Primo Brands Corp

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1—DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS

Primo Brands Corporation ("Primo Brands", or the "Company") is a leading North American branded beverage company with a focus on healthy hydration, delivering responsibly and domestically sourced diversified offerings across products, formats, channels, price points and consumer occasions, distributed in every state and Canada.

On November 8, 2024, Primo Brands consummated the sequential mergers and transactions contemplated by the Arrangement Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 16, 2024, as amended by that certain Amendment No. 1 thereto dated October 1, 2024 (the document, as amended, the “Arrangement Agreement”, and the aggregation of these activities are henceforth referred to as the "Transaction") in which Primo Brands became the surviving corporation, and Primo Water Corporation ("Primo Water") and Triton Water Parent, Inc. ("BlueTriton") became wholly-owned subsidiaries of Primo Brands. Immediately following the completion of the Transaction, former Primo Water stockholders and Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP, the prior stockholder of BlueTriton and its affiliates (the "Sponsor Stockholder") owned approximately 43% and 57% of the Fully Diluted Shares, respectively.

We have an extensive portfolio of highly recognizable, responsibly sourced and conveniently packaged branded beverages distributed across more than 200,000 retail outlets, including established billion-dollar brands, Poland Spring® and Pure Life®, premium brands like Saratoga® and Mountain Valley®, regional leaders such as Arrowhead®, Deer Park®, Ice Mountain®, Ozarka®, and Zephyrhills®, purified brands including Primo Water TM and Sparkletts®, and flavored and enhanced brands like AC+ION® and Splash Refresher TM. These brands are sold directly across retail channels, including mass food, convenience, natural, drug, wholesale, distributors and home improvement, as well as food service accounts in North America. We also have extensive direct-to-consumer offerings with our industry-leading line-up of innovative water dispensers, which create customer and consumer connectivity through recurring water purchases across its Water Direct, Water Exchange and Water Refill businesses. Through our Water Direct business, we deliver sustainable hydration solutions direct to home and business customers. Through our Water Exchange business, consumers can visit approximately 26,500 retail locations and purchase a pre-filled, multi-use bottle of water that can be exchanged after use for a discount on the next purchase. Through our Water Refill business, consumers have the option to refill empty multi-use bottles at approximately 23,500 self-service refill stations. We also offer water filtration units for home and business consumers across North America.

NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in U.S. dollars, which represent the Company’s reporting currency. Unless otherwise noted, dollars are in millions.

Basis of Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company applies the equity method of accounting for investments in which the Company is able to exercise significant influence and applies the cost method for investments in which the Company does not have significant influence and do not have readily determinable fair values. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the 2024 presentation.

Discontinued Operations

Prior to the Transaction, Primo Water divested a portion of its European business and, upon completion of the Transaction, its remaining international businesses including Decantae Mineral Water Limited, Fonthill Waters Ltd, and portions of the Eden Springs Netherlands B.V. business located in Israel and the United Kingdom (collectively the "Remaining International Businesses") are presented herein as discontinued operations in accordance with U.S. GAAP. On November 25, 2024, the Company sold its interests in the Decantae Mineral Water Limited and Fonthill Waters Limited businesses.

For the periods subsequent to the Transaction, the operating results associated with the Remaining International Businesses have been reclassified into net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the assets and liabilities associated with the Remaining International Businesses have been reflected as current and long-term assets and liabilities held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Cash flows from the Company’s discontinued operations are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Notes to Consolidated

Financial Statements are presented on a continuing operations basis unless otherwise noted. See Note 4. "Discontinued Operations" for additional information on discontinued operations.

Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiary, where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated using exchange rates in effect at the end of the year for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during the year for results of operations. The resulting foreign currency translation adjustment is included in stockholders' equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in other operating expense, net and were insignificant for all periods presented.

Estimates

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date and the amounts of revenues and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Such estimates include those related to sales incentives recorded against revenue, valuation of assets and liabilities in connection with acquisitions, collectability of trade receivables, self-insurance reserves, inventory obsolescence expense, realizability of income taxes, useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, fair value of reporting units in connection with the annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset assessments and the incremental borrowing rate related to lease obligations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s principal source of revenue is bottled water sales to customers primarily in the United States. Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods (the obligation), which may be upon shipment of goods or upon delivery to the customer as defined in the customer contract or purchase order. Revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods. Amounts collected from customers for sales taxes are excluded from the transaction price. The Company measures revenue based on the consideration specified in the customer arrangement, and revenue is recognized when the performance obligations in the customer arrangement are satisfied. A performance obligation is a contractual promise to transfer a distinct good to the customer. The transaction price of a contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when the customer receives the benefit of the performance obligation (the Company has only one obligation).

The nature of the Company’s contracts give rise to variable consideration including volume-based rebates, growth incentives, point of sale promotions, and other trade promotional discounts (sales incentives). For certain sales incentives, the accrual recorded by the Company for the rebate or discount that will be granted to the customer, requires significant estimation. The critical assumptions used in estimating the sales incentive accruals include the Company’s estimate of expected levels of performance and redemption rates, which requires judgment. These assumptions are developed based upon the historical performance of the customer's participation with similar types of promotions adjusted for current trends. These estimated sales incentives are included in the transaction price of the Company’s contracts with customers as a reduction within net sales and are included as either a reduction in accounts receivable if the customer is entitled to take a deduction on their payment, or as accrued sales incentives in accruals and other current liabilities if the Company anticipates needing to pay the customer.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, estimated discounts reflected in Trade receivables, net of allowance for expected credit losses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets were $61.8 million and $84.6 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, accrued sales incentive obligations reflected in Accruals and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets were $39.8 million and $45.5 million, respectively.

Shipping and Warehousing Costs

Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are recorded as revenue. Shipping expenses related to costs incurred to deliver products and warehousing costs are recognized within Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Marketing, including Advertising Costs

Marketing costs, including advertising, are expensed as incurred and are recognized as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company expensed marketing, including advertising costs, of $218.5 million, $197.7 million, and $227.0 million, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has equity incentive plans under which time-based restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance-based RSUs, non-qualified stock options, and director stock awards have been granted (as such terms are defined in Note 15 "Stock-Based Compensation"). Additionally, certain employees of BlueTriton were granted Class B units in Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP as profit interest units ("PIUs"), which consisted of a combination of time-based PIUs (approximately 1/2 of the PIUs) and performance-based PIUs (approximately 1/2 of the PIUs).

Stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards is based on the grant-date fair value of the awards. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for time-based awards and certain performance-based awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting term oftwo tothree years. For performance-based PIUs where vesting is contingent upon the satisfaction of both a service condition and a performance condition, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the respective requisite service period of the award only when achievement of the performance condition is considered probable. The Company accounts for forfeitures of stock-based compensation awards as they occur.

The fair value of the Company’s Time-based RSUs, certain Performance-based RSUs, and director stock awards are based on the closing market price of its Class A common stock on the date of grant as stated on the NYSE. The fair value of non-qualified stock options and PIUs is determined as of the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model considers, among other factors, the expected life of the award, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock price, and expected dividends.

The Company records stock-based compensation expense in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

All excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to stock-based compensation are recognized in results of operations at settlement or expiration of the award. The excess tax benefit or deficiency is calculated as the difference between the grant date price and the price of our Class A common stock on the vesting or exercise date.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts ("foreign exchange contracts") to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal balance of the €450.0 million 3.875% senior notes due October 31, 2028. Foreign exchange forward contracts are agreements to buy or sell a quantity of a currency at a predetermined future date, and at a predetermined rate or price. All derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company excludes forward points from its assessment of hedge effectiveness and amortizes them on a straight-line basis over the life of the derivative financial instruments in Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The difference between fair value changes of the excluded component and the amount amortized to Other operating expense, net is recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI") on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company manages credit risk related to the derivative financial instruments by requiring high credit standards for its counterparties. Refer to Note 19. "Hedging Transactions and Derivative Financial Instruments" for further information on the Company's derivative financial instruments.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash include all highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase. The fair values of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash approximate the amounts shown on the Consolidated Balance Sheets due to their short-term nature.

Trade Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses

All trade receivables are uncollected amounts owed to the Company from transactions with its customers. Trade receivables represent amounts billed to customers which are recorded at invoiced amounts, net of trade allowances and discounts. These balances do not bear interest, and are presented net of allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is the Company’s estimate of current expected credit losses on its existing accounts receivable and is determined based on historical customer assessments, current financial conditions, and assessments of expected outcomes. Accounts receivables are written-off when the Company has exhausted all collection efforts and determines the receivable will not be recovered.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and trade receivables. The Company’s cash accounts in a financial institution may at times exceed the $250,000 insurance provided by the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for credit losses. The Company has historically not experienced any significant losses related to the collection of its trade receivables.

As of, and for the year ended, December 31, 2024 there was one customer who made up approximately 20% of Trade receivables, net of expected credit losses and 24% of Net sales. As of, and for the year ended, December 31, 2023, there was one customer who made up approximately 30% of Trade receivables, net of allowance for expected credit losses and 25% of Net sales. As of, and for the year ended, December 31, 2022 there was one customer who made up approximately 25% of both Trade receivables, net of expected credit losses and Net sales.

