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Coeur Mining, Inc.

For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 7, 2025.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 7, 2025

CDE$16.45+6.3%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

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Item 2. Results of Operations

Las Chispas

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Tons milled59,368——
Average gold grade (oz/t)0.130——
Average silver grade (oz/t)12.71——
Average recovery rate – Au94.8%—%—%
Average recovery rate – Ag94.6%—%—%
Gold ounces produced7,175——
Silver ounces produced714,239——
Gold ounces sold9,607——
Silver ounces sold923,723——
CAS per gold ounce(1)$2,140——
CAS per silver ounce(1)$24.11——

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Las Chispas results represent post-acquisition activity subsequent to the acquisition of SilverCrest on February 14, 2025. Daily average throughput of approximately 1,320 tons per day at average gold and silver grades of 0.130 ounces per ton and 12.71 ounces per ton, respectively, were slightly better than plan and lead to production of 7,175 and 714,239 gold and silver ounces, respectively. Metal sales were $58.0 million, or 16% of Coeur’s metal sales. Costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounce sold were $2,140 and $24.11, respectively, which includes the impact of $1,351 and $15.22 on costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounce sold, respectively, attributable to PPA ascribed to Inventory of $27.0 million. Amortization totaled $8.9 million. Capital expenditures were $5.3 million.

Palmarejo

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Tons milled440,920419,008500,747
Average gold grade (oz/t)0.0500.0600.070
Average silver grade (oz/t)4.364.174.34
Average recovery rate – Au95.2%91.2%95.2%
Average recovery rate – Ag87.4%88.3%83.7%
Gold ounces produced23,03222,49033,160
Silver ounces produced1,680,3161,541,9551,818,297
Gold ounces sold22,71322,35333,462
Silver ounces sold1,636,3861,596,8761,796,468
CAS per gold ounce(1)$885$895$909
CAS per silver ounce(1)$14.42$15.95$13.30

Gold and silver production increased 2% and 9%, respectively, as a result of a 5% increase in mill throughput and higher silver grade, partially offset by lower average gold grade and silver recoveries. Metal sales were $95.8 million, or 27% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared with $89.1 million, or 29% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue increased by $6.7 million, or 8%, of which $4.8 million was due to higher average realized gold and silver prices and $1.9 million was the result of higher volume of gold and silver production. Costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounce decreased 1% and 10%, respectively, due to higher production, and lower consumable, maintenance and outside costs. Amortization decreased by $0.4 million to $9.2 million as a result of a lower depletion rate. Capital expenditures decreased to $5.9 million from $9.9 million due to lower underground development expenditures and lower mining equipment purchases.

Gold and silver production decreased 31% and 8%, respectively, as a result of a 29% decrease in gold grade, and a 12% decrease in mill throughput. Metal sales were $95.8 million, or 27% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared with $96.4 million, or 45% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue decreased by $0.6 million, or 1%, of which $25.8 million was due to lower volume of gold and silver production, partially offset by an increase of $25.2 million due to higher gold and silver prices. Costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounces decreased 3% and increased 8%, respectively, due to lower production and the mix of gold and silver sales which impacted co-product cost allocation. Amortization decreased by $3.4 million to $9.2 million due to lower gold and silver ounces sold. Capital expenditures decreased to $5.9 million from $6.8 million due to lower underground development expenditures and lower mining equipment purchases.

Rochester

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Tons placed(1)6,987,3248,226,8203,135,571
Average gold grade (oz/t)0.0030.0030.002
Average silver grade (oz/t)0.590.440.52
Gold ounces produced13,35315,7525,755
Silver ounces produced1,283,7221,550,444699,190
Gold ounces sold14,71314,8246,185
Silver ounces sold1,282,0101,570,448735,254
CAS per gold ounce(2)$1,682$1,530$1,877
CAS per silver ounce(2)$18.55$18.38$20.93

(1) Includes 5.5 million, 5.1 million and 1.9 million of crushed ore tons placed on the new leach pad in the three months ended March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

(2)See Non-GAAP Financial Performance Measures.

