LAM RESEARCH CORP

There were no retrospective changes to the Consolidated Statements of Operation for any quarters in the two most recent fiscal years that would require disclosure under Item 302 of Regulation S-K.

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

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(in thousands, except per share data)

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(in thousands)

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(in thousands, except per share data)

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(in thousands)

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(1)Restricted cash is reported within Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except per common share data)

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

June 29, 2025

Note 1: Company and Industry Information

The Company designs, manufactures, markets, refurbishes, and services semiconductor processing equipment used in the fabrication of integrated circuits. Semiconductor manufacturing, our customers’ business, involves the complete fabrication of multiple dies or integrated circuits on a wafer. This involves the repetition of a set of core processes and can require hundreds of individual steps. Fabricating these devices requires highly sophisticated process technologies to integrate an increasing array of new materials with precise control at the atomic scale. Along with meeting technical requirements, wafer processing equipment must deliver high productivity and be cost-effective.

The Company sells its products and services primarily to companies involved in the production of semiconductors in the United States, China, Europe, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and Taiwan.

The semiconductor industry is cyclical in nature and has historically experienced periodic downturns and upturns. Today’s leading indicators of changes in customer investment patterns, such as electronics demand, memory pricing, and foundry utilization rates, may not be any more reliable than in prior years. Demand for the Company’s equipment can vary significantly from period to period as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, economic conditions; supply, demand, and prices for semiconductors; customer capacity requirements; and the Company’s ability to develop and market competitive products. For these and other reasons, the Company’s results of operations for fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023 may not necessarily be indicative of future operating results.

Common Stock Split: On October 2, 2024, the Company effected aten-for-one stock split of its common stock and a proportionate increase in the number of authorized shares. All share and per share amounts throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock split. The par value per share remains unchanged at $0.001 per share after the stock split.

Reclassification: Certain amounts for the fiscal year 2024 Consolidated Balance Sheet and notes to the financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal year 2025 presentation.

Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other assumptions it believes to be applicable and evaluates them on an ongoing basis to ensure they remain reasonable under current conditions. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition: The Company generally considers documentation of terms with an approved purchase order as a customer contract, provided that collection is considered probable, which is assessed based on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by credit checks, payment histories, and/or other circumstances. The transaction price for contracts with customers is allocated among the identified performance obligations and consists of both fixed and variable consideration provided it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur when the uncertainty related to variable consideration is resolved. Fixed consideration includes amounts to be contractually billed to the customer while variable consideration includes estimates for discounts and credits for future usage which are based on contractual terms outlined in volume purchase agreements and other factors known at the time. The Company generally invoices customers at shipment and for professional services as provided. Customer invoices are generally due within 30 to 90 days after issuance. The Company’s contracts with customers typically do not include significant financing components as the period between the transfer of performance obligations and timing of payment are generally within one year. Revenue for systems and spares are recognized at a point in time, which is generally upon shipment or delivery. Revenue from services is recognized over time as services are completed or ratably over the contractual period of generally one year or less. Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Inventory Valuation: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using standard costs that approximate actual costs on a first-in, first-out basis. Management evaluates the need to record adjustments for impairment of inventory at least quarterly. The Company’s policy is to assess the valuation of all inventories including manufacturing raw materials, work-in-process, finished goods, and spare parts in each reporting period. Inventory in excess of management’s estimated usage requirement and obsolete inventory is written down to its estimated net realizable value if less than cost. Estimates of net realizable value include but are not limited to management’s forecasts related to customer demand, the Company’s future manufacturing schedules, technological and/or market obsolescence, general semiconductor market conditions, and possible alternative uses. If future customer demand or market conditions are less favorable than the Company’s projections, additional inventory write-downs may be required and would be reflected in cost of goods sold in the period in which the revision is made.

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Warranty: Typically, the sale of semiconductor capital equipment includes providing parts and service warranties to customers as part of the overall price of the system. The Company provides standard warranties for its systems. The Company records a provision for estimated warranty expenses to cost of sales for each system when it recognizes revenue. The Company does not maintain general or unspecified reserves; all warranty reserves are related to specific systems. All actual or estimated parts and labor costs incurred in subsequent periods are charged to those established reserves on a system-by-system basis.

