NCR Atleos Corp

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Background

NCR Atleos Corporation (“Atleos,” the “Company,” “we,” or “our”) is an industry-leading financial technology company providing self-directed banking solutions to a global customer base, including financial institutions, retailers and consumers. The Company’s comprehensive solutions enable the acceleration of self-directed banking through automated teller machine (“ATM”) and interactive teller machine (“ITM”) technology, including software, services, hardware and our proprietary Allpoint network. Atleos is a global company that is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.

On September 15, 2022, NCR Corporation (now known as NCR Voyix Corporation or “Voyix,” and referred to as “NCR” prior to the Separation), announced its plan to separate its businesses into two distinct, publicly traded companies, whereby NCR would execute a spin-off to NCR stockholders of its self-service banking, network, and telecommunications and technology businesses (previously referred to as NCR Atleos or NCR ATMCo), (the “Spin-off” or “Separation”). On September 22, 2023, the Board of Directors of NCR authorized the Spin-off of Atleos, which was completed on October 16, 2023. Prior to October 16, 2023, the Company was wholly owned by NCR.

On September 27, 2023, and in connection with the Spin-off, the Company executed senior secured notes and term loan facilities and used the aggregate proceeds of $2,894 million received from the issuance of the senior secured notes and the term loan facilities, as well as cash on-hand, to make a net distribution payment of $2,996 million to Voyix in consideration for the net assets contributed to Atleos. Refer to Note 5, “Debt Obligations”, for additional information on our current outstanding debt.

The Spin-off was achieved by means of a pro-rata distribution of all of Atleos’ common stock to Voyix’s stockholders at the close of business on October 2, 2023 (“Record Date”) (collectively, the “Distribution”). Each holder of Voyix’s common stock received one share of Atleos’ common stock for every two shares of Voyix’s common stock held as of the Record Date. Upon completion of the Distribution, on October 17, 2023, the Company commenced trading as an independent public company under the ticker symbol “NATL” on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). Following the Distribution, Voyix does not beneficially own any shares of Atleos common stock and no longer consolidates Atleos with Voyix’s financial results.

In preparation for the Spin-off, NCR transferred certain assets and liabilities to Atleos, including, but not limited to, the United States pension, postemployment, and postretirement plans. Additionally, the Company entered into agreements that provide a framework for the relationship between Atleos and Voyix, including, a Separation and Distribution Agreement, a Transition Services Agreement, a Tax Matters Agreement, an Employee Matters Agreement, a Patent and Technology Cross-License Agreement, a Trademark License and Use Agreement, a Masters Services Agreement, and a Manufacturing Services Agreement (collectively, the “Separation Agreements”). Atleos also entered into a Trade Receivable Facility agreement, various sublease agreements, and established a stock compensation incentive plan in connection with the Spin-off.

Additionally, outstanding restricted stock units and stock options previously granted by NCR were adjusted to maintain the economic value of those awards before and after the Spin-off. Generally, continuing Atleos employees had their outstanding restricted stock units, held as of the Spin-off, converted solely into equivalent restricted stock units of Atleos, and any outstanding NCR restricted stock units held as of the Spin-off were cancelled, while continuing Voyix employees retained the number of outstanding restricted stock units held as of the Spin-off and received additional Voyix restricted stock units to reflect the Spin-off. Outstanding stock options at the time of the Spin-off, regardless of the holder, were converted into stock options of both Atleos and Voyix. In addition, outstanding restricted stock units held by certain key equity holders as of the Spin-off (including former Voyix directors and certain former Voyix employees) were converted into restricted stock units of both Atleos and Voyix.

Basis of Presentation

On October 16, 2023, the Company became a standalone publicly traded company, and its financial statements are now presented on a consolidated basis. Prior to the Separation, the Company’s historical combined financial statements were prepared on a standalone basis and were derived from NCR’s consolidated financial statements and accounting records. The financial statements for all periods presented, including the historical results of the Company prior to October 16, 2023, are now referred to as “Consolidated Financial Statements”, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

All intracompany accounts and transactions within the Company have been eliminated in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Unless otherwise noted, all figures within the Consolidated Financial Statements are stated in U.S. Dollars (USD) and millions.

Periods Prior to Separation

Prior to the Separation, the Consolidated Statements of Operations include all revenues and costs directly attributable to the Company, including costs for facilities, functions and services used by or for the benefit of the Company. The Company had historically functioned together with the other businesses controlled by NCR. Accordingly, the Company relied on NCR’s corporate overhead and other support functions for its business. Therefore, certain corporate overhead and shared costs had been allocated to the Company, including: (i) certain general and administrative expenses related to NCR support functions that were provided on a centralized basis within NCR (e.g., expenses for corporate facilities, executive oversight, treasury, finance, legal, human resources, compliance, information technology, employee benefit plans, stock compensation plans, and other corporate functions) and (ii) certain operations support costs incurred by NCR, including product sourcing, maintenance and support services, and other supply chain functions. These expenses had been specifically identified, when possible, or allocated based on revenues, headcount, usage or other allocation methods that were considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided or benefits received. All charges and allocations for facilities, functions and services performed by NCR had been deemed settled in cash by Atleos to NCR in the period in which the cost was recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Management considers that such allocations had been made on a reasonable basis consistent with benefits received but may not necessarily be indicative of the costs that would have been incurred if the Company had been operated on a standalone basis for the periods presented prior to Separation. The amounts that would have been, or are currently being incurred, on a stand-alone basis could materially differ from the amounts allocated due to economies of scale, a requirement for more or fewer employees, or other factors. Management did not believe, however, that it was practicable to estimate what these expenses would have been for the periods presented had the Company operated as an independent entity, prior to Separation, including any expenses associated with obtaining any of these services from unaffiliated entities.

Prior to the Separation, NCR utilized a centralized approach to managing its treasury operations. The cash and cash equivalents held by NCR at the corporate level were not specifically identifiable to Atleos; and therefore, had not been reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets prior to Separation. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets prior to Separation represent cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash held by legal entities of the Company that were specifically attributable to the Company.

Prior to the Separation, NCR’s external debt and related interest expense had not been attributed to the Company for the periods presented because NCR’s borrowings were neither directly attributable to the Company nor was the Company the legal obligor of such borrowings.

Prior to the Separation, the aggregate net effect of related party transactions historically settled in cash between the Company and NCR are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as Related party receivables and payables within operating activities, Amounts advanced for or Repayments received from related party notes receivable in investing activities, or Proceeds from or Payments on related party borrowings within financing activities. Other balances between the Company and NCR were considered to be effectively settled in the Consolidated Financial Statements at the time the transactions were recorded. The aggregate net effect of transactions between the Company and NCR that were not historically settled in cash had been reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as Net transfers from (to) NCR Corporation within financing activities.

