NACCO INDUSTRIES INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 4, 2026.
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A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.
FY2025 · Filed Mar 4, 2026
NC$33.99+2.1%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-K
Period ended 2024-12-31; filed 2025-03-05.
0000789933-25-000006
Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSCurrent report: 10-K
Period ended 2025-12-31; filed 2026-03-04.
0000789933-26-000070
Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 119 previous paragraphs and 106 current paragraphs.
44 unchanged; 27 reworded; 31 added; 46 removed; 2 previous and 4 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 14 previous and 15 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (31)
Current report
In addition to the reportable segments discussed above, we also operate other businesses that are not currently reported as separate segments. These businesses complement our existing operations and support our long-term growth strategic objectives. Mitigation Resources of North America® (Mitigation Resources) provides natural resource restoration and reclamation services that include stream and wetland mitigation solutions. ReGen Resources is pursuing opportunities to develop new power generation resources.
Current report
Other expense, net
Current report
Closed mine obligations decreased in 2025 compared with 2024 due to a change in the estimate of future water treatment costs at Bellaire. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further discussion of our asset retirement obligations.
Current report
During 2025, we terminated the NACCO Combined Defined Benefit Plan (Combined Plan) and settled all future obligations by transferring the remaining benefit obligations to a third-party insurance company. Although the plan was over funded, we recognized a $7.8 million non-cash Pension settlement charge. See Note 1 and Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the Combined Plan.
Current report
During 2025, $14.5 million of excess funds from the terminated Falkirk Defined Benefit Plan were directly transferred to the NACCO 401(k) plan. The NACCO 401(k) plan is a qualified replacement plan; therefore, these funds will be utilized to offset future profit sharing contributions to eligible 401(k) plan participants. During 2025, NACCO and Falkirk’s former customer agreed to settle the corresponding liability for $10.9 million, resulting in a $3.6 million Gain on settlement of excess funding liability. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the excess funds.
Current report
The $28.6 million favorable change in net cash provided by operating activities during 2025 compared with 2024 was primarily due to changes in operating assets and liabilities. Inventory levels at December 31, 2025 and December 31,2024 were relatively consistent, whereas inventories increased during 2024. Accounts receivable decreased during 2025 due to the timing of collections, whereas accounts receivable increased during 2024. These favorable items were partially offset by an unfavorable change in accrued expenses, mainly attributable to a decrease in accrued payroll during the 2025 period, whereas accrued payroll increased during 2024.
Current report
Actual expenditures for 2025 were $8.0 million in the Utility Coal Mining Segment, $32.0 million in the Contract Mining segment, $7.7 million in the Minerals and Royalties segment and $5.6 million in growth business included in Unallocated Items. Capital expenditures were primarily for a dragline and dragline related improvements in the Contract Mining segment.
Current report
During 2025, we invested an additional $15.0 million in Eiger Resources, which holds operated and non-operated working interests in oil and natural gas assets in the Kansas and the Oklahoma portion of the Hugoton basin. This resulted in an increase in Equity method investment in Eiger Resources. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on Eiger Resources.
Current report
The excess funds from the terminated Combined Plan as well as the excess funds from the Falkirk Defined Benefit Plan will be utilized by the NACCO 401(k) plan, which is a qualified replacement plan. These funds will be used for future profit sharing contributions to eligible 401(k) plan participants, which resulted in an increase in Prepaid profit sharing. See Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the excess funds.
Current report
UTILITY COAL MINING SEGMENT
Current report
The results of operations for the Utility Coal Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Current report
CONTRACT MINING SEGMENT
Current report
The results of operations for the Contract Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Current report
Operating profit was comparable during 2025 and 2024. An increase in gross profit was largely offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. The improvement in gross profit was mainly the result of an increase in part sales partially offset by a $1.1 million charge to establish a loss contingency in 2025. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses during 2025 was primarily the result of higher employee-related costs, partially offset by the absence of a $0.9 million prior year charge to establish an allowance against a customer receivable.
Current report
MINERALS AND ROYALTIES SEGMENT
Current report
The results of operations for the Minerals and Royalties segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Current report
Revenues increased 8.8% in 2025 compared with 2024 primarily due to an increase in natural gas revenue as a result of higher natural gas prices and increased production, partially offset by a decrease in oil revenue as a result of lower oil prices and decreased production.
Current report
Operating profit increased by $0.2 million in 2025 compared with 2024, primarily due to improvements in gross profit and earnings of unconsolidated operations. The increase in gross profit was mainly due to higher natural gas revenues. The increase in earnings of unconsolidated operations was primarily related to an additional investment in Eiger Resources during the fourth quarter of 2024. These increases were partially offset by the absence of a $4.5 million prior year gain on sale of land.
Current report
Operating loss increased during 2025 compared with 2024 primarily due to an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses. This increase was mainly the result of higher employee-related costs and increased costs related to our business development projects. Employee-related costs increased primarily due to elevated medical costs and higher share-based incentive compensation expense as a result of an increase in our share price during 2025.
Current report
NACCO Industries is a growing diversified natural resources company with a unique business model strategically positioned to deliver stable and growing financial returns over the long term. Our business model is purposely built for durability and resilience with an expanding portfolio of long-term contracts, relationships and investments that leverage our proven operational expertise, disciplined capital allocation and an entrepreneurial yet patient approach. We have methodically built unique capabilities and clear competitive advantages that allow us to pursue a wide range of growth opportunities, often completely integrated into customers’ operations in partnership-based relationships. We have multiple vectors for value creation, and we are steadfastly committed to delivering compounding returns and expanding investor value over the long term.