Inventories

All inventories are valued at the lower of cost calculated using the average cost method or net realizable value. Finished goods and semi-finished goods include the inventory costs of raw materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs. The Company adjusts inventory costs down to a net realizable value and to reserve for estimated obsolescence of both raw materials and finished goods. Factors influencing these adjustments include the aging of inventories on hand, along with a comparison to estimated future usage, sales and related sales price.

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment, net are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over an asset’s estimated useful life as follows:

Construction in progress is not depreciated until the individual asset is ready for service.

Maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expense when incurred; additions and improvements that expand the functionality or increase the useful life of the asset are capitalized.

Internal-Use Software

Internal-use software is software acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet the Company's internal needs, and during the software's development, no substantive plan exists to sell the software. The accounting treatment for computer software developed for internal use depends on the nature of activities performed at each stage of development. The preliminary project stage includes conceptual formulation of design alternatives, determination of system requirements, vendor demonstrations, and final selection of vendors, and during this stage costs are expensed as incurred. The application development stage includes software configuration, coding, hardware installation, and testing. During this stage, certain costs are capitalized, including external direct costs of materials and services, as well as payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with the project, while certain costs are expensed as incurred, including training and data conversion costs. The post-implementation stage includes support and maintenance, and during this stage costs are expensed as incurred. Capitalized internal-use software costs are recorded within intangible assets, net and are not amortized until the individual asset is ready for use. Amortization of capitalized costs is recorded on a straight-line basis over an asset’s estimated useful life, which generally ranges from three tofive years.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment, right-of-use ("RoU") assets and definite-lived intangible assets. The Company reviews the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group when there is an indication of impairment. Impairment indicators include a significant decrease in the market price, a significant adverse change in the manner in which an asset or asset group is being used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an accumulation of costs in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or development of an asset or asset group, a current period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of an asset or asset group, and/or a current expectation that, more likely than not, an asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life.

If indicators are present, the Company will perform a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the asset or asset group in question to the carrying amounts. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the test for recoverability are less than the asset or asset group’s carrying amount, the Company will determine the fair value of the asset or asset group based on resale value and recognize an impairment loss if the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

Leases

The Company has operating and finance leases for office and warehouse space, vehicles, furniture, machinery and equipment, and tools. At inception of a contract, the Company determines whether that contract is or contains a lease by assessing whether there is an identified asset and whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company has control of the asset if it has the right to direct the use of the asset and obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset throughout the period of use.

As a practical expedient, the Company does not recognize a RoU asset or lease obligation for leases with a lease term of 12 months or less.

In the determination of the lease term, the Company considers the existence of extension or termination options and the probability of those options being exercised.

Lease contracts may include lease components and non-lease components, such as common area maintenance and utilities for property leases. The Company has elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components.

The Company classifies a lease as a finance lease when it meets any of the following criteria at the lease commencement date: (1) the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Company by the end of the lease term; (2) the lease grants the Company an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise; (3) the lease term is for the major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset; (4) the present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guaranteed by the Company equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset; or (5) the underlying asset is of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term. When none of the criteria above are met, the Company classifies the lease as an operating lease.

On the lease commencement date, the Company records a RoU asset and lease obligation on the balance sheet for each lease arrangement that has an original lease term of more than 12 months. The RoU asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term while the lease obligation represents the commitment to make lease payments arising from the lease. The RoU asset consists of: 1) the amount of the initial lease obligation; 2) any lease payments made to the lessor at or before the lease commencement date, minus any lease incentives received; and 3) any initial direct cost incurred by the Company. Initial direct costs are incremental costs of a lease that would not have been incurred if the lease had not been obtained and are capitalized as part of the RoU asset. The lease obligation equals the present value of the future cash payments discounted using the rate implicit in the lease whenever that rate is readily determinable. If the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest specific to the U.S. treasury rate that aligns with the applicable lease term plus a credit spread associated with the Company's credit rating. Lease payments can include fixed payments, variable payments that depend on an index or rate known at the commencement date, and extension option payments or purchase options which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise.

Operating lease expense equals the total cash payments recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The amortization of the RoU asset is calculated as the straight-line lease expense as adjusted by the accretion of the interest on the lease obligation each period. The lease obligation is reduced by the cash payment less the interest each period.

Sale-and-leaseback transactions occur when the Company sells assets to a third-party and subsequently leases them back. If the transaction qualifies as a sale, the resulting leases are evaluated and accounted for as an operating lease. A transaction that does not qualify for sale-and-leaseback accounting as a result of finance lease classification or the failure to meet certain sale recognition criteria is accounted for as a financing transaction.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company classifies intangible assets into three categories: (1) goodwill, (2) intangible assets with indefinite lives not subject to amortization and (3) intangible assets with definite lives subject to amortization.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired entity over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination.

The Company determines the useful lives of identifiable intangible assets after considering the specific facts and circumstances related to each intangible asset. Factors considered when determining useful lives include the contractual term of any agreement related to the asset, the historical performance of the asset, the Company’s long-term strategy for using the asset, any laws or other local regulations which could impact the useful life of the asset, and other economic factors, including competition and specific market conditions. Intangible assets that are deemed to have definite lives are amortized.

For financial reporting purposes, amortization expense is computed on a straight-line basis over an asset’s useful life as follows:

The Company’s intangible assets with indefinite lives relate to trademarks and trade names acquired. There are no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic, or other factors that limit the useful life of these intangible assets.

Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, and as a result, impairment tests must be performed at least annually, or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that an asset may be impaired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment at the asset level. In performing the goodwill impairment test the Company may first perform a qualitative assessment or bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to performing the quantitative impairment test. Factors considered include macroeconomic, industry and market conditions, cost factors that would have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, legal and regulatory environment, historical financial performance and significant changes in the Company’s operations or brand. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, then a quantitative assessment is performed. In the quantitative assessment for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, an assessment is performed to determine the fair value of the reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible asset, respectively. The Company uses either the income approach or in some cases a combination of income and market-based approaches, to determine the fair value of the Company's assets, as well as an overall comparison to enterprise value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit or intangible asset exceeds the estimated fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually, in the fourth quarter, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. The Company performed a qualitative assessment during the year ended December 31, 2024 and determined that the fair values of its reporting units and intangible assets with indefinite lives were not less than recorded carrying values, and therefore no impairment exists. The goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives resulting from the Transaction will be tested for impairment beginning in 2025 due to the proximity of the acquisition to year end.

Each year during the fourth quarter, we re-evaluate the assumptions used in our assessments, such as revenue growth rates, SG&A expenses, capital expenditures and discount rates, to reflect any significant changes in the business environment that could materially affect the fair value of our reporting units. Based on the evaluations performed in 2024, we determined that the fair value of each of our reporting units, including the goodwill resulting from the Transaction, exceeded their carrying amounts.

There are inherent uncertainties related to each of the assumptions used in the qualitative assessment, and the Company’s judgment in applying them. Changes in the assumptions used in the Company’s qualitative assessment of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets could result in impairment charges that could be material to the Consolidated Financial Statements in any given period.

Insurance Reserves

The Company maintains insurance retention programs under its general liability, auto liability, and workers' compensation insurance programs. The Company also carries excess coverage to mitigate catastrophic losses. The Company uses an independent third-party actuary to assist in determining its insurance reserves. Insurance reserves are accrued on an undiscounted basis based on known claims and estimated incurred but not reported claims not otherwise covered by insurance. The estimates are developed utilizing standard actuarial methods and are based on historical claims experience and actuarial assumptions, including loss development factors and expected ultimate loss selections. The inherent uncertainty of future loss projections could cause actual claims to differ from the Company's estimates. The Company recorded insurance reserves of $153.3 million and $41.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, within Accruals and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, of which $23.8 million and $9.8 million, respectively, was covered by insurance and included as a component of Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities as measured by the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences reverse. The effect of a change in income tax rates on deferred tax asset and liability balances is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment of such rate change. A valuation allowance, if necessary, is recorded against deferred tax assets if utilization is not likely.

The Company recognizes a tax position in its financial statements when that tax position, based solely upon its technical merits, is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. Those tax positions failing to qualify for initial recognition are recognized in the first interim period in which they meet the more likely than not standard or are resolved through negotiation or litigation with the taxing authority, or upon expiration of the statutes of limitations. Derecognition of a tax position that was previously recognized occurs when an entity subsequently determines that a tax position no longer meets the more likely than not threshold of being sustained.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

To measure fair value of assets and liabilities, the Company uses the following fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs:

•Level 1 — observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2 — significant other observable inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

•Level 3 — significant unobservable inputs for which there are little or no market data, which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, net and accounts payable are carried at cost, which approximates their fair value because of their short-term maturity. See Note 12 "Debt" for disclosures of certain financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value.

