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CITIZENS, INC.

For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 8, 2025.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 8, 2025

CIA$4.13+0.2%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

What changed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis?

Read the current filing

Previous report: 10-Q

Period ended 2024-09-30; filed 2024-11-07.

0000024090-24-000174

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSegment Operations

Current report: 10-Q

Period ended 2025-03-31; filed 2025-05-08.

0000024090-25-000063

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSegment Operations

The baseline is this issuer’s latest earlier reporting period of the same form that was filed before the current report. A previous 10-Q is a different quarter, not a year-over-year comparison. Amendments are excluded.

Compared 171 previous paragraphs and 182 current paragraphs.

69 unchanged; 69 reworded; 38 added; 33 removed; 0 previous and 6 current paragraphs rearranged.

Tables are not compared: 43 previous and 44 current tables excluded. Dates, whitespace, punctuation and numbering changes are ignored; changes to financial figures remain significant.

A changed paragraph is not evidence that risk increased or decreased. An unchanged paragraph does not establish that risk stayed the same.

Added paragraphs (38)

Current report

Investment related gains and losses derive principally from our investments in equity securities and include unrealized gains and losses from market price changes in these equities during the period. As evidenced, investment related gains and losses can cause significant fluctuations from period to period and while they are included in our operating revenue, we do not believe they are indicative of our operating results.

Current report

As discussed in our 2024 Form 10-K, in December 2024, BlackRock, Inc. ("BlackRock") announced a substantial write-down of its Global Renewable Power Fund III, a $4.8 billion flagship renewable fund, due to the collapse of two key investments: Northvolt and SolarZero. In 2025, BlackRock continued to review the valuation of this fund and reduced the net asset value further. We had invested in this fund as part of our environmental, social and governance ("ESG") initiatives and although we did not sell this investment, we reported an investment related loss on this investment of $3.3 million in the fourth quarterof 2024 and an additional $3.1 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2025. This sector has experienced market headwinds primarily driven by rising interest rates, supply chain disruption and less certain policy environment.

Current report

Net income (loss) before federal income tax decreased to a loss of $1.8 million in 2025 from income of $4.9 million in 2024. The factors that impacted this change were:

Current report

•$3.9 million decrease in investment related gains and losses primarily related to the BlackRock write-down;

Current report

•total premium revenues increased by $1.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025, but were offset by a $2.5 million increase in total insurance benefits paid or provided.

Current report

•Adjusted book value per share of Class A common stock of $6.121

Current report

1 Adjusted book value per of Class A common share is a non-GAAP measure that is calculated by dividing actual Class A common stockholders’ equity, excluding AOCI, by the number of Class A common shares outstanding at the end of the period.

Current report

One sales factor that is key to our profitability is product mix. We offer a competitive product mix designed to meet the needs of our specific customer segments and actively manage new product margins and in-force profitability. Product mix can have an impact on profitability - selling a higher volume of lower-margin products, we may receive more premiums but may not be as profitable as in periods when we sell a greater percentage of higher-margin products. Our product mix has been trending towards sales of our newer whole life products, both internationally and domestically, which have a smaller margin than sales of endowment products. We expect this trend to continue due to the anticipated volumes of endowment maturities being replaced by higher volumes of whole life products.

Current report

Renewal Premiums. Our direct renewal premium revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2025 slightly increased primarily due to strong sales in 2024 leading to higher number of policies paying renewal premiums in the current period.

Current report

•death claim benefits decreased in our Life Insurance segment due to a combination of lower volume of claims and our coinsurance agreement with RGA alleviating some of our liability to pay these claims than in the prior year quarter,

Current report

Operating Expenses. Operating expenses are our second largest expense and thus also drive our operating results. Operating expenses are meaningful to gain an understanding of how we manage our business, including among other things, salaries, benefits and spending on growth initiatives. The primary reasons for the increase in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the prior year quarter were our continued investment in the growth of our business and higher costs associated with our equity compensation program as a result of increased stock price and additional participants.

Current report

Actuarial assumptions are continually monitored and updated at least annually to reflect overall experience as well as emerging trends.

Current report

In our Life Insurance segment, we continued to experience strong sales and increased number of policies issued of our new domestic final expense products; however, implementation of new initiatives, including use of information to enhance underwriting decisions with additional medical and lab data from third parties, resulted in higher sales of products with lower policy face amounts in the first quarter of 2025 as compared to the prior year period. Internationally, the Life Insurance segment benefited from increased sales of our whole life product, which accounted for 63% of total insurance issued internationally in this segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025. This product tends to have higher policy face amounts than our older endowment products.