Current report
Our foundation rests on a stable base of long-term coal-mining contracts and legacy mineral and royalty assets, which generate dependable recurring cash flows. As new long-term contracts and investments are added across the Company, these new multi-year agreements create a “layering” effect as their contributions compound. This provides cash flow stability. The momentum our operations experienced in 2025, particularly in the second half, is expected to continue into 2026, with meaningful year-over-year improvements in consolidated operating profit, net income and EBITDA.
Current report
At our Utility Coal Mining segment, operated by North American Coal, we expect an increase in operating profit compared with 2025. Improvements at MLMC as a result of an increase in the contractually determined per ton sales price are expected to be partly offset by lower earnings at the unconsolidated mining operations due to reduced income associated with the wind down of reclamation services at Sabine.
Current report
While we expect modest year-over-year improvements at MLMC, the customer's power plant began a maintenance outage in mid-February 2026. The power plant is expected to resume operations in mid-March. Any delay or further changes in demand, dispatch and/or reduced mechanical availability at the power plant could decrease current expectations.
Current report
The Contract Mining segment, operated by North American Mining, serves as our primary mining growth platform. Through continued geographic and mineral expansion, we are building a growing portfolio of long-term contracts that strengthen the foundation for sustained profitability. In October 2025, we secured a multi-year dragline services contract as part of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers construction project in Palm Beach County, Florida. We also anticipate commencing operations at a new limestone quarry in Arizona in 2026. We expect the segment to deliver a significant year-over-year increase in operating profit and Segment Adjusted EBITDA as a result of higher customer demand, earnings contributions from new contracts and continued momentum from 2025 activities.
Current report
Sawtooth, a North American Mining subsidiary, provides exclusive comprehensive mining services at Thacker Pass, which is owned by a joint venture led by Lithium Americas Corp. (TSX: LAC; NYSE: LAC). Sawtooth will supply all of the lithium-bearing ore requirements for our customer's Thacker Pass lithium processing facility, which is currently under construction. This project is providing stable income during construction and is expected to contribute increased income and long-term cash flows once lithium production commences, which is targeted for late 2027.
Current report
The Minerals and Royalties segment, managed by Catapult, has constructed a high-quality, diversified portfolio of oil and gas mineral and royalty interests in the United States. The Catapult team is expanding its portfolio by leveraging a data-driven approach to capital deployment that incorporates a longer-term view of production and development. We believe this provides a competitive advantage in the U.S. market.
Current report
In July 2025, Catapult completed a $4.2 million acquisition of mineral interests within the Permian Basin. The acquisition includes a mix of producing wells, as well as additional development opportunities with existing operators in the area. This segment also has an investment in a company that holds operated and non-operated working interests in oil and natural gas assets. While these investments are expected to contribute favorably to 2026, commodity price forecasts as well as development and production assumptions are expected to result in an overall year-over-year decrease in Minerals and Royalties' operating profit and Segment Adjusted EBITDA, particularly in the second half of the year. Our forecast was developed prior to recent events in the Middle East. Any changes in commodity prices or production as a result of this conflict could alter current expectations.
Current report
Mitigation Resources provides natural resource restoration and reclamation services that include stream and wetland mitigation solutions. Mitigation Resources is successfully leveraging its strong reputation and clear competitive strengths to expand into additional mitigation, restoration and reclamation markets. Mitigation Resources is expected to deliver increasing profitability over time from the sale of mitigation credits and as reclamation and restoration services expand. This business, while currently variable in performance due to permit and project timing, is expected to generate a profit in the second half of 2026 and move toward more consistent results over time as the business expands.
Current report
We continue to invest in our businesses to drive future growth. In 2026, we anticipate total capital expenditures of up to $89 million. The majority of these expenditures relate to business development opportunities and will only be made if the projects meet our growth investment criteria. These anticipated capital investments are expected to result in a use of cash before financing greater than in 2025.
Current report
Our businesses provide critical inputs for electricity generation, construction and development, and the production of industrial minerals and chemicals. As the need for uninterrupted energy grows, industry fundamentals for natural resources are expected to continue to strengthen, reinforcing the critical need to keep existing, reliable baseload resources online. In 2026, the National Coal Council, an advisory committee to the U.S. Secretary of Energy, was re-established. This council is focused on advising the Department of Energy on reinforcing coal’s strategic role in U.S. energy policy and providing actionable advice on sustaining coal plant operations and prioritizing coal to support grid reliability to support our country’s economic competitiveness and national security. The re-establishment of this council and the underlying improving regulatory environment reinforce our confidence in our prospects for 2026, our overall business trajectory and longer-term growth opportunities.
Current report
Our conservative approach to maintaining a strong capital structure and operating discipline minimizes risk, while the compounding effect of a growing portfolio of long-term contracts and deliberate growth investments create a robust foundation for cash flow growth. With a perspective that spans decades, we are methodically building a strong, stable business that is expected to deliver annuity-like returns. This long-term view allows us to leverage our core skills for strategic, measured expansion and pursue opportunities with longer-term horizons and higher returns. We pursue opportunities that other companies with shorter time horizons might overlook. Our commitment is to generate increasing cash flows and return value to stockholders, whether through reinvestment for growth or direct returns such as share repurchases and payment of dividends. We remain confident in our ability to drive growth, expand our capabilities and reward shareholders over the long run.