Prior to the Separation, income tax expense and tax balances were calculated on a separate tax return basis. The separate tax return method applies the accounting guidance for income taxes to the standalone financial statements as if the Company was a separate taxpayer and a standalone company even though the Company filed as part of NCR’s tax group in certain jurisdictions prior to Separation. The Company’s portion of income tax expense for domestic, and certain jurisdictions outside the United States (“U.S.”), were deemed to have been settled in the period the related tax expense was recorded.

Periods Post Separation

Following the Separation, certain functions continue to be provided by or for Voyix under the Transition Services Agreements or are being performed using Atleos’ own resources or third-party service providers. Additionally, certain maintenance services, manufacturing services, product resale and other support services and supply chain operations will continue to be provided by or to Voyix under the Commercial Agreements. On August 6, 2024, Voyix announced its intention to move the manufacturing services to another party and to further reduce the maintenance services that are being performed under the Commercial Agreements. Manufacturing services provided to Voyix were completed in the fourth quarter of 2024.

The Company incurred certain costs in its establishment as a standalone public company and expects to incur ongoing additional costs associated with operating as an independent, publicly traded company.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Estimates are used when accounting for receivable and inventory reserves, depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets, employee benefit plan obligations, asset retirement obligations, product liabilities, income and withholding taxes, contingencies, valuation of business combinations, and allocations of cost and expenses from NCR prior to Separation.

Although our estimates contemplate current and expected future conditions, as applicable, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could differ from our expectations, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial position. In particular, a number of estimates have been and will continue to be affected by macroeconomic pressures and geopolitical challenges. The ultimate impact on our overall financial condition and operating results will depend on the duration and severity of supply chain challenges and cost escalations including materials, interest, labor and freight, and any additional governmental and public actions taken in response. As a result, our accounting estimates and assumptions may change over time as a consequence of these external factors. Such changes could result in future impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, long-lived assets, incremental credit losses on accounts receivable and decreases in the carrying amount of our tax assets.

Evaluation of Subsequent Events The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date that our Consolidated Financial Statements were issued. Other than the items discussed within the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, no matters were identified that required adjustment of the Consolidated Financial Statements or additional disclosure.

Prior Period Financial Statement Revision In connection with the preparation of the Company’s interim and annual 2024 financial statements, management identified errors pertaining to the Separation-related accounting entries recorded in the fourth quarter of 2023, which impacted the December 31, 2023 balance sheet and statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. In order to correctly state December 31, 2023 equity to reflect the impact of the Separation transaction, management has revised the December 31, 2023 Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity to reflect the impact of the errors. The cumulative adjustments have no impact on operating results or cash flows. The Company evaluated the impact of the adjustments and concluded they were not material to any previously issued annual consolidated financial statements. The accompanying footnotes have also been adjusted to reflect such correction.

The following table reflects the impact of the revision to the specific line items presented in the Company’s previously reported Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2023.

As it relates to the Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2023, the revision adjustment increases the “Net transfers from NCR Corporation” within Net Investment from NCR Corporation from $(14) million, as previously reported, to $(48) million and decreases the activity presented as “Issuance of Common Stock in connection with Separation and reclassification of Net investment from NCR Corporation” within Net Investment from NCR Corporation and Retained earnings by $34 million, resulting in the revision to retained earnings as summarized in the table above. The revision also decreases the “Stock compensation plans” line in the aforementioned statement from $16 million, as previously reported, to $12 million (reflecting the $4 million adjustment in the table above to “Paid-in capital”).

Basis of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Atleos and its majority-owned subsidiaries. Long-term investments in affiliated companies in which Atleos owns between 20% and 50%, and therefore, exercises significant influence, but which it does not control, are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which Atleos does not exercise significant influence (generally, when Atleos has an investment of less than 20% and no significant influence, such as representation on the investee’s board of directors) are accounted for using the cost method. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. In addition, the Company is required to determine whether it is the primary beneficiary of economic income or losses that may be generated by variable interest entities in which the Company has such an interest. In circumstances where the Company determined it is the primary beneficiary, consolidation of that entity would be required. For the periods presented, no variable interest entities have been consolidated.

Revenue Recognition The Company records revenue, net of sales tax, when the following five steps have been completed:

•Identification of the contract(s) with a customer

•Identification of the performance obligation(s) in the contract

•Determination of the transaction price

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy performance obligations

The Company records revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of a promised good or service to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for products and services. The Company evaluates the transfer of control primarily from the customer’s perspective where the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from that good or service. The Company does not adjust the transaction price for taxes collected from customers, as those amounts are netted against amounts remitted to government authorities.

The Company enters contracts that include multiple distinct performance obligations, including hardware, software, professional consulting and managed services, payment processing services, installation services and maintenance support services. A promise to a customer is considered distinct when the product or service is both capable of being distinct, and distinct in the context of the contract. For these arrangements, the Company allocates the transaction price, at contract inception, to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the price that the Company charges for that good or service when the Company sells it separately in similar circumstances to similar customers.

For hardware products, control is generally transferred when the customer has the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits of the products, which generally coincides with when the customer has assumed title and risk of loss of the goods sold. In certain instances, customer acceptance is required prior to the passage of title and risk of loss of the delivered products. In such cases, revenue is not recognized until the customer acceptance is obtained. Delivery, acceptance, and transfer of title and risk of loss generally occur in the same reporting period. Hardware products may also be included in an ATM as a service (“ATMaaS”) package and sold in a bundle with managed services. In these ATMaaS contracts, title to the hardware is not transferred to the customer and there is considered to be an embedded lease in the contract. The ATMaaS packages are not separated into lease and non-lease components and the revenue for the entire ATMaaS contract qualifies for accounting and disclosure as a services contract that is recognized over time as services are performed.

Software products may be sold as perpetual licenses or term-based licenses. Perpetual license revenue is recognized at a point in time when control transfers to the customer and is reported within product revenue. Control is typically transferred when the customer takes possession of, or has access to, the software. Term-based license revenue is recognized at a point in time upon the commencement of the committed term of the contract, concurrent with the possession of the license, and reported within product revenue. The committed term of the contract is typicallyone totwo years due to customer termination rights. If the amount of consideration the Company expects to be paid in exchange for the licenses depends on customer usage, revenue is recognized when the usage occurs.

Services revenue includes professional consulting and managed services, payment processing services, installation services and maintenance support services.