Current report

The amount of direct insurance inforce for the periods indicated is shown below.

Current report

Overall insurance inforce growth has been and will be impacted by persistency rates, policy maturities and surrenders.

Current report

Total revenues decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the prior year period. Despite the increase in both first year and renewal premiums, revenues decreased due to the Blackrock material adjustment in valuation, which led to a $3.9 million decrease in investment related gains (losses) which was mostly non-cash.

Current report

Our first year direct premiums increased 49% in the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024, due to sales of our newer products in our Life Insurance segment and expanded domestic distribution. Renewal premiums increased from strong first year sales in 2024 in our Life Insurance segment leading to higher number of policies paying renewal premiums in the first quarter of 2025, which more than offset the impacts from a higher level of surrenders during the last few years and increasing matured endowment benefits paid in the international portion of our Life Insurance segment.

Current report

Reinsurance premiums ceded increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 due to a coinsurance agreement we entered into with RGA in the second quarter of 2024.

Current report

Fixed maturity securities constitute the vast majority, or 88% of our investment portfolio based on fair value and thus provide the majority of our net investment income. Our net fixed maturity investment portfolio, primarily invested in callable securities, has faced challenges as many securities were called between 2019 and 2021, necessitating reinvestment in low interest rate fixed maturity assets, which impact net investment income and yields.

Current report

Death claim benefits decreased 12% in 2025 compared to 2024 due to a combination of lower volume and our coinsurance agreement with RGA alleviating some of our liability to pay these claims. We did not have this agreement during the first quarter of 2024.

Current report

Many of our endowment policies are reaching their contractual maturity dates and thus matured endowment benefits increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the prior year quarter. We anticipated this $6.6 million increase in the first quarter of 2025 based upon the contractual maturity dates and expect continued year-over-year increases in matured endowment benefits throughout 2025, then to remain at elevated, but slightly lower levels over the next few years, as more of these contracts expire.

Current report

Other General Expenses. Total general expenses increased $1.4 million, or 12%, in 2025 compared to 2024. The increase was primarily driven by costs related to our strategic growth initiatives and costs incurred associated with our equity compensation program due to higher stock price and additional participants. We continue to work on managing controllable operating expenses while investing in growth initiatives.

Current report

million decrease in investment related gains and losses related to our BlackRock investment. In addition, our higher premiums were offset by an increase in total insurance benefits paid or provided. Other general expenses were also higher tosupport our CICA Domestic growth.

Current report

Premiums. Direct premiums increased by $3.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024 driven by sales of our newer products and an increased number of producing agents. First year premium growth was primarily in our new domestic final expense business, but first year premiums in our international business also increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024 as we continue to work with our distribution partners to expand sales. Due to the coinsurance agreement with RGA entered into in the second quarter of 2024, ceded reinsurance premiums increased.

Current report

Other General Expenses. General expenses increased due primarily to expenses related to costs associated with continued investment in the growth of CICA domestic.

Current report

In our Home Service Insurance segment, income before federal income tax was $0.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $0.6 million in the prior year period. The decline is attributed to higher investment related losses and other general expenses.

Current report

Surrender benefits increased in the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. We believe the impact of inflation is negatively impacting persistency.

Current report

Gross unrealized losses on AFS fixed maturity securities amounted to $169.3 million as of March 31, 2025 and $185.7 million as of December 31, 2024. This decrease in gross unrealized losses during 2025 was a result of the increase in average market interest rates at the end of 2025 as compared to 2024.

Current report

Payment of benefits for claims and surrenders are our largest use of cash. There are three primary components of these payments: death claims, surrenders and matured endowments.

Current report

Our cash flow from operations is also negatively impacted with high matured endowments and surrenders, as they lead to lower renewal premiums.
Removed paragraphs (33)

Previous report

Premium revenues and investment income are our two primary sources of revenue and thus key to our profitability.

Previous report

Because we ceased operations in our property insurance business effective June 30, 2023, the premiums charts below only reflect life insurance and accident and health insurance ("A&H") direct premium results.

Previous report

Renewal Premiums. Our renewal life and A&H premium revenues in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 slightly decreased primarily due to the impact of a higher level of surrenders and matured

Previous report

endowments in our international business during the last few years, which has led to a lower number of policies paying renewal premiums.

Previous report

•death claim benefits increased due to the significant growth in our domestic life in force business as well as a higher volume of reported claims in our Home Services Insurance segment,

Previous report

•surrenders decreased as we continue to focus on retention efforts, and

Previous report

While surrenders and matured endowments do not significantly affect current profitability since reserves are released in a corresponding amount of the surrendered policy or matured endowment benefit payment, they

Previous report

negatively affect future renewal premium revenue and thus have a greater impact to future profitability versus current profitability.