Removed paragraphs (46)
Previous report
Identifying and assessing whether impairment indicators exist, or if events or changes in circumstances have occurred, including assumptions about future power plant dispatch levels, changes in future sales price, operating costs and other factors that impact anticipated revenue and customer demand, requires significant judgment. We determined that indicators of impairment existed at MLMC during the fourth quarter of 2023 and, as a result, MLMC's long-lived assets were reviewed for impairment. We assessed the recoverability of the MLMC asset group and determined that the assets were not fully recoverable when compared to the remaining future undiscounted cash flows from these assets. As a result, we estimated the fair value of the asset group which resulted in a non-cash, long-lived asset impairment charge of $65.9 million in 2023.
Previous report
See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further discussion of our impairment analysis.
Previous report
Other expense (income), net
Previous report
During 2023, our Board of Directors approved the termination of the Combined Defined Benefit Plan and participants were offered lump-sum distributions as part of the termination process. As a result of the lump-sum distributions, we recognized a non-cash, pension settlement charge of $1.8 million in 2023 on the line Other, net within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the Combined Defined Benefit Plan.
Previous report
On December 1, 2022, we transferred our ownership interest in Midwest AgEnergy Group, LLC (MAG) to HLCP Ethanol Holdco, LLC. We received cash payments totaling $3.6 million during 2023 in connection with MAG and recognized the gain on the line Other, net within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Previous report
The $32.2 million unfavorable change in net cash provided by operating activities during 2024 compared with 2023 was primarily due to an unfavorable change in cash provided by working capital, partially offset by an increase in cash provided by net income adjusted for non-cash items. The unfavorable change in working capital was mainly the result of:
Previous report
•A significant reduction in the Federal income tax receivable during 2023 that did not reoccur in 2024.
Previous report
•The changes in Inventory during the period as coal inventory increased during 2024 compared with a decrease in 2023. In addition, there was a larger increase in mining supplies inventory during 2024.
Previous report
•An increase in Trade accounts receivable during 2024 compared with a decrease during 2023, primarily due to changes in the level and timing of collections as well as the payment terms provided to various customers.
Previous report
Our non-cash items primarily include Long-lived asset impairment charge, Inventory impairment charges, Depreciation, depletion and amortization, Deferred income taxes, Stock-based compensation and (Gain) loss on sale of assets.
Previous report
1031 exchange transactions
Previous report
During 2024, we had cash proceeds from the sale of assets held by a qualified intermediary to facilitate tax-deferred exchange transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code. In May 2024, we sold land for $7.0 million and recognized a $4.5 million gain in the Minerals Management segment. We structured this transaction in a manner that qualified as a like-kind exchange pursuant to Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code and used all of the net proceeds from the sale during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Previous report
Pension and postretirement funding can vary significantly each year due to plan amendments, changes in the market value of plan assets, legislation and our decisions to contribute above the minimum regulatory funding requirements. We do not expect to contribute to our pension plan in 2025 and any settlements will be paid out of pension plan assets. NACCO maintains one supplemental retirement plan that pays monthly benefits to participants directly out of corporate funds. NACCO also expects to make payments related to our other postretirement plans. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on future benefit payments.
Previous report
Compliance with these increasingly stringent regulations could result in higher expenditures for both capital improvements and operating costs. The election of Donald Trump, paired with Republican control of Congress, is likely to have a significant and favorable impact on the regulatory environment, particularly for fossil fuels. President Trump issued an Executive Order on January 20, 2025, "Unleashing American Energy," directing all federal executive agency heads to review all agency actions implicating energy reliability and affordability or potentially burdening the development of domestic energy resources. It is not yet clear how existing regulations affecting existing fossil fuel assets will be reconsidered or repealed. Our policies stress environmental responsibility and compliance with these regulations. See Item 1 and Item 1A. in Part I of this Form 10-K for further discussion of these matters.
Previous report
COAL MINING SEGMENT
Previous report
The results of operations for the Coal Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Previous report
Operating profit (loss) changed favorably by $95.7 million in 2024 compared with 2023. The change in Operating profit (loss) was primarily due to:
Previous report
•The absence of a long-lived asset impairment charge;
Previous report
•A decrease in gross loss, excluding inventory impairment charges;
Previous report
•A decrease in the amortization of intangibles.
Previous report
During 2023, MLMC received notice from its customer related to a boiler issue at the Red Hills Power Plant that began on December 15, 2023. We assessed for impairment and recorded a non-cash, long-lived asset impairment charge of $65.9 million in 2023. The $65.9 million relates exclusively to MLMC; however, $60.8 million and $5.1 million were recorded on the Coal Mining segment and the Minerals Management segment, respectively, as certain MLMC land assets were recorded within the Minerals Management segment. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the 2023 impairment. While this issue has been resolved, it resulted in a reduction in customer demand which had a significant impact on our 2024 results of operations. We recognized income of $13.6 million in 2024 related to business interruption insurance recoveries that partially offset losses as a result of the boiler outage.