While the Company periodically monitors the performance and cost of warranty activities, if actual costs incurred are different than its estimates, the Company may recognize adjustments to provisions in the period in which those differences arise or are identified.

Equity-based Compensation — Employee Stock Plans: The Company recognizes the fair value of equity-based compensation expense. The Company determines the fair value of its service-based restricted stock units based upon the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock at the date of grant, discounted for dividends, and estimates the fair value of its market-based performance restricted stock units using a Monte Carlo simulation model at the date of the grant. The Company estimates the fair value of its stock options using a Black-Scholes option valuation model. This model requires the input of subjective assumptions, including expected stock price volatility and the estimated life of each award. The Company amortizes the fair value of equity-based awards over the vesting periods of the award and has elected to use the straight-line method of amortization.

Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as the tax effect of carryforwards. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Realization of its net deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income. The Company believes it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized; however, ultimate realization could be negatively impacted by market conditions and other variables not known or anticipated at this time. In the event that the Company determines that it will not be able to realize all or part of its net deferred tax assets, an adjustment will be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made. Likewise, if the Company later determines that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized, then the previously provided valuation allowance will be reversed. The Company has an accounting policy election to record deferred taxes related to GILTI.

The Company recognizes the benefit from a tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon audit based solely on the technical merits of the tax position. The Company has a policy to include interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: The valuation of intangible assets acquired in a business combination requires the use of management estimates including but not limited to estimating future expected cash flows from assets acquired and determining discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Estimates associated with the accounting for acquisitions may change as additional information becomes available. The Company amortizes intangible assets with estimable useful lives over their respective estimated useful lives.

Goodwill represents the amount by which the purchase price in each business combination exceeds the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Each component of the Company for which discrete financial information is available and for which management regularly reviews the results of operations is considered a reporting unit. All goodwill acquired in a business combination is assigned to one or more reporting units as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is assigned to the Company’s reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. The goodwill assigned to a reporting unit is the difference between the acquisition consideration assigned to the reporting unit on a relative fair value basis and the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities that can be specifically attributed to the reporting unit.

The Company reviews goodwill at least annually for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year and if certain events or indicators of impairment occur between annual impairment tests. When reviewing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. In performing a qualitative assessment, it considers business conditions and other factors including, but not limited to (i) adverse industry or economic trends, (ii) restructuring actions and lower projections that may impact future operating results, (iii) sustained decline in share price, and (iv) overall financial performance and other events affecting the reporting units. If the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative impairment test is performed by estimating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing it to its carrying value, including goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company didnot record impairments of goodwill during the years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, or June 25, 2023.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets (Excluding Goodwill): The Company reviews intangible assets whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If such indicators are present, the Company determines whether the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets is less than their carrying value. If the sum is less, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the assets over their respective fair values. Fair value is determined by discounted future cash flows, appraisals, or other methods. The Company recognizes an impairment charge to the extent the fair value attributable to the asset are less than the asset’s carrying value. The fair value of the asset then becomes the asset’s new carrying value, which the Company depreciates over the remaining estimated useful life of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value. For the periods presented,

Lam Research Corporation 2025 10-K 45 impairment of long-lived assets werenot material. In addition, for fully amortized intangible assets, we derecognize the gross cost and accumulated amortization in the period we determine the intangible asset no longer enhances future cash flows.

Fiscal Year: The Company follows a 52/53-week fiscal reporting calendar, and its fiscal year ends on the last Sunday of June each year. The Company’s fiscal years ending on June 29, 2025 and June 25, 2023 included 52 weeks, and the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 included 53 weeks.

