HUMANA INC
For the period ended Mar 31, 2026. Filed Apr 29, 2026.
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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.
Mar 31, 2026 · Filed Apr 29, 2026
What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?
Read the current filingPrevious report: 10-Q
Period ended 2025-09-30; filed 2025-11-05.
0000049071-25-000057
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OFCurrent report: 10-Q
Period ended 2026-03-31; filed 2026-04-29.
0000049071-26-000023
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OFThe baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.
Compared 106 previous paragraphs and 112 current paragraphs.
50 unchanged; 35 reworded; 25 added; 20 removed; 1 previous and 2 current paragraphs rearranged.
Tables are not compared: 7 previous and 7 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.
A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.
Added paragraphs (25)
Current report
On February 13, 2026, we acquired MaxHealth, a leading primary care platform focused on providing high-quality, integrated care to adults and senior patients throughout Florida, for cash consideration of approximately $908 million, net of cash acquired. This resulted in a preliminary purchase price allocation to goodwill of approximately $800 million, other intangible assets of $71 million, and net tangible assets acquired of $59 million. The other intangible assets, which primarily consist of member relationships and trade names, have an estimated weighted average useful life of 6.9 years. The purchase price allocation is preliminary, subject to completion of valuation analysis, including for example, refining assumptions used to calculate the fair value of intangible assets.
Current report
Value Creation Initiatives
Current report
In order to create capacity to fund growth in our businesses, we committed to drive additional value for the enterprise through cost saving and productivity initiatives. In addition, in response to sustained macroeconomic, regulatory and competitive pressures impacting the industry, we initiated a substantial multi-year transformation program designed to re-align our cost structure, operating model and technology footprint with evolving market conditions.
Current report
Our Medicare benefit costs rise as members pay their contractual portion of claims responsibility, progress through their annual deductible and maximum out-of-pocket expenses, as well as incurring higher episodic cost of care resulting in a higher benefit ratio throughout the year.
Current report
Consolidated premiums revenue increased $7.2 billion, or 23.6%, from $30.5 billion in the 2025 quarter to $37.7 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting membership growth across the Medicare businesses in 2026, higher per member Medicare Advantage (MA) and stand-alone PDP premiums largely driven by an increase in MA benchmark funding from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the increased Part D direct subsidy as a result of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). These factors were partially offset by the previously disclosed Bonus Year (BY) 2026 Star Ratings headwind.
Current report
Consolidated services revenue increased $0.3 billion, or 25.7%, from $1.3 billion in the 2025 quarter to $1.7 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting the increased payor-agnostic client base across the CenterWell platform partially offset by the final year of the phase-in of the v28 risk model revision.
Current report
Investment income was relatively unchanged from $264 million in the 2025 quarter to $262 million in the 2026 quarter.
Current report
Consolidated benefits expense increased $7.2 billion, or 27.0%, from $26.5 billion in the 2025 quarter to $33.7 billion in the 2026 quarter. The consolidated benefit ratio increased 240 basis points from 87.0% for the 2025 quarter to 89.4% for the 2026 quarter primarily reflectingthe BY 2026 Star Ratings revenue headwind, the effect of the individual MA membership growth during the most recent Annual Election Period (AEP) and Open Enrollment Period (OEP) as the new members, on average, run at a higher benefit ratio as compared to retained members (excluding the impact of the BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind) andthe anticipated lower favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2026 quarter compared to the 2025 quarter. These factors were partially offset by the 2026 individual MA pricing, inclusive of the MA funding environment (excluding the BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind) combined with our ongoing clinical excellence efforts, more than offsetting the assumption of claims trend (with largely stable benefits year over year), and the benefit of our group MA recontracting efforts for the 2026 plan year.
Current report
Consolidated benefits expense included $389 million of favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2026 quarter and $477 million of favorable prior-period medical claims development in the 2025 quarter. This development does not directly correspond to our operating results as a portion is attributable to provider risk-sharing arrangements, which are accounted for separately based on contractual terms.
Current report
Consolidated operating costs increased $0.6 billion, or 19.1%, from $3.4 billion in the 2025 quarter to $4.0 billion in the 2026 quarter. The consolidated operating cost ratio decreased 40 basis points from 10.6% for the 2025 quarter to 10.2% for the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting operating leverage associated with increased revenues from membership growth across the Medicare businesses in 2026 combined with an improved MA benchmark funding rate and increased Part D direct subsidy resulting from the IRA, as well as the progress on our previously discussed tactical cost cutting and transformation initiatives combined with the beneficial impact of our prior value creation initiatives that have driven administrative cost efficiencies. These factors were partially offset by the impact of the previously disclosed BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind and a higher CenterWell operating cost ratio.
Current report
Interest expense increased $33 million, or 20.6%, from $160 million in the 2025 quarter to $193 million in the 2026 quarter primarily due to financing costs and higher average debt balances.
Current report
The effective income tax rate was 25.0% and 24.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The year-over-year increase in the effective income tax rate is primarily due to increased state tax expense.
Current report
Group Medicare Advantage membership increased 156,600 members, or 27.3%, from March 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 reflecting net membership additions from the 2026 selling season.
Current report
Medicare stand-alone PDP membership increased 1,427,500 members, or 58.7%, from March 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 reflecting net membership additions from group MA recontracting efforts and the 2026 selling season.
Current report
State-based contracts and other membership decreased 46,800 members, or 2.9%, from March 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 primarily reflecting shifts in other membership offset by net membership additions in state-based contracts.
Current report
Specialty membership increased 223,900 members, or 5%, from March 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 primarily reflecting growth in group dental and vision products.
Current report
Insurance segment premiums revenue increased $7.2 billion, or 23.6%, from $30.5 billion in the 2025 quarter to $37.7 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting membership growth across the Medicare businesses in 2026, higher per member MA and stand-alone PDP premiums largely driven by an increase in MA benchmark funding from CMS and the increased Part D direct subsidy as a result of the IRA. These factors were partially offset by the BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind.
