ARRAY DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE, INC.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 20, 2026.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Feb 20, 2026
What changed in Risk Factors?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-02-21.
0000821130-25-000023
Item 1A. Risk FactorsCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-02-20.
0000821130-26-000012
Item 1A. Risk FactorsThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 177 previous paragraphs and 93 current paragraphs.
9 unchanged; 56 reworded; 28 added; 111 removed; 1 previous and 0 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 0 previous and 0 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (28)
Current report
See Note 2 — Discontinued Operations and Note 6 — Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Current report
2)Array entered into License Purchase Agreements with Verizon and T-Mobile to sell certain wireless spectrum licenses. There is no guarantee that such transactions contemplated by the License Purchase Agreements will be consummated. Costs and uncertainties related to these transactions could have adverse effects on Array's financial condition or results of operations.
Current report
On September 22, 2025, T-Mobile exercised its call option under the Put/Call Agreement for certain 600 MHz wireless spectrum licenses and on October 7, 2025, Array and T-Mobile entered into a License Purchase Agreement.
Current report
See Note 6 — Acquisitions and Divestitures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions.
Current report
3)An inability to monetize the remaining spectrum assets as well as the ongoing costs to retain the spectrum could adversely affect Array’s operations.
Current report
Array may be unable to find buyers at mutually agreeable prices for its spectrum assets not subject to the pending Verizon and T-Mobile transactions. Further, the opportunity to monetize the remaining spectrum assets will depend on a variety of factors, including industry data usage, availability of new spectrum through FCC spectrum auctions and the potential disposition of other wireless businesses.
Current report
4)Increasing competition in the tower industry could adversely affect Array’s revenues, negatively impact future growth and increase its costs to compete.
Current report
•Increased pressure on pricing resulting from increased tenant churn, sustained low tenancy rates or further reductions in such rates;
Current report
•Limited opportunities for strategic partnerships.
Current report
5)There are economic and business risks associated with fixed rate annual escalators on colocation revenue contracts.
Current report
A majority of Array's ground leases with its ground lessors, and a majority of Array's colocation contracts with its tenants contain fixed rate annual escalation rates. To the extent average ground lease escalation rates exceed average colocation revenue escalation rates, Array's results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition could be adversely impacted.
Current report
Further, to the extent future U.S. inflation rates would persist at higher rates for sustained periods of time, revenues and margins in real dollars could erode, and this could have an adverse affect on Array's results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.
Current report
6)A substantial portion of Array revenues are derived from a small number of tenants concentrated in the wireless industry and the loss or financial difficulties of such tenants may adversely affect Array’s business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth. Array is particularly reliant on its relationship with T-Mobile. DISH Wireless has failed to make certain payments due to Array under their contractual commitment. Lower demand for wireless services, negative trends in the wireless industry or changes in customer business models may decrease the revenues Array receives from its tenants, which could adversely affect Array’s business, financial condition, results of operations and future growth.
Current report
•Delays or failures of FCC spectrum auctions and wireless carriers ability to deploy new spectrum;
Current report
•Emergence of new technologies that reduce the need for towers;
Current report
•Lack of use cases to monetize new 6G technologies that require deploying equipment on towers;
Current report
•Consolidation, co-location and/or spectrum sharing by wireless carriers that reduces the need for towers;
Current report
•Wireless carriers may change the mix of their network investments away from tower related investments;
Current report
•Economic downturns that result in wireless carriers reducing network capital expenditures; and
Current report
•Large carriers' exercise of pricing power to reduce tower rents.
Current report
In addition, Array received a letter from DISH Wireless dated in September 2025 claiming that its obligations under its Master Lease Agreement with Array are excused due to actions taken by the FCC and subsequent agreements to sell spectrum assets. See Management Discussion and Analysis - Array Operations for additional information.
Current report
7)Inability to protect Array’s real estate rights, with respect to land leases, could have an adverse effect on Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current report
A significant number of Array’s towers are located on land subject to operating leases. For various reasons, landowners may not want to renew their ground agreements with Array, may lose rights to their land, or may transfer their land interests to other parties, including ground lease aggregators, which could adversely affect Array’s ability to renew ground agreements, or to renew such ground agreements on commercially viable terms or require Array to renew on terms that are significantly less favorable than those that have historically been in place. Array’s inability to protect rights to the land under its towers, or its inability to lease such land on commercially viable terms or it needs to accept terms that are significantly less favorable than those that have historically been in place, may have a material adverse effect on Array’s business, cash flows, results of operations or financial condition.
Current report
8)Advances or changes in technology could reduce the need for tower-based services.
Current report
The development and implementation of new technologies designed to enhance the efficiency, architecture and design of wireless networks could lead to a reduction in demand for tower leasing by wireless companies. Certain emerging technologies and architectures, such as satellites and mesh transmission systems, may serve as substitutes for, or alternatives to, the traditional tower infrastructure, particularly in rural markets. The extent and timing of widespread adoption of these emerging technologies is uncertain, but any significant shift could have an adverse effect on Array's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current report
9)Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely impacted by extreme weather events, climate-related events, natural disasters (including wildfires) and other unforeseen events.
Current report
Array’s towers are subject to risks from unforeseen events such as extreme weather events, wildfires or natural disasters (including as a result of any potential effects of climate change). Array's towers may collapse for any number of reasons, including structural deficiencies. In the event Array’s towers are adversely impacted by an unforeseen event, customers may not be obligated or willing to pay their lease expenses while Array may be required to continue paying related fixed expenses, including expenses for ground leases and other property interests. Any such unforeseen event impacting a material portion of Array’s towers could, among other things, interrupt or delay service to Array’s tenants, damage or delay deployment of new towers, or result in legal claims or penalties, reputational damage, negative market perception, or costly response measures. All of these events could adversely affect Array’s business, cash flows, financial condition or results of operations. Array currently maintains insurance to cover the estimated cost of replacing damaged towers and damage to surrounding property, but there can be no assurance that such coverage will remain readily available in the insurance marketplace or be adequate to cover exposure from such events.
