there were $30.0 million of loans between 60 and 89 days past due. At December 31, 2023, there were $1.3 million of loans 60 and 89 days past due. The 60 to 89-day delinquency levels fluctuate monthly and are generally considered a less accurate indicator of near-term credit quality trends than non-accrual loans.

Current wording

At March 31, 2025, there were $2.5 million of loans that were past due between 60 and 89 days past due, compared to $31.3 million at December 31, 2024. The 60 to 89-day delinquency levels fluctuate monthly and are generally considered a less accurate indicator of near-term credit quality trends than non-accrual loans.

Previous wording

The Bank maintains an allowance, recorded in other liabilities, associated with unfunded loan commitments accepted by the borrower. The amount of our allowance was $3.1 million and $2.7 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Any increases or reductions in this allowance are recognized in provision for credit losses.

Current wording

The Bank maintains a reserve, recorded in other liabilities, associated with unfunded loan commitments accepted by the borrower. The amount of our reserve was $2.6 million and $2.7 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. This reserve is determined based upon the outstanding volume of unfunded loan commitments at each period end. Any increases or reductions in this reserve are recognized in provision for credit losses.

Previous wording

For a further discussion of the allowance for credit losses and related activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, please see Note 7 to the condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Current wording

For a further discussion of the allowance for credit losses and related activity during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, please see Note 7 to the condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Previous wording

Assets*.*Assets totaled $13.75 billion at September 30, 2024, $110.5 million above their level at December 31, 2023, primarily due to increases of $168.5 million in cash and due from banks, $105.1 million in the loan portfolio and $22.6 million in BOLI, partially offset by decreases of $113.8 million in total investment securities, $34.5 million in restricted stock, $16.5 million in derivative assets and $9.8 million in premises and fixed assets.

Current wording

Assets*.*Assets totaled $14.10 billion at March 31, 2025, $255.6 million below their level at December 31, 2024, primarily due to decreases of $252.9 million in cash and due from banks, $68.3 million in other assets, $20.1 million in loans held for sale, $17.8 million in derivative assets and $4.9 million in the loan portfolio, partially offset by increases of $98.5 million in BOLI and $13.9 million in total investment securities.

Previous wording

Total loans, net of allowance increased $105.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to $10.81 billion at period end. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we had loan originations of $383.4 million.

Current wording

Total loans, net of allowance decreased $4.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, to $10.78 billion at period end. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we had loan originations of $71.5 million.

Previous wording

Total investment securities decreased $113.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to $1.37 billion at period end, primarily due to proceeds from principal payments, calls and maturities of $167.1 million, offset by purchases of $21.0 million and a decrease in unrealized losses of $32.3 million. There were no transfers to or from securities held-to-maturity during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Current wording

Total investment securities increased $13.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, to $1.34 billion at period end, primarily due to purchases of $29.7 million and a decrease in unrealized losses of $8.9 million, offset by proceeds from principal payments, calls and maturities of $23.8 million. There were no transfers to or from securities held-to-maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Previous wording

Liabilities*.*Total liabilities increased $72.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to $12.48 billion at period end, primarily due to an increase of $886.7 million in deposits (including mortgage escrow accounts) and an increase of $72.1 million in subordinated debt, partially offset by decreases of $805.0 million in FHLBNY advances, $39.1 million in derivative cash collateral and $23.2 million in derivative liabilities.

Current wording

Liabilities*.*Total liabilities decreased $271.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, to $12.69 billion at period end, primarily due to decreases of $100.0 million in FHLBNY advances, $70.2 million in deposits (including mortgage escrow accounts), $50.0 million in short-term borrowings, $27.2 million in derivative cash collateral, $15.8 million in derivative liabilities and $7.3 million in other liabilities.

Previous wording

Stockholders’ Equity*.*Stockholders’ equity increased $37.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to $1.26 billion at period end, primarily due to net income of $49.5 million and other comprehensive income of $18.6 million, partially offset by common stock dividends of $29.3 million, and preferred stock dividends of $5.5 million.

Current wording

Stockholders’ Equity*.*Stockholders’ equity increased $15.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, to $1.41 billion at period end, primarily due to net income of $21.5 million and other comprehensive income of $6.0 million, partially offset by common stock dividends of $11.0 million, and preferred stock dividends of $1.8 million.