Previous report

Operating Expenses. Operating expenses are our second largest expense and thus also drive our operating results. Our general operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased compared to the prior year periods. The primary reason for the increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was the accrual of $3.5 million in legal fees awarded to certain defendants in the trade secret lawsuit. We have not paid any of these fees and intend to appeal the judgment against us. See Part I, Item 1, Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies, as well as Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings - Trade Secret Lawsuit for additional details. To a lesser extent, the increase was also due to our continued investment in the growth of our business and costs incurred as we transitioned to a new CEO.

Previous report

based upon our best estimates of mortality and lapses and are inherently more difficult to predict for a new product line. Actuarial assumptions are continually monitored and are expected to become less volatile as this business matures and we develop more experience.

Previous report

Our net income before federal income taxes decreased to $3.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $4.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023. While our revenues increased by $2.3 million due primarily to higher first year premiums and investment related gains, our net income decreased due primarily to (i) lower renewal premiums resulting from high surrenders and matured endowments in the past few years, and (ii) an increase in total benefits and expenses paid including (a) an increase in future policyholder benefit reserves primarily related to increases in our domestic life in force business and issuance of supplemental contracts; (b) policyholder remeasurement loss related to updating our actuarial assumptions in our CICA Domestic business; and (c) an increase in death claims.

Previous report

Our net income before federal income taxes decreased from $17.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to $11.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. In addition to the reasons described above, during the nine month period we accrued $3.5 million in legal fees awarded to the certain defendants in the trade secret lawsuit.

Previous report

Our basic net income per share of Class A common stock was $0.06 and $0.23 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $0.06 and $0.28 in the same prior year periods.

Previous report

•Diluted net income per share of Class A common stock of $0.22

Previous report

The growth in our Life Insurance segment is primarily attributable to strong sales of our new domestic final expense products, which accounted for over half of the insurance issued through September 30, 2024. The Life Insurance segment also benefited from sales of our international whole life product, which accounted for 68% of total insurance issued internationally in this segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Previous report

Total revenues increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the prior year periods, due to significantly higher first year life insurance premiums, investment related gains and higher other income in the nine month period due to supplemental contract revenue.

Previous report

The Company stopped accepting premiums for property insurance at the end of May 2023 and ceased these operations on June 30, 2023. Therefore, the table below shows a summary of our life and A&H premiums for the periods indicated.

Previous report

Premium Income. Direct premiums increased 5% and 6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2023 due to strong first year premium growth in our Life Insurance segment. Renewal premiums decreased in both periods due to the high level of surrenders and matured endowments in the prior year, which negatively affect renewal premiums in the current periods.

Previous report

Reinsurance ceded premiums increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023 due to our new coinsurance agreement with RGA entered in the second quarter of 2024 related to our CICA Domestic business.

Previous report

Due to insurance regulations, fixed maturity securities constitute the vast majority (or 88%) of our investment portfolio based on fair value and thus provide the vast majority of our investment income. Our total investment income increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023, primarily due to a higher average portfolio yield on our fixed maturity securities in the current period.

Previous report

Death claim benefits are being impacted by the increase in policies issued over the past few years and an increase in volume of claims reported in our Home Service Insurance segment.

Previous report

Surrender benefits decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023. Surrenders are primarily related to international policies that have passed their surrender charge period. We have implemented retention initiatives over the past few years, which we believe are helping to decrease surrenders.

Previous report

Matured endowment benefits increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023. We anticipated this increase based upon the contractual maturity dates of the policies.

Previous report

LIFE INSURANCE

Previous report

same prior year periods. Our higher revenues were offset by increases in reserves, higher policyholder liability remeasurement loss and higher general expenses supporting our CICA Domestic growth.

Previous report

Premiums. Our total premiums increased by 3% and 6% in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, as compared to the same periods in 2023 due to the 62% and 78% increase, net of reinsurance, respectively, in first year premiums. First year premiums rose significantly due to sales of our new products and expanded domestic distribution. Renewal premiums decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same prior year periods. As described above, this decline is due to high surrenders and matured endowments over the last several years.

Previous report

The increase in reinsurance ceded premiums in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same periods in 2023, is due to our new coinsurance agreement with RGA entered in the second quarter of 2024 related to our CICA Domestic business.

Previous report

Policyholder Liability Remeasurement (Gain) Loss. The third quarter update to mortality and lapse assumptions for CICA Domestic negatively affected our policyholder liability remeasurement loss. This was partially offset by better than expected surrender experience in our international business.