Determining which category an asset or liability falls within this hierarchy requires judgment. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each period disclosures are presented.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures("ASU 2023-07"), to improve the disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and provide for the disclosure of additional and more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The required disclosures have been included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. Refer to Note 21 "Segment Reporting" for additional information.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative, to modify the disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of codification topics by aligning them with the SEC’s regulations. This guidance is effective for the Company no later than June 30, 2027. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adoption of this standard on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures through improvements to disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The new standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adoption of this standard on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses("ASU 2024-03"). ASU 2024-03, as amended by ASU No. 2025-01, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): clarifying the Effective Date, will require additional disclosures and disaggregation of certain costs and expenses presented on the face of the income statement. This guidance is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update can be applied either (i) prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or (ii) retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adoption of this standard on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTE 3—BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Primo Water Corporation Arrangement Agreement and Merger

As described in Note 1 "Description of the Business", on November 8, 2024 BlueTriton and Primo Water combined their respective businesses through an all-stock transaction and became subsidiaries of the Company. The Transaction was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method with BlueTriton as the accounting acquirer in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). ASC 805 provides that in a business combination effected through an exchange of equity interests, such as the Transaction, the entity that issues equity interests is generally the acquiring entity. However, under certain situations, the acquirer for accounting purposes may not necessarily be the entity that issues its equity interest to effect the business combination, particularly when the entity was newly created by one or more parties to a business combination.

After careful consideration, BlueTriton was determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances. In identifying BlueTriton as the accounting acquirer, the companies took into account many factors including: (i) the relative voting rights in the combined entity after the business combination, (ii) the combining entity whose single owner or organized group of owners holds the largest minority voting interest in the combined entity, (iii) the composition of the governing board of directors of the combined entity, (iv) the composition of the senior management of the combined entity, (v) if one of the combining entities is significantly larger than the other combining entity or entities, (vi) which entity initiated the business combination, (vii) whether the new company formed as a result of the business combination transfers cash or other assets or incurs liabilities as consideration in the transaction, and (viii) other qualitative factors. Although no single factor was the sole determinant, the primary factors that resulted in BlueTriton being designated as the accounting acquirer were the voting rights and ownership interest; the composition of the Board; the relative size and estimated market value of the businesses; and the background of the business combination which indicates that BlueTriton was the initiator of the business combination.

Accordingly, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are measured at their acquisition date fair values.

Primo Water is a leading North America-focused pure-play water solutions provider that operates largely under a recurring revenue model in the large format water category (defined as 3 gallons or greater). This business strategy is commonly referred to as “razor-razorblade” because the initial sale of a product creates a base of users who frequently purchase complementary consumable products. The Company believes that the Transaction will create a leading player in the pure-play healthy hydration industry, well-positioned in one of the largest components of the U.S. beverage category.

The purchase price of $3,950.3 million has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the Company’s estimates of fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values was recorded as goodwill. Goodwill arising from the acquisition is attributable to the value of the acquired assembled workforce and the premium paid. The portion of goodwill deductible for tax purposes is $69.6 million.

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company, with the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of Primo Water’s net assets recorded as goodwill.:

The assets and liabilities acquired in the Transaction are recorded at their estimated fair values per preliminary valuations and management estimates and are subject to change when formal valuations and other studies are finalized. Estimated fair values for deferred tax balances are preliminary and are also subject to change based on the final valuation results. In addition, consideration for potential loss contingencies are still under review.

The Company recorded $108.7 million of acquisition-related costs associated with the Transaction during the year ended December 31, 2024, which are included in Acquisition, integration and restructuring expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Intangible Assets

In the Company's determination of the fair value of intangible assets, we consider, among other factors, the best use of acquired assets, analysis of historical financial performance and estimates of future performance of the acquired business’ products.

The estimated fair values of identified intangible assets are calculated considering both market participant expectations, using an income approach, as well as estimates and assumptions provided by the Company's management.

The estimated fair value of customer relationships represents future after-tax discounted cash flows that will be derived from sales to existing customers of the acquired business as of the date of acquisition. Assumptions include projected revenue growth rates, operating expense rates, cost synergies, customer attrition rates, tax rates, contributory asset charges, and risk-adjusted discount rates.

The estimated fair value of trademarks and trade names represents the future projected cost savings associated with the premium and brand image obtained as a result of owning the trademark or trade name as opposed to obtaining the benefit of the trademark or trade name through a royalty or rental fee. Assumptions include revenue growth rate, royalty rate, and discount rate.

The estimated fair value of water rights represents the economic benefit resulting from the legal right to extract water from spring sources. The primary assumption is the discount rate.

The following table presents the components of identifiable intangible assets associated with the Transaction and their estimated weighted-average useful lives:

Goodwill

The principal factor that resulted in recognition of goodwill was the basis of the purchase price in the Transaction, in part, on cash flow projections assuming the reduction of administration costs and the integration of acquired customers and products into the Company's operations, which is of greater value than on a standalone basis.

Unaudited Supplemental Pro Forma Information

The following table presents unaudited supplemental pro forma information for the periods presented as if the business combination occurred on January 1, 2023:

The pro forma results presented above primarily include the impacts of the following: the alignment of Primo Water accounting policies to those of BlueTriton, non-recurring expenses related to transaction costs incurred by BlueTriton, the estimated amortization expense associated with the fair value of the acquired intangible assets and the tax impact of these adjustments. The pro forma information is presented for information purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had taken place at such time.

For the post-Transaction period ended December 31, 2024, the net sales and net losses attributable to the acquired Primo Water business reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations were $254.4 million and $26.8 million, respectively.

The Company did not have material acquisition activity during the year ended December 31, 2023.

NOTE 4—DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Discontinued Operations

Following completion of the Transaction, Primo Water's Remaining International Businesses are presented as discontinued operations in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto.

As of December 31, 2024, the total assets and liabilities of discontinued operations classified as held for sale included in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets were $184.8 million and $113.3 million, respectively.

Continuing Operations Assets Held for Sale

In October 2024, the Company's management approved the sale of a production facility in Ontario, Canada. The Company classified the facility and associated assets as held for sale and fair valued them utilizing level 3 inputs. As of December 31, 2024, $45.9 million in assets held for sale related to this production facility were classified in Current assets held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company closed on the sale of the facility and associated assets on January 31, 2025.

NOTE 5—CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH

The following table presents the components of Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

The restricted cash balance relates to bottle deposits that are required for specific U.S. state programs.

NOTE 6—INVENTORIES

The following table presents the components of Inventories in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

NOTE 7—PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

The following table presents the components of Property, plant and equipment, net, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

Depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $250.0 million, $231.8 million and $256.9 million, respectively. Additions to property plant and equipment during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 include capitalized interest of $4.8 million and $11.4 million, respectively.

Included in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statement of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2023 is a charge related to the write off of property, plant and equipment of $9.8 million.

NOTE 8—LEASES

The Company’s leasing activities consist of operating and finance leases for land, buildings, offices and warehouse space, vehicles, certain machinery and equipment, tools, furniture and other equipment. The lease term used for calculating RoU assets and lease obligations is determined by considering the non-cancelable lease term and options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The determination to include or exclude option periods is generally made by considering the activity in the region for the underlying asset corresponding to the respective lease, among other contract-based and market-based factors.

Some of the Company’s leases contain variable payments for utilities, insurance, real estate tax, repairs and maintenance, and other variable operating expenses. Such amounts are not included in the measurement of the lease obligation and are recognized in the period when the items are incurred.

The following table presents the components of lease costs in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods presented:

The operating lease expense above is included within the Other non-cash items line item in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Included in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the year ended December 31, 2023 is an impairment charge of $4.5 million for RoU assets related to factory equipment that management determined was no longer fit for service.

The following table summarizes supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the periods presented:

The following table summarizes supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of the periods presented:

The following table summarizes the maturities of lease obligations:

NOTE 9—GOODWILL

The changes in the carrying amount of Goodwill in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the periods presented were as follows:

NOTE 10—INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

The following table presents Intangible assets, net, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets by major class as of the periods presented:

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, amortization expense of definite-lived intangible assets was $83.3 million, $74.8 million, and $65.0 million, respectively.

Based on the carrying value of definite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2024, estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter is as follows:

1 This table excludes $27.1 million of software development costs that are in-progress as of December 31, 2024 and not yet amortizable.

NOTE 11—ACCRUALS AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

The following table summarizes Accruals and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

NOTE 12—DEBT

The following table summarizes Long-term debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

1 The outstanding aggregate principal amounts of the 3.875% Senior Notes and the 4.375% Senior Notes are net of unamortized discounts of €8.6 million ($8.9 million at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024)and $40.0 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024. Refer to the sections below for additional details related to the discounts.

The following table summarizes the principal maturities of debt, excluding finance lease obligations and unamortized debt costs and discounts, in each of the next five years and thereafter:

The following describes the terms of our debt instruments in effect as of December 31, 2024:

Term Loans

Triton Water Holdings, Inc. (“Triton Water Holdings”) and Triton Water Intermediate, Inc. (“Intermediate Holdings”), both wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, entered into a Term Loan Agreement (as amended, the “Amended Credit Agreement” and such term loans thereunder, the “Term Loans”) on March 31, 2021 with a group of lenders and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as administrative and collateral agent, under which the Company borrowed term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $2,550.0 million. The Term Loans have a maturity date of March 31, 2028. In connection with the issuance of the Term Loans, the Company incurred debt issuance and transaction costs of $80.3 million that are recorded as a reduction of the carrying amount of the Term Loans and are being amortized using the effective interest method over the term to maturity.