Current report
Array’s operations are subject to varying degrees of regulation by the FCC, FAA and other federal, state and local regulatory agencies and legislative bodies. Both the FAA and the FCC regulate the construction, modification, and maintenance of towers and structures that support antennas used for wireless communications and radio and television broadcasts. FAA and FCC regulations govern construction, lighting, painting, marking and registration of towers. Certain proposals to construct new towers, or to modify or add new equipment to existing towers, may require review by the FAA to ensure that the tower will not present a hazard to air navigation. Array bears certain responsibilities under these regulations, including notifying the FAA of any lighting outages. Failure to comply with existing or future applicable requirements may lead to civil penalties or other liabilities and may subject Array to significant indemnification liability to its customers against any such failure to comply.
Removed paragraphs (111)
Previous report
1)TDS and UScellular entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of May 24, 2024 with T-Mobile and USCC Wireless Holdings, LLC, pursuant to which, among other things, UScellular has agreed to sell its wireless operations and select spectrum assets to T-Mobile. In addition, UScellular, and certain subsidiaries of UScellular, entered into the Verizon Purchase Agreement on October 17, 2024, and the AT&T Purchase Agreement on November 6, 2024 to sell certain wireless spectrum licenses. There is no guarantee that the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Verizon Purchase Agreement, or the AT&T Purchase Agreement will be able to be consummated or that UScellular will be able to find buyers at mutually agreeable prices for its spectrum assets not subject to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Verizon Purchase Agreement, or the AT&T Purchase Agreement. Costs and uncertainties related to the transactions could have adverse effects on UScellular's financial condition or results of operations.
Previous report
On August 4, 2023, TDS and UScellular announced that the Boards of Directors of both companies decided to initiate a process to explore a range of strategic alternatives for UScellular. As part of this review, on May 28, 2024, UScellular announced that its Board of Directors unanimously approved the execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement pursuant to which, among other things, UScellular has agreed to sell its wireless operations and select spectrum assets to T-Mobile. The Securities Purchase Agreement also contemplates, among other things, a Short-Term Spectrum Manager Lease Agreement and Short-Term Spectrum Manager Sublease Agreements that will become effective at the closing date, which provide T-Mobile with an exclusive license to use certain UScellular spectrum assets and leases at no cost for up to one-year for the purpose of providing continued, uninterrupted service to customers.
Previous report
The uncertainty regarding the transactions and continued strategic alternatives review process could result in: a diversion of management's attention from UScellular's existing business; a failure to achieve financial and operating objectives; adverse effects on UScellular's financial condition or results of operations; a failure to retain key personnel, customers, business partners or contracts; and volatility in UScellular's stock price.
Previous report
See Note 7 — Divestitures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions, including the uncertainty related to certain portions of the transaction proceeds.
Previous report
2)If the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions are not consummated, substantial changes will be required to the manner in which UScellular’s wireless business is conducted, and we expect there will be a material adverse effect on UScellular's financial condition and results of operations.
Previous report
If the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions are not consummated, UScellular would continue to operate its wireless business in an environment of intensifying competitive pressures and limited capital resources. In that scenario, UScellular would be required to develop and implement new strategic plans. The continued operation of the wireless business with its lack of scale and structural disadvantages under these conditions will result in a material adverse effect on UScellular's customers, financial condition and results of operations.
Previous report
Further, if the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions are not consummated, UScellular's stock price likely would decline to the extent that the current market price reflects an assumption that the transactions will be completed.
Previous report
The successful consummation of the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions will trigger substantial costs and require significant changes to the manner in which the UScellular business is operated. In addition, UScellular would, following the closing of the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions, be subject to certain business risks that it does not currently face.
Previous report
See Note 7 — Divestitures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to the Put/Call Agreement.
Previous report
4)A delay or failure by UScellular to complete significant network construction and systems implementation activities as part of its plans to improve the quality, coverage, capabilities and capacity of its network, support and other systems and infrastructure as well as renew wireless spectrum licenses, could adversely affect its operations.
Previous report
UScellular’s business plan includes enhancements to its network, support and other systems and infrastructure. UScellular also has the obligation to continue to maintain operation of wireless spectrum licenses that are currently deployed, as well as, FCC build-out requirements for certain wireless spectrum licenses that have not yet been satisfied. Such licenses require significant investments to deploy and the incurrence of ongoing network expenses to operate, as renewal of all wireless spectrum licenses is predicated upon their initial and continued operation in accordance with FCC requirements. Failure to continue to operate a wireless spectrum license or failure to initiate the operation of a spectrum license by the respective FCC build-out deadline could result in forfeiture of such license which could have a material adverse effect on UScellular's business, financial condition or results of operations. Additionally, the deployment of new wireless technologies, including the continued deployment of 5G, will require substantial investments in UScellular's wireless network. Also, as UScellular continues to build out and enhance its network, UScellular must, among other things, continue to:
Previous report
▪Lease, acquire or otherwise obtain rights to cell and switch sites;
Previous report
▪Obtain zoning variances or other local governmental or third-party approvals or permits for network construction;
Previous report
▪Complete and update the radio frequency design, including cell site design, frequency planning and network optimization, for each of UScellular’s markets; and
Previous report
▪Improve, expand and maintain customer care, network management, billing and other financial and management systems.