Previous report

HOME SERVICE INSURANCE

Previous report

Other General Expenses. General expenses decreased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023, primarily due to ceasing our property insurance business as discussed above.

Previous report

September 30, 2024 | 10-Q 56

Previous report

September 30, 2024 | 10-Q 57
Reworded paragraphs (69)

Previous wording

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including the Company, that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that the Company files with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. We also make available, free of charge, through our website (http://www.citizensinc.com), our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 Reports filed by officers and directors, news releases, and, if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish such reports to, the SEC. We are not including any of the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Form 10-Q.

Current wording

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including the Company, that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain any documents that the Company files with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. We also make available, free of charge, through our website (http://www.citizensinc.com), our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Section 16 Reports filed by officers and directors, news releases, and, if applicable, amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish such reports to, the SEC. We are not including any of the information contained on our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Form 10-Q.

Previous wording

We refer to our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as our “MD&A”. The objective of our MD&A is to provide investors with information in order to assess the material changes in our financial condition from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024 and the material changes in our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same periods in 2023. We also discuss in the MD&A any trends that we believe may materially affect our future operations or financial condition.

Current wording

We refer to our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as our “MD&A”. The objective of our MD&A is to provide investors with information in order to assess the material changes in our financial condition from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025 and the material changes in our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024. We also discuss in the MD&A any trends that we believe may materially affect our future operations or financial condition.

Previous wording

For 55 years, we have been fulfilling the needs of our policyholders and their families by providing insurance products that offer both living and death benefits. Citizens conducts insurance related operations through its insurance subsidiaries, which provide benefits to policyholders globally. We specialize in offering primarily ordinary whole life insurance, endowment products and final expense insurance in niche markets where we believe we can optimize our competitive position.

Current wording

For over 55 years, Citizens has been fulfilling the needs of our policyholders and their families by providing insurance products that offer both living and death benefits. We conduct insurance related operations through our insurance subsidiaries, which provide benefits to policyholders and their beneficiaries globally. We specialize in offering primarily individual whole life insurance, endowment products and final expense insurance in niche markets where we believe we can optimize our competitive position.

Previous wording

From time-to-time, certain events may affect our business in ways that cause current or future results to differ from past results. See Part II, Item 7 - "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Events that Impacted Our Business" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023 for a discussion of certain events that have impacted and continue to impact our business, including inflation and market volatility, high interest rates and ceasing operations of our property insurance business. Seealso Part I, Item 1, Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies, as well as Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings - Trade Secret Lawsuit for a discussion of the trade secret lawsuit, which has impacted our results of operations and could negatively impact our cash if we do not succeed in our appeal.

Current wording

From time-to-time, certain events may affect our business in ways that cause current or future results to differ from past results. In addition to (1) the factors described in Part 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2024 ("2024 Form 10-K"), as updated by Part II. Item 1A. herein; and (2) the events described in Part 1. Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Events that Impacted Our Business" in the 2024 Form 10-K; the following events impacted our results of operations or financial condition.

Previous wording

In our Home Service Insurance segment, we reported a loss before federal income tax of $0.1 million and income of $2.0 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, as compared to loss of $0.4 million and income of $1.5 million in the prior year periods. The higher income is primarily driven by a decrease in other general expenses and partially due to ceasing our property insurance operations as of June 30, 2023, which also impacted premium revenue, somewhat offset by higher death claims.

Previous wording

We believe premium statistics are meaningful to gaining an understanding of, among other things, the attractiveness of our new products, how expansion of our distribution channels affects our revenue, customer retention and the performance of our business from period-to-period. Throughout the MD&A, we describe the actions and initiatives we are taking to increase sales and improve retention, sales performance in each period and as compared to the prior periods, and how we view trends with respect to sales and retention.

Current wording

Sales of Our Products. We believe sales statistics are meaningful to gain an understanding of, among other things, the attractiveness of our products, how expansion of our distribution channels affects our revenue, customer retention and the performance of our business from period-to-period. Throughout the MD&A, we describe the actions and initiatives we are taking to increase sales and improve retention, sales performance in each period and as compared to prior year period, and how we view trends with respect to sales and retention.