Principles of Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Cash Equivalents and Investments: Investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less are considered cash equivalents. The Company also invests in certain mutual funds, which include equity and fixed-income securities, related to its obligations under its deferred compensation plan, and such investments are classified as trading securities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. All of the Company’s other investments are classified as available-for-sale at the respective balance sheet dates. The Company accounts for its investment portfolio at fair value. Investments classified as trading securities are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices. Differences between the cost and fair value of trading securities are recognized as Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The investments classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices, and difference between the cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities is presented as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). The Company evaluates its investments with fair value less than amortized cost by first considering whether the Company has the intent to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. In either such situation, the difference between fair value and amortized cost is recognized as a loss in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Where such sales are not likely to occur, the Company considers whether a portion of the loss is the result of a credit loss. To the extent such losses are the result of credit losses, those amounts are recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. All other differences between fair value and amortized cost are recognized in other comprehensive income. No such losses were recognized through the Consolidated Statement of Operations during the years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024 and June 25, 2023.

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses: The Company maintains an allowance for expected losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company evaluates its allowance for expected credit losses based on a combination of factors. In circumstances where specific invoices are deemed uncollectible, the Company provides a specific allowance against the amount due to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount it reasonably believes will be collected. The Company also provides allowances based on its write-off history. Bad debt expense was not material for fiscal years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023.

Property and Equipment: Property and equipment is stated at cost, less recognized impairments, if any. Equipment is depreciated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three tofive years. Furniture and fixtures are depreciated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally five years. Software is amortized by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally three tofive years. Buildings are depreciated by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally twenty-five years. Leasehold improvements are generally amortized by the straight-line method over the shorter of the life of the related asset or the term of the underlying lease. Amortization of finance leases is included with depreciation expense.

Derivative Financial Instruments: In the normal course of business, the Company’s financial position is routinely subjected to market risk associated with interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The Company’s policy is to mitigate the effect of interest rate fluctuations on certain proposed debt instruments and exchange rate fluctuations on certain foreign currency denominated business exposures. The Company has a policy that allows the use of derivative financial instruments to hedge foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on forecasted revenue and expenses and net monetary assets or liabilities denominated in various foreign currencies. The Company carries derivative financial instruments (derivatives) on the balance sheet at their fair values. The Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. The Company does not believe that it is exposed to more than a nominal amount of credit risk in its interest rate and foreign currency hedges, as counterparties are large, global and well-capitalized financial institutions. The Company maintains an active currency hedging program and believes there is minimal risk that appropriate derivatives to maintain the Company’s hedging program would not be available in the future.

To hedge foreign currency risks, the Company uses foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts, where possible and prudent. These hedge contracts are valued using standard valuation formulas with assumptions about future foreign currency exchange rates derived from existing exchange rates, interest rates, and other market factors.

The Company considers its most current forecast in determining the level of foreign currency denominated revenue and expenses to hedge as cash flow hedges. The Company combines these forecasts with historical trends to establish the portion of its expected volume to be hedged. The revenue and expenses are hedged and designated as cash flow hedges to protect the Company from exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. If the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, the related hedge gains and losses on the cash flow hedge are reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to Other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statement of Operations at that time.

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Leases: Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company includes renewals and terminations in the calculation of the right-of-use asset and liability when the provision is reasonably certain to be exercised. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments when the rate implicit in the lease is unknown.

The Company has elected the following practical expedients and accounting policy elections for accounting under ASC 842: (i) leases with an initial lease term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; and (ii) lease and non-lease components of a contract are accounted for as a single lease component.

Guarantees: The Company’s guarantees generally include certain indemnifications to its lessors for environmental matters, potential overdraft protection obligations to financial institutions related to one of the Company’s subsidiaries, indemnifications to the Company’s customers for certain infringement of third-party intellectual property rights by its products and services, indemnifications for its officers and directors, and the Company’s warranty obligations under sales of its products.

Government Assistance: For government grants, the Company recognizes a benefit in the Consolidated Statement of Operations, as a reduction to the expense for which the individual government grant (“Grant” or “Grants”) is designed to compensate, over the duration of the program when the Company has reasonable assurance that it will comply with the conditions under the Grant and that the Grant will be received. Grants related to investments in property and equipment are recognized as a reduction to the cost basis of the underlying assets with an ongoing reduction to depreciation expense over the assets’ estimated useful life. Operating-related grants are recorded as a reduction to expense in the same line item on the Consolidated Statements of Operation as the expenditure for which the incentive is intended to compensate.

