INTEL CORP

Current report

There is limited precedent for the accounting treatment for our transactions with the U.S. government and we have been unable to conclude our consultation with the staff of the SEC; if the staff of the SEC were to have a different view of the appropriate accounting treatment, we may materially revise our third quarter financial results, including the recognition of additional costs or losses, and our results for future periods may also be materially and adversely impacted.

Current report

Our transactions with the U.S. government during the third quarter of 2025, including the equity issuances and the amendment to our commercial CHIPs Act agreement, are complex. Refer to "Note 4: Earnings (Loss) Per Share and Stockholders' Equity"within Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements for additional information. There is limited precedent for the accounting treatment of such transactions. While we believe we have selected the appropriate accounting approach for these transactions in our Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q, there are other potential approaches that, if applied, would result in materially different financial results for our third quarter of 2025 and could also materially and adversely impact our results for future periods. Given the complexity associated with these transactions, we recently initiated a consultation with the staff of the SEC to seek confirmation that they do not disagree with our accounting treatment. Due to the current U.S. government shutdown, we have been unable to conclude our consultation with the staff of the SEC. If the staff of the SEC were to have a different view of the appropriate accounting treatment of these transactions, we may materially revise our third quarter 2025 financial results, including the recognition of additional costs or losses, and our results for future periods may also be materially and adversely impacted.

Current report

The U.S. government’s acquisition and ownership of significant equity interests in the company may subject us and our stockholders to a number of risks and uncertainties, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations or adversely impact the interests of our other stockholders.

Current report

■The accelerated CHIPs Act funds we received from the U.S. government connected to the issuance of our equity securities to the U.S. government may be subject to risks from changes in laws, regulations, or their interpretations, as well as shifts in federal administration and congressional priorities. The legislative, judicial or executive branches of the U.S. government could determine in the future that all or a portion of the transactions pursuant to which the U.S. government acquired our equity securities were unauthorized, void or voidable. In addition, the terms of our agreement with the U.S. Department of Commerce for the acquisition of our securities and the amendment of our commercial CHIPs Act agreement are subject to unilateral amendment by the U.S. Department of Commerce to comply with future changes in federal law. Further, while the U.S. Department of Commerce is contractually bound under our agreements with them, no other agency or branch of the U.S. government has made commitments to support, refrain from challenging or otherwise impeding the transaction. Legal challenges, administrative rulings, litigation by other parts of the U.S. government or third parties, or geopolitical developments could materially impair funding, alter obligations under the commercial CHIPs Act agreement or our Secure Enclave agreement, or otherwise adversely affect the transactions and the benefits that we expect to receive under such agreements. In addition, enforcement against a government counterparty is inherently uncertain given the defenses available to the U.S. government.

Current report

■The transactions eliminate our contractual rights to receive future funds under the commercial CHIPs Act agreement in the form of a grant and may limit our ability to secure grants from government entities in the future. By eliminating future grant funding under the commercial CHIPs Act agreement, the transactions make it such that our business will no longer benefit from the reduced future operating costs made possible by such grant funding. In addition, our business is highly capital intensive and we have a number of other current grant arrangements with government entities, and may seek to pursue such arrangements in the future. It is uncertain whether the transactions may cause other government entities to seek to convert their existing grant arrangements with us into equity or be unwilling to support us with future grants, either of which could limit our access to capital, increase our cost of capital, or increase our future operating costs.

Current report

■The transactions are dilutive to existing stockholders. The issuance of shares of common stock to the U.S. government is dilutive to existing stockholders, and stockholders may suffer significant additional dilution if the conditions to the warrants received by the U.S. government are triggered and the warrants are exercised.