Previous wording

*General.*Net income was $13.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to net income of $15.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, net interest income increased by $3.4 million, the credit loss provision increased by $9.8 million, non-interest income decreased by $297 thousand, non-interest expense decreased by $1.8 million, and income tax expense decreased by $3.2 million, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Current wording

*General.*Net income was $21.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to net income of $17.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net interest income increased by $22.7 million, non-interest expense increased by $13.0 million, the credit loss provision increased by $4.4 million, non-interest income decreased by $834 thousand and income tax expense increased by $666 thousand, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Previous wording

The discussion of net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 should be read in conjunction with the following tables, which set forth certain information related to the Consolidated Statements of Operations for those periods, and which also present the average yield on assets and average cost of liabilities for the periods indicated. The average yields and costs were derived by dividing income or expense by the average balance of their related assets or liabilities during the periods represented. Average balances were derived from average daily balances. No tax-equivalent adjustments have been made for interest income exempt from federal, state, and local taxation. The yields include loan fees consisting of amortization of loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct and indirect origination costs, prepayment fees, and late charges that are considered adjustments to yields. Net loan fees included in interest income were $849 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2024. Net loan fees included in interest income were $320 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in net loan fees was primarily due to increases in prepayment penalty fees and deferred fees on loans in 2024.

Current wording

The discussion of net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 should be read in conjunction with the following tables, which set forth certain information related to the Consolidated Statements of Operations for those periods, and which also present the average yield on assets and average cost of liabilities for the periods indicated. The average yields and costs were derived by dividing income or expense by the average balance of their related assets or liabilities during the periods represented. Average balances were derived from average daily balances. No tax-equivalent adjustments have been made for interest income exempt from federal, state, and local taxation. The yields include loan fees consisting of amortization of loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct and indirect origination costs, prepayment fees, and late charges that are considered adjustments to yields. Net loan fees included in interest income were $1.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to a net loan cost of $297 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in net loan fees was primarily due to increases in prepayment penalty fees and deferred fees on loans in 2025.

Previous wording

Net interest income. Net interest income was $79.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $3.4 million from the three months ended September 30, 2023. Average interest-earning assets were $12.73 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of $250.0 million from $12.98 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Net interest margin was 2.50% during the three months ended September 30, 2024, up from 2.34% during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Current wording

Net interest income. Net interest income was $94.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $22.7 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024. Average interest-earning assets were $12.96 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025, a decrease of $52.4 million from $13.02 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net interest margin was 2.95% during the three months ended March 31, 2025, up from 2.21% during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Previous wording

*Interest Income.*Interest income was $164.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $157.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, interest income increased $6.4 million from the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily reflecting increases in interest income of $8.3 million on business loans, $1.9 million on one-to-four family loans and $620 thousand on non-owner-occupied loans.

Current wording

*Interest Income.*Interest income was $161.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $161.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, interest income increased $856 thousand from the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting increases in interest income of $5.8 million on business loans, $3.4 million in securities and $1.3 million on one-to-four family loans, partially offset by a decrease of $3.7 million on multifamily residential and residential mixed-use loans and a decrease of $3.5 million on non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loans.

Previous wording

The increased interest income on business loans was due to a $199.7 million increase in the average balance and a 56-basis point increase in the yield of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on non-owner-occupied loan income was related to a 32-basis point increase in the yield, partially offset by a decrease of $3.6 million in average balances of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on multifamily loans was related to a 30-basis point increase in the yield, partially offset by a decrease of $151.1 million in the average balances of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on one-to-four family loans was related to a 48-basis point increase in the yield and a $66.5 million increase in the average balances of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on short-term investments was related to a 51-basis point increase in the yield and a $7.2 million increase in the average balances of such short-term investments in the period. Increased yields on interest-earning assets were a result of the rising interest rate environment.