The Amended Credit Agreement permits the Company to incur incremental term loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed the greater of (i) $536.0 million and (ii)1.0 multiplied by the pro forma consolidated adjusted EBITDA of the Company for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters, plus certain additional amounts, including unlimited amounts subject to, among other things, pro forma compliance with a first lien net leverage ratio, secured net leverage ratio or total net leverage ratio.

On December 9, 2021, Triton Water Holdings and Intermediate Holdings entered into the First Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement and incurred incremental term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $250.0 million with a maturity date of March 31, 2028. The Company recorded debt discounts of $3.6 million related to the First Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement that are recorded as a reduction of the carrying amount of the incremental term loans and are being amortized using the effective interest method over the remaining term to maturity. The Company accounted for the amendment as a modification. Accordingly, transaction fees of $3.4 million related to the First Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement were expensed as incurred. The BlueTriton Term Loan Credit Agreement was amended by that certain Second Amendment to the BlueTriton Term Loan Credit Agreement on June 9, 2023, primarily to effectuate the transition of the interest rate benchmark from London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR").

On March 1, 2024, Triton Water Holdings and Intermediate Holdings entered into the Third Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement and incurred incremental term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million (the “2024 Incremental Term Loans”) with a maturity date of March 31, 2028. In connection with the 2024 Incremental Term Loans, BlueTriton incurred debt issuance and transaction costs of $5.1 million and debt discounts of $8.0 million, all of which are recorded as a reduction of the carrying amount of the 2024 Incremental Term Loans and are being amortized using the effective interest method over the remaining term to maturity.

The 2024 Incremental Term Loans had no impact on the terms, or amounts outstanding, under the Amended Credit Agreement. The Term Loans and the 2024 Incremental Term Loans will collectively be defined as the “Term Loans” henceforth.

The interest rate per annum applicable to loans under the Term Loans is, at the Company’s option, equal to either an alternate base rate or an adjusted SOFR rate for a one-, three-, or six-month interest period, in each case, plus an applicable margin that ranges from 3.25% to 3.5% based on BlueTriton’s leverage. The alternate base rate will be the greater of (i) the rate determined by Morgan Stanley from time to time as its prime commercial lending rate for U.S. Dollar loans in the United States on such day, (ii) the federal funds effective rate calculated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, plus 0.50%, and (iii) the adjusted SOFR rate for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%. The adjusted SOFR rate will be the rate per annum equal to the SOFR as determined by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or its successor) plus a spread adjustment; provided, that in no event, shall the adjusted SOFR rate with respect to the current term loans be less than 0.50%.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, unamortized debt issuance costs and discount related to the Term Loans were $54.4 million and $54.9 million, respectively.

On the last business day of each fiscal quarter the Company is required to make an aggregate principal amount equal to 0.25% of the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans, or $32.0 million annually, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The applicable weighted average interest rate for the Term Loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 7.90% and 8.86%, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company made scheduled principal payments of $32.0 million and $28.0 million related to the Term Loans, respectively.

ABL Credit Facility

On March 31, 2021, Triton Water Holdings and Intermediate Holdings entered into the asset based lending ("ABL") revolving credit agreement (“ABL Credit Facility") with the Lenders for up to $350.0 million of revolving loan commitments, up to $50.0 million of which is available as swingline loans and up to $75.0 million of which is available as letters of credit, which letters of credit shall expire not more than 12 months after the date of issuance (with options for auto renewal). The ABL Credit Facility has a maturity date of March 31, 2026. In conjunction with the issuance of the ABL Credit Facility, the Company incurred $6.0 million of debt issuance costs, which are amortized ratably over thefive-year term of the ABL Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the unamortized debt issuance costs related to the ABL Credit Facility were $1.6 million and $2.7 million. respectively, and are included in Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The interest rate per annum applicable to loans under the ABL Credit Facility is, at the Company’s option, equal to either an alternate base rate or an adjusted SOFR rate for a one-, three-, or six-month interest period, or a twelve-month period if available from all relevant affected lenders, in each case, plus an applicable margin, equal to (i) a base rate plus a margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.00% or (ii) an adjusted SOFR rate plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.00%, in each case with such margin depending on the monthly average unused borrowing availability under the ABL Credit Facility.

The Company is required to pay a commitment fee ranging from 0.25% to 0.375%, based on the Company's average daily total utilization of the ABL Credit Facility.

Amounts available for borrowing are reduced by letters of credit outstanding; refer to table below for available borrowing amounts.

6.250% Senior Notes

On March 31, 2021, Triton Water Holdings issued $770.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured 6.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (“6.250% Senior Notes”). The Company incurred $19.0 million of debt issuance costs related to the 6.250% Senior Notes, which were recorded as a reduction of the carrying amount of the 6.250% Senior Notes. The debt issuance costs are being amortized using the effective interest method over a period ofeight years, which represents the term to maturity of the 6.250% Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, unamortized debt issuance costs related to the 6.250% Senior Notes were $10.6 million and $12.6 million, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid $47.0 million to repurchase $57.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 6.250% Senior Notes. As a result of these transactions, the Company recorded a gain of $8.7 million on extinguishment of debt, net of a write-off of $1.3 million of capitalized debt issuance costs.

BlueTriton Debt Covenants

The Term Loans, the indenture governing the 6.250% Senior Notes, and the ABL Credit Facility contain certain affirmative and negative covenants that, among other things, limit the Company’s ability to, subject to various exceptions and qualifications: (i) incur liens; (ii) incur additional debt; (iii) sell, transfer or dispose of assets; (iv) merge with or acquire other companies; (v) make loans; (vi) make investments; (vii) make dividends and distributions on, or repurchases of, equity; (viii) enter into certain transactions with affiliates; and (ix) other miscellaneous restrictions. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was compliant with all affirmative and negative covenants.

The ABL Credit Facility also requires BlueTriton to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1.0 during any period commencing on any day when specified excess availability is less than the greater of (1) $25.0 million or (2)10.00% of the maximum borrowing amount. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was not required to maintain this ratio as the excess availability exceeded the designated thresholds.

Revolving Credit Agreement

On March 6, 2020, Primo Water entered into a credit agreement among Primo Water, as parent borrower, Primo Water Holdings Inc. ("Primo Issuer"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Primo Water, and certain other subsidiary borrowers, certain other subsidiaries of Primo Water from time to time designated as subsidiary borrowers, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, and the lenders from time to time party thereto (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”).

The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for a senior secured revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate committed amount of $350.0 million (the “Primo Water Revolving Credit Facility”), which may be increased by incremental credit extensions from time to time in the form of term loans or additional revolving credit commitments. The Primo Water Revolving Credit Facility has afive year maturity date and includes letter of credit and swingline loan sub-facilities.

At the time of the Transaction, there were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement.

Amounts available for borrowing under the Revolving Credit Agreement are reduced by letters of credit outstanding; refer to table below for available borrowing amounts.

Unutilized commitments under the Revolving Credit Agreement are subject to a commitment fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.30% per annum depending on Primo Water's consolidated total leverage ratio, payable on a quarterly basis.

3.875% Senior Notes

On October 22, 2020, Primo Issuer issued €450.0 million ($468.7 million at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024) of 3.875% Senior Notes due October 31, 2028 (the “3.875% Senior Notes”) to qualified purchasers in a private placement offering under Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and outside the United States to non-U.S. purchasers pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act and other applicable laws. The 3.875% Senior Notes are guaranteed by Primo Water and certain subsidiaries that are currently obligors under the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 4.375% Senior Notes (as defined below). The 3.875% Senior Notes will mature on October 31, 2028 and interest is payable semi-annually on April 30 and October 31 of each year commencing on April 30, 2021.

In connection with the Transaction, the Company recorded the difference between the carrying value of the 3.875% Senior Notes and the fair value as of the date of the Transaction as an unamortized discount of €8.9 million ($9.2 million at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024), which is being amortized using the effective interest method at an effective interest rate of 4.42% and recorded to Interest and financing expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the remaining term of the 3.875% Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2024, the unamortized discount for the 3.875% Senior Notes was €8.6 million ($8.9 million at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024).

4.375% Senior Notes

On April 30, 2021, Primo Issuer issued $750.0 million of 4.375% Senior Notes due April 30, 2029 (the “4.375% Senior Notes ”) to qualified purchasers in a private placement offering under Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and outside the United States to non-U.S. purchasers pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act and other applicable laws. The 4.375% Senior Notes are guaranteed by Primo Water and certain subsidiaries that are currently obligors under the Revolving Credit Agreement and the 3.875% Senior Notes. The 4.375% Senior Notes will mature on April 30, 2029 and interest is payable semi-annually on April 30 and October 31 of each year commencing on October 31, 2021.