Previous wording

Over the last couple of years, we began our "white label" program to expand our distribution by expanding CICA Domestic's state licenses, developing new final expense and living benefit products, and filing these new products in multiple states. As a result, in the past year, we have significantly expanded our domestic distribution in the Life Insurance segment and first year premiums have almost doubled in this segment quarter-over-quarter and year-to-date as compared to 2023. We incur significant upfront costs in acquiring new business such as this, including the payment of sales commissions and underwriting costs, and thus in order to provide more capacity for growth, in the second quarter of 2024, we entered into a coinsurance agreement with RGA Reinsurance Company ("RGA"). Under this agreement, CICA Domestic initially elected for RGA to reinsure 50% of its newly written final expense business, which means that we cede 50% of premiums received and benefits paid in our domestic final expense business to RGA. We refer to "direct" premiums as all premiums received and "net" or "total" premiums as all premiums received less premiums ceded to RGA and our other reinsurers.

Current wording

Throughout the MD&A, we refer to "direct" premiums as all premiums received and "net" or "total" premiums as all premiums received less premiums ceded to RGA Reinsurance Company ("RGA") and our other reinsurers. Direct premium revenue increased 8% in the three months ended March 31, 2025, to $42.4 million from $39.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Previous wording

First Year Premiums. In addition to increased first year premiums due to our domestic growth discussed above, first year premiums in our international business have increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023 as we continue to work with our distribution partners to expand sales.

Current wording

First Year Premiums. Direct first year premiums increased 49%, to $8.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $5.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024, including 66% growth in our Life Insurance segment, driven by sales of our newer products and an increased number of producing agents. First year premium growth was primarily in our new domestic final expense business, but first year premiums in our international business also increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024 as we continue to work with our distribution partners to expand sales.

Previous wording

Investment Income. Our net investment income increased for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same prior year periods, due primarily to investment income from our limited partnership investments and a growing diversified invested asset base.

Current wording

Investment Income. Our net investment income decreased slightly for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same prior year period, due primarily to lower investment income from our limited partnership investments.

Previous wording

Claims and Surrenders. Payment of policyholder benefits for claims and surrenders is our largest expense and thus also key to our profitability. The three largest components of this expense are reflected in the graphs below. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year periods,

Current wording

Claims and Surrenders. Payment of policyholder benefits for claims and surrenders is our largest expense and thus key to our profitability. The three largest components of this expense are reflected in the graphs below. In the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the prior year period,

Previous wording

Actuarial Assumptions. The actuarial assumptions that underlie our reserves are based upon our best estimates of mortality, lapses and discount rates. Our results will be affected to the extent there is a variance between our actuarial assumptions and actual experience.

Current wording

Actuarial Assumptions. The actuarial assumptions that underlie our reserves are based upon our best estimates of certain factors such as mortality, lapses, morbidity and discount rates. Our results will be affected to the extent there is a variance between our actuarial assumptions and actual experience.

Previous wording

As discussed above, our domestic growth in the Life Insurance segment has been significantly expanded. Our current profitability is affected by the amount of reserves we have to hold for this new business, and how closely actual experience matches our actuarial assumptions. The actuarial assumptions that underlie our reserves are

Current wording

We expect to see a rebalancing in our mix of business arising due to the anticipated volume of maturities in our international endowment business, as well as continued domestic growth in the Life Insurance segment, which has been discussed previously. Our current profitability is affected by how closely actual experience matches our actuarial assumptions for these shifts, and by the amount of reserves we must hold.

Previous wording

Our insurance operations are the primary focus of the Company, as these operations generate most of our income. See the discussion under Segment Operations below for a detailed analysis. The amount of direct insurance, number of policies, and average face amounts for ordinary life policies issued during the periods indicated are shown below.

Current wording

Our insurance operations are the primary focus of the Company, as these operations generate most of our income. See the discussion under Segment Operations below for a detailed analysis. The amount of direct

Previous wording

As we previously disclosed, our strategic initiatives include the introduction of new products tailored to our specific markets and expansion of our distribution channels both domestically and internationally. These new products and distribution channels helped drive the 74% increase in total insurance issued in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the prior year period.

Current wording

In the first three months of 2025, we issued $255 million in new insurance as we continued to grow our business with our newer products tailored to our specific markets and expansion of our distribution channels both domestically and internationally.

Previous wording

Insurance issued in our Home Service Insurance segment decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period largely due to strategic actions intended to improve sales quality and persistency, which led to a decrease in our agent sales force as we focus on these improvements. We also believe the impact of inflation on the cost of living has affected new sales since the customer demographic is primarily middle- and lower-income individuals.

Current wording

Insurance issued in our Home Service Insurance segment decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the prior year period largely due to strategic actions intended to improve sales quality and persistency, which led to a decrease in our agent sales force as we focus on these improvements. These improvements did result in higher insurance issued from the fourth quarter of 2024. We also believe the impact of inflation on the cost of living, and more recently the impact of tariffs on prices, has affected new sales since the customer demographic is primarily lower-income individuals.