Professional consulting primarily consists of software implementation, integration, customization and optimization services. Revenue from professional consulting contracts is recognized when the services are completed or customer acceptance of the service is received, if required.

Under our managed service agreements, the Company provides various forms of services, including monitoring, cash management, cash delivery, customer service, on-screen advertising, processing and other services, under one contract package. The Company typically receives a monthly service fee, fee per transaction, or fee per service provided in return for providing the agreed-upon services. The managed services fees are recognized as the related services are provided to the customers.

Payment processing services include surcharge and other fees paid by cardholders and/or the cardholder’s financial institutions for the use of processing services. Surcharge revenues are recognized daily as the associated transactions are processed. In addition, relative to ATM transactions, the Company typically receives a majority of the interchange fee paid by the cardholder’s financial institution, net of the amount retained by the payment network, and recognizes the net amount received from the network as revenue. Relative to credit card processing, revenue is comprised of fees charged to the Company’s customers, net of interchange fees and assessments charged by the credit card associations and payment networks, which are pass-through charges collected on behalf of the card issuers and payment networks.

For installation services and maintenance services, control is transferred as the services are provided or ratably over the service period, or, if applicable, after customer acceptance of the service. For recurring services that we perform over a contract term, we analyze if the services are performed evenly throughout the term for fixed consideration. If so, we ratably recognize the corresponding consideration over the committed term. Otherwise, we apply the ‘as invoiced’ practical expedient, for performance obligations satisfied over time, if the amount we may invoice corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance to date. This expedient permits us to recognize revenue in the amount we invoice the customer.

The Company also recognizes revenue related to branding arrangements and providing access to the Company’s surcharge-free network and equipment. Customers may be charged on a per transaction basis or a fixed monthly fee. Under these arrangements, the Company is providing a series of distinct services with similar patterns of transfer to the customer. As a result, these arrangements create performance obligations that are satisfied over-time for which the Company has a right to consideration that corresponds directly with the value of the Company’s performance completed to date. In conjunction with these arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue in the amount that it has a right to receive using the ‘as invoiced’ practical expedient described above. Revenues are generally recognized on a ratable basis over the contract term beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer, except for transaction-based fee arrangements which are recognized daily as the transactions are processed. Any up-front fees associated with these arrangements are recognized ratably over the life of the arrangement.

Payment terms with our customers are established based on industry and regional practices and generally do not exceed 30 days. We do not typically include extended payment terms in our contracts with customers. As a practical expedient, we do not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component when we expect, at contract inception, that the period between our transfer of a promised product or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that product or service will be one year or less. If the period between transfer of the promised product or service and payment is more than one year, the Company analyzes whether a significant financing component is present. If so, the Company adjusts the total consideration to reflect the significant financing component.

We account for shipping and handling activities related to contracts with customers as costs to fulfill our promise to transfer the associated products, rather than as a separate performance obligation. Accordingly, we record amounts billed for shipping and handling costs as a component of product revenue, and classify such costs as a component of cost of products.

In addition to the standard product warranty, the Company periodically offers extended warranties to its customers in the form of product maintenance services. For maintenance contracts that have been combined with product contracts, the Company defers revenue at an amount based on the relative standalone selling price, and recognizes the deferred revenue over the service term. For non-combined maintenance contracts, the Company defers the stated amount of the separately priced service and recognizes the deferred revenue over the service term.

Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of contracts for which products have not been delivered or services have not been performed. As of December 31, 2024, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $2.0 billion. The Company expects to recognize revenue on approximately three-quarters of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter. The majority of our professional services are expected to be recognized over the next 12 months but this is contingent upon a number of factors, including customers’ needs and schedules.

The Company has made three elections which affect the value of remaining performance obligations described above. We do not disclose remaining performance obligations for contracts where variable consideration is directly allocated based on usage or when the original expected duration is one year or less. Additionally, we do not disclose remaining performance obligations for contracts where we recognize revenue from the satisfaction of the performance obligation in accordance with the ‘right to invoice’ practical expedient.

Warranty Provisions for product warranties are recorded in the period in which Atleos becomes obligated to honor the related right, which generally is the period in which the related product revenue is recognized. The Company accrues warranty reserves based upon historical factors such as labor rates, average repair time, travel time, number of service calls per machine and cost of replacement parts. When a sale is consummated, a warranty reserve is recorded based upon the estimated cost to provide the service over the warranty period. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had total warranty reserves of $5 million and $9 million, respectively, recorded within Other current liabilities and Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Research and Development Costs Research and development costs primarily include payroll and benefit-related costs, contractor fees, facilities costs, infrastructure costs, and administrative expenses directly related to research and development support and are expensed as incurred, except certain software development costs are capitalized after technological feasibility of the software is established.

Advertising Advertising costs are recognized in selling, general and administrative expenses when incurred.

Stock-based Compensation Stock-based compensation awards, classified as equity awards, are measured at grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award to be recognized over the requisite service period. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Prior to the Separation, the Consolidated Statements of Operations include all stock-based compensation expenses directly attributable to Atleos employees, as well as an allocation of any stock-based compensation expenses related to NCR corporate and other shared employees. See Note 8, “Stock Compensation Plans”, for further information.

Income Taxes Income tax expense is provided based on income before income taxes. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are anticipated to be settled or realized.

We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies. Projected future taxable income is based on our expected results and assumptions as to the jurisdiction in which the income will be earned. The expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences is based on current tax law and our tax methods of accounting.

If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income, or if there is a material change in the actual effective tax rates or the time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, or if the tax laws change unfavorably, then we could be required to increase our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, resulting in an increase in our effective tax rate.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and are accrued beginning in the period that such interest and penalties would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.

Segment Reporting The Company evaluated segment reporting in accordance with ASC 280, Segment Reporting, and concluded that Atleos is comprised ofthree operating segments. This conclusion is based on the discrete operating results regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to assess the performance of the business and to make resource allocations. These three operating segments also represent ourthree reportable segments: (i) Self-Service Banking, (ii) Network and (iii) Telecommunications & Technology (“T&T”). See Note 4, “Segment Information and Concentrations”, for further information.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash All short-term, highly liquid investments having original maturities of three months or less, including time deposits, are considered to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has restricted cash on deposit with a bank as collateral for letters of credit as well as cash included in settlement processing assets.

The reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows is as follows:

Supplemental cash flow information External interest paid in cash was $271 million and $36 million for fiscal years 2024 and 2023, respectively. Related party interest paid in cash was $36 million and $55 million for fiscal years 2023 and 2022, respectively. Income taxes paid in cash were $54 million, $69 million, and $32 million for fiscal years 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

ATM Cash Management Program Our business includes the operation of ATMs under Company-owned ATM placements, merchant-owned ATM placements, and managed services. The Company relies on arrangements with various banks to provide the cash that it uses to fill its Company-owned, and in some cases merchant-owned and managed services ATMs. The Company refers to such cash as “vault cash.” The Company pays a monthly rental fee based on the average outstanding vault cash balance, as well as fees related to the bundling and preparation of such cash prior to it being loaded in the ATMs. At all times, beneficial ownership of the cash is retained by the vault cash providers and the Company has no right or access to the cash except for the ATMs that are serviced by the Company’s wholly-owned cash-in-transit operations in the United Kingdom. While the United Kingdom cash-in-transit operations have physical access to the cash loaded in the ATMs, beneficial ownership of that cash remains with the vault cash provider at all times. The Company’s vault cash arrangements expire at various times through March 2029. Based on the foregoing, the ATM vault cash, and the related obligations, are not reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The average outstanding vault cash balance in the Company’s ATMs for the year ended December 31, 2024 was approximately $4.0 billion.

Accounts Receivable, net Accounts receivable, net includes amounts billed and currently due from customers as well as amounts unbilled that typically result from sales under contracts where revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer and where the Company has an unconditional right to consideration. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value.

The components of accounts receivable are summarized as follows:

Allowance for Credit Losses on Accounts Receivable Allowances for credit losses on accounts receivable are recognized when reasonable and supportable forecasts affect the expected collectability. This requires us to make our best estimate of the current expected losses inherent in our accounts receivable at each balance sheet date. These estimates require consideration of historical loss experience, adjusted for current conditions, forward looking indicators, trends in customer payment frequency and judgments about the probable effects of relevant observable data, including present and future economic conditions and the financial health of specific customers and market sectors. This policy is applied consistently among all of our operating segments. We continue to evaluate our reserves in light of the age and quality of our outstanding accounts receivable as well as risks to specific industries or countries and adjust the reserves accordingly.

The allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $15 million and $14 million, respectively. For the years ending December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company recorded expenses ofnone, $2 million, and $8 million, respectively. For the years ending December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company recorded immaterial write-offs against the allowance. Additionally, the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2024 includes approximately $3 million related to other accounts receivable balances not transferred to Atleos as of December 31, 2023 due to delays in local processes of setting up certain Atleos legal entities. These entities were legally transferred to the Company during the first quarter of 2024. Prior to the Separation, this amount was included within Atleos’ allowance for credit losses under carve-out methodology.

Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the average cost method. Cost includes materials, labor and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. Service parts are included in inventories and include reworkable and non-reworkable service parts. The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand, future purchase commitments with suppliers and the estimated utility of inventory. If the review indicates a reduction in utility below carrying value, inventory is reduced to a new cost basis. Excess and obsolete write-offs are established based on forecasted usage, orders, technological obsolescence and inventory aging. In connection with the Spin-off, management re-evaluated these assumptions, recording an increase to the inventory reserves of $41 million as of December 31, 2023 to adjust the value of inventory.

Contract Assets and Liabilities Contract assets include unbilled amounts where the right to payment is not solely subject to the passage of time. Amounts may not exceed their net realizable value. Contract liabilities consist of advance payments, billings in excess of revenue recognized and deferred revenue.

Our contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. If the net position is a contract asset, the current portion is included in Other current assets and the non-current portion is included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. If the net position is a contract liability, the current portion is included in Contract liabilities and the non-current portion is included in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, no contracts were in a net asset position.

The following table presents the net contract liability balances as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company recognized $259 million, $245 million, and $251 million, respectively, in revenue that was included in contract liabilities as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

Deferred Commissions Our incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which consist of certain sales commissions, are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of expected benefit. We determined the period of expected benefit by taking into consideration customer contracts, the estimated life of the customer relationship, including renewals when the renewal commission is not commensurate with the initial commission, the expected life of the underlying technology and other factors. We classify deferred commissions as current or non-current based on the timing of when we expect to recognize the expense. The current and non-current portions of deferred commissions are included in Other current assets and Other assets, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of deferred commissions is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Settlement Processing Assets and Obligations Funds settlement refers to the process of transferring funds for sales and credits between card issuers and merchants or financial institutions. The debit network is used to transfer the information and funds in either direction between the sponsoring bank and card issuing bank to complete the link between merchants or financial institutions and card issuers. In certain of our processing arrangements, merchant funding occurs after the sponsoring bank or the Company receives the funds from the card issuer through the card networks, creating a settlement obligation to the merchant or financial institution on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. In a limited number of other arrangements, the sponsoring bank funds the merchants before it receives the net settlement funds from the card networks, creating a settlement asset on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Settlement processing assets consist of settlement assets due from customers and receivables from merchants corresponding to the discount fee related to reimbursement of the interchange expense, our receivables from the processing bank or Electronic Funds Transfer (“EFT”) network for transactions that have occurred and have been funded to merchants or financial institutions in advance of receipt of card association funding, restricted cash balances that are not yet due to merchants or financial institutions, merchant reserves held, sponsoring bank reserves and exception items, such as customer chargeback amounts receivable from merchants. Settlement processing obligations consist primarily of merchant reserves, our liability to the processing bank or merchant for transactions for which we have received funding from the members or networks but have not funded merchants or financial institutions as well as certain exception items. Settlement processing assets other than restricted cash are recorded within Other current assets and settlement processing liabilities are recorded within Settlement liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Cash related to settlement processing is recorded within Restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, settlement processing assets were $235 million and $271 million, respectively, including restricted cash of $210 million and $231 million, respectively, and settlement processing liabilities were $156 million and $218 million, respectively.

Capitalized Software Certain direct development costs associated with internal-use software are capitalized within Other assets and amortized over the estimated useful lives of the resulting software. Atleos typically amortizes capitalized internal-use software on a straight-line basis over three toseven years beginning when the asset is substantially ready for use, as this is considered to approximate the usage pattern of the software. When it becomes probable that internal-use software being developed will not be completed or placed into service, the internal-use software is reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value.

Costs incurred for the development of software that will be sold, leased or otherwise marketed are capitalized when technological feasibility has been established. These costs are included within Other assets and are amortized on a sum-of-the-years’ digits or straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ranging from three tofive years, using the method that most closely approximates the sales pattern of the software. Amortization begins when the product is available for general release. Costs capitalized include direct labor and related overhead costs. Costs incurred prior to technological feasibility or after general release are expensed as incurred. The Company performs periodic reviews to ensure that unamortized program costs remain recoverable from future revenue. If future revenue does not support the unamortized program costs, the amount by which the unamortized capitalized cost of a software product exceeds the net realizable value is written off.