In connection with the Transaction, the Company recorded the difference between the carrying value of the 4.375% Senior Notes and the fair value as of the date of the Transaction as an unamortized discount in the amount of $41.2 million, which is being amortized using the effective interest method at an effective interest rate of 5.78% and recorded to Interest and financing expense, net on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations over the remaining term of the 4.375% Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2024, the unamortized discount for the 4.375% Senior Notes was $40.0 million.

Debt Covenants

Under the indentures governing the 3.875% Senior Notes and 4.375% Senior Notes, the Company is subject to a number of covenants, including covenants that limit the Company and certain of its subsidiaries’ ability, subject to certain exceptions and qualifications, to (i) pay dividends or make distributions, repurchase equity securities, prepay subordinated debt or make certain investments, (ii) incur additional debt or issue certain disqualified stock or preferred stock, (iii) create or incur liens on assets securing indebtedness, (iv) merge or consolidate with another company or sell all or substantially all of its assets taken as a whole, (v) enter into transactions with affiliates and (vi) sell assets. The covenants are substantially similar across the series of notes. As of December 31, 2024, the Company in compliance with all of the covenants under each series of notes.

The Revolving Credit Agreement hastwo financial covenants, a consolidated secured leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio. The consolidated secured leverage ratio must not be more than 3.50 to 1.00, with an allowable temporary increase to 4.00 to 1.00 for the quarter in which the Company consummates a material acquisition with a price not less than $125.0 million, for three quarters. The interest coverage ratio must not be less than 3.00 to 1.00. The Company was in compliance with these financial covenants as of December 31, 2024.

In addition, the Revolving Credit Agreement has certain non-financial covenants, such as covenants regarding indebtedness, investments, and asset dispositions. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2024.

Parent Guarantees

Upon consummation of the Transaction, we entered into guarantees of the payment obligations of Primo Issuer with respect to (i) the 3.875% Senior Notes, issued pursuant to that certain Indenture, dated as of October 22, 2020, by and among the Issuer, the guarantors party thereto, BNY Canada, as Canadian trustee, BNY US, as U.S. trustee, and The Bank of New York Mellon, London Branch, as London paying agent , and (ii) the 4.375% Senior Notes, issued pursuant to that certain Indenture, dated as of April 30, 2021, by and among the Issuer, the guarantors party thereto, BNY Canada, as Canadian trustee, and BNY US, as U.S. trustee, paying agent, registrar, transfer agent, and authenticating agent.

The following table summarizes amounts available for borrowing under the revolving credit facilities as of the periods presented:

NOTE 13—STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Preferred Stock

As of December 31, 2024, the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate") authorizes the issuance of 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2024, there wereno shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.

Shares of preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series by the Company's Board of Directors and the Board of Directors is responsible for establishing the designation of such series and the number of shares to be included in such series and fixing the terms of such series, the voting powers (full or limited, or no voting powers), preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the shares of each such series, including without limitation thereof, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences.

Common Stock

As of December 31, 2024, the Company's Certificate authorizes the issue of 800,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share and 100,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

As of December 31, 2024, common stock consisted of the following:

Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are entitled to share equally, identically and ratably, on a per share basis, in dividends when, as, and if declared by the Company's Board of Directors, subject to the rights of the holders of all classes of stock outstanding having priority rights to dividends.

The holder of each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote for each share for each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders. Holders of each share of Class B common stock shall not be entitled to vote on the election, appointment or removal of directors of the Company but shall be entitled to one vote for each share of Class B common stock on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, other than the election, appointment or removal of directors. Further, subject to the exceptions described in the Company's Certificate, shares of Class B common stock are convertible into an equivalent number of shares of Class A common stock and generally convert into shares of Class A common stock upon transfer.

With the exception of the voting rights and conversion rights mentioned above, shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock shall have the same rights and privileges and rank equally to, share ratably with, and be identical in all respects as to all matters.

On November 8, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.09 per share on the outstanding shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock of the Company. The dividend was payable to stockholders of record as of the close of business on November 22, 2024, and was paid on December 5, 2024.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") represents gains and losses affecting stockholders' equity that are not reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The balances reported reflect the impact of cumulative translation adjustments and net actuarial gain, net of taxes, as reported in Note 16 "Employee Benefit Plans". The Company uses the portfolio approach for releasing income tax effects from AOCI.

The following table reflects the changes in AOCI, net of taxes by component for the periods presented:

1. During the year ended December 31, 2024,$1.4 million of losses were reclassified from AOCI related to the amounts excluded from the effectiveness testing recognized in earnings for the foreign exchange contracts. The effect of the loss was included in Other operating expense, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The tax benefit recorded as a result of this loss was$0.4 million, and was recorded within Provision for (benefit from) income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

2. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023,$0.8 million and$0.9 million, respectively, of income was reclassified from AOCI related to actuarial gains in the Company's postretirement benefit planand recorded in Interest and financing expense, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The tax obligation recorded as a result of this income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was$0.2 million and$0.2 million, respectively, and was recorded within Provision for (benefit from) income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 14—INCOME TAXES

U.S. and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes was as follows for the periods presented:

The following table presents the components of the Provision for (benefit from) income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods presented:

The following table presents a reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate for the periods presented:

The following table presents the components of Deferred income taxes in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the periods presented:

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has outside tax basis differences, including undistributed earnings, in its subsidiaries. For 2024, deferred taxes have not been recorded on the undistributed earnings because the Company's subsidiaries have the ability to repatriate funds to their respective parent company tax-efficiently or the undistributed earnings are indefinitely reinvested under the accounting guidance. In order to arrive at this conclusion, the Company considered factors including, but not limited to, past experience, domestic cash requirements, cash requirements to satisfy the ongoing operations, capital expenditures and other financial obligations of its subsidiaries. It is not practicable to determine the excess book basis over outside tax basis in the shares or the amount of incremental taxes that might arise if these earnings were to be remitted. The amount of tax payable could be significantly impacted by the jurisdiction in which a distribution was made, the amount of the distribution, foreign withholding taxes under applicable tax laws when distributed, relevant tax treaties and foreign tax credits.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has U.S. federal net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards of $17.5 million, which begin expiring in 2037. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has U.S. federal NOL carryforwards of $36.4 million which have indefinite lives. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has state NOL carryforwards in the amount of $8.2 million, which begin expiring in 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has Canadian NOL carryforwards of $123.3 million, which begin expiring in 2025. The Company has United Kingdom NOL carryforwards of $1.0 million which have indefinite lives. The Company's U.S. NOL carryforwards are subject to annual limitations in their use in accordance with IRC section 382.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company has capital loss carryforwards of $1.6 million primarily in Canada which have indefinite lives.

In evaluating the ability to recover the deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, the Company considers all positive and negative evidence, including the scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and recent operating results. Due to recent cumulative losses, it was determined that it is more likely than not the Company will not realize the benefit of NOL carryforwards, capital loss carryforwards, and other net deferred tax assets in Canada.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of our unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

If the Company recognized the tax positions, approximately $16.5 million would favorably impact the effective tax rate. The Company believes it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits will decrease or be recognized in the next twelve months by up to $3.8 million due to the settlement of certain tax positions and lapses in statutes of limitation in various tax jurisdictions. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as income tax expense. There was net interest and penalties of $1.1 million expensed during the year ended December 31, 2024. There wereno interest and penalties recognized during the years ended December, 31, 2023 and 2022. As of December 31, 2024 an interest and penalties liability of $2.5 million was recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company is subject to taxation in the United States, Canada and other foreign jurisdictions. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has been notified of examinations by the following U.S. state taxing authorities related to tax periods prior to March 31, 2021: California, Georgia, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Texas. As such and in accordance with the stock and asset purchase agreement, Nestle S.A. (the former owners of BlueTriton) bears the onus for any resulting adjustments of the aforementioned examinations. The Company is currently under audit in Pennsylvania for tax years 2021 and 2022. The Company is currently under audit in Canada by the Canada Revenue Agency for tax years 2016, 2017, 2019, 2020, and 2021. Except for those noted above and a few other exceptions, we are no longer subject to income tax examination for years prior to 2021. To the extent that income tax attributes such as net operating losses and tax credits have been carried forward from years prior to 2021, those attributes can still be audited when utilized on returns subject to audit.

NOTE 15—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Primo Brands Corporation Equity Incentive Plan

In November 2024, the Company adopted the Primo Brands Corporation Equity Incentive Plan (the "2024 Equity Plan"). Awards under the 2024 Equity Plan may be in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted shares, stock appreciation rights, restricted share units, performance shares, performance units, unrestricted shares, and other stock or cash-based awards to the Company’s employees, officers, directors, consultants, and advisors. The 2024 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee") or any other Board committee as may be designated by the Board of Directors from time to time. The 2024 Equity Plan includes an initial reserve of 38,000,000 shares of Class A common stock authorized for issuance under the plan, subject to adjustment in connection with changes in capitalization, reorganization, and change in control events, which will automatically increase on the first day of each calendar year beginning on January 1, 2026 and ending on and including January 1, 2034 by an amount equal to the lesser of (i)5% of the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock of the Company issued and outstanding on the day immediately preceding the applicable date, or (ii) such smaller amount determined by the Board. Shares that are issued under the 2024 Equity Plan that are forfeited, expired, or are canceled or settled without the issuance of shares return to the pool of shares available for issuance under the 2024 Equity Plan. As of December 31, 2024, there were 37,279,672 shares available for future issuance under the 2024 Equity Plan.