Previous report
Any difficulties encountered in completing these activities, as well as problems in vendor equipment availability, labor availability, inflation or other pressures on costs, technical resources, system performance or system adequacy, could delay implementation and deployment of new technologies, delay expansion of operations and product capabilities in new or existing markets or result in increased costs. Failure to successfully deploy new technologies, including the continued deployment of 5G, and/or build-out and enhance UScellular’s network, support facilities and other systems and infrastructure in a cost-effective manner, and in a manner that satisfies consumers' expectations for quality and coverage, has adversely affected and could continue to adversely affect UScellular’s business, business prospects, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous report
5)Intense competition involving products, services, pricing, promotions and network speed and technologies could adversely affect UScellular’s revenues or increase its costs to compete.
Previous report
Competition in the wireless industry is intense and is expected to increase in intensity into the foreseeable future due to multiple factors such as increasing market penetration, introduction of new products, new competitors, increasing promotional aggressiveness and changing prices. There is competition in service plan pricing; handsets and other devices; promotional discounts; network quality, coverage, speed and technologies, including 5G technology; distribution; new entrants; bundled services, such as home internet and wireless; and other categories. In particular, wireless competition includes aggressive service plan and device pricing, including pricing for unlimited plans, which could result in switching activity and churn and limit UScellular's ability to monetize future growth in data usage. In addition, competition based on network speed may increase as customer demand for higher speeds increases. These competitive factors have and are expected to continue to result in losses of retail connections, may cause the prices for certain services and products to decline and the costs to compete to increase.
Previous report
UScellular’s competitors include national or global telecommunications and cable wireless companies that are larger than UScellular, possess greater financial and other resources, possess more extensive coverage areas and more spectrum within their coverage areas, and market other services with their communications services that UScellular does not offer. UScellular and its competitors are actively marketing their deployment of 5G and, as a result, continue to raise consumer awareness of the technology. If UScellular continues to not keep pace with its competitors in deploying 5G or other comparable offerings, or if UScellular's deployment of 5G technology does not result in significant incremental revenues, UScellular's financial condition, results of operations and ability to do business could continue to be adversely affected. In addition, new technologies, services and products that are more commercially effective than the technologies, services and products offered by UScellular may be developed and create new sources of competition. Further, new technologies may be proprietary such that UScellular is not able to adopt such technologies. There can be no assurance that UScellular will be able to compete successfully in this environment.
Previous report
Sources of competition to UScellular’s business typically include at least four competing wireless telecommunications service providers across UScellular's service area, wireline telecommunications service providers, cable wireless companies, resellers (including MVNOs), and providers of alternative telecommunications services. In particular, competition from cable wireless companies has increased in recent periods and is expected to increase into the foreseeable future, as they have continued to expand their presence in the wireless industry and have offered more competitive pricing. Many of UScellular’s wireless and other competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, sales, purchasing and distribution resources than UScellular.
Previous report
6)UScellular’s lack of scale and structural disadvantages relative to larger competitors that may have greater financial and other resources than UScellular has caused and could continue to cause UScellular to be unable to compete successfully, which has adversely affected and could continue to adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous report
UScellular has lack of scale and structural disadvantages compared to larger competitors. UScellular may be unable to compete successfully with larger companies that have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, sales, purchasing and distribution resources or that offer more services than UScellular, which has adversely affected and could continue to adversely affect UScellular’s revenues and costs of doing business. Specifically, UScellular’s lack of scale and structural disadvantages relative to most of its competitors could have the following impacts, among others:
Previous report
▪Increased operating and capital expenditure costs due to lack of leverage with vendors and dispersed geography;
Previous report
▪Inability to timely and successfully deploy 5G or other wireless technologies, or to realize significant incremental revenues from their deployment;
Previous report
▪Limited opportunities for strategic partnerships as potential partners are focused on telecommunications companies with greater scale and scope;
Previous report
▪Limited opportunities for bundling wireless service with other services such as home internet;
Previous report
▪Limited access to content, as well as limited ability to obtain acceptably priced content;
Previous report
▪Limited access to devices as larger competitors enter into exclusive device arrangements;
Previous report
▪Consumer expectations that UScellular provides lower-priced offerings relative to larger competitors;
Previous report
▪Limited ability to influence industry standards;
Previous report
▪Limited ability to acquire or build additional towers;
Previous report
▪Reduced ability to invest in research and development of new services and products;
Previous report
▪Lower risk tolerance when evaluating new markets;
Previous report
▪Vendors may deem UScellular non-strategic and not develop or sell services and products to UScellular, particularly where technical requirements differ from those of larger companies;
Previous report
▪Other limited opportunities such as for software development or third-party distribution.
Previous report
UScellular’s business depends on access to content for data and access to new wireless devices being developed by vendors. UScellular’s ability to obtain such access depends in part on other parties. If UScellular is unable to obtain timely access to new content or wireless devices being developed by vendors, its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
Previous report
7)Changes in roaming practices or other factors could cause UScellular's roaming revenues to decline from current levels, roaming expenses to increase from current levels and/or impact UScellular's ability to service its customers in geographic areas where UScellular does not have its own network, which could have an adverse effect on UScellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous report
UScellular’s service revenues include roaming revenues related to the use of UScellular’s network by other carriers’ customers who travel within UScellular’s coverage areas. Changes in FCC rules or actions, industry practices or the network footprints of carriers could have an adverse effect on UScellular’s roaming revenues. For example, the expansion of other carriers' network coverage in UScellular's footprint and/or lower roaming rates with other carriers has decreased and is expected to continue to decrease roaming revenues for UScellular.