Previous report
The reduction in revenues at MLMC was offset by lower cost of goods sold, resulting in a decrease in the gross loss during 2024 compared with 2023. The reduction in cost of goods sold was primarily attributable to changes in the level of coal inventory and costs capitalized into inventory as the decrease in demand resulted in an increase in the coal stockpile during 2024. In addition, the gross loss in 2024 and 2023 included $9.6 million and $7.5 million of inventory impairment charges, respectively, to write down MLMC's coal inventory to its net realizable value.
Previous report
NORTH AMERICAN MINING (NAMining) SEGMENT
Previous report
The results of operations for the NAMining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Previous report
Operating profit increased $2.4 million in 2024 compared with 2023 primarily due to an increase in gross profit and a favorable change on the sale of assets. The improvement in gross profit was mainly the result of favorable pricing and improved margins at the consolidated limestone quarries and an increase in the scope of work at Sawtooth.
Previous report
Selling, general and administrative expenses include a $0.9 million charge to establish an allowance against a receivable from one of NAMining's customers during 2024, which was offset by a reduction in outside services.
Previous report
MINERALS MANAGEMENT SEGMENT
Previous report
The results of operations for the Minerals Management segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Previous report
Revenues increased in 2024 compared with 2023 primarily due to an increase in oil and natural gas revenues as a result of increased oil production volumes related to an acquisition that closed during the fourth quarter of 2023. These improvements were partially offset by a reduction in other revenues, primarily coal royalty income. In addition, revenues during 2023 included $1.4 million of settlement income.
Previous report
Operating profit increased $9.5 million in 2024 compared with 2023, primarily due to the absence of a $5.1 million long-lived asset impairment charge recognized during 2023 and a $4.5 million gain on the sale of land related to legacy operations recognized during 2024. The increase in revenue was offset by an increase in cost of sales, primarily related to higher depletion expense due to increased production volumes. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the 2023 impairment.
Previous report
The operating loss increased during 2024 compared with 2023 primarily due to higher employee-related costs, partially offset by lower expenses for growth initiatives as certain costs expensed in 2023 were capitalized in 2024.
Previous report
NACCO's businesses provide critical inputs for electricity generation, construction and development, and the production of industrial minerals and chemicals. Increasing demand for electricity, on-shoring and current federal policies are creating favorable macroeconomic trends within these industries. We are confident in our trajectory and business prospects as we enter 2025 and prepare for longer-term growth opportunities. Specifically in 2025, we expect to generate a modest year-over-year increase in consolidated operating profit.
Previous report
In 2025, the Coal Mining segment anticipates solid customer demand, with deliveries expected to increase modestly from 2024. We anticipate that evolving policy frameworks may create a more favorable regulatory environment for the fossil fuel industry moving forward. These developments are expected to further support coal as an essential part of the energy mix in the United States for the foreseeable future.
Previous report
The Coal Mining segment expects to benefit from the expiration of temporary price concessions at Falkirk. In addition, MLMC continues to recover from inefficiencies experienced while its customer's Red Hills Power Plant operated on one of two generation units for more than half of 2024. With the power plant now anticipated to operate at a level consistent with historical averages, coal deliveries are expected to return to more normal levels, resulting in moderate cost efficiencies. However, an anticipated reduction in the 2025 contractually determined per ton sales price compared with 2024 is expected to offset these improvements, resulting in lower results at MLMC. An expected increase in operating expenses will contribute to an overall anticipated modest year-over-year decrease in Coal Mining segment operating profit.
Previous report
NAMining is expected to generate increasing levels of operating profit over time as the benefits of new and extended contracts add to the profitability of existing contracts. During 2024, NAMining executed three new or amended existing contracts, which are expected to deliver net present value after-tax cash flows of approximately $20 million over contract terms that range from 6 to 20 years. NAMining is expected to deliver further improved results in 2025, predominantly in the second half of the year based on expectations for comparable year-over-year customer demand. NAMining is continuously seeking to enter into new or amended contracts to solidify its position as the foundation for NACCO's mining-related growth initiatives.
Previous report
NAMining's subsidiary, Sawtooth, is the exclusive provider of comprehensive mining services at Thacker Pass, which is owned by Lithium Americas Corp. (TSX: LAC) (NYSE: LAC). Sawtooth will supply all of the lithium-bearing ore requirements for Thacker Pass, which is currently under construction. We expect to continue to recognize moderate income at Sawtooth while it assists with certain construction services. Once the mine is operating, Sawtooth will be reimbursed for costs of mining, capital expenditures and mine closure and will recognize a contractually agreed upon production fee. In addition to providing comprehensive mining services, Sawtooth will receive a fee to transport clay tailings once lithium production commences. Phase 1 lithium production is estimated to begin in late 2027.
Previous report
The Minerals Management segment, through its Catapult business, has constructed a high-quality, diversified portfolio of oil and gas mineral and royalty interests in the United States. In the fourth quarter of 2024, Minerals Management invested $15.7 million in a company that holds non-operated working interests in oil and natural gas assets in the Kansas and Oklahoma portions of the Hugoton basin. While this investment, accounted for under the equity method, is expected to be accretive to earnings, 2025 operating profit is expected to be comparable to 2024. Lower first-half earnings are expected to be offset by an improvement in the second half given expected trends in oil and natural gas prices and projected volumes.