Legacy Primo Water Equity Incentive Plans

In connection with the Transaction, the Company adopted the Legacy Primo Water Corporation Equity Incentive Plan (the “Legacy Equity Plan”) and the Legacy Primo Water Corporation 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Legacy 2018 Equity Plan”, and together with the Legacy Equity Plan, the “Legacy Equity Plans”) which assumed the outstanding Primo Water equity incentive awards and issued corresponding replacement awards with respect to the Company's Class A common stock. The Company does not expect to issue any additional awards under the Legacy Equity Plans going forward. The Legacy Equity

Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee or any other Board committee as may be designated by the Board of Directors from time to time.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As referenced below: (i) “Performance-based RSUs” represent restricted share units with performance-based vesting, (ii) “Time-based RSUs” represent restricted share units with time-based vesting, (iii) “Stock options” represent non-qualified stock options, (iv) “Other awards” represent common shares issued in consideration of the annual Board retainer fee to non-management members of our Board, profit interest units in Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP with time-based vesting ("Time-based PIUs"), and profit interest units in Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP with time- and performance-based vesting ("Performance-based PIUs").

The table below summarizes the stock-based compensation expense for the years then ended:

1 Includes $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 associated with the Company's discontinued operations, which is included in Net income loss from discontinued operations, net of income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $3.5 million. There wasno tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

As of December 31, 2024, the unrecognized share-based compensation expense and the weighted-average number of years over which the expense will be recognized were as follows:

The grant date fair value of the Performance-based PIUs was $2.7 million. As of December 31, 2024, the achievement of the performance condition was not considered probable, and therefore no expense has been recorded and no unrecognized stock-based compensation related to these awards was included in the table above.

Stock Options

In connection with the Transaction during the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 1,194,877 stock options as replacement awards for the outstanding awards held by Primo Water employees with a weighted-average exercise price of $14.31 per share. The stock options received the same terms and conditions as immediately prior to the Transaction, including the stock option exercise price. The weighted-average fair value of the replacement stock options granted was estimated to be $10.61 per share using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The contractual term of a stock option is fixed by the Legacy Equity Plans and cannot exceedten years from the original grant date.

The fair value of the replacement stock options during the year ended December 31, 2024 was estimated on the date of acquisition using the Black-Scholes option pricing model utilizing the following range of assumptions:

The following table summarizes the activity for stock options for the periods presented:

The aggregate intrinsic value amounts in the table above represent the difference between the closing price of the Company's Class A common stock on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") on December 31, 2024, which was $30.77, and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money stock options as of the same date.

The total amount of cash received from the exercise of stock options during the year ended December 31, 2024 was $1.9 million, with an associated tax benefit of $0.5 million. No options vested during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Time- and Performance-Based RSUs

In connection with the Transaction, the Company granted 3,287,966 Time-based RSUs as replacement awards for those held by Primo Water employees prior to the Transaction. The replacement awards included 793,040 Time-based RSUs and 2,494,926 Performance-based RSUs converted to Time-based RSUs. Each Primo Water Performance-based RSU was automatically assumed and converted into a Primo Brands Time-based RSU on substantially the same terms and conditions as immediately prior to the Transaction, except that the number of Class A common stock subject to the Primo Brands Time-based RSU was equal to the number of Primo Water shares underlying such Primo Water Performance-based RSU, as determined by the Board prior to the Transaction based on the expected performance of Primo Water for the performance period. The Performance-based RSUs were converted at 191.4% for the 2022 grants,170.4% for the 2023 grants and 187.25% for the 2024 grants. The fair value of the replacement Time-based RSUs was $24.21 per share based on the quoted market price of Primo Water common shares on the NYSE on November 8, 2024. The Time-based RSUs have a time-based vesting period equal to the remaining vesting period for the original awards.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company granted 239,790 Time-based RSUs, which vest over three years in equal annual installments on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant and include a service condition.

Additionally, the Company granted 465,481 Performance-based RSUs which vest at the end of athree-year performance period beginning on the first day of the Company's 2025 fiscal year and ending on the last day of our 2027 fiscal year ("2025 Performance Awards"). The number of shares ultimately awarded will be based upon the performance payout rate, which can range from 0% to 200% of the awards granted. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Compensation Committee determined that the 2025 Performance Awards will vest based on the Company’s achievement total shareholder return (”TSR”) relative to the TSR attained by companies within the Company's defined peer group for the applicable performance period (the “Performance Objective”). The number of Performance-based RSUs that may vest, and the related unrecognized compensation cost is subject to change based on the Performance Objectives achieved during the vesting period.

The grant date fair value of the 2025 Performance Awards granted during the year ended December 31, 2024 was estimated at the grant date using the Monte-Carlo simulation model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the grant date with a term equal to the simulation period used in the Monte-Carlo simulation model. The simulation period is equal to the performance periods associated with the performance shares. Volatility is based on the Company's historical data. Beginning TSR price is equal to the average closing price for the last eight trading days immediately prior to the grant date.

The following table summarizes the activity for the Company's Time- and Performance-based RSUs:

The total fair value of Time-based RSUs vested and issued during the year ended December 31, 2024 was $23.5 million.

Other Awards

Certain employees of BlueTriton were granted Class B units in Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP as PIUs, which consisted of a combination of time-based PIUs (approximately 1/2 of the PIUs) and performance-based PIUs (approximately 1/2 of the PIUs). Fifty percent (50%) of the time-based PIUs generally vest on the second anniversary of the vesting commencement date, and sixteen and two-thirds percent (16 2/3%) will vest on the third, fourth, and fifth anniversaries of the vesting commencement date. Performance-based PIUs will vest based on the return on investment by the investors of Triton Water Parent Holdings, LP, at the time of an exit transaction or final sale.

In November 2024 and subsequent to the Transaction, the Company granted 15,057 shares of Class A common stock with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.4 million to the non-management members of the Company's Board of Directors under the 2024 Equity Plan. The shares of Class A common stock were issued in consideration of the directors’ annual board retainer fee and are fully vested upon issuance.

In November 2024, the Company adopted the Primo Brands Corporation Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). The ESPP qualifies as an “employee share purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (“IRC”), as amended. Substantially all employees are eligible to participate in the ESPP and may elect to participate at the beginning of any quarterly offering period. The ESPP authorizes the issuance, and the purchase by eligible employees, of up to 7,600,000 shares of Primo Brands Class A common stock through payroll deductions. The ESPP provides that the number of shares reserved and available for issuance will automatically increase on January 1 of each calendar year from January 1, 2026 through January 1, 2034 by an amount equal to the lesser of (i)1% of the aggregate number of Class A common stock and Class B common stock on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) such lesser number of shares of common stock as determined by the Board. As of December 31, 2024,7,600,000 shares remained available for issuance under the ESPP. Eligible employees who choose to participate may purchase Primo Brands Class A common stock at 85% of the market value on the first or last day of the quarterly offering period, whichever is lower. The minimum contribution which an eligible employee may make under the ESPP is 1% of the employee’s eligible compensation, with the maximum contribution limited to 15% of the employee’s eligible compensation. At the end of each quarterly offering period for which the employee participates, the total amount of each employee’s payroll deduction for that offering period will be used to purchase Primo Brands Class A common stock.

NOTE 16—EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Defined Contribution Plans

The Company maintainstwo defined contribution plans.

The Company provides defined contribution retirement plans for substantially all of its former BlueTriton employees (“BlueTriton 401(k) Plan”). The Company’s matching contribution for employees participating in the BlueTriton 401(k) Plan provides the option to match contributions for eligible participants up to 4% of the employee’s eligible pay. The Company may also make discretionary retirements contributions, from 3% to 9% of eligible pay, for certain employees under the BlueTriton 401(k) Plan. The total expense for the Company’s contributions to the BlueTriton 401(k) Plan for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $41.2 million, $44.8 million and $43.1 million, respectively.

The Company provides defined contribution retirement plans for substantially all of its former Primo Water employees (“Primo Water 401(k) Plan”). The Company’s matching contribution for employees participating in the Primo Water 401(k) Plan provides the option to match contributions for eligible participants up to 3% of the employee’s eligible pay. The total expense for the Company’s contributions to the Primo Water 401(k) Plan for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $0.9 million.

Split-Dollar Life Insurance

The Company provides certain executives with life insurance benefits through split-dollar life insurance arrangements. The Company retains agreements with certain former and active executives whereby the Company must maintain the life insurance policy for a specified amount and split a portion of the policy benefits with the designated beneficiary of each executive. The Company’s investment in corporate-owned life insurance policies is recorded at cash surrender value, which approximates fair value.