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Reworded paragraphs (56)
Previous wording
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including exhibits, contains statements that are not based on historical facts and represent forward-looking statements, as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that UScellular intends, expects, projects, believes, estimates, plans or anticipates will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. The words “believes,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “projects” and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying them. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include those set forth below under “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K. Each of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on UScellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations. However, such factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements contained in this document. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on future results, performance or achievements. UScellular undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The reader should carefully consider the following risk factors and other information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K to understand the material risks relating to UScellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including exhibits, contains statements that are not based on historical facts and represent forward-looking statements, as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that Array intends, expects, projects, believes, estimates, plans or anticipates will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. The words “believes,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “projects” and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying them. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include those set forth below under “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K. Each of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations. However, such factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements contained in this document. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on future results, performance or achievements. Array undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The reader should carefully consider the following risk factors and other information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K to understand the material risks relating to Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous wording
3)If the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions are consummated, substantial costs will be triggered and substantial changes will be required to the manner in which UScellular’s remaining business is conducted, which could have a material adverse effect on UScellular's financial condition and results of operations.
Current wording
1)Closing of the T-Mobile transaction occurred on August 1, 2025, and has required substantial changes to the manner in which Array’s remaining business is conducted, which could have a material adverse effect on Array's financial condition and results of operations.
Previous wording
If the transactions from the strategic alternatives process are successfully completed, the remaining UScellular business, which includes the tower business, interests in certain non-operating equity method investments and wireless spectrum licenses not included in the announced transactions, will be of a significantly smaller scale than its current operations. This could produce operational, cost and borrowing disadvantages relative to its current operations.
Current wording
The successful closing of the T-Mobile transaction on August 1, 2025 has required significant changes to the manner in which the Array business is operated. The remaining Array business, which includes the tower business, non-controlling interests in certain wireless operating companies and wireless spectrum licenses, certain of which are subject to other sale agreements, is of a significantly smaller scale than its historical operations. This could produce operational, cost and borrowing disadvantages relative to its historical operations.
Previous wording
In terms of costs, UScellular expects that the closing of the transaction will trigger or accelerate the recognition of certain cash and non-cash obligations. Such obligations include contingent advisory fees, employee compensation and severance, employee stock award costs, debt extinguishment, income tax expense, administrative costs, restructuring expenses and other wind down costs. Additionally, following the close of the T-Mobile transaction, it is uncertain which towers T-Mobile will choose to locate on, and therefore, it is unknown how many and which towers with no tenants will remain in UScellular's tower portfolio. UScellular expects to incur significant decommissioning costs for certain towers that UScellular elects to retire, and such decommissioning costs are also expected to include remaining obligations under related ground leases. These costs are expected to have a significant impact on UScellular's cash flows and financial statements.
Current wording
Upon receipt of regulatory approval, Array accelerated the recognition of certain cash and non-cash obligations related to employee compensation, severance and stock awards. Additional significant costs that include contingent advisory fees, income tax expense, administrative costs, restructuring expenses and other wind down costs were recorded upon and following the close on August 1, 2025. Significant additional transaction costs related to pending and potential future spectrum sales, ongoing restructuring expenses and wind down costs have been incurred and are expected to be incurred into the foreseeable future as the strategic alternatives process is completed. Additionally, it is uncertain which towers T-Mobile will choose to permanently locate on, and therefore, it is unknown how many and which towers with no tenants will remain in Array's tower portfolio. Array may incur significant decommissioning costs for certain towers that Array elects to retire, and such decommissioning costs are also expected to include remaining obligations under related ground leases for certain towers. These decommissioning costs may have a significant adverse impact on Array's future cash flows and financial results.
Previous wording
At the T-Mobile closing, UScellular and T-Mobile will enter into a Master License Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, T-Mobile will lease space on certain additional UScellular-owned towers for a minimum of 15 years and extend the term of certain existing leases to 15 years. If T-Mobile fails to meet its obligations to UScellular, it would likely have an adverse impact on UScellular's business and financial statements.
Current wording
At the closing of the T-Mobile transaction, Array and T-Mobile entered into a MLA, pursuant to which, among other things, T-Mobile will lease space on certain additional Array-owned towers for a minimum of 15 years and also commit to 15 year minimum extensions of existing leases for Array-owned towers. As a result, Array’s business is substantially dependent upon T-Mobile, and if T-Mobile fails to meet its obligations under these leases to Array, this would have a significant adverse impact on Array's business and financial results.
Previous wording
On October 17, 2024, UScellular, and certain subsidiaries of UScellular, entered into the Verizon Purchase Agreement to sell certain AWS, Cellular and PCS wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant Verizon certain rights to lease such licenses prior to the transaction close.
Current wording
On October 17, 2024, Array entered into the Verizon License Purchase Agreement to sell certain AWS, Cellular and PCS wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant Verizon certain rights to lease such licenses prior to the transaction close.
Previous wording
On November 6, 2024, UScellular, and certain subsidiaries of UScellular, entered into the AT&T Purchase Agreement to sell certain 3.45 GHz and 700 MHz wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant AT&T certain rights to lease and sub-lease such licenses prior to the transaction close.
Current wording
On August 29, 2025, Array entered into the T-Mobile License Purchase Agreement to sell certain 700 MHz wireless spectrum licenses and agreed to grant T-Mobile certain rights to lease such licenses prior to the transaction close.