The following table identifies the activity relating to total capitalized software which primarily relate to software that will be sold, leased or otherwise marketed:

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter or more frequently if certain events occur indicating that the carrying value of goodwill may be impaired. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include a decline in expected cash flows, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, a decision to sell a business, unanticipated competition, or slower growth rates, among others.

In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, we have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary or to perform a quantitative assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. Under the qualitative assessment, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. If, under the quantitative assessment, the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the amount of the impairment loss, if any, is determined based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value up to the total value of goodwill assigned to the reporting unit. Fair values of the reporting units are estimated using a weighted methodology considering the output from both the income and market approaches. The income approach incorporates the use of discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis. A number of significant assumptions and estimates are involved in the application of the DCF model to forecast operating cash flows, including revenue growth rates, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) margin and discount rates. Several of these assumptions vary among reporting units. The cash flow forecasts are generally based on approved strategic operating plans. The market approach is performed using the Guideline Public Companies (“GPC”) method which is based on earnings multiple data. We perform a reconciliation between our market capitalization and our estimate of the aggregate fair value of the reporting units, including consideration of a control premium. Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets”, for further information.

Acquired intangible assets other than goodwill are amortized over their weighted average amortization period unless they are determined to be indefinite. Acquired intangible assets are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. For intangible assets purchased in a business combination, the estimated fair values of the assets received are used to establish the carrying value. The fair value of acquired intangible assets is determined using common techniques, and the Company employs assumptions developed using the perspective of a market participant. The Company makes judgments about the recoverability of intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist. If such facts and circumstances exist, the Company assess the recoverability by comparing projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets over their remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts. Impairments, if any, are based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. If the useful life is shorter than originally estimated, the Company would accelerate the rate of amortization and amortize the remaining carrying value over the new shorter useful life. For further discussion of identified intangible assets, see Note 3, “Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets”.

Through the acquisition of Moon Inc., dba LibertyX, the Company began buying and selling Bitcoin. The Company records owned Bitcoin as an indefinite lived intangible in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other.

Property, Plant and Equipment, net Property, plant and equipment, net are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the related assets primarily on a straight-line basis. Buildings are depreciated over 25 to 45 years, machinery and other equipment are depreciated over 3 to 20 years, and leasehold improvements are depreciated over the life of the lease or the asset, whichever is shorter. Upon retirement or disposition of property, plant and equipment, the related cost and accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the Company’s accounts, and a gain or loss is recorded. For the years ending December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $139 million, $126 million, and $127 million, respectively, in depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment.

Also reported in property and equipment are ATMs and the associated equipment the Company has acquired for future installation or has temporarily removed from service and plans to re-deploy. Significant refurbishment costs that extend the useful life of an asset, or enhance its functionality, are capitalized and depreciated over the estimated remaining life of the improved asset. Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets Long-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment and finite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable or in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met. For assets held and used, this analysis consists of comparing the asset’s carrying value to the expected future cash flows to be generated from the asset on an undiscounted basis. If the carrying amount of the asset is determined not to be recoverable, a write-down to fair value is recorded. Fair values are determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows, or external appraisals, as applicable. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at the individual asset or the asset group level for which the lowest level of independent cash flows can be identified. Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets”, for further information.

Leasing The Company determines whether an arrangement is a lease at the inception of the arrangement based on the terms and conditions in the contract. A contract contains a lease if there is an identified asset and the Company has the right to control the asset.

Lessee We lease property, vehicles and equipment under operating and financing leases. For leases with terms greater than twelve months, we record the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. We determine the lease term by assuming the exercise of renewal options that are reasonably certain. Leases with a lease term of twelve months or less at inception are not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our leases may include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into our determination of lease payments when appropriate. When available, we use the rate implicit in the lease to discount lease payments to present value; however, most of our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our incremental borrowing rate to discount the lease payments based on information available at lease commencement. Our incremental borrowing rate is based on a credit-adjusted risk-free rate at commencement date, which best approximates a secured rate over a similar term of lease. Additionally, we do not separate lease and non-lease components for any asset classes, except for those leases embedded in certain service arrangements. Fixed and in-substance fixed payments are included in the recognition of the operating and financing assets and lease liabilities, however, variable lease payments, other than those based on a rate or index, are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. The Company’s variable lease payments generally relate to payments tied to various indices, non-lease components and payments above a contractual minimum fixed payment.

Lessor We have arrangements for various international office and warehouse spaces under which we are lessor. These leases meet the criteria for operating lease classification. Lease income associated with these leases is not material.

Sublease Agreements The Company entered into various sublease agreements with Voyix and others for corporate offices including, but not limited to, Atleos Headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. Lease income associated with these subleases is not material.

Pension, Postemployment and Postretirement Benefits Certain of the Company’s employees, former employees, and retirees participate in pension, postretirement and postemployment plans sponsored by the Company. Prior to Separation, these plans were sponsored by NCR (“Shared Plans”) or the Company (“Dedicated Plans”); however, before the Spin-off, NCR transferred certain assets and liabilities to Atleos, including, but not limited to, the United States pension, postemployment, and postretirement plans.

Pension, postemployment and postretirement benefit costs are developed from actuarial valuations. Actuarial assumptions are established to anticipate future events and are used in calculating the expense and liabilities relating to these plans. These factors include assumptions the Company makes about interest rates, expected investment return on plan assets, rate of increase in healthcare costs, involuntary turnover rates, and rates of future compensation increases. In addition, subjective factors, such as withdrawal rates and mortality rates are used to develop the plan’s valuations. These assumptions are reviewed and updated on an annual basis. The actuarial assumptions used may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates, or longer or shorter life spans of participants. These differences may result in a significant impact to the amount of pension, postemployment and postretirement benefits expense, and the related assets and liabilities, the Company has recorded or may record.

Prior to the Spin-off, the Company accounted for the Shared Plans as multiemployer plans and therefore the related assets and liabilities were not reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Operations reflects a proportional allocation of service costs for the Shared Plans associated with the Company. These costs are considered to have been settled with NCR at the time of allocation of these expenses to the Company.