Previous wording

Our revenues are generated primarily by insurance renewal premiums and investment income from invested assets.

Current wording

Our revenues are generated primarily by life insurance premiums and investment income from invested assets.

Previous wording

Investment Related Gains (Losses), Net. We recorded investment related gains of $0.8 million and $1.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to investment related losses of $0.9 million and $0.5 million during the same prior year periods. The gains and losses are primarily related to the fair value change of our limited partnership and equity security investments, mostly in our Life Insurance segment, due to the volatility in equity markets over the past year. We did not sell these investments; however, the changes in fair values of our equity securities are reflected as investment related gains or losses in our income statement, in addition to executed transactions that result in a gain or loss.

Current wording

Investment Related Gains (Losses), Net. We recorded investment related losses of $2.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to investment related gains of $1.0 million during the same prior year period. The gains and losses are primarily related to the non-cash write-down of our Blackrock ESG investment. We did not sell this investment; however, the changes in fair values of our equity securities are reflected as investment related gains or losses in our income statement, in addition to executed transactions that result in a gain or loss.

Previous wording

Payments of claims and surrenders benefits constitute the majority of our expenses. Total benefits and expenses increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to same periods in 2023 driven primarily by the costs related to our new CICA domestic business, as described above as well as a higher volume of reported claims in our Home Services Insurance segment. The $3.5 million accrual of legal fees awarded to the defendants in the trade secret lawsuit, reflected in other general expenses, also contributed to the increase in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Current wording

Payments of claims and surrenders benefits and other general expenses constitute the majority of our expenses.

Previous wording

Increase (Decrease) in Future Policy Benefit Reserves. Future policy benefit reserves reflect the liability established to provide for the payment of policy benefits that we expect to pay in the future and thus generally increase when we have a larger in force block of business due to higher sales and better persistency (i.e., more policies on which we expect to pay future benefits) and decrease when we have lower sales and persistency. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the change in future policy benefit reserves increased due to the amount of reserves on new insurance issued and the in force book of business somewhat offset by released reserves in connection with higher matured endowments.

Current wording

increase when we have a larger in force block of business due to higher sales and better persistency (i.e., more policies on which we expect to pay future benefits) and decrease when we have lower sales and persistency. In the three months ended March 31, 2025, the change in future policy benefit reserves decreased as compared to the prior year period due to the amount of reserves released in connection with the high level of matured endowments.

Previous wording

Policyholder Liability Remeasurement (Gain) Loss. Most of our products are long-duration contracts that provide a specified, fixed amount of insurance benefit in exchange for a fixed premium. When a policy is initially issued, we establish a "net premium ratio" ("NPR") using assumptions regarding expected premiums and policyholder benefit liabilities. On a quarterly basis, we review actual versus expected experience in such quarter, which is reported as a policyholder liability remeasurement gain (if better performance than assumptions) or loss (if lower performance than assumptions). Additionally, in the third quarter of each year, we update our cash flow assumptions to recalculate the NPR, with the impact on the liability for future policy benefits recognized as a policyholder liability remeasurement on a retrospective catch-up basis. In 2024, remeasurement (gain) loss was negatively affected by updates to mortality and lapse assumptions that better reflect emerging experience for the new CICA Domestic block of business.

Current wording

Policyholder Liability Remeasurement (Gain) Loss. Most of our products are long-duration contracts that provide a specified, fixed amount of insurance benefit in exchange for a fixed premium. When a policy is initially issued, we establish a "net premium ratio" ("NPR") using assumptions regarding expected premiums and policyholder benefit liabilities. On a quarterly basis, we review actual versus expected experience in such quarter, which is reported as a policyholder liability remeasurement gain (if better performance than assumptions) or loss (if lower performance than assumptions).

Previous wording

Commissions. Commission expenses are a cost of acquiring business, as commissions are the primary compensation paid to our independent consultants and independent agents for selling our products. First year commission rates are higher than renewal commission rates and thus commissions fluctuate directly in relation to first year sales. The increases in first year sales in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 led to an increase in commission related expenses in both periods as compared to the prior year periods.

Current wording

Commissions. Commission expenses are a cost of acquiring business, as commissions are the primary compensation paid to our independent consultants and independent agents for selling our products. First year commission rates are higher than renewal commission rates and thus commissions fluctuate directly in relation to first year sales. The increase in first year sales in the three months ended March 31, 2025 led to an increase in commission related expenses as compared to the prior year period.