Previous report
Minerals Management continues to build its portfolio with a mix of producing wells, near-term development opportunities and undeveloped acreage. We believe our data-driven approach to acquisitions and our long-term perspective provides a competitive advantage as undeveloped assets provide additional upside potential over the life of the reserve. While we continue to budget up to $20 million annually to expand our portfolio and provide long-term stable cash flow generation, our business model allows flexibility regarding the cadence and type of investment based on available opportunities that we believe will create long-term value and generate increasing profitability.
Previous report
Mitigation Resources provides stream and wetland mitigation solutions as well as comprehensive reclamation and restoration construction services. This business is an avenue for growth and diversification in an area where NACCO has built a strong reputation based on its substantial knowledge and expertise. Mitigation Resources continued to expand during 2024, and now has 11 mitigation banks and other mitigation projects located in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, Tennessee and Texas.
Previous report
Mitigation Resources also provides ecological restoration services for abandoned surface mines and plans to pursue other environmental restoration projects. It was named a designated provider of abandoned mine land restoration by the State of Texas, and in January 2025 secured a restoration project in Kentucky that is expected to be accretive to earnings beginning in 2026.
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Reworded paragraphs (27)
Previous wording
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations include NACCO Industries, Inc.®(NACCO) and its wholly owned subsidiary, NACCO Natural Resources Corporation® (NACCO Natural Resources and with NACCO collectively, the Company, we, our or us). NACCO Natural Resources brings natural resources to life by delivering aggregates, minerals, reliable fuels and environmental solutions through our robust portfolio of businesses. We operate under three business segments: Coal Mining, North American Mining® (NAMining) and Minerals Management. The Coal Mining segment operates surface coal mines for power generation companies. The NAMining segment is a trusted mining partner for producers of aggregates, activated carbon, lithium and other industrial minerals. The Minerals Management segment, which includes the Catapult Mineral Partners (Catapult) business, acquires and promotes the development of mineral interests. Mitigation Resources of North America® (Mitigation Resources) provides stream and wetland mitigation solutions as well as comprehensive reclamation and restoration construction services. In addition, ReGen Resources is pursuing opportunities to develop new power generation resources.
Current wording
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations include NACCO Industries, Inc.®(NACCO) and its wholly owned subsidiary, NACCO Natural Resources Corporation® (NACCO Natural Resources, and with NACCO collectively, the Company, we, our or us). NACCO Natural Resources brings natural resources to life by delivering aggregates, minerals, reliable fuels and environmental solutions through our robust portfolio of businesses. We operate under three reportable business segments: Utility Coal Mining, Contract Mining and Minerals and Royalties. The Utility Coal Mining segment, operated by North American Coal®, manages surface coal mines that are exclusive, long-term fuel providers for power generation companies. The Contract Mining segment, operated by North American Mining®, is a leading provider of a broad range of specialized, long-term contract mining services. The Minerals and Royalties segment, which includes the Catapult Mineral Partners®(Catapult) business, acquires and promotes the development of mineral and royalty interests and other related investments.
Previous wording
We have items not directly attributable to a reportable segment that are not included in the reported financial results of the operating segment. These items primarily include administrative costs related to public company reporting requirements, including management and board compensation, and the financial results of Bellaire Corporation (Bellaire), Mitigation Resources, ReGen Resources and other developing businesses. Bellaire manages our long-term liabilities related to former Eastern U.S. underground mining activities.
Current wording
We also have items not directly attributable to an operating segment. These items primarily include administrative costs related to public company reporting requirements, including management and board compensation, the financial results of developing businesses and Bellaire Corporation (Bellaire). Bellaire manages long-term liabilities related to former Eastern U.S. underground mining activities.
Previous wording
All financial statement line items below operating profit (loss) (other income, including interest expense and interest income, the provision (benefit) for income taxes and net income (loss)) are presented and discussed within this Form 10-K on a consolidated basis.
Current wording
All financial statement line items below operating profit (other expense, including interest expense and interest income, the benefit for income taxes and net income) are presented and discussed within this Form 10-K on a consolidated basis.
Previous wording
Since significant judgment is required to assess the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns, the ultimate resolution of these events could result in adjustments to our financial statements and such adjustments could be material. We believe the current assumptions, judgments and other considerations used to estimate the current year accrued and deferred tax positions are appropriate. If the actual outcome of future tax consequences differs from these estimates and assumptions, due to changes or future events, the resulting change to the provision for income taxes could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position. Since 2021, we have participated in a voluntary program with the IRS called Compliance Assurance Process (CAP). The objective of CAP is to contemporaneously work with the IRS to achieve federal tax compliance and resolve all or most issues prior to the filing of the tax return.
Current wording
Since significant judgment is required to assess the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns, the ultimate resolution of these events could result in adjustments to our financial statements and such adjustments could be material. We believe the current assumptions, judgments and other considerations used to estimate the current year accrued and deferred tax positions are appropriate. If the actual outcome of future tax consequences differs from these estimates and assumptions, due to changes or future events, the resulting change to the provision for income taxes could have a material impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Previous wording
Interest expense increased in 2024 compared with 2023 due to higher average borrowings as well as an increase in interest rates.
Current wording
Interest expense increased modestly in 2025 compared with 2024 due to higher average borrowings, partially offset by an increase in capitalized interest and lower average interest rates.
Previous wording
Gain on equity securities represents changes in the market price of invested assets reported at fair value. The change during 2024 compared with 2023 was due to fluctuations in the market prices of the exchange-traded equity securities. See Note 9 tothe Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K forfurther discussion of our invested assets reported at fair value.