Current report
Insurance segment services revenue decreased $5 million, or 2.0%, from $252 million in the 2025 quarter to $247 million in the 2026 quarter.
Current report
The Insurance segment benefit ratio increased 200 basis points from 87.4% for the 2025 quarter to 89.4% for the 2026 quarter primarily reflectingthe BY 2026 Star Ratings revenue headwind, the effect of the individual MA membership growth during the most recent AEP and OEP as the new members, on average, run at a higher benefit ratio as compared to retained members (excluding the impact of the BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind) and the anticipated lower favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2026 quarter compared to the 2025 quarter. These factors were partially offset by the 2026 individual MA pricing, inclusive of the MA funding environment (excluding the BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind) combined with our ongoing clinical excellence efforts, more than offsetting the assumption of claims trend (with largely stable benefits year over year), and the benefit of our group Medicare Advantage recontracting efforts for the 2026 plan year.
Current report
CenterWell external services revenue increased $0.3 billion, or 32.0%, from $1.1 billion in the 2025 quarter to $1.4 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting the continued expansion of our payor-agnostic client base, primarily associated with the primary care business as a result of recent acquisitions, partially offset by the final year of the phase-in of the v28 risk model revision.
Current report
CenterWell intersegment revenues increased $0.7 billion, or 16.4%, from $4.0 billion in the 2025 quarter to $4.7 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily due to higher revenues associated with growth in each of the CenterWell business lines resulting from increased Medicare membership in 2026.
Current report
During the 2026 quarter, we acquired MaxHealth for cash consideration of approximately $908 million, net of cash acquired. No other businesses were acquired that individually or in the aggregate had a material impact on our results of operations, financial conditions or cash flows during the 2026 and 2025 quarters.
Current report
In March 2026, we issued $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 6.625% fixed-to-fixed rate junior subordinated notes (Subordinated Notes) due September 15, 2056, which resulted in approximately $990 million of net proceeds after deducting underwriters' discounts and offering expenses. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, including repayment of borrowings under our commercial paper program.
Current report
During 2025 and 2026, we entered into agreements with unrelated insurers that do not qualify for reinsurance accounting under GAAP, and are accounted for using deposit accounting. These contracts minimize the risk of catastrophic loss, reducing capital and surplus requirements. Total deposit assets and liabilities related to these reinsurance agreements that do not qualify for reinsurance accounting under GAAP are not material at March 31, 2026.
Removed paragraphs (20)
Previous report
Value Creation Initiatives and Impairment Charges
Previous report
In addition, we recorded impairment charges of $32 million, relating to indefinite-lived intangible assets, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 within operating costs in our condensed consolidated statements of income. There were no impairment charges relating to indefinite-lived intangible assets recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Previous report
Consolidated premiums revenue increased $2.8 billion, or 9.9%, from $28.0 billion in the 2024 quarter to $30.7 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $7.6 billion, or 9.0%, from $84.4 billion in the 2024 period to $91.9 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to higher per member Medicare premiums, largely driven by an increased direct subsidy due to the IRA, and higher per member state-based contracts premiums, as well as membership growth in the state-based contracts and stand-alone PDP businesses. These factors were partially offset by the membership decline within the individual Medicare Advantage business, inclusive of the decision to exit certain unprofitable plans and counties.
Previous report
Consolidated services revenue increased $0.5 billion, or 45.1%, from $1.1 billion in the 2024 quarter to $1.6 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $1.1 billion, or 32.7%, from $3.3 billion in the 2024 period to $4.3 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to higher revenues associated with growth in the primary care and pharmacy solutions businesses, partially offset by the impact of the v28 risk model revision impacting the Primary Care business.
Previous report
Investment income decreased $5 million, or 1.5%, from $343 million in the 2024 quarter to $338 million in the 2025 quarter and decreased $55 million, or 5.9%, from $929 million in the 2024 period to $874 million in the 2025 period primarily due to lower interest income on debt securities.
Previous report
Consolidated benefits expense increased $2.9 billion, or 11.4%, from $25.1 billion in the 2024 quarter to $28.0 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $6.8 billion, or 9.0%, from $75.3 billion in the 2024 period to $82.1 billion in the 2025 period. The consolidated benefit ratio increased 120 basis points from 89.9% for the 2024 quarter to 91.1% for the 2025 quarter and increased 10 basis points from 89.2% for the 2024 period to 89.3% for the 2025 period primarily reflecting a shift in line of business mix resulting growth in the state-based contracts and stand-alone PDP businesses that carry a higher benefit ratio, combined with a reduction in individual Medicare Advantage membership, as well as incremental investments to improve member and patient outcomes and support operational excellence. These factors were partially offset by individual Medicare Advantage pricing inclusive of plan exits and benefit design changes that more than offset claims trend and the funding environment, as well as higher favorable prior-period medical claims development in the 2025 quarter and period. Further, the quarter comparison was negatively impacted in the 2025 quarter as a result of the change in Medicare Part D seasonality due to the IRA and the period comparison was affected by the favorable workday impact in the 2025 period combined with the favorability associated with the change in Medicare Part D seasonality due to the IRA.
Previous report
Consolidated benefits expense included $275 million of favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2025 quarter and $24 million of favorable prior-period medical claims development in the 2024 quarter. Consolidated benefits expense included $913 million of favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2025 period and $693 million of favorable prior-period medical claims reserve development in the 2024 period. Prior-period medical claims reserve development decreased the consolidated benefit ratio by approximately 90 basis points in the 2025 quarter and decreased the consolidated benefit ratio by approximately 10 basis points in the 2024 quarter. Prior-period medical claims reserve development decreased the consolidated benefit ratio by approximately 100 basis points in the 2025 period and decreased the consolidated benefit ratio by approximately 80 basis points in the 2024 period.