Previous wording

Capitalization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs. We capitalize costs related to successful sales of our insurance products, which include certain commissions, policy issuance costs, and underwriting and agency expenses. These costs vary based upon amounts of premiums received related to new and renewal business. Capitalized DAC increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, which is in line with the increases in new sales activity. Significantly lower amounts are capitalized related to renewal business in correlation with the lower commissions paid on that business compared to first year business, which has higher commission rates.

Current wording

Capitalization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs ("DAC"). We capitalize costs related to successful sales of our insurance products, which include certain commissions, policy issuance costs, and underwriting and agency expenses. These costs vary based upon amounts of premiums received related to new and renewal business. Capitalized DAC increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025, which is in line with the increases in new sales activity. Significantly lower amounts are capitalized related to renewal business in correlation with the lower commissions paid on that business compared to first year business, which has higher commission rates.

Previous wording

Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs. Amortization of DAC increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same periods in 2023. DAC is amortized on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contracts to approximate straight-line amortization.

Current wording

Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs. Amortization of DAC increased in the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024. DAC is amortized on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contracts to approximate straight-line amortization.

Previous wording

We operate in two business segments:

Current wording

We operate in two business segments: Life Insurance and Home Service Insurance.

Previous wording

These segments are reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The Company evaluates profit and loss performance based on net income before federal income taxes for these segments. The Company's Other Non-Insurance Enterprises include non-insurance operations such as IT and corporate-support functions, which are included in the table presented below to properly reconcile the segment information with the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Current wording

These segments are reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The Company evaluates profit and loss performance based on U.S. GAAP net income (loss) before federal income taxes for these segments. The Company's Other Non-Insurance Enterprises include non-insurance operations such as IT and corporate-support functions, which are included in the table presented below to properly reconcile the segment information with the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Previous wording

In our Life Insurance segment, income before federal income tax was $4.4 million and $17.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $6.6 million and $20.4 million during the

Current wording

In our Life Insurance segment, income before federal income tax was $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, respectively, compared to $5.8 million during the same prior year period primarily from a $3.8

Previous wording

While our domestic life insurance business drove the significant increase in first year premiums, life insurance premiums are generated largely from our international policyholders living in 80 different countries across the globe. The following table sets forth our premiums by location for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Current wording

While our domestic life insurance business drove the significant increase in first year premiums, life insurance premiums are generated largely from our international policyholders living in almost 80 different countries across the globe. The following table sets forth our premiums by location for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Previous wording

Investment Related Gains (Losses), Net. We recorded investment related gains of $0.9 million and $1.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to investment related losses of $0.4 million and $0.1 million during the same prior year periods, resulting primarily from the change in estimated fair market value of our limited partnership investments.

Current wording

Investment Related Gains (Losses), Net. We recorded investment related losses of $2.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to investment related gains of $1.1 million during the same prior year period, resulting primarily from the change in estimated fair market value of the ESG Blackrock investment.

Previous wording

Claims and Surrenders. The following table sets forth our primary claims and surrender benefits paid within our Life Insurance segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023.

Current wording

Claims and Surrenders. The following table sets forth our primary claims and surrender benefits paid within our Life Insurance segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

Previous wording

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the majority of our claims and surrender benefits in our Life Insurance segment were related to payment of surrender benefits and matured endowment benefits. Many of our endowment policies are reaching their contractual maturity dates and thus matured endowment benefits are increasing. We expect this trend to continue over the next few years. Surrender benefits decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the prior year periods which we believe is due to our retention efforts. Death claim benefits increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to the prior year period as we saw a higher number of reported claims due to the increase in policies issued, primarily in our new domestic business. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and fluctuates from quarter-to-quarter based on reported claims.

Current wording

The majority of our claims and surrender benefits in our Life Insurance segment were related to payment of surrender benefits and matured endowment benefits. Many of our endowment policies are reaching their contractual maturity dates and thus matured endowment benefits are increasing in 2025 as compared to 2024. We expect elevated trends to continue over the next few years but at a reduced level when compared to 2025. Death claim benefits decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the prior year period due to a combination of lower volume and our coinsurance agreement with RGA alleviating some of our liability to pay these claims. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and these amounts were within expected levels.

Previous wording

Increase (Decrease) in Future Policy Benefit Reserves. The change in future policy benefit reserves for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was the result of reserves released due to surrenders and higher matured endowment benefits. These releases were partially offset by increases in reserves due to insurance issued and normal increases in our in force block of business policy benefit reserves.

Current wording

Increase (Decrease) in Future Policy Benefit Reserves. The change in future policy benefit reserves for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was the result of reserves released due to surrenders and higher matured endowment benefits. These releases were partially offset by increases in reserves due to new insurance issued and the reserves that increase on our in force block of business nearing maturity.