Foreign Currency Translation: The Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, primarily generate and expend cash in their local currency. Accordingly, all balance sheet accounts of these local functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the fiscal period-end exchange rate, and income and expense accounts are translated into U.S. dollars using average rates in effect for the period, except for costs related to those balance sheet items that are translated using historical exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as cumulative translation adjustments and are a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Remeasurement adjustments are recorded in Other income (expense), net, where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency.

Note 3: Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted or Effective

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which expands disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and requires more enhanced information about a reportable segment’s expenses, interim segment profit or loss, and how a public entity’s chief operating decision maker uses reported segment profit or loss information in assessing segment performance and allocating resources. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this standard in fiscal year 2025 for the annual reporting period ending June 29, 2025, with retrospective disclosure of prior periods presented. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 did not have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements other than additional footnote disclosures. Refer to Note 19: Segment, Geographic Information, and Major Customers.

Updates Not Yet Effective

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires public entities to disclose consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and for income taxes paid. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is required to adopt this standard prospectively in fiscal year 2026 for the annual reporting period ending June 28, 2026. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have an impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements other than additional footnote disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses,” which requires disaggregation of certain expenses in the notes to the financial statements to provide enhanced transparency into the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 which clarified the effective date for entities that do not have an annual reporting period that ends on December 31st. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is required to adopt this standard in fiscal year 2028 for the annual reporting period ending June 25, 2028 either (1) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or (2) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company will apply the guidance prospectively and is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Note 4: Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated between systems and customer-support related revenue:

Systems revenue includes sales of new leading-edge equipment in deposition, etch, clean and other water fabrication markets.

Customer support-related revenue includes sales of customer service, spares, upgrades, and non-leading-edge equipment from the Company’s Reliant® product line.

The Company operates inone reportable business segment: manufacturing and servicing of wafer processing semiconductor manufacturing equipment. Refer to Note 19: Segment, Geographic Information, and Major Customers for additional information regarding the Company’s evaluation of reportable business segments and the disaggregation of revenue by the geographic regions in which the Company operates.

Additionally, the Company serves three primary markets: memory, foundry, and logic/integrated device manufacturing. The following table presents the percentages of leading- and non-leading-edge equipment and upgrade revenue to each of the primary markets the Company serves:

Deferred Revenue

Revenue of $988.8 million included in deferred profit at June 30, 2024 was recognized during fiscal year 2025, representing 64% of the $1,551.6 million of deferred revenue as of June 30, 2024.

The following table summarizes the transaction price for contracts that have not yet been recognized as revenue as of June 29, 2025 and when the Company expects to recognize the amounts as revenue:

(1) This amount is reported in Deferred profit on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as the customers can demand the performance to be satisfied at any time.

Note 5: Equity-based Compensation Plan

The Company has stock plans that provide for grants of non-qualified equity-based awards of the Company’s Common Stock to eligible employees and non-employee directors, including stock options, service-based restricted stock units (“service-based RSUs”), and market-based performance restricted stock units (“market-based PRSUs”). An option is a right to purchase Common Stock at a set price. A restricted stock unit award is an agreement to issue a set number of shares of Common Stock at the time of vesting. The Company also has an employee stock purchase plan that allows eligible employees to purchase its Common Stock at a discount through payroll deductions.

The Lam Research Corporation 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) was approved by the stockholders and provides for the grant of non-qualified equity-based awards to eligible employees, consultants, advisors, and non-employee directors of the Company and its subsidiaries. As of the date of stockholder approval,192,320,680 authorized shares were available for issuance under the Plan; as of June 29, 2025, 62,666,508 shares remain available for future issuance to satisfy stock option exercises and vesting of awards.

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The Company recognized the following equity-based compensation expense (including expense related to the employee stock purchase plan) and related income tax benefit in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:

The estimated fair value of the Company’s equity-based awards, less expected forfeitures, is amortized over the awards’ vesting terms on a straight-line basis.