Following the transfer of these plans to Atleos in connection with the Spin-off, all pension, postemployment, and postretirement plans are considered Dedicated Plans whereby the Company accounts for the Dedicated Plans as single employer plans with the net funded status of the plans recognized as an asset or liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Legal Contingencies In the normal course of business, we are subject to various proceedings, lawsuits, claims and other matters, including, for example, those that relate to the environment and health and safety, labor and employment, employee benefits, import/export compliance, patents or other intellectual property, data privacy and security, product liability, commercial disputes and regulatory compliance, among others. Additionally, we are subject to diverse and complex laws and regulations, including those relating to corporate governance, public disclosure and reporting, environmental safety and the discharge of materials into the environment, product safety, import and export compliance, data privacy and security, antitrust and competition, government contracting, anti-corruption, and labor and human resources, which are rapidly changing and subject to many possible changes in the future. Compliance with these laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards, taxation requirements and federal securities laws, among others, may create a substantial burden on, and substantially increase costs to us or could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, capital expenditures, competitive position, financial condition or cash flows and there can be no assurances that the actual amounts required to comply with applicable laws and regulations will not exceed the amounts reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth herein. The Company has reflected all liabilities when a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Any costs that may be incurred in excess of those amounts provided as of December 31, 2024 cannot currently be reasonably determined or are not currently considered probable. Legal fees and expenses related to loss contingencies are typically expensed as incurred.

Asset Retirement Obligations (“ARO”) The Company estimates the fair value of future ARO expenditures associated with the costs to deinstall its ATMs, and in some cases, restore the ATM sites to their original condition. ARO estimates are based on a number of assumptions, including: (i) the types of ATMs that are installed, (ii) the relative mix where the ATMs are installed (i.e., whether such ATMs are located in single-merchant locations or in locations associated with large, geographically-dispersed retail chains), (iii) whether the Company will ultimately be required to refurbish the merchant store locations upon the removal of the related ATMs, and (iv) the timing of the estimated ARO payments. The Company recognizes the fair value of future ARO expenditures as a liability on a pooled basis based on the estimated deinstallation dates in the period in which it is incurred and can be reasonably estimated. The Company’s fair value estimates for ARO related liabilities generally involves discounting expected future cash flows based on the historical experience of deinstallation. ARO costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset and depreciated over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is based on the average time period that an ATM is installed in a location before being deinstalled. Subsequent to recognizing the initial liability, the Company recognizes an ongoing expense for changes in such liabilities due to the passage of time (i.e., accretion expense), which is recorded in Cost of services in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As the liability is not revalued on a recurring basis, it is periodically reviewed for reasonableness based on current machine count and updated cost estimates to deinstall ATMs. Upon settlement of the liability, the Company recognizes a gain or loss for any difference between the settlement amount and the liability recorded, which is recorded in Cost of services in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had total ARO of $68 million and $73 million, respectively, recorded within Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Foreign Currency For many of the Company’s international operations, the local currency is designated as the functional currency. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. Dollars at year-end exchange rates, and revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Currency translation adjustments from local functional currency countries resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded in Other comprehensive income (loss). Remeasurement adjustments are recorded in Other (expense) income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Derivative Instruments In the normal course of business, the Company enters into various financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments. The Company accounts for derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and recognizes the resulting gains or losses as adjustments to earnings or other comprehensive income (loss). For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company formally documents the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Hedging activities are transacted only with highly rated institutions, reducing exposure to credit risk in the event of nonperformance. Additionally, the Company completes assessments related to the risk of counterparty nonperformance on a regular basis.

The accounting for changes in fair value of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship, and further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, the Company has designated the hedging instrument, based on the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. For derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges, the effective portion of the hedge is recorded as an offset to the change in the fair value of the hedged item, and the ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. For derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges and determined to be highly effective, the gains or losses are deferred in Other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in the determination of income as adjustments of carrying amounts when the underlying hedged transaction is realized, canceled or otherwise terminated. When hedging certain foreign currency transactions of a long-term investment nature (net investments in foreign operations), gains and losses are recorded in the currency translation adjustment component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). Gains and losses on foreign exchange contracts that are not used to hedge currency transactions of a long-term investment nature, or that are not designated as cash flow or fair value hedges, are recognized in Other (expense) income, netin the Consolidated Statements of Operations as exchange rates change.

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing an amount that would be received to sell an asset or the amount paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into the following three-tier fair value hierarchy:

•Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

•Level 2: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly

•Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data

Assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy classification on a quarterly basis. Changes to the observability of valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels for certain securities within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company measures its financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques:

•Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.

•Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

•Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option pricing and excess earnings models).

We regularly review our investments to determine whether a decline in fair value, if any, below the cost basis is other than temporary. If the decline in the fair value is determined to be other than temporary, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value and the amount of the write-down is included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. For qualifying investments in debt or equity securities, a temporary impairment charge would be recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).

Noncontrolling Interests in Subsidiaries Ownership interests in the Company’s subsidiaries held by parties other than us are presented separately as Noncontrolling interests within equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of net income attributable to the Company and the noncontrolling interests are both presented on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The activity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements in fiscal 2024

In January 2025, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 122 (“SAB 122”), which rescinds the interpretive guidance in the Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 (“SAB 121”) for reporting entities that have an obligation to safeguard customers’ crypto assets. Under SAB 121, entities were required to recognize both a liability and a corresponding asset for their safeguarding obligations. With the new guidance, an entity that has a safeguarding obligation should assess whether it has any loss contingencies under ASC 450, Contingencies. SAB 122 must be applied retrospectively for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with an early adoption permitted in any interim or annual financial statement filed with the SEC on or after January 30, 2025. The Company is not currently offering digital asset safeguarding services to its customers and the adoption of this new guidance did not have an impact on its net income, cash flows, earnings per share or financial condition.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through additional disclosures about significant segment expenses on an interim and annual basis. Additionally, it requires a public entity to disclose the title and position of the chief operating decision maker. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements unless impracticable. The adoption of this accounting standards update did not have an effect on the Company’s net income, cash flows or financial condition.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements in fiscal 2023

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting standards update (“ASU”) 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, with new guidance for contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination. The new guidance requires contract assets and contract liabilities, such as deferred revenue, acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Prior to the issuance of this guidance, contract assets and contract liabilities were recognized by the acquirer at fair value on the acquisition date. The accounting standards update is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted and should be applied prospectively to acquisitions occurring on or after the effective date. The adoption of this accounting standards update did not have a material effect on the Company’s net income, cash flows or financial condition.