Previous wording

Home Service Insurance segment life and A&H premium breakout is detailed below.

Current wording

Premiums. Home Service Insurance segment life and A&H premium breakout is detailed below.

Previous wording

Premiums. Our life and A&H premiums declined in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods. The decrease is largely due to strategic actions intended to improve sales quality and persistency, which actions led to a decrease in our agent sales force as we focus on these improvements. Additionally, we believe external economic pressures, such as inflation, have impacted revenue in this segment disproportionately.

Current wording

Our life and A&H premiums declined slightly in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same prior year period. The decrease is largely due to strategic actions intended to improve sales quality and persistency, which actions led to a decrease in our agent sales force as we focus on these improvements. Additionally, we believe external economic pressures, such as inflation, have impacted revenue in this segment disproportionately.

Previous wording

The majority of claims and surrender benefits in our Home Service Insurance segment are death claim benefits. Death claim benefits increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same prior year periods due to higher volume of reported claims. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and fluctuates from quarter-to-quarter based on reported claims.

Current wording

The majority of claims and surrender benefits in our Home Service Insurance segment are death claim benefits. Death claim benefits decreased slightly in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same prior year period due to lower volume of reported claims. Mortality experience is closely monitored by the Company as a key performance indicator and fluctuates from quarter-to-quarter based on reported claims.

Previous wording

This operating unit represents the administrative support functions for the insurance operations. Its revenues are primarily intercompany and have been eliminated in consolidation under U.S. GAAP, which typically results in a loss. Revenue in this operating unit consists primarily of net investment income and investment related gains or losses, while expenses consist of other general expenses related to corporate functions. The primary reason for the increased loss before federal income tax in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 is the legal accrual described above.

Current wording

This operating unit represents the administrative support functions for the insurance operations. Its revenues are primarily intercompany and have been eliminated in consolidation under U.S. GAAP, which typically results in a loss. Revenue in this operating unit consists primarily of net investment income and investment related gains or losses, while expenses consist of other general expenses related to corporate functions. The primary reason for the increased loss before federal income tax in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 is higher other general expenses, including costs incurred related to our equity incentive compensation program due to additional participants as well as an increased stock price, which increases our expense taken upon vesting of prior year grants.

Previous wording

Our investments are an integral part of our business success. Our cash and invested assets at September 30, 2024 were $1.5 billion, of which 86% was invested in fixed maturity securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale. We closely monitor the duration of our fixed maturity investments, and investment purchases and sales are executed with the objective of having adequate funds available to satisfy our insurance obligations.

Current wording

Our investments are an integral part of our business success, as we invest the majority of premiums collected to pay for future benefits and rely on net investment income of our ongoing operations. Our cash and invested assets at March 31, 2025 were $1.4 billion, of which 87% was invested in fixed maturity securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale. We closely monitor the duration of our fixed maturity investments, and investment purchases and sales are executed with the objective of having adequate funds available to satisfy our insurance obligations.

Previous wording

The following table sets forth the carrying value of our investments by investment category and cash, cash equivalents and the percentage of each to total cash and invested assets.

Current wording

The following table sets forth the carrying value of our investments by investment category and cash, cash equivalents and the percentage of each to total cash, cash equivalents and invested assets.

Previous wording

(1)Includes $119.6 million and $124.2 million of securities guaranteed by third parties at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Current wording

(1)Includes $113.8 million and $113.4 million of securities guaranteed by third parties at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Showing the first 40 of 69 pairs. Open the source sections for the rest.

Rearranged current paragraphs (6)

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

insurance, number of policies, and average face amounts for life policies issued during the periods indicated are shown below.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Increase (Decrease) in Future Policy Benefit Reserves. Future policy benefit reserves reflect the liability established to provide for the payment of policy benefits that we expect to pay in the future and thus generally

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

expenses, invest in our business or make strategic acquisitions. Cash provided by operating activities was $0.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

low-cost collateralized borrowings and funding agreements. While not the only source of additional liquidity, the FHLB could provide the insurance subsidiaries with an additional source of liquidity, if needed.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

Death Claims. Our product pricing assumes a certain mortality rate and thus a primary liquidity concern is the risk of higher than expected mortality experience. Our death benefit payments decreased in the three ended March 31, 2025.

Current report — wording carried from elsewhere

2024 and elected to cede 50% of our final expense business to RGA, which alleviates some of the expense strain. We may also seek other options, such as loans at the holding company level (from the Credit Facility or otherwise) that would allow us to reduce the liquidity risk should CICA Domestic's required commission payments exceed current resources.