Previous report
Consolidated operating costs increased $0.7 billion, or 22.3%, from $3.3 billion in the 2024 quarter to $4.1 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $1.5 billion, or 15.6%, from $9.5 billion in the 2024 period to $11.0 billion in the 2025 period. The consolidated operating cost ratio increased 110 basis points from 11.5% for the 2024 quarter to 12.6% for the 2025 quarter and increased 50 basis points from 10.9% for the 2024 period to 11.4% for the 2025 period primarily due to business mix changes, including within the CenterWell segment that runs a significantly higher operating cost ratio than the Insurance segment, combined with the operating leverage impact of the loss of individual Medicare Advantage membership, as well as the impact of charges associated with the value creation initiatives, primarily related to severance in connection with workforce optimization and external consulting spend. The value creation initiative charges were recorded at the corporate level and not allocated to the segments. These factors were partially offset by administrative cost efficiencies resulting from the value creation initiatives and operating leverage associated with increased revenues from the impact of the IRA as previously described.
Previous report
Interest expense remained relatively unchanged from the 2024 quarter and period to the 2025 quarter and period.
Previous report
The effective income tax rate was (77.3)% and 20.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and 24.4% and 24.9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The 2025 quarter and period effective income tax rate reflect the impact of a tax loss on sale of business, which exceeded the book loss. The related tax benefit is realizable via capital loss carryback.
Previous report
Group Medicare Advantage membership increased 23,100 members, or 4.2%, from September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2025, consistent with expectations as we maintain pricing discipline in a competitive market.
Previous report
Medicare stand-alone PDP membership increased 130,500 members, or 5.6%, from September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2025, reflecting shifting competitive dynamics.
Previous report
State-based contracts and other membership increased 212,700 members, or 14.7%, from September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2025, reflecting allocation of additional membership in Kentucky and Ohio, as well as additional membership related to the Virginia contract implemented in the 2025 quarter.
Previous report
Specialty membership remained largely unchanged from September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2025.
Previous report
Insurance segment premiums revenue increased $2.8 billion, or 9.9%, from $28.0 billion in the 2024 quarter to $30.7 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $7.6 billion, or 9.0%, from $84.4 billion in the 2024 period to $91.9 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to higher per member Medicare premiums, largely driven by an increased direct subsidy due to the IRA, and higher per member state-based contracts premiums, as well as membership growth in the state-based contracts and stand-alone PDP businesses. These factors were partially offset by the membership decline within the individual Medicare Advantage business, inclusive of the decision to exit certain unprofitable plans and counties.
Previous report
Insurance segment services revenue increased $41 million, or 18.1%, from $226 million in the 2024 quarter to $267 million in the 2025 quarter and increased $10 million, or 1.4%, from $715 million in the 2024 period to $725 million in the 2025 period.
Previous report
The Insurance segment benefit ratio increased 50 basis points from 90.6% for the 2024 quarter to 91.1% for the 2025 quarter primarily reflecting a shift in line of business mix resulting growth in the state-based contracts and stand-alone PDP businesses that carry a higher benefit ratio, combined with a reduction in individual Medicare Advantage membership, as well as incremental investments to improve member and patient outcomes and support operational excellence. These factors were partially offset by individual Medicare Advantage pricing inclusive of plan exits and benefit design changes that more than offset claims trend and the funding environment, as well as higher favorable prior-period medical claims development in the 2025 quarter. Further, the quarter comparison was negatively impacted in the 2025 quarter as a result of the change in Medicare Part D seasonality due to the IRA. The Insurance segment benefit ratio decreased 30 basis points from 89.8% for the 2024 period to 89.5% for the 2025 period resulting from the net favorable impact of the factors impacting the quarterly comparison. The period comparison was further affected by the favorable workday impact in the 2025 period combined with the favorability associated with the change in Medicare Part D seasonality due to the IRA.
Previous report
CenterWell external services revenue increased $0.5 billion, or 52.0%, from $0.9 billion in the 2024 quarter to $1.3 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $1.1 billion, or 41.5%, from $2.6 billion in the 2024 period to $3.6 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to higher revenues associated with growth in the primary care and pharmacy solutions businesses, partially offset by the impact of the v28 risk model revision impacting the Primary Care business.
Previous report
CenterWell intersegment revenues increased $0.4 billion, or 9.2%, from $4.2 billion in the 2024 quarter to $4.5 billion in the 2025 quarter and increased $0.6 billion, or 5.3%, from $12.3 billion in the 2024 period to $12.9 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to higher revenues associated with growth in the pharmacy solutions business.
Previous report
Acquisition and divestiture related activities did not have a material impact on our cash flows during the 2025 period and 2024 period.
Reworded paragraphs (35)
Previous wording
Humana Inc., headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, is committed to putting health first – for our teammates, our customers, and our company. Through our Humana insurance services, and our CenterWell health care services, we make it easier for the millions of people we serve to achieve their best health – delivering the care and service they need, when they need it. These efforts are leading to a better quality of life for Medicare and Medicaid participants, families, individuals, military service personnel, and communities at large.
Current wording
Humana Inc., headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, is a leading U.S. healthcare company. Through our Humana insurance services and our CenterWell healthcare services, we make it easier for the millions of people we serve to achieve their best health – delivering the care and service they need, when they need it. These efforts are leading to a better quality of life for people with Medicare and Medicaid, families, individuals, military service personnel, and communities at large.
Previous wording
total benefits expense as a percentage of premiums revenue, represents a statistic used to measure underwriting profitability. The operating cost ratio, which is computed by taking total operating costs, excluding depreciation and amortization, as a percentage of total revenue less investment income, represents a statistic used to measure administrative spending efficiency.
Current wording
total benefits expense as a percentage of premiums revenue, represents a statistic used to measure underwriting profitability. The operating cost ratio, which is computed by taking total operating costs, excluding depreciation and amortization, as a percentage of total revenues less investment income, represents a statistic used to measure administrative spending efficiency.