Restricted Stock Units

During fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, the Company issued both service-based RSUs and market-based PRSUs. Service-based RSUs typically vest annually over a period of 3 years or less. Market-based PRSUs generally vest three years from the grant date if certain performance criteria are achieved and require continued employment.

For the majority of market-based PRSUs granted in the 2025 fiscal year, the number of shares that can be earned over the performance period is based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to other companies in the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (“XSOX”), and ranges from 0% to 150% of target. Total shareholder return is a measure of stock price appreciation in the performance period, adjusted for the reinvestment of dividends. Relative TSR performance is measured using the average closing prices of each XSOX company for the 50-trading days prior to the dates the performance period begins and ends. The target number of shares is earned based on the percentile ranking of the Company’s TSR among the TSRs for the companies making up the XSOX Index. If the Company’s TSR is negative over the performance period, the payout will be capped at 100%, regardless of the percentile ranking.

For market-based PRSUs granted in the 2024 and 2023 fiscal years, the number of shares that can be earned over the performance periods is based on the Company’s Common Stock price performance compared to the market price performance of the Philadelphia Semiconductor Total Return Index (“XSOX”), and ranges from 0% to 150% of target. The stock price performance or market price performance is measured using the average closing price for the 50-trading days prior to the dates the performance period begins and ends. The target number of shares represented by the market-based PRSUs is increased by 2% of target for each 1% that Common Stock price performance exceeds the market price performance of the designated benchmark index.

The following table summarizes the Company’s combined service-based RSUs and market-based PRSUs:

Of the 8,964 thousand shares outstanding at June 29, 2025,7,212 thousand are service-based RSUs and 1,752 thousand are market-based PRSUs. The fair value of the Company’s service-based RSUs was calculated based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant, discounted for dividends. The fair value of the Company’s market-based PRSUs granted during fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023 was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model at the date of the grant, resulting in a weighted average grant-date fair value per share of $85.18, $102.77, and $46.62, respectively. The total fair value of service-based RSUs and market-based RSUs that vested during fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023 was $249.9 million, $242.8 million, and $224.4 million, respectively.

As of June 29, 2025, the Company had $521.3 million of total unrecognized compensation expense which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of approximately 2.2 years.

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Stock Options

The Company granted stock options with a 7-year maximum contractual term to a limited group of executive officers during fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023. Stock options typically vest over a period ofthree years or less. The Company had 1,285 thousand options outstanding at June 29, 2025 with a weighted-average exercise price of $57.53 per share, of which 950 thousand were exercisable with a weighted-average exercise price of $49.90 per share. As of June 29, 2025, the Company had $8.8 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options granted and outstanding which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 1.6 years.

ESPP

The Company has an employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”) which allows employees to designate a portion of their base compensation to be deducted and used to purchase the Company’s Common Stock at a purchase price per share of the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the first or last day of the applicable purchase period. Typically, each offering period lasts 12 months and containsone interim purchase date.

During fiscal year 2025, approximately 2,468 thousand shares of the Company’s Common Stock were sold to employees under the ESPP. At June 29, 2025, approximately 48.4 million shares were available for purchase, and the Company had $47.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining period of less thanten months.

Note 6: Other Income (Expense), Net

The significant components of Other income (expense), net, were as follows:

Interest income in the year ended June 29, 2025 decreased compared to the year ended June 30, 2024 primarily due to lower interest rates, partially offset by higher cash balances. Interest income in the year ended June 30, 2024 increased compared to the year ended June 25, 2023, primarily as a result of higher yields and higher cash balances.

Interest expense decreased in fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 primarily due to the maturity of $500 million of the Company’s senior notes in March 2025. Interest expense was flat in fiscal year 2024 compared to fiscal year 2023.

The gains on deferred compensation plan related assets, net in fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023 were driven by fluctuations in the fair market value of the underlying funds.

The variations in other, net for the year ended June 29, 2025 compared to the years ended June 30, 2024 and June 25, 2023 were primarily driven by fluctuations in the fair market value of equity investments.