Current wording
Loss (gain) on equity securities represents changes in the market price of invested assets reported at fair value. The change during 2025 compared with 2024 was due to fluctuations in the market prices of the exchange-traded equity securities. See Note 9 tothe Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K forfurther discussion of our invested assets reported at fair value.
Previous wording
We recorded an income tax benefit of $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 on income before income tax of $33.6 million, or 0.3%, compared to an income tax benefit of $24.6 million on loss before income tax of $64.2 million, or 38.3%, for the year ended December 31, 2023. The years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 both included $4.0 million of discrete tax benefits, primarily from the reversal of uncertain tax provisions. Excluding the $4.0 million of discrete tax benefits in each year, the effective income tax rate in 2024 and 2023 was 11.5% and 32.0%, respectively.
Current wording
We recorded an income tax benefit of $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 on income before income tax of $13.1 million, or (33.7)%, compared to an income tax benefit of $0.1 million on income before income tax of $33.6 million, or (0.3)%, for the year ended December 31, 2024. The years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 included $1.9 million and $4.0 million of discrete tax benefits, primarily for deferred tax adjustments and the reversal of uncertain tax provisions, respectively. Excluding the respective $1.9 million and $4.0 million of discrete tax benefits, the effective income tax rate was (19.5)% and 11.5% in 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Previous wording
The change in the effective income tax rate for 2024 compared to 2023, excluding the impact of the long-lived asset impairment charge and discrete items, is primarily due to an increase in earnings at entities that do not qualify for percentage depletion. The benefit from percentage depletion is not directly related to the amount of pre-tax income recorded in a period. Accordingly, in periods where income or loss before income tax is relatively small, the proportional effect of the benefit from percentage depletion on the effective tax rate may be significant. When income tax expense is recorded, the benefit from percentage depletion decreases the effective income tax rate, while the effect is to increase the effective income tax rate when a benefit for income taxes is recorded.
Current wording
The change in the effective income tax rate for 2025 compared to 2024, excluding the impact of discrete items, is primarily due to an increase in losses at entities that do not benefit from percentage depletion. Losses generated by these entities generate tax deductions at the statutory rate. This shift in the mix of pre-tax income resulted in a benefit tax rate in 2025. In addition, the benefit from percentage depletion is not directly related to the amount of pre-tax income recorded in a period. Accordingly, in periods where income or loss before income tax is relatively small, the proportional effect of the benefit from percentage depletion on the effective tax rate may be significant. When income tax expense is recorded, the benefit from percentage depletion decreases the effective income tax rate, while the effect is to increase the effective income tax rate when a benefit for income taxes is recorded.
Previous wording
The change in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to higher additions in debt borrowings during 2024 compared with 2023, partially offset by increased share repurchases and debt issuance costs during 2024. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for a discussion of our stock repurchase programs.
Current wording
The change in net cash (used for) provided by financing activities was primarily due to relatively consistent debt borrowings during 2025 compared with additions during 2024. This change was partially offset by decreases in share repurchases and debt issuance costs during 2025. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for a discussion of our stock repurchase programs.
Previous wording
In September 2024, NACCO Natural Resources amended the secured revolving line of credit (Facility) to increase the revolving credit commitments to $200.0 million and extend the maturity to September 2028. Borrowings outstanding under the Facility were $70.0 million at December 31, 2024. At December 31, 2024, the excess availability under the Facility was $99.1 million, which reflects a reduction for outstanding letters of credit of $30.9 million.
Current wording
In September 2024, NACCO Natural Resources amended its secured revolving line of credit (Facility) to increase the revolving credit commitments to $200.0 million and extend the maturity to September 2028. Borrowings outstanding under the Facility were $75.0 million at December 31, 2025. At December 31, 2025, the excess availability under the Facility was $74.5 million, which reflects a reduction for outstanding letters of credit of $50.5 million.
Previous wording
The Facility has performance-based pricing, which sets interest rates based upon NACCO Natural Resources achieving various levels of debt to EBITDA ratios, as defined in the Facility. Borrowings bear interest at a floating rate plus a margin based on the level of debt to EBITDA ratio achieved. The applicable margins, effective December 31, 2024, for base rate and Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate loans were 1.50% and 2.50%, respectively. The Facility has a commitment fee which is based upon achieving various levels of debt to EBITDA ratios. The commitment fee was 0.40% on the unused commitment at December 31, 2024. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the average borrowing under the Facility was $27.2 million and $6.2 million, respectively, and the weighted-average annual interest rate was 8.83% and 6.06%, respectively.
Current wording
The Facility has performance-based pricing, which sets interest rates based upon NACCO Natural Resources achieving various levels of debt to EBITDA ratios, as defined in the Facility. Borrowings bear interest at a floating rate plus a margin based on the level of debt to EBITDA ratio achieved. The applicable margins, effective December 31, 2025, for base rate and Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate loans were 1.50% and 2.50%, respectively. The Facility has a commitment fee which is based upon achieving various levels of net debt to EBITDA ratios. The commitment fee was 0.40% on the unused commitment at December 31, 2025. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the average borrowing under the Facility was $57.3 million and $27.2 million, respectively, and the weighted-average annual interest rate was 7.21% and 8.83%, respectively.