Although there are several other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB and adopted by or effective for the Company, the Company does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements had a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). This ASU requires disclosure in the notes to financial statements, at each interim and annual reporting period, of specified information about certain costs and expenses including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. Also required is a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated. This ASU is effective for all public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The disclosure requirements will be applied on a prospective basis, with the option to apply them retrospectively. The Company is in the process of evaluating these new disclosure requirements and the impact of adoption.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets, which requires entities that hold crypto assets to subsequently measure such assets at fair value with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. The guidance also requires crypto assets measured at fair value to be presented separately from other intangible assets on the balance sheet and changes in the fair value measurement of crypto assets to be presented separately on the income statement from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures as the Company generally does not carry a material amount of Bitcoin or other forms of crypto assets.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires more detailed income tax disclosures. The guidance requires entities to disclose disaggregated information about their effective tax rate reconciliation as well as expanded information on income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The disclosure requirements will be applied on a prospective basis, with the option to apply them retrospectively. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard on the related disclosures.

Although there are several other new accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB and not yet adopted by or effective for the Company, the Company does not believe any of these accounting pronouncements will have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

2023 ACQUISITION

Acquisition of AMS

On July 1, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of the AMS Banking Business (“AMS”) from Altron TMT Proprietary Limited for cash consideration of approximately $1 million. Consistent with the requirements of ASC 805, Business Combinations, the Company assessed whether all assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been appropriately identified, measured and recognized, and performed re-measurements to verify that the consideration paid, assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been properly valued. After applying the requirement of ASC 805-30-25-4, the Company recognized a gain on bargain purchase for the year ended December 31, 2024 as the estimated fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired exceeded the purchase consideration transferred by approximately $5 million, reflected in Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The acquisition did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements nor did the Company incur material transaction costs.

2022 ACQUISITION

Acquisition of LibertyX

On January 5, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of Moon Inc., dba LibertyX, a leading cryptocurrency software provider, with the goal of enabling Atleos to provide digital currency solutions, including the ability to buy and sell Bitcoin, and conduct cross-border remittance. All of the outstanding shares of LibertyX were purchased for $1 million cash consideration and approximately 1.4 million shares of NCR’s common stock at a price of $42.13 per share. Also, approximately 0.2 million outstanding unvested LibertyX option awards were converted into NCR awards pursuant to an exchange ratio as defined in the acquisition agreement. LibertyX stock option awards were converted into NCR stock option awards with an exercise price per share for option awards equal to the exercise price per share of such stock option award immediately prior to the completion of the acquisition divided by the exchange ratio, and vested immediately. The value of the option awards was deemed attributable to services already rendered and was included as a portion of the purchase price. Total purchase consideration for the LibertyX acquisition was approximately $69 million.

Recording of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed The fair value of consideration transferred was allocated to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values as of the date of the acquisition as set forth below. The amounts for intangible assets are based on third-party valuations performed. The final allocation of the purchase price is as follows:

The Company utilized various methods of the income, cost, and market approaches depending on the asset or liability being fair valued to determine the allocation of purchase price. The estimation of fair value required significant judgment related to future net cash flows (including revenue growth rate, EBITDA margins, and customer attrition), discount rates reflecting the risk inherent in each cash flow stream, competitive trends, market comparables, and other factors. Inputs were generally determined by taking into account historical data (supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions) and growth rates.

Direct customer relationships and technology software were valued using an excess earnings method. Significant assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis for (i) direct customer relationships were the revenue growth rate, customer attrition rate, and discount rate, and (ii) technology software were the revenue growth rate, EBITDA margins, and discount rate.

Goodwill represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually separately recognized. The goodwill arising from the acquisition consists of revenue and cost synergies expected from combining the operations of Atleos and LibertyX and is not deductible for tax purposes. The goodwill arising from the LibertyX acquisition has been allocated to our Network segment. Refer to Note 3, “Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets”, for the carrying amounts of goodwill by segment.

The following table sets forth the components of the intangible assets acquired as of the acquisition date:

(1)Determination of the weighted average period of the individual categories of intangible assets was based on the nature of applicable intangible asset and the expected future cash flows to be derived from the intangible asset. Amortization of intangible assets with definite lives is recognized over the period of time the assets are expected to contribute to future cash flows.

The operating results of LibertyX have been included within the Company’s results since the closing date of the acquisition. Supplemental pro forma information and actual revenue and earnings since the acquisition date have not been provided as the acquisition did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In connection with the closing of the LibertyX acquisition, the Company did not incur material transaction costs.

Acquisition of FIS Payment Solutions

On July 1, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of the India ATM business of FIS Payment Solutions & Services Private Limited for consideration of $19 million, of which $12 million was paid in cash in 2022. The remaining consideration, net of working capital adjustments, was paid in 2024. The India ATM business acquisition did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In connection with the closing of the FIS Payment Solutions acquisition, the Company did not incur material transaction costs.

3. GOODWILL AND PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill by Segment The carrying amounts of goodwill by segment as of December 31 are included in the table below. Foreign currency fluctuations are included within other adjustments.

(1)The carrying amount of goodwill for the Self-Service Banking segment is presented net of accumulated impairment losses of $16 million as of each period end.

As discussed in Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies”, management completed the annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of 2024. The Company elected to perform a qualitative assessment for the Self-Service Banking reporting unit and a quantitative assessment for the Network reporting unit.

The qualitative assessment included, but was not limited to, our consideration of macroeconomic conditions such as the conflicts in and around the Red Sea region, higher interest rates, foreign currency fluctuations, and significant cost inflation to the current year cash flows, the potential impacts to future cash flows as well as the excess of the fair value over the carrying value from the assessment performed during the fourth quarter of 2023. Based on the qualitative assessment completed for the annual goodwill impairment test of the Self-Service Banking reporting unit, it was determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of this reporting unit was in excess of its carrying value. However, if the actual results differ from our expectations, there is a possibility we would have to perform an interim test in 2025, which could lead to an impairment of goodwill for the Self-Service Banking reporting unit.

For the quantitative assessment, the fair value of the Network reporting unit was estimated using a weighted methodology considering the output from both the income and market approaches. The income approach incorporates the use of discounted cash flow analysis. A number of significant assumptions and estimates are involved in the application of the discounted cash flow model to forecast operating cash flows, including revenue growth rates, EBITDA margin and discount rates. The market approach is performed using the guideline public company method which is based on earnings multiple data of peer companies.