Note 7: Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes were as follows:

Lam Research Corporation 2025 10-K 50

Significant components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes attributable to income before income taxes were as follows:

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes, as well as the tax effect of carryforwards. Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

Lam Research Corporation 2025 10-K 51

Realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets is based upon the weighting of available evidence, including such factors as the recent earnings history and expected future taxable income. The Company believes it is more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will be realized with the exception of $424.3 million primarily related to California deferred tax assets. At June 29, 2025, the Company continued to record a valuation allowance to offset the entire California deferred tax asset balance due to the single sales factor apportionment resulting in lower taxable income in California.

At June 29, 2025, the Company had state tax credit carryforwards of $642.2 million. Substantially all of these credits can be carried forward indefinitely.

A reconciliation of income tax expense provided at the federal statutory rate (21% in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023) to actual income tax expense is as follows:

Effective from fiscal year 2022, the Company has a 15-year tax incentive ruling in Malaysia for one of its foreign subsidiaries. The impact of the tax incentive decreased worldwide taxes by approximately $584.8 million, $416.3 million, and $576.0 million for fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The benefit of the tax incentive on diluted earnings per share was approximately $0.45, $0.32, and $0.42 in fiscal years 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries included in consolidated retained earnings that are indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations aggregated to approximately $1.3 billion at June 29, 2025. If these earnings were remitted to the United States, they would be subject to foreign withholding taxes of approximately $152.1 million at the current statutory rates. The potential tax expense associated with these foreign withholding taxes would be offset by $121.7 million of foreign tax credits that would be generated in the United States upon remittance. Other potential tax consequences, such as state income inclusions of these earnings, cannot be estimated.

On July 4, 2025, the OBBBA was signed into law by U.S. President Donald Trump. The impact on income taxes due to change in legislation is required, under ASC 740, Income Taxes, to be recognized in the period in which the law is enacted, which is during the Company’s fiscal year 2026. In general, the OBBBA introduces changes to U.S. taxation, including changes in the taxation of non-U.S. income. The Company is currently assessing the potential implications of these changes to its fiscal year 2026 Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company’s gross uncertain tax positions were $720.3 million, $723.8 million, and $640.2 million as of June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023, respectively. During fiscal year 2025, gross uncertain tax positions decreased by $3.5 million. The amount of uncertain tax positions that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate was $604.6 million, $622.6 million, and $550.1 million, as of June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023, respectively.

Lam Research Corporation 2025 10-K 52

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross uncertain tax positions were as follows:

The Company had accrued $86.3 million, $105.7 million, and $74.4 million cumulatively for gross interest and penalties as of June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023, respectively.

The Company is subject to audits by state and foreign tax authorities. The Company is unable to make a reasonable estimate as to when cash settlements, if any, with the relevant taxing authorities will occur.

The Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign income tax returns. As of June 29, 2025, tax years 2005-2025 remain subject to examination in the jurisdictions where the Company operates.

The IRS is examining the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019, June 28, 2020, and June 27, 2021. To date, no significant adjustments have been proposed by the IRS. The Company is unable to make a reasonable estimate as to when cash settlements, if any, with the IRS will occur.

The Company is in various stages of examinations in connection with all of its tax audits worldwide, and it is difficult to determine when these examinations will be settled. It is reasonably possible that over the next 12-month period the Company may experience an increase or decrease in its uncertain tax positions as a result of tax examinations or lapses of statutes of limitation. The change in uncertain tax positions as a result of lapses of statutes of limitation may range up to $52.9 million, excluding interest and penalties.

Lam Research Corporation 2025 10-K 53

Note 8: Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the treasury stock method, for dilutive stock options, and restricted stock units.

The following table reconciles the inputs to the basic and diluted computations for net income per share.

For purposes of computing diluted net income per share, weighted-average common shares do not include potentially dilutive securities that are anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. These anti-dilutive securities, including options, service-based RSUs, and market-based PRSUs, were not material for fiscal years ended June 29, 2025, June 30, 2024, and June 25, 2023.