Previous wording
The transactions resulting from the strategic alternatives review are subject to regulatory approval, which UScellular may not be able to obtain on the terms or timeline currently contemplated, or at all. Similarly, UScellular may not be able to satisfy the other closing conditions applicable to each of the transactions, which in the case of the Verizon and AT&T transactions include the closing of the T-Mobile transaction and, for the Verizon transaction, the termination of the T-Mobile Short-Term Spectrum Manager Lease Agreement. The T-Mobile and AT&T transactions include certain wireless spectrum licenses that are held by entities in which UScellular is a non-controlling limited partner. The closing with respect to these wireless spectrum licenses is contingent upon UScellular's purchase, which is pending receipt of regulatory approval, of the remaining equity in the entities that UScellular does not currently own.
Current wording
The Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions are subject to regulatory approval, which Array may not be able to obtain on the terms or timeline currently contemplated, or at all. Similarly, Array may not be able to satisfy the other closing conditions applicable to each of the transactions, which in the case of the Verizon transaction, includes the termination of the T-Mobile Short-Term Spectrum Manager Lease Agreement. If the Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions are not consummated, the funds contemplated to be received as a result of such transactions will not be available for investment in Array’s business, repayment of debt, or dividends to Array stockholders, including TDS. Further, Array’s stock price may decline to the extent that the current market price reflects an assumption that these transactions will be completed. The uncertainty regarding the Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions and the continued efforts to monetize the remaining spectrum assets could result in adverse effects on Array's financial condition or results of operations and volatility in Array's stock price.
Previous wording
The strategic alternatives review process has already resulted in the incurrence of significant expense primarily related to legal and financial advisors - this is expected to continue. Further, as a result of changes to its spectrum units of accounting, UScellular recognized a significant impairment on its spectrum assets during 2024 and there may be further events and circumstances that occur which may result in additional impairments for the spectrum that is retained, or for the spectrum that is pending sale if such sales do not close as expected.
Current wording
The strategic alternatives review process has already resulted in the incurrence of significant expense primarily related to legal and financial advisors - this is expected to continue. Further, as a result of changes to its spectrum units of accounting, Array recognized significant impairments on its spectrum assets during 2024 and 2025 and further events and circumstances may result in additional impairments for the remaining spectrum assets, including the spectrum that is pending sale if such sales do not close as expected.
Previous wording
There can be no assurance that the strategic alternatives review process, which is ongoing, will result in the transactions or any strategic alternative of any kind being successfully completed or that the process or any outcomes of the process will not have an adverse impact on UScellular's business or financial statements. In addition, UScellular may be unable to find buyers at mutually agreeable prices for its spectrum assets not subject to the recent transactions, including the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Verizon Purchase Agreement, or the AT&T Purchase Agreement.
Current wording
There can be no assurance that the strategic alternatives review process, which is ongoing, will result in the spectrum transactions with Verizon and T-Mobile being successfully completed, or the successful monetization of other remaining spectrum, or that these processes or any outcomes of these processes will not have an adverse impact on Array's business or financial statements.
Previous wording
In addition, if the transactions are successfully completed, UScellular will retain certain wireless spectrum licenses with FCC build-out requirements that have not yet been satisfied. Such licenses would require significant investments to deploy and if the sale of its wireless operations is completed, UScellular would no longer have an existing wireless business to operate the retained spectrum. Additionally, if the T-Mobile transaction is successfully completed, but the Verizon and AT&T transactions are not completed, UScellular would retain additional wireless spectrum licenses with no existing wireless business to operate the spectrum. As renewal of all wireless spectrum licenses is predicated upon their initial and continued operation in accordance with FCC requirements, such licenses could be subject to forfeiture should UScellular not incur significant expenses to operate the spectrum or engage another carrier to do so. Further, UScellular could fail to monetize remaining spectrum assets including the wireless spectrum licenses that are subject to a Put/Call Agreement with T-Mobile as it is uncertain if the call option will be exercised or if the conditions required to exercise the put option will occur. All of these events could have a significant adverse effect on UScellular’s financial condition and results of operation.
Current wording
In addition, most of the remaining spectrum licenses not subject to the Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions have FCC build-out requirements that have not yet been fully satisfied. Compliance with such requirements would drive significant investments and Array no longer has an existing wireless business to operate the retained spectrum. Additionally, if the Verizon and T-Mobile spectrum transactions are not completed, Array would retain additional wireless spectrum licenses with no wireless business to operate the spectrum. As renewal of all wireless spectrum licenses is predicated upon their initial and continued operation in accordance with FCC requirements, such licenses could be subject to forfeiture if Array does not incur significant costs and expenses to operate the spectrum prior to renewal or engage another carrier to do so. All of these events could decrease the value of retained spectrum and could have a significant adverse effect on Array’s financial condition, cash flows, and results of operations.
Previous wording
Competition in the tower industry is also challenging, as UScellular competes with public and private tower companies, private equity sponsored tower companies, and owners of non-communications sites such as utility towers, rooftop structures, water towers, and other alternative structures. Many of these competitors are larger than UScellular, have greater financial and other resources, have more advantageous tower locations than UScellular, have greater capacity on their towers, and have more scale and coverage nationwide than UScellular – such factors could result in an inability to acquire or build additional towers, difficulty in leasing tower space or renewing leases, or cause lease revenue to decline in the future.