Gold and silver production decreased 15% and 17%, respectively, driven by higher placement rates of DTP material in the prior quarter, which impacted the timing and recovery rates for both silver and gold during the quarter. Ore tons placed during the quarter totaled 7.0 million tons, consisting of approximately 5.5 million tons through the crushing circuit, up from 5.1 million tons in the prior quarter. Additionally, the Company placed approximately 1.5 million tons of DTP material, down from 3.1 million tons of DTP material placed in the prior quarter. The Company began the partial removal of approximately eight million tons from the legacy leach pads to facilitate exploration drilling and future planned mining activities. Metal sales were $82.6 million, or 23% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared with $87.2 million, or 29% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue decreased by $4.6 million, or 5%, of which $9.5 million was due to lower volume of gold and silver production, partially offset by $4.9 million attributable to a higher average realized gold and silver prices. Costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounce increased 10% and 1%, respectively, as a result of fewer ounces sold and higher labor, maintenance, and royalty costs. Amortization decreased by $1.0 million to $14.9 million due to fewer gold and silver ounces sold. Capital expenditures remained comparable at $14.9 million.

Gold and silver production increased 132% and 84%, respectively, as a result of the completion of the POA 11 expansion project in March 2024 and subsequent ramp-up in production rates since then. Metal sales were $82.6 million, or 23% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared with $29.8 million, or 14% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue increased by $52.8 million, or 177%, of which $41.6 million was due to a higher volume of gold and silver production, and $11.2 million was due to higher average realized gold and silver prices. Costs applicable to sales per gold and silver ounce decreased 10% and 11%, respectively, as a result of higher production, and LCM adjustments of $3.1 million in 2024. Amortization increased to $14.9 million due to higher gold and silver ounces sold and the commissioning of the newly expanded crushing circuit in March 2024. Capital expenditures decreased to $14.9 million from $21.2 million due to Rochester expansion project spending in 2024.

Kensington

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025December 31, 2023March 31, 2024
Tons milled185,344183,639167,439
Average gold grade (oz/t)0.130.160.14
Average recovery rate93.3%91.8%90.8%
Gold ounces produced22,71526,93121,434
Gold ounces sold22,20525,83921,183
CAS per gold ounce(1)$1,897$1,536$1,853

Gold production decreased 16% as a result of a 19% decrease in grade due to stope sequencing, partially offset by higher average recovery rates and increased tons milled. Metal sales were $65.2 million, or 18% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared to $68.4 million, or 22% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue decreased by $3.2 million, or 5%, of which $10.7 million was due to lower volume of gold production, partially offset by an increase of $7.5 million due to higher average realized gold prices. Costs applicable to sales per gold ounce increased 24% due to lower production levels and higher expensed development costs. Amortization decreased to $7.5 million primarily due to a decrease in gold ounces sold. Capital expenditures decreased to $15.5 million as a result of lower underground development and mining equipment purchases.

Gold production increased 6% as a result of 11% higher mill throughput, partially offset by a 7% decrease in gold grade. Metal sales were $65.2 million, or 18% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared to $43.5 million, or 20% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue increased by $21.7 million, or 50%, of which $18.8 million was due to higher average realized gold prices, and $2.9 million was due to higher volume of gold production. Costs applicable to sales per gold ounce increased 2% due to higher labor and outside service costs, partially offset by higher production. Amortization increased to $7.5 million primarily due to an increase in gold ounces sold. Capital expenditures increased to $15.5 million from $13.3 million due to construction of the expanded tailings impoundment.