Previous wording
In order to create capacity to fund growth and investment in our Medicare Advantage business and further expansion of our healthcare services capabilities, we have committed to driving additional value for the enterprise through cost saving, productivity initiatives, and value acceleration from previous investments. As a result of these initiatives, we recorded charges, primarily in severance charges in connection with workforce optimization and external consulting spend, of $267 million and $320 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. We recorded charges, primarily in asset impairments, of $55 million and $151 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. These charges were included within operating costs in the condensed consolidated statements of income. We expect to incur additional charges in 2025.
Current wording
As a result of these initiatives, we recorded charges of $98 million and $24 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, within operating costs in the consolidated statements of income. The charges primarily relate to external consulting spend, severance and other employee related charges in connection with workforce optimization, and asset impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. We expect to incur additional charges over the course of the program.
Previous wording
The Insurance segment consists of Medicare benefits, marketed to individuals or directly via group Medicare accounts, as well as our contract with CMS to administer the Limited Income Newly Eligible Transition, or LI-NET, prescription drug plan program and contracts with various states to provide Medicaid, dual eligible demonstration, and Long-Term Support Services benefits, which we refer to collectively as our state-based contracts. This segment also includes products consisting of specialty health insurance benefits marketed to individuals and employer groups, including dental, vision, and other supplemental health benefits. In addition, our Insurance segment includes our Military services business, primarily our T-5 East Region contract, as well as the operations of our PBM business.
Current wording
The Insurance segment consists of Medicare benefits, marketed to individuals or directly via group Medicare accounts, as well as our stand-alone prescription drug plans, or PDP, and contracts with various states to provide Medicaid, and Long-Term Support Services benefits, which we refer to collectively as our state-based contracts. This segment also includes products consisting of specialty health insurance benefits marketed to individuals and employer groups, including dental, vision, and other supplemental health benefits. In addition, our Insurance segment includes our Military services business as well as the operations of our PBM business.
Previous wording
The CenterWell segment includes our pharmacy, primary care, and home solutions operations. Services offered by this segment are designed to enhance the overall healthcare experience. These services may lead to lower utilization associated with improved member health and/or lower drug costs.
Current wording
The CenterWell segment includes our pharmacy solutions, primary care, and home solutions operations. Services offered by this segment are designed to enhance the overall healthcare experience. These services may lead to lower utilization associated with improved member health and/or lower drug costs.
Previous wording
Transactions between reportable segments primarily consist of sales of products and services rendered by our CenterWell segment, primarily pharmacy, primary care, and home solutions, to our Insurance segment customers. Intersegment sales and expenses are recorded primarily at fair value and eliminated in consolidation. Members served by our segments often use the same provider networks, enabling us in some instances to obtain more favorable contract terms with providers. Our segments also share indirect costs and assets. As a result, the profitability of each segment is interdependent. We allocate most operating expenses to our segments. Assets and certain corporate income and expenses are not allocated to the segments, including the portion of investment income not supporting segment operations, interest expense on corporate debt, and certain other corporate expenses. These items are managed at a corporate level. These corporate amounts are reported separately from our reportable segments and are included with intersegment eliminations.
Current wording
Transactions between reportable segments primarily consist of sales of products and services rendered by our CenterWell segment, primarily pharmacy solutions, primary care, and home solutions, to our Insurance segment customers. Intersegment sales and expenses are recorded primarily at fair value and eliminated in consolidation. Members served by our segments often use the same provider networks, enabling us in some instances to obtain more favorable contract terms with providers. Our segments also share indirect costs and assets. As a result, the profitability of each segment is interdependent. We allocate most operating expenses to our segments. Assets and certain corporate income and expenses are not allocated to the segments, including the portion of investment income not supporting segment operations, interest expense on corporate debt, and certain other corporate expenses. These items are managed at a corporate level. These corporate amounts are reported separately from our reportable segments and are included with intersegment eliminations.
Previous wording
Our quarterly Insurance segment earnings and operating cash flows are impacted by the Medicare Part D benefit design and changes in the composition of our stand-alone prescription drug plan, or PDP, membership. The Medicare Part D benefit design results in coverage that varies as a member’s cumulative out-of-pocket costs pass through successive stages of a member’s plan period, which begins annually on January 1 for renewals. Effective January 1, 2025, the Medicare Part D coverage gap was eliminated as mandated by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, or IRA. The standard Part D benefit now comprises three phases: the deductible phase, the initial coverage phase and the catastrophic coverage phase. Beneficiaries' out-of-pocket expenses for covered prescription drugs are capped at $2,000, after which they incur no additional cost sharing for the remainder of the year. In addition, the Coverage Gap Discount Program was replaced by the Manufacturer Discount Program, requiring pharmaceutical manufacturers to provide discounts on brand name drugs during both the initial coverage and catastrophic phases. These changes are anticipated to reduce out-of-pocket costs for beneficiaries and impact plan liabilities, accordingly. These benefit design changes will result in us sharing a greater portion of the responsibility and result in net prescription costs that are more level throughout the year as compared to the historical seasonal decline seen prior to the IRA. In addition, the number of low-income senior members, as well as year-over-year changes in the mix of membership in our stand-alone PDP products, affects the quarterly benefit ratio pattern. The Insurance segment also experiences seasonality in the operating cost ratio as a result of costs incurred in the second half of the year associated with the Medicare marketing season.
Current wording
Our quarterly Insurance segment earnings and operating cash flows are impacted by the Medicare Part D benefit design and changes in the composition of our stand-alone PDP membership. The Medicare Part D benefit design results in coverage that varies as a member’s cumulative out-of-pocket costs pass through successive stages of a member’s plan period, which begins annually on January 1 for renewals. The benefit design changes associated with the implementation of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, or IRA, reduced out-of-pocket costs for beneficiaries, resulting in greater cost sharing and a leveling of net prescription costs throughout the year. In addition, the number of low income senior members as well as year-over-year changes in the mix of membership in our stand-alone PDP products affects the quarterly benefit ratio pattern.