Current wording
Competition in the tower industry is robust, as Array competes with public and private tower companies, private equity sponsored tower companies, and owners of non-communications sites such as utility towers, rooftop structures, water towers, and other alternative structures. Many of these competitors are larger than Array, have greater financial and other resources, have more advantageous tower locations than Array, and have more scale nationwide than Array. Such factors could result in difficulty in leasing tower space or renewing leases, or cause lease revenue to decline in the future. Specifically, Array could be negatively impacted by the following factors, among others:
Previous wording
▪Low profit margins and returns on investment that are below UScellular’s cost of capital;
Current wording
•Low profit margins and returns on investment that are below Array’s cost of capital;
Current wording
A substantial portion of Array revenues are derived from a small number of tenants concentrated in the wireless industry including Verizon, AT&T and particularly T-Mobile (collectively, large carriers). As it relates to the large carriers, a reduction in the demand for tower leasing, reduced capital expenditures or operating expenses on networks, financial difficulties, or other business factors at such large carriers, may adversely affect Array’s revenues, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, liquidity and future growth. If the large carriers or other current or potential tenants are unable to raise adequate capital to fund their business plans or encounter capital constraints, they may reduce spending; file for bankruptcy; or consolidate, reduce or terminate operations, which could adversely affect the demand for leasing space on towers and negatively impact both Array’s current revenue and cash flows, as well as future growth opportunities. Array’s revenues may be adversely affected by negative trends in the wireless industry, changes in the business model of its tenants or reduced demand for its large carriers’ services among their end users. Specifically, Array’s business, financial condition, revenues, liquidity, results of operations and future growth may be adversely affected by the following factors, among others:
Previous wording
▪The overall size and growth rate of UScellular’s customer base;
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•The overall size and growth rate of Array’s tenant base;
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▪Demand for or usage of services, particularly data services;
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•Demand for or usage of wireless services, particularly data services;
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8)An inability to attract people of outstanding talent throughout all levels of the organization, to develop their potential through education and assignments, and to retain them by keeping them engaged, challenged and properly rewarded could have an adverse effect on UScellular's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
10)An inability to attract people of outstanding talent throughout all levels of the organization, to develop their potential through education and assignments, and to retain them by keeping them engaged, challenged and properly rewarded could have an adverse effect on Array's business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous wording
UScellular’s business is highly technical and competition for skilled talent in the wireless industry is intense. Due to competition, limited supply, and/or rising wage levels for qualified management, technical, sales and other personnel, there can be no assurance that UScellular will be able to continue to attract and/or retain people of outstanding potential for the development of its business. In addition, a person's expectation of an in-office, remote or hybrid working model could negatively affect talent acquisition and retention. The loss of existing key personnel due to competition, wage levels and/or retirements, the failure to recruit highly skilled personnel in a timely and cost-effective manner, the inability to foster and maintain an inclusive work environment, or failure to maintain its commitment to environmental and social responsibility could have an adverse effect on UScellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
Array’s ability to sustain and grow its business and execute on its strategy requires Array, in part, to attract, recruit and retain qualified and experienced associates, including key management personnel and other talent. Due to competition, limited supply, and/or rising wage levels for qualified management, technical and other personnel, there can be no assurance that Array will be able to attract and/or retain people of outstanding potential for leadership and development of its business. The loss of existing key personnel due to competition, wage levels and/or retirements, the failure to recruit highly skilled personnel in a timely and cost-effective manner or the failure to have effective succession planning, could have an adverse effect on Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
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13)Costs, integration problems or other factors associated with acquisitions, divestitures or exchanges of properties or wireless spectrum licenses and/or expansion of UScellular’s business could have an adverse effect on UScellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
11)Costs, integration problems or other factors associated with acquisitions or divestitures of assets could have an adverse effect on Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous wording
UScellular has entered into and may continue to enter into agreements to divest of companies, businesses, wireless spectrum and other assets. UScellular may also be engaged in the acquisition, divestitures or exchange of companies, businesses, strategic properties, wireless spectrum or other assets. UScellular may change the markets in which it operates and the services that it provides through such acquisitions, divestitures and/or exchanges. In general, UScellular may not disclose the negotiation of such transactions until a definitive agreement has been reached.
Current wording
In addition to the transactions described previously, Array may enter into agreements to acquire or divest certain assets. In general, Array may not disclose the negotiation of such transactions until a definitive agreement has been reached.
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▪Identification of attractive companies, businesses, properties, spectrum or other assets for acquisition or exchange, and/or the selection of UScellular’s businesses or assets for divestiture or exchange;
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•Identification of assets for acquisition or divestiture;
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▪Competition for acquisition targets and the ability to acquire or exchange businesses at reasonable prices;
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•Competition for acquisition targets and the ability to acquire at reasonable prices;
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▪Ability to negotiate favorable terms and conditions for acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges;
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•Ability to negotiate favorable terms and conditions for acquisitions and divestitures;
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▪Significant expenditures associated with acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges;
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•Significant expenditures associated with acquisitions and divestitures;
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▪Ability to enter markets in which UScellular has limited or no direct prior experience and competitors have stronger positions;
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•Ability to enter markets in which Array has limited or no direct prior experience and competitors have stronger positions;
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▪Uncertain revenues and expenses associated with acquisitions, with the result that UScellular may not realize the growth in revenues, anticipated cost structure, profitability, or return on investment that it expects;
Current wording
•Uncertain revenues and expenses associated with acquisitions, with the result that Array may not realize the growth in revenues, anticipated cost structure, profitability, or return on investment that it expects;
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▪Possible lack of buyers for businesses or assets that UScellular desires to divest and the ability to divest or exchange such businesses or assets at reasonable prices;
Current wording
•Possible lack of buyers for assets that Array desires to divest and the ability to divest such assets at reasonable prices;
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▪Impact on UScellular’s cash and available credit lines for use in financing future growth and working capital needs;
Current wording
•Impact on Array’s cash and available credit lines for use in financing future growth and working capital needs; and
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▪Possible conditions to approval by the FCC, the Federal Trade Commission and/or the Department of Justice; and
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•Possible conditions to, or lack of, approvals by government bodies, including the FCC, the Department of Justice and State regulators.