Wharf

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Tons placed1,033,6991,164,8941,251,955
Average gold grade (oz/t)0.0200.0230.021
Gold ounces produced20,49121,97620,395
Silver ounces produced50,94153,84467,273
Gold ounces sold20,07822,53920,586
Silver ounces sold50,03453,83468,713
CAS per gold ounce(1)$1,267$904$1,155

Gold production decreased 7% driven by fewer tons placed, lower grade material placed on the pads, and timing of recoveries. Metal sales were $58.4 million, or 16% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared to $60.7 million, or 20% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue decreased by $2.4 million, or 4%, of which $7.1 million attributable to lower gold production, partially offset by $4.7 million due to higher average realized gold prices. Costs applicable to sales per gold ounce increased 40% due to fewer tons and lower grade material placed on the pads. Amortization remained comparable at $1.5 million. Capital expenditures increased to $7.4 million from $2.9 million due to the construction of a water treatment plant and mining equipment purchases.

Gold production remained comparable. Metal sales were $58.4 million, or 16% of Coeur’s metal sales, compared to $43.3 million, or 20% of Coeur’s metal sales. Revenue increased by $15.0 million, or 35%, of which $17.1 million was due to higher average realized gold prices, partially offset by fewer gold ounces sold. Costs applicable to sales per gold ounce increased 10% due to lower grade and fewer tons placed. Amortization remained comparable at $1.5 million. Capital expenditures increased to $7.4 million from $0.3 million as a result of the construction of a waste water treatment facility and mining equipment purchases.

Silvertip

Exploration expense totaled $6.1 million in 2025 as the Company continued to focus on expanding the mineral resources at Silvertip, which were supported by 188 meters of underground mine development in the quarter. Ongoing carrying costs at Silvertip totaled $2.6 million in 2025 compared to $2.4 million in 2024. Capital expenditures in 2025 totaled $0.9 million.

Ongoing carrying costs at Silvertip totaled $2.6 million in 2025 and $2.4 million in the prior year. Capital expenditures in 2025 totaled $0.9 million compared to $0.5 million in the prior year.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At March 31, 2025, the Company had $79.4 million of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash and $260.9 million available under the RCF. Future borrowing under the RCF may be subject to certain financial covenants. Cash and cash equivalents increased $22.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to the cash acquired in the SilverCrest Transaction of $103.4 million, sale of SilverCrest acquired bullion and metal inventory for $72.0 million, a 4% and 21% increase in gold and silver ounces sold, respectively, and a 10% and 3% increase in average realized gold and silver prices, respectively. This was partially offset by RCF net repayments of $85.0 million, SilverCrest acquisition transaction cost payments of $14.8 million, full repayment of outstanding prepayment at Rochester, Kensington and Wharf, and $50.0 million of capital expenditures.

We currently believe we have sufficient sources of funding to meet our business requirements for the next twelve months and longer term. We expect to use cash provided by operating activities to fund near term capital requirements, including those described in this Report for our 2025 capital expenditure guidance. The acquisition of SilverCrest included acquiring a significant amount of cash and gold and silver bullion which was used along with our cash provided by operating activities to repay debt. Our longer-term plans contemplate continued exploration to extend the mine lives at our operating sites, repayment of the remaining RCF balance, and additional investment to determine the viability of the Silvertip project. Our long-term target leverage ratio of Net Debt to the Last Twelve Months Adjusted EBITDA is 0.0 times Adjusted EBITDA. Our current net leverage ratio is 0.9 times Adjusted EBITDA as of March 31, 2025.

We also have additional obligations as part of our ordinary course of business, beyond those committed for capital expenditures and other purchase obligations and commitments for purchases of goods and services.

If and to the extent liquidity resources are insufficient to support short- and long-term expenditures, we may need to incur additional indebtedness or issue additional equity securities, among other financing options, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. This could have a material adverse impact on the Company, as discussed in more detail under “Item 1A – Risk Factors”.

Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $67.6 million, compared to $63.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and net cash used in operating activities of $15.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $148.9 million, compared to $116.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and $44.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 (see “Non-GAAP Financial Performance Measures”). Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was impacted by the following key factors for the applicable periods:

Three Months Ended
In thousandsMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Cash flow before changes in operating assets and liabilities$53,716$78,552$(30,607)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables3,94516(5,316)
Prepaid expenses and other82,065(408)(639)
Inventories(8,348)(15,852)(19,694)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(63,743)1,48540,385
Cash provided by operating activities$67,635$63,793$(15,871)

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2024, primarily due to a 4% and 21% increase in gold and silver ounces sold, respectively, a 10% and 3% increase in average realized gold and silver prices, respectively, and the sale of SilverCrest acquired bullion and metal inventory for $72.0 million, partially offset by the receipt of $30.0 million of prepayments in December 2024, increased general and administrative and exploration expenses, and income and mining taxes paid at Palmarejo and Las Chispas. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2024 increased by $54.6 million, of which $31.4 million was due to higher volume of gold and silver sales and $23.2 million was due to higher average gold and silver prices.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $83.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to a 10% and 50% increase in gold and silver ounces sold, respectively, a 41% and 36% increase in average realized gold and silver prices, the sale of SilverCrest acquired bullion and metal inventory for $72.0 million, timing of recoveries at Rochester and VAT collections at Palmarejo in 2024. This was partially offset by higher exploration expense, the receipt of $25.0 million of prepayments in March 2024 and timing of interest and income and mining tax payments. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by $147.0 million, of which $84.8 million was due to higher average realized gold and silver prices and $62.2 million was due to higher volume of gold and silver sales.

Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $53.3 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of $47.8 million in the three months ended December 31, 2024. Cash provided by investing activities increased due to the cash acquired in the SilverCrest Transaction of $103.4 million, partially offset by an increase in capital expenditures. The Company incurred capital expenditures of $50.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $47.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2024 primarily related to capitalized exploration at Rochester and Kensington and underground development and exploration at Palmarejo and Kensington in both periods.

Net cash provided by investing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $53.3 million compared to net cash used in investing activities of $42.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. Cash provided by investing activities increased due to the cash acquired in the SilverCrest Transaction of $103.4 million and the expansion project and subsequent ramp-up activities at Rochester during 2024.

Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $98.2 million compared to $37.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company repaid $85.0 million, net, under the RCF compared to $30.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2024. Additionally, the Company made cash payments of $5.7 million in connection with tax withholding on vested share-based compensation.

Net cash used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $98.2 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $63.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company repaid $85.0 million, net, under the RCF. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company received net proceeds of $23.7 million from the sale of 7.7 million shares of its common stock pursuant to subscription agreements with certain Canadian accredited investors for a private placement offering issued as “flow-through shares”, as defined in subsection 66(15) of the Income Tax Act (Canada), and drew $50.0 million, net, from the RCF.

Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Developments

See Note 2 -- Summary of Significant Accounting Policies contained in the 2024 10-K and Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies contained in this Report for the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates.

Ore on Leach Pads

The heap leach process extracts silver and gold by placing ore on an impermeable pad and applying a diluted cyanide solution that dissolves a portion of the contained silver and gold, which are then recovered in metallurgical processes. The Company uses several integrated steps to scientifically measure the metal content of ore placed on the leach pads. As the ore body is drilled in preparation for the blasting process, samples are taken of the drill residue which are assayed to determine estimated quantities of contained metal. The Company then processes the ore through crushing facilities where the output is again weighed and sampled for assaying. A metallurgical reconciliation with the data collected from the mining operation is completed with appropriate adjustments made to previous estimates. The crushed ore is then transported to the leach pad for application of the leaching solution. As the leach solution is collected from the leach pads, it is continuously sampled for assaying. The quantity of leach solution is measured by flow meters throughout the leaching and precipitation process. After precipitation, the product is converted to doré at the Rochester mine and a form of gold electrolytic cathodic sludge at the Wharf mine, representing the final product produced by each mine. The inventory is stated at lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined using a weighted average cost method.

The historical cost of metal expected to be extracted within 12 months is classified as current and the historical cost of metals contained within the broken ore expected to be extracted beyond 12 months is classified as non-current. Ore on leach pads is valued based on actual production costs incurred to produce and place ore on the leach pad, less costs allocated to minerals recovered through the leach process.