Previous wording
•Our strategy is to offer our members affordable health care combined with a positive consumer experience in growing markets. At the core of this strategy is our integrated care delivery model, which unites quality care, high member engagement, and sophisticated data analytics. Our approach to primary, physician-directed care for our members aims to provide quality care that is consistent, integrated, cost-effective, and member-focused, provided by both employed physicians and physicians with network contract arrangements. The model is designed to improve health outcomes and affordability for individuals and for the health system as a whole, while offering our members a simple, seamless healthcare experience. We believe this strategy is positioning us for long-term growth in both membership and earnings. We offer providers a continuum of opportunities to increase the integration of care and offer assistance to providers in transitioning from a fee-for-service to a value-based arrangement. These include performance bonuses, shared savings and shared risk relationships. At September 30, 2025, approximately 3,553,000 members, or 68%, of our individual Medicare Advantage members were in value-based relationships under our integrated care delivery model, as compared to 3,984,900 members, or 70%, at September 30, 2024.
Current wording
•Our strategy is to offer our members affordable health care combined with a positive consumer experience in growing markets. At the core of this strategy is our integrated care delivery model, which unites quality care, high member engagement, and sophisticated data analytics. Our approach to primary, physician-directed care for our members aims to provide quality care that is consistent, integrated, cost-effective, and member-focused, provided by both employed physicians and physicians with network contract arrangements. The model is designed to improve health outcomes and affordability for individuals and for the health system as a whole, while offering our members a simple, seamless healthcare experience. We believe this strategy is positioning us for long-term growth in both membership and earnings. We offer providers a continuum of opportunities to increase the integration of care and offer assistance to providers in transitioning from a fee-for-service to a value-based arrangement. These include performance bonuses, shared savings and shared risk relationships. At March 31, 2026, approximately 4,088,800 members, or 64%, of our individual Medicare Advantage members were in value-based relationships under our integrated care delivery model, as compared to 3,501,700 members, or 67%, at March 31, 2025.
Previous wording
•Net income attributable to Humana was $195 million, or $1.62 per diluted common share, and $480 million, or $3.98 per diluted common share, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Net income attributable to Humana was $2.0 billion, or $16.43 per diluted common share, and $1.9 billion, or $15.72 per diluted common share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These comparisons were significantly impacted by put/call valuation adjustments associated with non-consolidating minority interest investments, impairment charges, settlement of certain litigation expenses, loss on sale of business and charges associated with value creation initiatives. The impact of these adjustments to our consolidated income before income taxes and equity in net losses and diluted earnings per common share was as follows for the 2025 and 2024 quarter and period:
Current wording
•Net income attributable to Humana was $1.19 billion, or $9.83 per diluted common share, and $1.24 billion, or $10.30 per diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. These comparisons were impacted by put/call valuation adjustments associated with non-consolidating minority interest investments and charges associated with value creation initiatives. The impact of these adjustments to our consolidated income before income taxes and equity in net losses and diluted earnings per common share was as follows for the 2026 and 2025 quarter:
Previous wording
It is reasonably possible that these laws and regulations, as well as other current or future legislative, judicial or regulatory changes including restrictions on our ability to manage our provider network, manage and sell our products, or otherwise operate our business, or restrictions on profitability, including reviews by regulatory bodies that may compare our Medicare Advantage profitability to our non-Medicare Advantage business profitability, or compare the profitability of various products within our Medicare Advantage business, and require that they remain within certain ranges of each other, increases in member benefits or changes to member eligibility criteria without corresponding increases in premium payments to us, further restrictions on service arrangements and fee payments between intercompany or vertically-integrated assets, increases in regulation of our prescription drug benefit businesses, reductions in reimbursement rates, or changes to the Part D prescription drug benefit design (and uncertainty arising from the implementation of these changes) in the aggregate may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations (including restricting revenue, enrollment and premium growth in certain products and market segments, restricting our ability to expand into new markets, increasing our medical and operating costs, further lowering our Medicare payment rates and increasing our expenses associated with assessments); our financial position (including our ability to maintain the value of our goodwill); and our cash flows.
Current wording
It is reasonably possible that these laws and regulations, as well as other current or future legislative, judicial or regulatory changes including restrictions on our ability to manage our provider network, manage and sell our products, or otherwise operate our business, or restrictions on profitability, including reviews by regulatory bodies that may compare our Medicare Advantage profitability to our non-Medicare Advantage business profitability, or compare the profitability of various products within our Medicare Advantage business, and require that they remain within certain ranges of each other, increases in member benefits or changes to member eligibility criteria without corresponding increases in premium payments to us, further restrictions on ownership structure, service arrangements, or fee payments between intercompany or vertically-integrated assets, increases in regulation of our prescription drug benefit businesses, reductions in reimbursement rates, or changes to the Part D prescription drug benefit design (and uncertainty arising from the implementation of these changes) in the aggregate may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations (including restricting revenue, enrollment and premium growth in certain products and market segments, restricting our ability to expand into new markets, increasing our medical and operating costs, further lowering our Medicare payment rates and increasing our expenses associated with assessments); our financial position (including our ability to maintain the value of our goodwill); and our cash flows.
Previous wording
We intend for the discussion of our financial condition and results of operations that follows to assist in the understanding of our financial statements and related changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year, including the primary factors that accounted for those changes. Transactions between reportable segments primarily consist of sales of products and services rendered by our CenterWell segment, primarily pharmacy, primary care, and home solutions, to our Insurance segment customers and are described in Note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Current wording
We intend for the discussion of our financial condition and results of operations that follows to assist in the understanding of our financial statements and related changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year, including the primary factors that accounted for those changes. Transactions between reportable segments primarily consist of sales of products and services rendered by our CenterWell segment, primarily pharmacy solutions, primary care, and home solutions, to our Insurance segment customers and are described in Note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.