Previous wording
No assurance can be given that UScellular will be successful with respect to its acquisition, divestiture or exchange strategies or initiatives.
Current wording
No assurance can be given that Array will be successful with respect to any of its future acquisition or divestiture strategies or initiatives.
Previous wording
16)Uncertainty in UScellular’s or TDS' future cash flow and liquidity or the inability to access capital, deterioration in the capital markets, changes in interest rates, other changes in UScellular’s or TDS' performance or market conditions, changes in UScellular’s or TDS' credit ratings or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to UScellular, which has required and could in the future require UScellular to reduce or delay its construction, development or acquisition programs, divest assets or businesses, and/or reduce or cease share repurchases.
Current wording
12)Uncertainty in Array’s or TDS' future cash flow and liquidity, its level of indebtedness or the inability to access capital, deterioration in the capital markets, changes in interest rates, changes in Array’s or TDS' credit ratings or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to Array.
Previous wording
UScellular has a significant amount of indebtedness and may need to incur additional indebtedness. UScellular’s level of indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it (i) may limit UScellular’s ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures or general corporate purposes, particularly if the ratings assigned to its debt securities by rating organizations are revised downward; (ii) will require UScellular to dedicate a substantial portion of its cash flow from operations to the payment of interest and principal on its debt, thereby reducing the funds available to UScellular for other purposes including expansion through acquisitions, capital expenditures, acquisition of wireless spectrum licenses, marketing spending and expansion of its business; and (iii) may limit UScellular’s flexibility to adjust to changing business and market conditions and make UScellular more vulnerable to a downturn in general economic conditions as compared to UScellular’s competitors. UScellular’s ability to make scheduled payments on its indebtedness or to refinance it will depend on its financial and operating performance which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and other factors beyond its control. A substantial portion of UScellular's debt is subject to variable interest rates, which causes UScellular to be vulnerable to unfavorable changes in market interest rates.
Current wording
Array has a variety of debt instruments and it may be necessary or desirable from time to time to increase this debt. Array’s ability to make scheduled payments on its indebtedness or to refinance it will depend on its financial and operating performance which, in turn, is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and other factors beyond its control.
Previous wording
UScellular operates a capital-intensive business. Historically, UScellular has used internally-generated funds and also has obtained substantial funds from external sources for general corporate purposes. In the past, UScellular’s existing cash and investment balances, funds available under its financing agreements, and cash flows from operating and certain investing and financing activities, including sales of assets or businesses, provided sufficient liquidity and financial flexibility for UScellular to meet its normal day-to-day operating needs and debt service requirements, to finance the build-out and enhancement of markets and to fund wireless spectrum license acquisitions. There is no assurance that this will be the case in the future. It may be necessary from time to time to increase the amount of permissible borrowings under its financing agreements, to put in place new credit agreements, or to obtain other forms of financing to fund potential expenditures. UScellular’s liquidity would be adversely affected if, among other things, cash flows from operations significantly decline, UScellular is unable to obtain short or long-term financing on acceptable terms, UScellular is not able to comply with certain debt covenants or UScellular is unsuccessful in negotiating related consents, waivers, or amendments, interest rates increase, UScellular makes significant spectrum license purchases, UScellular makes significant capital investments, UScellular makes significant business acquisitions, the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (LA Partnership) and other minority-owned partnerships discontinue or significantly reduce distributions compared to historical levels, or Federal USF and/or other regulatory support payments decline. UScellular's liquidity may also be adversely affected by changes in the liquidity of TDS that impact TDS' or UScellular's ability to comply with certain debt covenants or if TDS or UScellular is unsuccessful in negotiating related consents, waivers, or amendments. These or other developments at TDS may negatively affect UScellular's ability to obtain short or long-term financing on acceptable terms or obtain favorable terms and conditions from third-party vendors.
Current wording
Array’s liquidity would be adversely affected if, among other things, cash flows from operations significantly decline from anticipated levels, Array is unable to obtain short or long-term financing on acceptable terms, Array is not able to comply with certain debt covenants or Array is unsuccessful in negotiating related consents, waivers, or amendments, interest rates increase, Array makes significant business acquisitions, or the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (LA Partnership) and other minority-owned investment interests discontinue or significantly reduce distributions compared to historical levels. These or other developments at TDS may negatively affect Array's ability to obtain short- or long-term financing on acceptable terms.
Previous wording
As a result, UScellular’s level of indebtedness, restrictions contained in debt instruments and/or possible breaches of covenants, defaults, and acceleration of indebtedness could have an adverse effect on UScellular’s business, financial condition, revenues, results of operations and cash flows.
Current wording
Array’s revolving credit agreement and term loan agreement require Array to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants, including certain financial covenants. Depending on the actual financial performance of Array, there is a risk that Array could fail to satisfy the required covenants. Restrictions included in such debt instruments may limit Array’s operating and financial flexibility. Array’s restrictions contained in debt instruments and/or possible breaches of covenants, defaults, and acceleration of indebtedness could have an adverse effect on Array’s business, financial condition, revenues, results of operations and cash flows.
Previous wording
TDS’ credit rating from nationally recognized credit agencies may impact UScellular’s credit rating as, given UScellular’s ownership structure, the rating agencies often consider rating actions related to TDS and UScellular in tandem. To the extent that TDS' credit rating is downgraded, it may adversely affect UScellular's credit rating, which could result in the impacts described above.