Previous wording
The Facility contains restrictive covenants, which require, among other things, NACCO Natural Resources to maintain a maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio of 2.75 to 1.00 and an interest coverage ratio of not less than 4.00 to 1.00. The Facility provides the ability to make loans, dividends and advances to NACCO, with some restrictions based on maintaining a maximum debt to EBITDA ratio of 1.50 to 1.00, or if greater than 1.50 to 1.00, a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.10 to 1.00. At December 31, 2024, NACCO Natural Resources was in compliance with all financial covenants in the Facility.
Current wording
The Facility contains restrictive covenants, which require, among other things, NACCO Natural Resources to maintain a maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio of 2.75 to 1.00 and an interest coverage ratio of not less than 4.00 to 1.00. The Facility provides the ability to make loans, dividends and advances to NACCO, with some restrictions based on maintaining a maximum net debt to EBITDA ratio of 1.50 to 1.00, or if greater than 1.50 to 1.00, a Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.10 to 1.00. At December 31, 2025, NACCO Natural Resources was in compliance with all financial covenants in the Facility.
Previous wording
Following is a table which summarizes actual and planned expenditures (in millions):
Current wording
Following is a table which summarizes expenditures (in millions):
Previous wording
Planned expenditures for 2025 are expected to be approximately $13 million in the Coal Mining segment, $17 million in the NAMining segment, $20 million in the Minerals Management segment and $8 million in growth businesses included in Unallocated Items.
Current wording
Capital expenditures for 2026 are expected to be up to $6 million in the Utility Coal Mining segment, $36 million in the Contract Mining segment, $20 million in the Minerals and Royalties segment and $27 million in growth businesses included in
Previous wording
Expenditures are expected to be funded from internally generated funds and/or bank borrowings.
Current wording
Unallocated Items. The majority of these expenditures relate to business development opportunities and will only be made if the projects meet our growth investment criteria. Expenditures are expected to be funded from internally generated funds and/or bank borrowings.
Previous wording
The increase in other net tangible assets was mainly the result of increases in Property, plant and equipment, Other non-current assets and Inventory during 2024. The increase in Other non-current asset was primarily due to our investment of $15.7 million in Eiger, which holds non-operated working interests in oil and natural gas assets in the Kansas and the Oklahoma portion of the Hugoton basin. The increase in Inventory was mainly due to higher mining supplies and coal inventory.
Current wording
The increase in other net tangible assets was mainly the result of increases in Property, plant and equipment, the Equity method investment in Eiger Resources and the establishment of the Prepaid profit sharing asset during 2025.
Previous wording
We utilize letters of credit to support commitments made in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, outstanding letters of credit totaled $30.9 million and $34.9 million, respectively.
Current wording
We utilize letters of credit to support commitments made in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, outstanding letters of credit totaled $50.5 million and $30.9 million, respectively.
Previous wording
We are affected by the regulations of numerous agencies, particularly the Federal Office of Surface Mining, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and associated state regulatory authorities. In addition, we closely monitor proposed legislation and regulation concerning SMCRA, CAA, ACE, CWA, RCRA, CERCLA and other regulatory actions.
Current wording
We are affected by the regulations of numerous agencies, particularly the Federal Office of Surface Mining, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and associated state regulatory authorities. In addition, we closely monitor proposed legislation and regulation concerning SMCRA, CAA, ACE, CWA, RCRA, CERCLA, OBBBA and other regulatory actions. See Item 1 and Item 1A. in Part I of this Form 10-K for further discussion of these matters.
Previous wording
Tons of coal delivered by the Coal Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Current wording
Tons of coal delivered by the Utility Coal Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Previous wording
Revenues decreased 19.7% in 2024 compared with 2023 due to a reduction in customer requirements at MLMC as a result of a boiler issue at the customer's Red Hills Power Plant.
Current wording
Revenues increased 28.5% in 2025 compared with 2024 primarily due to an increase in customer requirements at MLMC partially offset by a reduction in the contractually determined per ton sales price. A boiler issue at the customer's Red Hills Power Plant reduced customer requirements in 2024.
Previous wording
•Business interruption insurance recoveries for the boiler issue at the Red Hills Power Plant;
Current wording
Operating profit decreased by $7.2 million in 2025 compared with 2024 primarily due to the absence of MLMC's business interruption insurance recoveries for the boiler issue at the Red Hills Power Plant. This unfavorable change was partially offset by a decrease in gross loss and an increase in earnings of unconsolidated operations. Gross loss was favorable during 2025 compared with the 2024 period, primarily due to an increase in customer requirements and a reduction in cost per ton delivered. The increase in earnings of unconsolidated operations was primarily due to a higher per ton management fee at Falkirk as temporary price concessions ended in the second quarter of 2024.
Previous wording
Aggregate tons delivered by the NAMining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Current wording
Aggregate tons delivered by the Contract Mining segment were as follows for the years ended December 31:
Previous wording
Revenues excluding reimbursable costs increased 32.6% in 2024 compared with 2023, mainly due to favorable pricing and delivery mix at the consolidated limestone quarries and an increase in the scope of work at Sawtooth. Reimbursable costs, which have an offsetting amount in cost of sales and have no impact on gross profit, also increased during 2024.
Current wording
Total revenues increased in 2025 compared with 2024, primarily due to an increase in reimbursable costs, which have an offsetting amount in cost of sales and have no impact on gross profit. Revenues excluding reimbursable costs increased 8.7% in 2025 compared with 2024, mainly due to an increase in part sales.