Previous wording
The following discussion primarily deals with our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2025, or the 2025 quarter, the three months ended September 30, 2024, or the 2024 quarter, the nine months ended September 30, 2025, or the 2025 period, and the nine months ended September 30, 2024, or the 2024 period.
Current wording
The following discussion primarily deals with our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026, or the 2026 quarter and the three months ended March 31, 2025, or the 2025 quarter.
Previous wording
Depreciation and amortization decreased $37 million, or 17.6%, from $210 million in the 2024 quarter to $173 million in the 2025 quarter and decreased $97 million, or 15.4%, from $631 million in the 2024 period to $534 million in the 2025 period primarily due to decreased capital spending.
Current wording
Depreciation and amortization decreased $20 million, or 10.9%, from $183 million in the 2025 quarter to $163 million in the 2026 quarter primarily due to decreased capital spending.
Previous wording
Insurance segment income from operations decreased $23 million, or 8.4%, from $274 million in the 2024 quarter to $251 million in the 2025 quarter and increased $0.7 billion, or 33.9%, from $1.9 billion in the 2024 period to $2.6 billion in the 2025 period primarily due to the same factors impacting the Insurance segment's benefit and operating cost ratios as more fully described below.
Current wording
Insurance segment income from operations decreased $139 million, or 8.8%, from $1.6 billion in the 2025 quarter to $1.4 billion in the 2026 quarter primarily due to the same factors impacting the Insurance segment's benefit and operating cost ratios as more fully described below.
Previous wording
Individual Medicare Advantage membership decreased 421,900 members, or 7.5%, from September 30, 2024 to September 30, 2025, inclusive of the decision to exit certain unprofitable plans and counties. Individual Medicare Advantage membership includes 765,800 D-SNP members as of September 30, 2025, a net decrease of 173,800 D-SNP members, or 18.5%, from 939,600 D-SNP members as of September 30, 2024.
Current wording
Individual Medicare Advantage membership increased 1,177,500 members, or 22.6%, from March 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 reflecting net membership gains during the most recent AEP and OEP. Individual Medicare Advantage membership includes 945,100 D-SNP members as of March 31, 2026, a net increase of 146,000 D-SNP members, or 18.3%, from 799,100 D-SNP members as of March 31, 2025.
Previous wording
The Insurance segment operating cost ratio decreased 10 basis points from 9.2% for the 2024 quarter to 9.1% for the 2025 quarter and decreased 10 basis points from 8.6% for the 2024 period to 8.5% for the 2025 period primarily due to administrative cost efficiencies resulting from the value creation initiatives and operating leverage associated with increased revenues from the impact of the IRA as previously described. These factors were partially offset by the operating leverage impact of the loss of individual Medicare Advantage membership.
Current wording
The Insurance segment operating cost ratio decreased 90 basis points from 8.2% for the 2025 quarter to 7.3% for the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting operating leverage associated with increased revenues from membership growth across the Medicare businesses in 2026 combined with an improved MA benchmark funding rate and increased Part D direct subsidy resulting from the IRA, as well as the progress on our previously discussed tactical cost cutting and transformation initiatives combined with the beneficial impact of prior value creation initiatives that have driven administrative cost efficiencies. These factors were partially offset by the impact of the previously disclosed BY 2026 Star Ratings headwind.
Previous wording
CenterWell income from operations decreased $77 million, or 20.2%, from $382 million in the 2024 quarter to $305 million in the 2025 quarter and increased $39 million, or 3.9%, from $1,002 million in the 2024 period to $1,041 million in the 2025 period primarily due to the same factors impacting the CenterWell segment's revenue and operating cost ratio as more fully described below.
Current wording
CenterWell income from operations decreased $103 million, or 26.3%, from $392 million in the 2025 quarter to $289 million in the 2026 quarter primarily due to the same factors impacting the CenterWell segment's revenue and operating cost ratio as more fully described below.
Previous wording
The CenterWell segment operating cost ratio increased 260 basis points from 91.3% for the 2024 quarter to 93.9% for the 2025 quarter and increased 60 basis points from 92.1% for the 2024 period to 92.7% for the 2025 period primarily resulting from the continued phase-in of the v28 risk model revision within the primary care business, as well as the uptick of volume within CenterWell Specialty Pharmacy, which carries a higher operating cost ratio than the traditional pharmacy business. These factors were partially offset by more favorable operating trends in the primary care business as a result of maturation of the v28 mitigation activities, as well as administrative cost efficiencies resulting from the value creation initiatives.
Current wording
The CenterWell segment operating cost ratio increased 340 basis points from 91.1% for the 2025 quarter to 94.5% for the 2026 quarter primarily reflecting thefinal year of the phase-in of the v28 risk model revision, along with certain year-over-year timing impacts, the uptick of volume within CenterWell Specialty Pharmacy, which carries a higher operating cost ratio than the traditional pharmacy business, the anticipated headwind in the 2026 quarter associated with a primary care acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2025, as well as transaction and integration costs associated with the recently disclosed acquisition of MaxHealth in the 2026 quarter. These factors were partially offset by thecontinued maturation of the v28 mitigation activities within the primary care business andthe progress on our tactical cost cutting and transformation initiatives combined with the beneficial impact of prior value creation initiatives that have driven administrative cost efficiencies.
Previous wording
Cash and cash equivalents increased to approximately $5.4 billion at September 30, 2025 from $2.2 billion at December 31, 2024. The change in cash and cash equivalents for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is summarized as follows:
Current wording
Cash and cash equivalents increased to approximately $5.0 billion at March 31, 2026 from $4.2 billion at December 31, 2025. The change in cash and cash equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is summarized as follows:
Previous wording
Cash flows provided by operations of $2.6 billion in the 2025 period decreased $0.9 billion from cash flows provided by operations of $3.5 billion in the 2024 period. The decrease in our operating cash flows primarily reflected the unfavorable impact of working capital items, partially offset by higher earnings in the 2025 period.