Current wording
Array’s or TDS' credit ratings from nationally recognized credit agencies or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to Array, which could impact Array’s business operations. Given Array’s ownership structure, the rating agencies often consider rating actions related to TDS and Array in tandem. To the extent that TDS' credit rating is downgraded, it may adversely affect Array's credit rating, which could impact Array’s liquidity.
Previous wording
19)UScellular has significant investments in entities that it does not control. Losses in the value of such investments could have an adverse effect on UScellular’s financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
13)Array has significant investments in wireless operating entities that it does not control. Losses in the value of or cash flows from such investments could have an adverse effect on Array’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.
Previous wording
UScellular has significant investments in entities that it does not control, including equity investments and interests in certain variable interest entities. UScellular’s interests in such entities do not provide UScellular with control over the business strategy, financial goals, network build-out plans or other operational aspects of these entities. UScellular cannot provide assurance that these entities will operate in a manner that will increase or maintain the value of UScellular’s investments, that UScellular’s proportionate share of income from these investments will continue at the current level in the future or that UScellular will not incur losses from the holding of such investments. Losses in the values of such investments or a reduction in income from these investments could adversely affect UScellular’s financial condition or results of operations. In addition, certain investments have historically contributed significant cash flows to UScellular and a reduction or suspension of such cash flows could adversely affect UScellular’s cash flows and financial condition.
Current wording
Array has significant investments in wireless operating entities that it does not control. Array’s interests in such entities do not provide Array with control over the business strategy, financial goals, network build-out plans or other operational aspects of these entities. Array cannot provide assurance that these entities will operate in a manner that will increase or maintain the value of Array’s investments, that Array’s proportionate share of income from these investments will continue at the current level in the future or that Array will not incur losses from the holding of such investments. Losses in the values of such investments or a reduction in income and distributions from these investments could adversely affect Array’s financial condition, cash flows or results of operations.
Previous wording
20)Failure by UScellular to timely or fully comply with any existing applicable legislative and/or regulatory requirements or changes thereto could adversely affect UScellular’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Current wording
14)Failure by Array to timely or fully comply with any existing applicable legislative and/or regulatory requirements or changes thereto could adversely affect Array’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Previous wording
UScellular’s operations are subject to varying degrees of regulation by the FCC, state public utility commissions and other federal, state and local regulatory agencies and legislative bodies. Changes in the administration of the various regulatory agencies and legislative bodies are resulting in and could continue to result in different policies with respect to many federal laws and regulations, including but not limited to changes to fiscal and tax policies, trade policies, tariffs on imported goods, climate change and workforce-related practices. New or amended regulatory requirements could increase UScellular’s costs and divert resources from other initiatives. Adverse decisions, increased regulation, or changes to existing regulation by regulatory bodies could negatively impact UScellular’s operations by, among other things, restricting energy consumption or access to grid electricity, permitting greater competition or limiting UScellular’s ability to engage in certain sales or marketing activities, or retention and recruitment of skilled resources. New regulatory mandates or enforcement may require unexpected or increased capital expenditures, lost revenues, higher operating expenses or other changes. Court decisions and rulemakings could have a substantial impact on UScellular’s operations, including rulemakings on broadband access to the internet, intercarrier access compensation, state and federal support funding and court decisions regarding the FCC's universal service fund program or, more broadly, the scope of authority of the federal agencies that regulate UScellular. Litigation and different objectives among federal and state regulators could create uncertainty and delay UScellular’s ability to respond to new regulations. Further, wireless spectrum licenses are subject to renewal by the FCC and could be revoked in the event of a violation of applicable laws or regulatory requirements. Also, the FCC recently renewed its decision to regulate Broadband Internet Access Service (BIAS), including reclassifying BIAS as a telecommunications service under Title II of the Communications Act and mobile BIAS as a commercial mobile radio service. However, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals struck down the FCC’s Order, halting implementation. Some state legislators and regulators are seeking to or have already enacted state net neutrality laws and regulations, and it is unclear whether more states will seek to do so. Interpretation and application of these rules and of rules relating to other recent NPRMs issued by the FCC (for example, with respect to digital discrimination), including conflicts between federal and state laws, may result in additional costs for compliance and may limit opportunities to derive profits from certain business practices or resources.
Current wording
In addition, changes in the administration of the various regulatory agencies and legislative bodies are resulting in and could continue to result in different policies with respect to many federal laws and regulations, including but not limited to changes to fiscal and tax policies, trade policies, tariffs on imported goods, climate change and workforce-related practices. New or amended regulatory requirements could increase Array’s costs and divert resources from other initiatives. Adverse decisions, increased regulation, or changes to existing regulation by regulatory bodies could negatively impact Array’s operations. New regulatory mandates or enforcement may result in lost revenues, higher operating expenses, unexpected or increased capital expenditures, or other changes. Litigation and different objectives among federal and state regulators could create uncertainty and delay Array’s ability to respond to new regulations. Further, wireless spectrum licenses are subject to renewal by the FCC and Array’s licenses for the spectrum it continues to hold could be revoked in the event of a violation of applicable laws or regulatory requirements.
Previous wording
UScellular attempts to timely and fully comply with all regulatory requirements. However, UScellular is unable to predict the future actions of the various legislative and regulatory bodies that govern UScellular, and such actions could have adverse effects on UScellular’s business.
Current wording
Array attempts to timely and fully comply with all regulatory requirements. However, Array is unable to predict the future actions of the various legislative and regulatory bodies that govern Array, and such actions could have adverse effects on Array’s business.
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Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
In addition, if the T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T transactions are not consummated, the funds contemplated to be received as a result of such transactions would not be available for investment in other UScellular businesses, repayment of debt or the payment of dividends to UScellular stockholders, including TDS.