Previous wording
The following table identifies the components of change in Operating profit (loss) for 2024 compared with 2023:
Current wording
The following table identifies the components of change in Operating profit for 2025 compared with 2024.
Previous wording
Oil and natural gas prices have been historically volatile and may continue to be volatile in the future. The table below shows the average price as reported by the United States Energy Information Administration for the twelve months ended December 31:
Current wording
Oil and natural gas prices have been historically volatile and may continue to be volatile in the future. The table below shows the average price as reported by the United States Energy Information Administration for the years ended December 31:
Previous wording
These indicated prices do not necessarily reflect the contract terms for our sales. As an owner of royalty and mineral interests, our access to information concerning activity and operations of our royalty and mineral interests is limited. We do not have information that would be available to a company with working interests in oil and natural gas operations because detailed information is not generally available to owners of royalty and mineral interests.
Current wording
As an owner of royalty and mineral interests, our access to information concerning activity and operations of our royalty and mineral interests is limited. We do not have information that would be available to a company with working interests in oil and natural gas operations because detailed information is not generally available to owners of royalty and mineral interests.
Previous wording
The statements contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are made subject to certain risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those presented. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. Among the factors that could cause plans, actions and results to differ materially from current expectations are, without limitation: (1) changes to or termination of customer or other third-party contracts, or a customer or other third party default under a contract, (2) any customer's premature facility closure or extended project development delay, (3) regulatory actions, including the United States EPA's rules finalized in 2024 relating to mercury and greenhouse gas emissions for coal-fired power plants, changes in mining permit requirements or delays in obtaining mining permits that could affect deliveries to customers, (4) a significant reduction in purchases by the Company's customers, including as a result of changes in coal consumption patterns of U.S. electric power generators, or changes in the power industry that would affect demand for the Company's coal and other mineral reserves, (5) changes in the prices of hydrocarbons, particularly diesel fuel, natural gas, natural gas liquids and oil as a result of factors such as OPEC and/or government actions, geopolitical developments, economic conditions and regulatory changes, as well as supply and demand dynamics, (6) changes in development plans by third-party lessees of the Company's mineral interests, (7) failure or delays by the Company's lessees in achieving expected production of natural gas and other hydrocarbons; the availability and cost of transportation and processing services in the areas where the Company's oil and gas reserves are located; federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing and U.S. export of natural gas; and the ability of lessees to obtain capital or financing needed for well-development operations and leasing and development of oil and gas reserves on federal lands, (8) failure to obtain adequate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, (9) supply chain disruptions, including price increases and shortages of parts and materials, (10) changes in tax laws or regulatory requirements, including the elimination of, or reduction in, the percentage depletion tax deduction, changes in mining or power plant emission regulations and health, safety or env…
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Current wording
The statements contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are made subject to certain risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those presented. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. Among the factors that could cause plans, actions and results to differ materially from current expectations are, without limitation: (1) a significant reduction in demand by the Company's customers, (2) weather conditions, extended power plant outages, liquidity events or other events that would change the level of customers' coal or aggregates requirements, (3) changes to or termination of customer or other third-party contracts, or a customer or other third party default under a contract, (4) changes in the prices of hydrocarbons, particularly diesel fuel, natural gas, natural gas liquids and oil as a result of factors such as OPEC and/or government actions, geopolitical developments, economic conditions and regulatory changes, vehicle electrification, as well as supply and demand dynamics, (5) changes in development plans by third-party lessees of the Company's mineral interests, (6) failure or delays by the Company's lessees in achieving expected production of natural gas and other hydrocarbons; the availability and cost of transportation and processing services in the areas where the Company's oil and gas reserves are located; and the ability of lessees to obtain capital or financing needed for well-development operations and leasing and development of oil and gas reserves on federal lands, (7) any customer's premature facility closure or extended project development delay, (8) federal and state legislative and regulatory actions affecting fossil fuels, (9) supply chain disruptions, including price increases and shortages of parts and materials, inclusive of tariff effects, (10) failure to obtain adequate insurance coverages at reasonable rates, (11) changes in tax laws or regulatory requirements, including the elimination of, or reduction in, the percentage depletion tax deduction, changes in mining or power plant emission regulations and health, safety or environmental legislation, (12) impairment charges, (13) changes in costs related to geological and geotechnical conditions, repairs and maintenance, new equipment and replacement parts, fuel or other similar items, (14) equipment problems that could affect deliveries to customers, (15) changes in the costs to rec…
Excerpt shortened here; the source contains the full paragraph.
Rearranged current paragraphs (4)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
Since 2021, we have participated in a voluntary program with the IRS called Compliance Assurance Process (CAP). The objective of CAP is to contemporaneously work with the IRS to achieve federal tax compliance and resolve all or most issues prior to the filing of the tax return.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
These indicated prices do not necessarily reflect the contract terms for our sales.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
See Item 2. Properties on page 40 in this Form 10-K discussion of our proved reserves.
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The following table identifies the components of change in Operating profit for 2025 compared with 2024.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (2)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
•An increase in the earnings of unconsolidated operations; and
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
The increase in earnings of unconsolidated operations was primarily due to improved results at Falkirk, primarily due to a higher per ton management fee beginning in June 2024 when temporary price concessions ended and an increase in customer demand. Improved results at Coteau also contributed to the increase in earnings of unconsolidated operations.