Current wording
Cash flows provided by operations of $1.3 billion in the 2026 quarter increased $0.9 billion from cash flows provided by operations of $0.3 billion in the 2025 quarter. The increase in our operating cash flows was the result of favorable working capital activity, primarily associated with an increase in the IBNR balance, modestly offset by a decline in net earnings in the 2026 quarter.
Previous wording
The detail of total net receivables at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and reconciliation to cash flow for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was as follows:
Current wording
The detail of total net receivables at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 and reconciliation to cash flow for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was as follows:
Previous wording
The change in Medicare receivables for the 2025 period reflects lower individual Medicare Advantage membership partially offset by higher per member Medicare premiums, driven largely by an increased direct subsidy due to the IRA. The change in Medicare receivables for the 2024 period reflects individual Medicare Advantage membership growth. In addition, both periods further reflect the typical pattern caused by the timing of accruals and related collections associated with the CMS risk-adjustment model. Significant collections occur with the mid-year and final settlements with CMS in the second and third quarter.
Current wording
The change in Medicare receivables for the 2026 quarter and 2025 quarter reflects the typical pattern caused by the timing of accruals and related collections associated with the CMS risk-adjustment model. Significant collections occur with the mid-year and final settlements with CMS in the second and third quarter.
Previous wording
Our ongoing capital expenditures primarily relate to our information technology initiatives, support of services in our primary care operations including medical and administrative facility improvements necessary for activities such as the provision of care to members, claims processing, billing and collections, wellness solutions, care coordination, regulatory compliance and customer service. Total net capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, were $344 million in the 2025 period and $421 million in the 2024 period.
Current wording
Our ongoing capital expenditures primarily relate to our information technology initiatives, support of services in our primary care operations including medical and administrative facility improvements necessary for activities such as the provision of care to members, claims processing, billing and collections, wellness solutions, care coordination, regulatory compliance and customer service. Total net capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, were $121 million in the 2026 quarter and $95 million in the 2025 quarter.
Previous wording
Net proceeds of investment securities were $1.9 billion in the 2025 period and net purchases of investment securities were $2.4 billion in the 2024 period.
Current wording
Net purchases of investment securities were $1.5 billion in the 2026 quarter and net proceeds of investment securities were $409 million in the 2025 quarter.
Previous wording
Claim payments were higher than receipts from CMS associated with Medicare Part D claim subsidies for which we do not assume risk by $1.2 billion and $0.6 billion in the 2025 and 2024 periods, respectively.
Current wording
Receipts from CMS associated with Medicare Part D claim subsidies for which we do not assume risk were higher than claim payments by $548 million and $75 million in the 2026 and 2025 quarters, respectively.
Previous wording
Under our administrative services only TRICARE contracts, health care costs payments for which we do not assume risk exceeded reimbursements from the federal government by $8 million and $75 million in the 2025 and 2024 periods, respectively.
Current wording
Under our administrative services only TRICARE contracts, reimbursements from the federal government exceeded health care costs payments for which we do not assume risk by $125 million in the 2026 quarter and health care costs payments for which we do not assume risk exceeded reimbursements from the federal government by $110 million in the 2025 quarter.
Previous wording
In May 2025, we entered into a Rule 10b5-1 Repurchase Plan to repurchase a portion of our $750 million aggregate principal amount of 1.350% senior notes maturing in February 2027 and a portion of our $600 million aggregate principal amount of 3.950% senior notes maturing in March 2027 during the period beginning on May 1, 2025 and ending on August 29, 2025. For the period ended September 30, 2025, we repurchased $200 million principal amount of these senior notes for approximately $194 million cash.
Current wording
In March 2026, we entered into a Rule 10b5-1 Repurchase Plan to repurchase a portion of our $750 million aggregate principal amount of 1.350% senior notes maturing in February 2027, $600 million aggregate principal of 3.950% senior notes maturing in March 2027, $750 million aggregate principal amount of 3.700% senior notes maturing in March 2029, $500 million aggregate principal amount of 3.125% senior notes maturing in August 2029 and $750 million aggregate principal amount of 2.150% senior notes maturing in February 2032 during the period beginning on March 23, 2026 and ending on July 31, 2026. For the period ended March 31, 2026, we repurchased $10 million of the principal amount of the 1.350% senior notes maturing in February 2027 for approximately $10 million cash.
Previous wording
In March 2025, we issued $750 million of 5.550% unsecured senior notes due May 1, 2035, $500 million of 6.000% unsecured senior notes due May 1, 2055, and an additional $250 million of our existing 5.375% unsecured senior notes due April 15, 2031. Our net proceeds, reduced for the underwriters' discounts and commissions paid, were $1.5 billion. We used the net proceeds of these offerings to repay the remaining $577 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.500% unsecured senior notes on their maturity date of April 1, 2025. The remaining net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of our existing indebtedness, including borrowings under our commercial paper program.
Current wording
In March 2025, we issued $750 million of 5.550% unsecured senior notes due May 1, 2035, $500 million of 6.000% unsecured senior notes due May 1, 2055, and an additional $250 million of our existing 5.375% unsecured senior notes due April 15, 2031. Our net proceeds, reduced for the underwriters' discounts and commissions paid, were $1.481 billion. We used the net proceeds of these offerings to repay outstanding amounts from the 4.500% Senior Notes due on April 1, 2025. The remaining net proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of our existing indebtedness, including borrowings under our commercial paper program.