Current wording

The increased interest income on business loans was due to a $439.8 million increase in the average balances, partially offset by an 18-basis point decrease in the yield of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on one-to-four family loans was related to a $75.5 million increase in the average balances and a 24-basis point increase in the yield of such loans in the period. The increased interest income on securities was related to a 134-basis point increase in the yield, partially offset by a decrease of $205.8 million in the average balances of such securities in the period. The decreased interest income on multifamily residential and residential mixed-use loans was related to a $203.8 million decrease in the average balance and an 11-basis point decrease in the yield of such loans in the period. The decreased interest income on non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loans reflected a $156.7 million decrease in the average balance and a 13-basis point decrease in the yield of such loans in the period.

Previous wording

*Interest Expense.*Interest expense was $257.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $208.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, interest expense increased $49.5 million, primarily reflecting an increase in interest expense of $67.6 million on deposits, an increase of $1.8 million on subordinated debt and an increase of $340 thousand in the interest expense on derivative cash collateral, partially offset by a $20.0 million decrease in interest expense on FHLBNY advances. The increased interest expense on deposits primarily reflects a 110-basis point increase in rates paid on money market accounts and a

Current wording

*Interest Expense.*Interest expense was $67.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $89.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, interest expense decreased $21.8 million, primarily reflecting a decrease in interest expense of $15.0 million on deposits, a decrease in interest expense of $8.1 million on FHLBNY advances and a decrease of $516 thousand in interest expense on derivative cash collateral, partially offset by a $1.7 million increase in interest expense on subordinated debt. The decreased interest

Previous wording

$746.1 million increase in average balances of such deposits, a 83-basis point increase in rates paid on savings accounts, partially offset by a decrease of $47.9 million in average balances of such deposits, and a 91-basis point increase in rates paid on CDs and an increase of $22.8 million in average balances of such deposits. The increased interest expense on subordinated debt was due to a $24.5 million increase in the average balance of such debt and a 51-basis point increase in the cost of subordinated debt in the period. The increased interest expense on derivative cash collateral reflects 97-basis point increase in rates paid on derivative cash collateral, partially offset by a decrease of $15.5 million in average balances of such cash collateral. The decreased interest expense on FHLBNY advances was due to a $514.0 million decrease in the average balance of such advances and a 48-basis point decrease in the cost of such FHLBNY advances in the period. The increases in interest expenses on money market accounts, saving accounts and CDs were primarily due to price competition among banks and other financial institutions and the rising interest rate environment.

Current wording

expense on deposits was primarily due to a $682.8 million decrease in the average balance of CDs and a 96-basis point decrease in such deposits in the period, and due to a 95-basis point decrease in rates paid on savings accounts and a $398.6 million decrease in average balances of such deposits. The decreased interest expense on FHLBNY advances was due to a $585.1 million decrease in the average balance of such advances and a 122-basis point decrease in the cost of FHLBNY advances in the period. The decreased interest expense on derivative cash collateral was due to a $26.0 million decrease in the average balance and a 63-basis point decrease in the cost of such derivatives in the period. The increased interest expense on subordinated debt was due to a $72.2 million increase in the average balance and a 127-basis point increase in the cost of such debt in the period.

Previous wording

Provision for Credit Losses. We recorded a credit loss provision of $11.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to a credit loss provision of $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The $11.6 million credit loss provision for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was primarily associated with increased provisioning for the Bank’s business loan portfolio. The $1.8 million credit loss provision for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was primarily associated with increased provisioning for individually analyzed loans.

Current wording

Provision for Credit Losses. We recorded a credit loss provision of $9.6 million and $5.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The $9.6 million credit loss provision for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily associated with provisioning for individually analyzed loans. The $5.2 million credit loss provision for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily associated with increased provisioning for our pooled multifamily loan portfolio.

Previous wording

*Non-Interest Income.*Non-interest income was $7.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $7.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, non-interest income decreased $297 thousand from the three months ended September 30, 2023, reflecting a decrease of $651 thousand related to loan level derivative income, partially offset by an increase of $338 thousand from fair value change in equity securities and loans held for sale.

Current wording

*Non-Interest Income.*Non-interest income was $9.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $10.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, non-interest income decreased $834 thousand from the three months ended March 31, 2024, reflecting a decrease of $3.0 million related to a gain on sale of other assets, partially offset by an increase of $1.5 million in BOLI income.