Current report

■The U.S. government’s equity position in our common stock reduces the voting and other governance rights of our other stockholders and may limit potential future transactions that may be beneficial to our stockholders. As a result of the transactions, the U.S. government is one of our largest stockholders (5.8% as of September 27, 2025) and may acquire additional shares of our common stock as shares are released from escrow to the U.S. government as we perform under and receive disbursements for Secure Enclave (up to an additional 3.2%) or if the conditions to the warrants are triggered (we no

Current report

longer control 51% of our foundry business within the next five years) and the warrants are exercised (up to an additional 4.8%). The U.S. government’s interests may not be the same as those of other stockholders. The U.S. government has agreed to vote its shares of common stock as recommended by our board of directors, subject to applicable law and exceptions to protect the U.S. government’s interests. This reduces the voting influence of other stockholders with respect to the selection of our directors and proposals voted on by stockholders. The existence of the significant U.S. government equity interest in us, the voting of the U.S. government's shares either as directed by our board of directors or the U.S. government, and the U.S. government’s substantial additional powers with respect to the laws and regulations impacting our business, may substantially limit our ability to pursue potential future strategic transactions that may be beneficial to stockholders, including by potentially limiting the willingness of other third parties to engage in such potential strategic transactions with us.

Current report

■Our non-U.S. business may be adversely impacted by the U.S. government being a significant stockholder. Sales outside the U.S. accounted for 76% of our revenue for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2024. Having the U.S. government as a significant stockholder could subject us to additional regulations, obligations or restrictions, such as foreign subsidy laws or otherwise, in other countries.

Current report

■We may experience other adverse consequences resulting from the announcement or completion of the transactions. There is limited precedent for a U.S. company such as us having the U.S. government take a position as a significant stockholder. As such, it is difficult to foresee all the potential consequences. Among other things, there could be adverse reactions, immediately or over time, from investors, employees, customers, suppliers, other business or commercial partners, foreign governments or competitors. There may also be litigation related to the transaction or otherwise and increased public or political scrutiny with respect to us.

Previous report

If we are unable to secure a significant external foundry customer for Intel 14A, our next generation semiconductor manufacturing process technology, we may pause or discontinue our pursuit of next generation leading-edge process technologies, which may have significant strategic business, financial, operational and reputational risks and repercussions.

Previous report

As an integrated design manufacturer (IDM) with a products business that depends on access to leading-edge semiconductor manufacturing process technologies, or nodes, to produce competitive products, we have historically invested significant capital resources to continually develop new generations of leading-edge nodes and foundry capacity to produce such nodes. However, the design, development, and manufacturing of leading-edge nodes is risky and capital-intensive, and it takes years for capital investments to yield a return. If we are unable to secure a significant external customer for our Intel 14A node, we may pause or discontinue development of Intel 14A and subsequent next generation leading-edge nodes. While we remain focused on continued development of Intel 14A and securing such a significant external customer, we have taken steps to reduce our overall investment and have further slowed down the construction of the new leading-edge fabrication facilities we are building in Ohio. In addition, while we continue to evaluate Intel 14A for use in future Intel products and our plan includes an initial product designed to utilize Intel 14A, at present we are maintaining the option to design future Intel products requiring nodes with performance beyond Intel 18A and Intel 18A-P to be produced internally or by an external foundry. We have been unsuccessful to date in securing any significant external foundry customers for any of our nodes and our prospects for securing a significant external foundry customer for Intel 14A are uncertain.

Previous report

If we were to pause or discontinue the design, development, and manufacturing of Intel 14A and other next generation leading-edge nodes, we would be subject to a number of significant strategic business, financial, operational and reputational risks and repercussions including, but not limited to:

Previous report

▪Dependence on Third-Party Foundries: Our products business would, over time, become dependent on third-party foundries, particularly TSMC, as we develop products for nodes beyond Intel 18A and Intel 18A-P. We have no long-term contract with TSMC, and if we are unable to secure and maintain sufficient capacity on favorable pricing terms, we may be unable to manufacture our products in sufficient volume and at a cost that supports the continued success of our products business. Further, most of our competitors have longer and more established relationships with TSMC and other third-party foundries than we do, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage. There are few foundries capable of producing the leading-edge and near-leading-edge nodes needed for our products – currently only TSMC and Samsung. To the extent our competitors are more successful than us in securing capacity with those foundries than we are, our product roadmap, market position, and customer relationships would be materially adversely impacted.