Previous wording
In 2024, we entered into a securities lending program where we loan certain investment securities for short periods of time in exchange for collateral. In 2024, we also entered into an uncommitted receivables purchase facility under which certain pharmaceutical rebate receivables may be sold on a non-recourse basis to a financial institution. In the 2025 period net proceeds from the securities lending program were $141 million and net repayments from the uncommitted receivables purchase facility were $123 million. In the 2024 period, net proceeds from the securities lending program were $361 million.
Current wording
In 2024, we entered into a securities lending program where we loan certain investment securities for short periods of time in exchange for collateral. In 2024, we also entered into an uncommitted receivables purchase facility under which certain pharmaceutical rebate receivables may be sold on a non-recourse basis to a financial institution. In the 2026 quarter net repayments from the securities lending program were $55 million. There were no repayments or proceeds from the uncommitted receivables purchase facility in the 2026 quarter. In the 2025 quarter, net proceeds from the securities lending program were $175 million and net repayments from the uncommitted receivables purchase facility were $68 million.
Previous wording
Net repayments from the issuance of commercial paper were $5 million and $895 million in the 2025 period and 2024 period, respectively. The maximum principal amount outstanding at any one time during the 2025 period was $1.2 billion.
Current wording
Net proceeds from the issuance of commercial paper were $693 million in the 2026 quarter and maximum principal amount outstanding at any one time during the 2026 quarter was $2.0 billion. Net repayments from the issuance of commercial paper were $4 million in the 2025 quarter.
Previous wording
We repurchased common shares for $109 million and $768 million in the 2025 period and 2024 period, respectively, under share repurchase plans authorized by the Board of Directors and in connection with employee stock plans.
Current wording
We acquired common shares in connection with employee stock plans for $107 million and $9 million in the 2026 quarter and 2025 quarter, respectively.
Previous wording
We paid dividends to stockholders of $321 million and $323 million during the 2025 period and 2024 period, respectively.
Current wording
We paid dividends to stockholders of $107 million and $108 million during the 2026 quarter and 2025 quarter, respectively.
Previous wording
For additional information regarding debt, including our senior notes, term loans, revolving credit agreements, commercial paper program and other short-term borrowings, refer to Note 12 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements" of this Form 10-Q.
Current wording
For additional information regarding debt, including our senior notes, junior subordinated notes, revolving credit agreements, commercial paper program and other short-term borrowings, refer to Note 12 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, "Financial Statements" of this Form 10-Q.
Previous wording
In addition, we operate as a holding company in a highly regulated industry. Humana Inc., our parent company, is dependent upon dividends and administrative expense reimbursements from our subsidiaries, most of which are subject to regulatory restrictions. We continue to maintain significant levels of aggregate excess statutory capital and surplus in our state-regulated operating subsidiaries. Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at the parent company were $1.9 billion at September 30, 2025 compared to $562 million at December 31, 2024. This increase primarily reflects working capital changes, net proceeds from the issuance of senior notes, and proceeds from sale of business, partially offset by repayments of senior notes, capital contributions to certain subsidiaries, cash dividends to shareholders, capital expenditures, and common stock repurchases. Our use of operating cash derived from our non-insurance subsidiaries, such as our CenterWell segment, is generally not restricted by departments of insurance (or comparable state regulators).
Current wording
In addition, we operate as a holding company in a highly regulated industry. Humana Inc., our parent company, is dependent upon dividends and administrative expense reimbursements from our subsidiaries, most of which are subject to regulatory restrictions. We continue to maintain significant levels of aggregate excess statutory capital and surplus in our state-regulated operating subsidiaries. Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments at the parent company were $111 million at March 31, 2026 compared to $1.5 billion at December 31, 2025. This decrease primarily reflects capital contributions to certain subsidiaries, cash dividends to shareholders, capital expenditures, and common stock repurchases, partially offset by net proceeds from the issuance of junior subordinated notes and commercial paper. Our use of operating cash derived from our non-insurance subsidiaries, such as our CenterWell segment, is generally not restricted by departments of insurance (or comparable state regulators).
Previous wording
Although minimum required levels of equity are largely based on premium volume, product mix, and the quality of assets held, minimum requirements vary significantly at the state level. Based on the most recently filed statutory financial statements as of June 30, 2025, our state regulated subsidiaries had aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $15.2 billion, which exceeded aggregate minimum regulatory requirements of $10.9 billion. The amount of ordinary dividends paid to our parent company was approximately $0.3 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $0.5 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The amount, timing and mix of ordinary and extraordinary dividend payments will vary due to state regulatory requirements, the level of excess statutory capital and surplus and expected future surplus requirements related to, for example, premium volume and product mix.
Current wording
Although minimum required levels of equity are largely based on premium volume, product mix, and the quality of assets held, minimum requirements vary significantly at the state level. Based on the most recently filed statutory financial statements as of December 31, 2025, our state regulated subsidiaries had aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $14.1 billion, which exceeded aggregate minimum regulatory requirements of $7.5 billion. The amount of ordinary dividends that may be paid to our parent company in 2026 is approximately $1.1 billion in the aggregate. Actual dividends paid to our parent company were approximately $1.1 billion in 2025. The amount, timing and mix of ordinary and extraordinary dividend payments will vary due to state regulatory requirements, the level of excess statutory capital and surplus and expected future surplus requirements related to, for example, premium volume and product mix.
Rearranged current paragraphs (2)
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
The Insurance segment also experiences seasonality in the operating cost ratio as a result of costs incurred in the
Current report — wording carried from elsewhere
second half of the year associated with the Medicare marketing season.
Rearranged previous paragraphs (1)
Previous report — wording carried elsewhere
In March 2024, we issued $1.3 billion of 5.375% unsecured senior notes due April 15, 2031 and $1.0 billion of 5.750% unsecured senior notes due April 15, 2054. Our net proceeds, reduced for the underwriters' discounts and commissions paid, were $2.2 billion. We used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, which included the repayment of existing indebtedness, including borrowings under our commercial paper program.