As of December 31, 2024, the cash surrender value of $24.7 million for the remaining split dollar life insurance policies is recorded in Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and future amounts owed to the executives or their designated beneficiaries is $1.5 million, which is split between Accruals and other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in the amounts of $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2023, the cash surrender value of $27.4 million for the remaining split dollar life insurance policies is recorded in Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and future amounts owed to the executives or their designated beneficiaries is $2.7 million, which is split between Accruals and other current liabilities and Other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in the amounts of $0.5 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

Changes in the cash surrender value of these policies related to gains and losses incurred on these investments are classified within Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investments in and redemptions of these life insurance contracts are reported as cash flows from investing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Gains (losses) related to the corporate-owned life insurance policies were insignificant for all periods presented.

In April 2021, the Company funded $17.0 million into a rabbi trust, which will be used to pay premiums and other fees on these split-dollar life insurance plans in the future. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the rabbi trust has $14.1 million and $14.9 million, respectively, of Level 1 investments, which are included in Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 20 "Fair Value Measurements").

Non-Executive Medical

As part of a prior acquisition, the Company assumed the liability for a post-retirement medical benefit plan for former employees ("non-executive medical insurance plan"). Post acquisition the plan is frozen and all participants are fully vested. Therefore, the non-executive medical insurance plan is closed to new entrants and ceased accruing benefits.

The Company recognizes the funded status of its non-executive medical insurance plan, measured as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation. Benefit obligation balances reflect the accumulated post-retirement benefit obligations for the Company’s non-executive medical benefit plans. There wereno related plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. Total benefits paid under this plan for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $0.9 million, $0.7 million, and $0.5 million, respectively.

The following table presents the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the assumptions used to estimate the actuarial present value of benefit obligations as of the periods presented:

(1) These year-end rates are the basis for determining net periodic costs for the following year.

The amount of future benefit payments related to the non-executive medical plan expected to be paid over the next five years and the aggregate five fiscal years thereafter as follows (in millions):

NOTE 17—REVENUE RECOGNITION

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company's primary geographic market is North America with sales in the United States accounting for 97.4%,97.4%, and 97.3% of consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Disaggregation of net sales by water type for the periods presented is as follows:

Contract Balances

The Company does not have any material contract assets or liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

NOTE 18—ACQUISITION, INTEGRATION AND RESTRUCTURING EXPENSES

Acquisition expenses include those costs associated with the Transaction, as well as costs incurred on potential acquisitions. Integration and restructuring expenses mainly include costs incurred to achieve post-Transaction synergies, information technology implementation costs, and costs incurred on business optimization, among others. In connection with the closing of the Transaction, the Board authorized a series of cost cutting measures which are expected to continue through 2026. These restructuring costs are expected to result in a range of approximately $75.0 million - $100.0 million of aggregate charges, which are anticipated to include $47.0 million - $55.0 million of one-time cash termination benefits and costs associated with the decommissioning of facilities and the early termination of leases.

The following table summarizes the components of Acquisition, integration and restructuring expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:

The following table reflects the activity related to the restructuring accrual for the periods presented:

NOTE 19—HEDGING TRANSACTIONS AND DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company is directly and indirectly affected by changes in foreign currency market conditions and commodity prices on items such as diesel fuel and petroleum-based products. These changes in market conditions and commodity prices may adversely impact the Company's financial performance and are referred to as market risks. When deemed appropriate by management, the Company uses derivatives as a risk management tool to mitigate the potential impact of foreign currency market risks and commodity price risks.

The Company uses foreign exchange forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal balance of the Company's 3.875% Senior Notes. Forward contracts are agreements to buy or sell a quantity of a currency at a predetermined future date, and at a predetermined rate or price and are traded over-the-counter. The Company also uses commodity futures, forwards, and option contracts to manage commodity price risk associated with diesel fuel and petroleum-based products based on its anticipated consumption of these commodities for periods of up to 24 months.

All derivatives are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in the line item Prepaid expenses and other current assets or Accruals and other current liabilities. The carrying values of the derivatives reflect the impact of legally enforceable agreements with the same counterparties. If agreements allow the Company to net settle positive and negative positions (assets and liabilities) arising from different transactions with the same counterparty, the Company has elected to report the fair value of its derivatives on a net basis, by counterparty.

The accounting for gains and losses that result from changes in the fair values of derivative instruments depends on whether the derivatives have been designated and qualify as hedging instruments and the types of hedging relationships. Derivatives can be designated as fair value hedges, cash flow hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations. The changes in the fair values of derivatives that have been designated and qualify for fair value hedge accounting are recorded in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as the changes in the fair value of the hedged items attributable to the risk being hedged. Due to the high degree of effectiveness between the hedging instruments and the underlying exposures being hedged, fluctuations in the value of the derivative instruments are generally offset by changes in the fair values or cash flows of the underlying exposures being hedged. The changes in fair values of derivatives that were not designated and/or did not qualify as hedging instruments are immediately recognized into earnings. The Company classifies cash inflows and outflows related to derivative and hedging instruments within the appropriate cash flows section associated with the item being hedged.

For derivatives that will be accounted for as hedging instruments, the Company formally designates and documents, at inception, the financial instrument as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure, the risk management objective and the strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction. In addition, the Company formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the financial instruments used in hedging transactions are highly effective at offsetting changes in either the fair values or cash flows of the related underlying exposures.

The Company estimates the fair values of its derivatives based on quoted market prices or pricing models using current market rates. The notional amounts of the derivative financial instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and, therefore, are not a direct measure of the Company's exposure to the financial risks described above. The amounts exchanged are calculated by reference to the notional amounts and by other terms of the derivatives, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or other financial indices. The Company does not view the fair values of its derivatives in isolation, but rather in relation to the fair values or cash flows of the underlying hedged transactions. All of the Company's derivatives are over-the-counter instruments with liquid markets.

Credit Risk Associated with Derivatives

The Company has established strict counterparty credit guidelines and enters into transactions only with financial institutions of investment grade or better. The Company monitors counterparty exposures regularly and reviews promptly any downgrade in counterparty credit rating. The Company mitigates pre-settlement risk by being permitted to net settle for transactions with the same counterparty. To minimize the concentration of credit risk, the Company enters into derivative transactions with a portfolio of financial institutions. Based on these factors, the Company considers the risk of counterparty default to be minimal.

Fair Value Hedging Strategy

In connection with the Transaction, the Company acquired foreign exchange contracts with a notional amount of €450.0 million ($468.7 million at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2024) and a maturity date of October 31, 2025. The Company is utilizing the derivative financial instruments to hedge foreign exchange risk associated with the Company's 3.875% Senior Notes.

The Company designated the foreign exchange contracts as fair value hedges. The foreign exchange contracts are recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and changes in the fair value of the foreign exchange contracts are recorded in the same line as the hedged item, which is Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company excludes forward points from its assessment of hedge effectiveness and amortizes them on a straight-line basis over the life of the hedging instruments in Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The difference between fair value changes of the excluded component and the amount amortized to Other operating expense, net is recorded as a component of AOCI on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following amount was recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to hedged items as of December 31, 2024:

1 Carrying amount excludes unamortized debt discount as of December 31, 2024.

The fair value of the Company's derivative liabilities included in Accruals and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2024 was as follows:

The amount of gains or (losses) recognized in Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for fair value hedging relationships, presented on a pre-tax basis, for the year ended December 31, 2024 is shown in the table below:

The amount of gains or (losses), net of tax, recognized in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for fair value hedging relationships for the year ended December 31, 2024 is shown in the table below:

1 Amount is net of tax impact of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.

There were no settlements of the Company's foreign exchange contracts during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Economic (Non-Designated) Hedging Strategy

In addition to derivative instruments that have been designated and qualify for hedge accounting, the Company also uses certain derivatives as economic hedges of commodity exposure. Although these derivatives were not designated and/or did not qualify for hedge accounting, they are effective economic hedges. The changes in the fair values of economic hedges are immediately recognized in earnings.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the fair value of the Company's commodity forwards were liabilities of $5.4 million and $3.6 million, respectively, which are recorded in Accruals and other current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in fair value of the commodity forwards is reflected within Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 20—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes the fair values of financial instruments:

The fair values of the Company’s money market investments are based on the daily market price for identical assets in active markets. The fair value of the Company's split-dollar life insurance policies are the cash surrender value based on the fair value of underlying investment.

The changes in the fair value of the Company's commodity forwards recorded at fair value, which are Level 3 financial liabilities, are reflected within Other operating expense, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The Company had no transfers into or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for any of the periods presented.

Fair Value of Debt

The following table summarizes the Company's estimates of the fair values of its debt as of the periods presented:

The fair values of the 6.250% Senior Notes and Term Loans are estimated using quoted market prices for similar issues and are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair values of the 3.875% Senior Notes and 4.375% Senior Notes are based on the trading levels and bid/offer prices observed by a market participant and are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Given the variable interest rates, the carrying values of the ABL Credit Facility and the Revolving Credit Facility and other debts approximate their fair values.