The estimate of both the ultimate recovery expected over time and the quantity of metal that may be extracted relative to the time the leach process occurs requires the use of estimates, which are inherently inaccurate due to the nature of the leaching process. The quantities of metal contained in the ore are based upon actual weights and assay analysis. The rate at which the leach process extracts gold and silver from the crushed ore is based upon laboratory testing and actual experience of more than 20 years of leach pad operations at the Rochester mine and 30 years of leach pad operations at the Wharf mine. The assumptions used by the Company to measure metal content during each stage of the inventory conversion process includes estimated recovery rates based on laboratory testing and assaying. The Company periodically reviews its estimates compared to actual experience and revises its estimates when appropriate. The ultimate recovery will not be known until leaching operations cease. Variations between actual and estimated quantities resulting from changes in assumptions and estimates that do not result in write-downs to net realizable value are accounted for on a prospective basis. There are five reusable heap leach pads (load/offload) used at Wharf. Each pad goes through an approximate 24-month process of loading of ore, leaching and offloading which includes a neutralization and denitrification process. During the leaching cycle of each pad, revised estimated recoverable ounces for each of the pads may result in an upward or downward revision from time to time, which generally have not been significant. Updated recoverable ounce estimates are considered a change in estimate and was accounted for prospectively. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s combined estimated recoverable ounces of gold and silver on the leach pads were 54,208 and 7.4 million, respectively.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired in a business acquisition. Goodwill is allocated to reporting units and tested for impairment annually as of December 31 and when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Each operating mine is considered a distinct reporting unit for purposes of goodwill impairment testing.

The Company may elect to perform a qualitative assessment if it is more likely than not that the fair value exceeds the carrying value. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, a quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed to determine the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair value of a reporting unit is determined using either the income approach utilizing estimates of discounted future cash flows or the market approach utilizing recent transaction activity for comparable properties. These approaches are considered Level 3 fair value measurements. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

Other Liquidity Matters

We believe that our liquidity and capital resources in the U.S. are adequate to fund our U.S. operations and corporate activities. The Company has asserted a partial indefinite reinvestment of earnings from its Mexican operations as determined by management’s judgment about, and intentions concerning, the future operations of the Company. The Company does not believe that the amounts reinvested will have a material impact on liquidity.

In order to reduce indebtedness, fund future cash interest payments and/or amounts due at maturity or upon redemption and for general working capital purposes, from time to time we may (1) issue equity securities for cash in public or private offerings or (2) repurchase certain of our debt securities for cash or in exchange for other securities, which may include secured or unsecured notes or equity, in each case in open market or privately negotiated transactions. We evaluate any such transactions in light of prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors. The amounts involved may be significant and any debt repurchase transactions may occur at a substantial discount to the debt securities’ face amount.

Non-GAAP Financial Performance Measures

Non-GAAP financial measures are intended to provide additional information only and do not have any standard meaning prescribed by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Unless otherwise noted, we present the Non-GAAP financial measures in the tables below. These measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for performance measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted Net Income (Loss)

Management uses Adjusted net income (loss) to evaluate the Company’s operating performance, and to plan and forecast its operations. The Company believes the use of Adjusted net income (loss) reflects the underlying operating performance of our core mining business and allows investors and analysts to compare results of the Company to similar results of other mining companies. Management’s determination of the components of Adjusted net income (loss) is evaluated periodically and is based, in part, on a review of non-GAAP financial measures used by mining industry analysts. The tax effect of adjustments are based on statutory tax rates and the Company’s tax attributes, including the impact through the Company’s valuation allowance. The combined effective rate of tax adjustments may not be consistent with the statutory tax rates or the Company’s effective tax rate due to jurisdictional tax attributes and related valuation allowance impacts which may minimize the tax effect of certain adjustments and may not apply to gains and losses equally. Adjusted net income (loss)is reconciled to Net income (loss)in the following table:

Three Months Ended
In thousands except per share amountsMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Net income (loss)$33,353$37,852$(29,117)
Fair value adjustments, net346——
Foreign exchange loss (gain)574265484
(Gain) loss on sale of assets and securities186(102)3,536
RMC bankruptcy distribution—(95)—
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment——(438)
Transaction costs8,8877,541—
Acquired inventory purchase price27,040——
Other adjustments(270)(217)5,461
Tax effect of adjustments(1)(10,230)1421,053
Adjusted net income (loss)$59,886$45,386$(19,021)
Adjusted net income (loss) per share, Basic$0.12$0.12$(0.05)
Adjusted net income (loss) per share, Diluted$0.11$0.11$(0.05)

(1) For the three months ended March 31, 2025, tax effect of adjustments of $10.2 million (28.3%) are primarily related to the Transaction costs at Corporate and the impact of the PPA ascribed to Inventory at Las Chispas. For the three months ended December 31, 2024, tax effect of adjustments of $0.1 million (2%) is primarily related to nonrecurring expenses at Palmarejo. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, tax effect of adjustments of $1.1 million (12.3%) is primarily related to the Kensington royalty settlement and LCM adjustment recorded at Rochester.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

Management uses EBITDAto evaluate the Company’s operating performance, to plan and forecast its operations, and assess leverage levels and liquidity measures. The Company believes the use of EBITDA reflects the underlying operating performance of our core mining business and allows investors and analysts to compare results of the Company to similar results of other mining companies. Adjusted EBITDA is the basis of a measure used in the indenture governing the 2029 Senior Notes and the RCF to determine our ability to make certain payments and incur additional indebtedness. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA do not represent, and should not be considered an alternative to, Net income (Loss)or Cash Flow from Operations as determined under GAAP. Other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently and those calculations may not be comparable to our presentation. Adjusted EBITDAis reconciled to Net income (loss)in the following table:

Three Months Ended
In thousandsMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Net income (loss)$33,353$37,852$(29,117)
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest10,45011,88712,947
Income tax provision (benefit)18,41318,42016,024
Amortization43,09336,53327,297
EBITDA105,309104,69227,151
Fair value adjustments, net346——
Foreign exchange (gain) loss758(1,321)365
Asset retirement obligation accretion4,7324,3154,076
Inventory adjustments and write-downs1,9281,5524,188
(Gain) loss on sale of assets and securities186(102)3,536
RMC bankruptcy distribution—(95)—
(Gain) loss on debt extinguishment——(438)
Transaction costs8,8877,541—
Acquired inventory purchase price allocation27,040——
Other adjustments(270)(217)5,461
Adjusted EBITDA$148,916$116,365$44,339

Free Cash Flow

Management uses Free Cash Flow as a non-GAAP measure to analyze cash flows generated from operations. Free Cash Flow is Cash Provided By (used in) Operating Activities less Capital expenditures as presented on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company believes Free Cash Flow is also useful as one of the bases for comparing the Company’s performance with its competitors. Although Free Cash Flow and similar measures are frequently used as measures of cash flows generated from operations by other companies, the Company’s calculation of Free Cash Flow is not necessarily comparable to such other similarly titled captions of other companies.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Free Cash Flow, a non-GAAP financial measure, to Cash Provided By (used in) Operating Activities, which the Company believes to be the GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to Free Cash Flow.

ConsolidatedThree Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Cash flow from operations$67,635$63,793$(15,871)
Capital expenditures50,00247,72042,083
Free cash flow$17,633$16,073$(57,954)

Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital

Management uses Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital as a non-GAAP measure to analyze cash flows generated from operations. Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital is Cash Provided By (used in) Operating Activities excluding the change in Receivables, Prepaid expenses and other, Inventories and Accounts payable and accrued liabilities as presented on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company believes Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital is also useful as one of the bases for comparing the Company’s performance with its competitors. Although Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital and similar measures are frequently used as measures of cash flows generated from operations by other companies, the Company’s calculation of Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital is not necessarily comparable to such other similarly titled captions of other companies.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital, a non-GAAP financial measure, to Cash Provided By (used in) Operating Activities, which the Company believes to be the GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to Operating Cash Flow Before Changes in Working Capital.

Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities$67,635$63,793$(15,871)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables(3,945)(16)5,316
Prepaid expenses and other(82,065)408639
Inventories8,34815,85219,694
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities63,743(1,485)(40,385)
Operating cash flow before changes in working capital$53,716$78,552$(30,607)

Net Debt and Leverage Ratio

Management defines Net Debt, a non-GAAP financial measure, as Total Debt less Cash and Cash Equivalents. We define Leverage Ratio, a non-GAAP financial measure, as the ratio of Net Debt to the Last Twelve Months Adjusted EBITDA. Management believes Net Debt and Leverage Ratio are important measures to monitor our financial flexibility and evaluate the strength of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net Debt and Leverage Ratio have limitations as analytical tools and may vary from similarly titled measures used by other companies. Net Debt and Leverage Ratio should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents a reconciliation of Total Debt, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP, to Net Debt for each of the periods presented.

Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024
Total debt$498,269$590,058$585,552
Cash and cash equivalents(77,574)(55,087)(67,489)
Net debt$420,695$534,971$518,063
Net debt$420,695$534,971$518,063
Last Twelve Months Adjusted EBITDA$443,729$339,152$161,514
Leverage ratio0.91.63.2

Management uses CAS to evaluate the Company’s current operating performance and life of mine performance from discovery through reclamation. We believe these measures assist analysts, investors and other stakeholders in understanding the costs associated with producing gold and silver, as well as assessing our operating performance and ability to generate free cash flow from operations and sustaining production. These measures may not be indicative of operating profit or cash flow from operations as determined under GAAP. Management believes that allocating CAS to gold and silver based on gold and silver metal sales relative to total metal sales best allows management, analysts, investors and other stakeholders to evaluate the operating performance of the Company. Other companies may calculate CAS differently as a result of reflecting the benefit from selling non-silver metals as a by-product credit, converting to silver equivalent ounces, and differences in underlying accounting principles and accounting frameworks such as in IFRS Accounting Standards.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

In thousands (except metal sales and per ounce amounts) · Las Chispas (1) · Palmarejo · Rochester · Kensington · Wharf · Silvertip · Total
Costs applicable to sales, including amortization (U.S. GAAP)$51,770$52,884$63,443$49,627$28,511$946$247,181
Amortization(8,936)(9,181)(14,907)(7,471)(1,474)(946)(42,915)
Costs applicable to sales$42,834$43,703$48,536$42,156$27,037$—$204,266
Metal Sales
Gold ounces9,60722,71314,71322,20520,078—89,316
Silver ounces923,7231,636,3861,282,010—50,034—3,892,153
Costs applicable to sales
Gold ($/oz)$2,140$885$1,682$1,897$1,267
Silver ($/oz)$24.11$14.42$18.55$—

(1) Includes the impact of the preliminary purchase price allocation ascribed to Inventory of $27.0 million.

Three Months Ended December 31, 2024

In thousands (except metal sales and per ounce amounts) · Palmarejo · Rochester · Kensington · Wharf · Silvertip · Total
Costs applicable to sales, including amortization (U.S. GAAP)$55,032$67,406$48,195$23,665$799$195,097
Amortization(9,550)(15,858)(8,547)(1,607)(799)(36,361)
Costs applicable to sales$45,482$51,548$39,648$22,058$—$158,736
Metal Sales
Gold ounces22,35314,82425,83922,539—85,555
Silver ounces1,596,8761,570,44853,834—3,221,158
Costs applicable to sales
Gold ($/oz)$895$1,530$1,536$904
Silver ($/oz)$15.95$18.38$—