Previous report

▪Losses with respect to our Investments in R&D and Manufacturing Facilities and Equipment: We had over $100 billion of property, plant, and equipment, net on our balance sheet as of June 28, 2025, the substantial majority of which we estimate relate to our foundry business. While the significant majority of this relates to our existing and in-development nodes, including Intel 18A and Intel 18A-P, with each transition to a new node we continue to utilize some R&D and manufacturing assets from prior nodes. If we were to pause or discontinue the design, development, and manufacturing of Intel 14A and other next generation leading-edge nodes, we would expect to incur significant material impairments with respect to foundry assets that may impact our results of operations. For example, we would likely discontinue the new leading-edge fabrication facilities we are building in Ohio. We also would expect to incur additional costs and expenses as we wind down other projects and facilities and reduce headcount.

Previous report

▪Loss of Eligibility for Government Incentives: In November 2024, we signed a Direct Funding Agreement with the US Department of Commerce for the award of $7.9 billion in government incentives. We have also entered into other government incentive arrangements with local, regional, and national governments, both US and non-US. If we were to pause or discontinue the design, development, and manufacturing of Intel 14A, we may lose eligibility for various incentives contemplated by these arrangements, and we may be required to repay amounts already received under these arrangements.

Previous report

▪Potential Penalty Payments Under our SCIP Agreements: To support our capital investments in recent years, we pursued alternative financing arrangements including our 2022 joint investment with Brookfield in the manufacturing expansion of our Arizona campus and our 2024 joint investment with Apollo related to Fab 34 in Ireland. Our potential pause or discontinuation of the design, development, and manufacture of Intel 14A may accelerate our move to third-party foundry services for our products and result in our inability to satisfy construction and/or wafer demand and purchase commitments in those arrangements, potentially requiring substantial additional payments to our SCIP partners.

Previous report

▪Loss of Talent: Historically, as one of the only companies in the world, and the only company in the U.S., pursuing the design, development and manufacturing of next generation leading-edge nodes, we have benefitted from being in a unique position as an employer to hire and retain scientists, engineers, and other technical talent interested in being on the cutting edge of semiconductor innovation. If we were to pause or discontinue leading-edge node design, development, and manufacturing, or any perception that we may do so in the future, may materially adversely impact our ability to hire and retain key talent across our foundry organization and the company more broadly, and we risk substantial loss of historical, technical, and other expertise.

Previous report

▪Limited External Foundry Potential: We have been unsuccessful to date in attracting significant customers to our external foundry business. If we were to pause or discontinue our pursuit of Intel 14A and successor nodes, it is highly uncertain whether we would be able to develop this business. Among other things, our existing nodes (Intel 7, Intel 4 and Intel 3) were designed for Intel products, and if potential customers for our upcoming Intel 18A-P node believe we are no longer committed to continued development of next generation leading-edge nodes (Intel 14A and beyond), they may be inclined to remain with their current foundry partners and unwilling to make the significant investments of time and resources needed to develop products on our nodes.

Previous report

▪Other Significant Financial, Operational, and Reputational Risks: If we pause or discontinue the design, development and manufacture of Intel 14A and future leading-edge nodes, it may give rise to additional material risks that we are not able to foresee or that are more significant than we anticipate, including, but not limited to, adverse impacts to our relationships and the terms of our engagements with customers, suppliers, and strategic partners, potential credit rating risk, and diminished investor confidence and increased stock price volatility. It is also uncertain what actions, if any, may be taken by the U.S. and other governments to the extent they view a potential discontinuation of our leading-edge process technology design, development, and manufacturing as a strategic risk from a national economic or defense perspective.