NOTE 21—SEGMENT REPORTING

Primo Brands operates as a single segment. The Company has an extensive portfolio of highly recognizable, responsibly sourced and conveniently packaged branded beverages, including spring water brands Poland Spring® and Pure Life®, Saratoga® and Mountain Valley®, Arrowhead®, Deer Park®, Ice Mountain®, Ozarka®, and Zephyrhills®, purified brands including Primo Water TM and Sparkletts®, and flavored and enhanced brands like AC+ION® and Splash Refresher TM. These brands are sold directly across retail channels, including mass food, convenience, natural, drug, wholesale, distributors and home improvement, as well as food service accounts in North America. The Company also has extensive direct-to-consumer offerings with its industry-leading line-up of innovative water dispensers, which create customer and consumer connectivity through recurring water purchases. The Company also offers water filtration units for home and business consumers across North America.

The accounting policies of our segment are described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (see Note 2. "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies").

The Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") assesses performance for the segment and decides how to allocate resources based on segment net (loss) income from continuing operations that is also reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as such.

The measure of segment assets is reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as total assets. Segment capital expenditures are reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows as purchases of plant, property and equipment and purchases of intangible assets.

The CODM uses Net (loss) income from continuing operations to evaluate income generated from segment assets in deciding whether to reinvest profits into the segment or into other parts of the Company, such as for acquisitions or to pay dividends.

Net (loss) income from continuing operations is used to monitor budget versus actual results. The CODM also uses the Company's performance in competitive analysis by benchmarking to Primo Brands' competitors. The competitive analysis along with the monitoring of budgeted versus actual results are used in assessing performance of the segment and in establishing management’s compensation.

The Company hasone reportable segment. The segment sources, bottles and delivers water to customers in North America and manages the business activities on a consolidated basis. The Company does not assess the performance of its individual products on measures of profit or loss, or asset based metrics. Net sales by water type can be found in Note 17 "Revenue Recognition".

The Company's Chief Executive Officer is the CODM.

Business segment information is presented below:

Long-lived assets, consisting of net fixed assets and RoU assets, in the United States accounted for 97.8%, and 96.5% of consolidated long-lived assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

NOTE 22—NET (LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net (loss) income per common share is calculated by dividing the net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net (loss) income per common share is calculated using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the effect of potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist of stock options, Performance-based RSUs, Time-based RSUs, and stock purchase rights granted under the ESPP. The dilutive effect of these securities are reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share if their effect is antidilutive.

The rights of the holders of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting, and the classes otherwise share equally in dividends and residual net assets on a per share basis. Accordingly, the net (loss) income per common share amounts are the same for Class A common stock and Class B common stock because the holders of each class are entitled to equal per-share dividends or distributions in liquidation in accordance with the Company's Certificate.

For comparative purposes, the weighted-average shares outstanding of BlueTriton have been adjusted by an implied conversion ratio of 212.2-to-1 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 to reflect the effects of the Transaction. Reconciliations of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share for the periods presented are as follows:

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:

1 Performance-based RSUs represent the number of shares expected to be issued based on the estimated achievement of the performance metric for these awards.

NOTE 23—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company may be party to a variety of litigation, claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries, and investigations including but not limited to matters arising out of the ordinary course of business, including those related to advertising, marketing or commercial practices, personal injury and property damage, intellectual property rights, employment, tax and insurance, and matters relating to compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Responding to these matters, even those that are ultimately non-meritorious, may require the Company to incur significant expense and devote significant resources. While it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution of these matters, management believes, based upon examination of currently available information, experience to date, and advice from legal counsel, that, after taking into account existing insurance coverage and amounts already provided for, the currently pending legal proceedings against the Company will not have a material adverse impact on the Company's consolidated statements of operations, balance sheets, or cash flows.

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, and penalties are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. Other than with respect to the matter described below, the Company believes there is no litigation pending that could have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated statements of operations, balance sheets or cash flows. The Company believes it has made appropriate and adequate reserves and accruals for its current contingencies and the likelihood of a material loss beyond amounts accrued is remote.

Patane Litigation

On August 15, 2017, Mark Patane and 11 other named plaintiffs (collectively, the “Plaintiffs”) commenced a putative class action against Nestlé Waters in the U.S. District Court in the District of Connecticut (the “Court”). Plaintiffs alleged that Poland Spring product labels fraudulently represent the product to be natural spring water. The Plaintiffs have asserted claims of common law fraud, violations of certain consumer protection laws in nine states (with the Plaintiffs’ claims under the consumer protection laws of four of those states having been dismissed) and, for home and office customers, breach of contract. As a result of Triton Water Holdings' acquisition of all of the equity interests of Nestlé Waters North America Holdings, Inc., along with the acquisition of certain assets and assumption of certain liabilities of Nestlé Canada Inc. from Nestlé S.A. (the "Nestlé Acquisition"), Nestlé Waters was renamed BlueTriton Brands, Inc. (“BlueTriton Brands”), and BlueTriton Brands is continuing to defend against the lawsuit.

As a result of rulings on multiple dispositive motions, including most recently on December 30, 2024, the case has been narrowed in certain respects. On January 6, 2025, both the Plaintiffs and BlueTriton Brands moved for reconsideration of portions of the December 30, 2024 decision, which granted in part and denied in part BlueTriton Brands’ motion for summary judgment. Upon the resolution of those motions, the Plaintiffs are expected to seek to certify multiple classes, including a nationwide common law fraud class, a subclass comprised of BlueTriton Brands’ home and office customers for breach of contract, and state subclasses comprised of retail purchasers for violation of consumer protection statutes in New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs’ claims for injunctive relief have been dismissed. The Plaintiffs are seeking compensatory damages and/or statutory damages. For the common law fraud claims, the Plaintiffs purport to compute damages by multiplying the alleged price premium that Nestle Waters obtained from its “spring water” misrepresentation by the number of bottles sold during the class period, while statutory damages normally are determined by multiplying a statutorily established amount by the number of violations. The quantification of Plaintiffs’ recoverable damages is not reasonably determinable at this stage of the litigation. No trial date has been set. We believe that Plaintiffs’ claims are without merit, and we intend to defend ourselves vigorously. Based upon information presently known to management, the Company has not accrued a loss for the matters described above as the Company believes that a loss is not probable and reasonably estimable. While it is reasonably possible a loss may be incurred, the Company is unable to estimate a loss or range of loss in this matter.

Purchase Commitments

The Company may enter into unconditional purchase obligations with third parties suppliers in the ordinary course of business. Such arrangements are entered into to secure subscriptions, utilities, services and supplies vital to the Company's operations and ability to serve its customers. The Company has various long-term supply and service contracts which may require that the Company purchase minimum quantities, for a minimum term, at fixed or variable rates. As of December 31, 2024, unconditional purchase obligations covered by these agreements were as follows:

Letters of Credit

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $117.0 million of letters of credit outstanding.

Guarantees

In July 2017, Primo Water entered into a Share Repurchase Agreement with Refresco Group B.V., a Dutch company (“Refresco”), pursuant to which Primo Water sold to Refresco, in January 2018, its carbonated soft drinks and juice businesses and its Royal Crown International finished goods export business (the “Traditional Business Divestiture”). After the Traditional Business Divestiture, Primo Water continued to provide contractual payment guarantees totwo third-party lessors of certain real property used in this business. The leases were conveyed to the buyer as part of the sale, but Primo Water's guarantee was not released by the landlord. Thetwo lease agreements mature in 2027 and 2028. The maximum potential amount of undiscounted future payments under the guarantee is approximately $7.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and was calculated based on the minimum lease payments of the leases over the remaining term of the agreements. The sale documents require the buyer to pay all post-closing obligations under these conveyed leases, and to reimburse us if the landlord calls on a guarantee. The buyer has also agreed to a covenant to negotiate with the landlords for a release of our guarantees. The Company currently does not believe it is probable it would be required to perform under any of these guarantees or any of the underlying obligations.

NOTE 24—RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Investors, along with their associated management of the Company, provide various advisory services. In exchange for these services, the Company pays management fees to the related parties under the Management Agreements entered into at the time of the Nestlé Acquisition. Additionally, the Company has supply agreements with related parties.

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded expenses associated with management fees and associated costs under the Management Agreements, as well as transaction and post-Transaction related party consulting fees totaling $53.6 million and $17.8 million, respectively, which were included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded an associated prepaid expense ofnil and $3.4 million, respectively, which is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additionally, the Company recorded an associated accrual of $0.2 million andnil as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased $31.4 million and $4.7 million, respectively, of raw materials used in the production process from a related party, which were recorded as a component of Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded an associated payable of $2.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, related to the unpaid portion of these purchases.

NOTE 25—SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On February 20 2025, the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.10 per share on the outstanding Class A common stock of the Company, payable in cash on March 24, 2025 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 7, 2025.

On January 27, 2025, the Company commenced separate private offers to exchange three series of outstanding senior notes forthree new series of senior notes to be co-issued by Primo Issuer and Triton Water Holdings and cash. The private offers expired on February 25, 2025. The Company received consents to amend indentures, eliminating substantially all of the restrictive covenants, certain default provisions, and releasing certain guarantor obligations. Upon receipt of requisite consents, all Class B common stock was converted to Class A common stock. Concurrently, the Company repaid and terminated the ABL Credit Facility and Revolving Credit Facility, established a new $750.0 million revolving credit facility and repriced the Term Loans.