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

In thousands (except metal sales and per ounce amounts) · Palmarejo · Rochester · Kensington · Wharf · Silvertip · Total
Costs applicable to sales, including amortization (U.S. GAAP)$66,896$33,632$44,885$26,808$852$173,073
Amortization(12,602)(6,633)(5,596)(1,393)(852)(27,076)
Costs applicable to sales$54,294$26,999$39,289$25,415$—$145,997
Metal Sales
Gold ounces33,4626,18521,18320,586—81,416
Silver ounces1,796,468735,254—68,713—2,600,435
Costs applicable to sales
Gold ($/oz)$909$1,877$1,853$1,155
Silver ($/oz)$13.30$20.93$—

Reconciliation of Costs Applicable to Sales for 2025 Guidance

In thousands (except metal sales and per ounce amounts) · Las Chispas · Palmarejo · Rochester · Kensington · Wharf
Costs applicable to sales, including amortization (U.S. GAAP)$144,729$245,767$275,743$222,569$130,856
Amortization(45,992)(38,779)(75,033)(43,903)(7,105)
Costs applicable to sales$98,737$206,988$200,710$178,666$123,751
By-product credit————(2,824)
Adjusted costs applicable to sales$98,737$206,988$200,710$178,666$120,927
Metal Sales
Gold ounces52,000100,01868,000104,27195,454
Silver ounces5,240,7576,006,9117,752,23794,138
Revenue Split
Gold48%50%44%100%100%
Silver52%50%56%
Adjusted costs applicable to sales
Gold ($/oz)$850 - $950$950 - $1,150$1,250 - $1,450$1,700 - $1,900$1,250 - $1,350
Silver ($/oz)$9.25 - $10.25$17.00 - $18.00$14.50 - $16.50

Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

This Report contains numerous forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) relating to the Company’s gold and silver mining business, including statements regarding operations and activities at the Company’s properties, exploration and development efforts, mine lives, strategies, inflation, hedging strategies, realization of deferred tax assets, expectations about the recovery of unduly paid VAT in Mexico, timing of completion of obligations under prepayment agreements, the gold stream agreement at Palmarejo, liquidity management, financing plans, risk management strategies, capital allocation, and anticipated production, costs, expenses, and cash flow. Such forward-looking statements are identified by the use of words such as “believes,” “intends,” “expects,” “hopes,” “may,” “should,” “plan,” “projected,” “contemplates,” “anticipates” or similar words. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. The factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements include (i) the risk factors set forth in Part II, Item 1A of this Report and in “Risk Factors” section of the 2024 10-K, and the risks set forth in this MD&A and Item 3 of this Report, (ii) the risks and hazards inherent in the mining business (including risks inherent in developing large-scale mining projects, environmental hazards, industrial accidents, weather or geologically related conditions), (iii) changes in the market prices of gold and silver and a sustained lower price or higher treatment and refining charge environment, (iv) the uncertainties inherent in the Company’s production, exploratory and developmental activities, including risks relating to permitting and regulatory delays (including the impact of government shutdowns), mining law changes, ground conditions and grade and recovery variability, (v) any future labor disputes or work stoppages (involving the Company and its subsidiaries or third parties), (vi) the uncertainties inherent in the estimation of mineral reserves and resources, (vii) changes that could result from the Company’s future acquisition of new mining properties or businesses, (viii) the loss of access to any third-party smelter or refiner to whom the Company markets its production, (ix) the potential effects of a future pandemic, equipment and materials availability, inflationary pressures, and impacts from tariffs or other trade barriers (x) the effects of environmental and other governmental regulations, (xi) the risks inherent in the ownership or operation of or investment in mining properties or businesses in foreign countries, (xii) breaches or lapses in the security of technology systems on which the Company relies, which could compromise the data stored within them, as well as failure to comply with ever-evolving global privacy and security regulatory obligations, and (xiii) the Company’s ability to raise additional financing necessary to conduct its business, make payments or refinance its debt. Readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements. The Company disclaims any intent or obligation to update publicly these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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