Based on the quantitative assessment completed for the annual goodwill impairment test of the Network reporting unit, the Company determined the fair value of this reporting unit was greater than its carrying value by more than 20%. Assumptions used in the quantitative impairment testing are made at a point in time and require significant judgment; therefore, they are subject to change based on the facts and circumstances present at each annual and interim impairment test date. Additionally, these assumptions are generally interdependent and do not change in isolation. Some of the inherent estimates and assumptions used in determining fair value of the reporting units are outside the control of management, including interest rates, cost of capital, tax rates, market revenue and EBITDA comparables and credit ratings. While we believe we have made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit, it is possible a material change could occur. If our actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions used to calculate fair value, it could result in material impairment of goodwill for the Network reporting unit.

Identifiable Intangible Assets The Company’s purchased intangible assets, reported in Intangibles, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, were specifically identified when acquired, and are deemed to have finite lives. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for the Company’s identifiable intangible assets were as set forth in the table below.

Amortization expense related to identifiable intangible assets was $95 million, $98 million, and $100 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

The aggregate estimated amortization expense for identifiable intangible assets for the following periods is:

4. SEGMENT INFORMATION AND CONCENTRATIONS

The Company is organized primarily based on its operating model, management structure and organizational responsibilities. The Company manages and reports its operations in the following three segments: Self-Service Banking, Network, and Telecommunications & Technology (“T&T”). Resources are allocated and segment performance is assessed by our President and Chief Executive Officer, whom we have determined to be our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The following is a description of our reportable segments:

•Self-Service Banking—Offers solutions to enable customers in the financial services industry to reduce costs, generate new revenue streams and enhance customer loyalty. These solutions include a comprehensive line of ATM hardware and software, and related installation, maintenance, and managed and professional services. We also offer an ATM as a service (“ATMaaS”) solution to manage and run the ATM channel end-to-end for financial institutions that include back office, cash management, software management and ATM deployment, among others.

•Network—Provides a cost-effective way for financial institutions, fintechs, neobanks, and retailers to reach and serve their customers through our network of ATMs and multi-functioning financial services kiosks. We offer credit unions, banks, digital banks, fintechs, stored-value debit card issuers, and other consumer financial services providers access to our ATM network, including our proprietary Allpoint network, providing convenient and fee-free cash withdrawal and deposit access to their customers and cardholders as well as the ability to convert a digital value to cash, or vice versa, via ReadyCode (formerly Pay360). We also provide ATM branding solutions to financial institutions, ATM management and services to retailers and other businesses, and our LibertyX solution gives consumers the ability to buy and sell Bitcoin.

•T&T—Offers managed network and infrastructure services to enterprise clients across all industries via direct relationships with communications service providers and technology manufacturers. Our customers rely on us as a strategic partner to help them reduce complexity, improve cost efficiency, and enable global geographical reach. We deliver expert professional, field, and remote services for modern network technologies including Software-Defined Wide Area Networking, Network Functions Virtualization, Wireless Local Area Networks, Optical Networking, and Edge Networks.

Corporate income and expenses not allocated to segments includes income and expenses related to corporate functions and certain allocations from NCR prior to Separation that are not specifically attributable to an individual reportable segment. Other income and expenses not allocated to segments includes certain other immaterial business operations, including commerce-related operations in countries that Voyix exited that are aligned to Atleos, that do not represent a reportable segment. For periods after the separation from Voyix, Other also includes revenues from commercial agreements with Voyix.

These segments represent components of the Company for which separate financial information is available that is utilized on a regular basis by the CODM in assessing segment performance and in allocating the Company’s resources. Management evaluates the performance of the segments and allocates resources to them based on revenue and Adjusted EBITDA. Atleos determines Adjusted EBITDA based on GAAP net income (loss) attributable to Atleos plus interest expense, net; plus income tax expense (benefit); plus depreciation and amortization; plus acquisition-related costs; plus pension mark-to-market adjustments, pension settlements, pension curtailments and pension special termination benefits; plus separation-related costs; plus transformation and restructuring charges (which includes integration, severance and other exit and disposal costs); plus stock-based compensation expense; plus Voyix legal and environmental indemnification expense; plus other special (expense) income items. These adjustments are considered non-operational or non-recurring in nature and are excluded from the Adjusted EBITDA metric utilized by our CODM in evaluating segment performance.

The CODM uses segment Adjusted EBITDA in the annual budgeting and forecasting process for all segments. The CODM considers budget-to-actual variances on a monthly basis for its profit measure when making decisions about allocating capital and personnel to the segments.

Assets are not allocated to segments, and thus are not included in the assessment of segment performance. Consequently, we do not disclose total assets by reportable segment.

The accounting policies used to determine the results of the operating segments are the same as those utilized for the Consolidated Financial Statements as a whole. Inter-segment sales and transfers are not material.

Special Item Related to Russia The war in Eastern Europe and related sanctions imposed on Russia and related actors by the United States and other jurisdictions required us to commence the orderly wind down of our operations in Russia beginning in the first quarter of 2022. We ceased operations in Russia in 2022 and have completed the liquidation of our only subsidiary in Russia. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2022, our presentation of segment revenue and Adjusted EBITDA excludes the immaterial impact of our operating results in Russia, as well as the impact of impairments taken to write down the carrying value of assets and liabilities, severance charges, and the assessment of collectability on revenue recognition. We consider this to be a non-recurring special item and management has reviewed the results of its business segments excluding these impacts.

The following tables present revenue, significant segment expenses and Adjusted EBITDA by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

(1) Other revenue represents certain other immaterial business operations, including commerce-related operations in countries that Voyix exited that are aligned to Atleos, that do not represent a reportable segment. For periods after the separation from Voyix, Other also includes revenues from commercial agreements with Voyix.

(2) Adjusted cost of products, Adjusted cost of services and Adjusted SG&A and R&D expenses are determined by excluding, as applicable: acquisitions related costs; pension settlements, pension curtailments and pension special termination benefits; separation-related costs; amortization of acquisition-related intangibles; transformation and restructuring charges (which includes integration, severance and other exit and disposal costs); and other special (expense) income items from Atleos’ costs of products, costs of services, selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”), and research and development expenses (“R&D”) as presented on the statement of operations. These amounts are presented consistent with how they are viewed by the CODM. The costs are calculated consistent with Atleos’ definition of Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s measure of segment profit or loss, with the exception that these amounts include depreciation and amortization expense. Atleos believes these measures are useful for investors because they may provide a more complete understanding of Atleos’ underlying operational performance, as well as consistency and comparability with Atleos’ past reports of financial results.

(3)Other segment items include an adjustment for depreciation and amortization expense to reconcile segment results to Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s segment measure of profit or loss.

(4) Represents Atleos’ indemnification of certain costs shared with Voyix, related to investigatory and remedial activities, and related litigation, at facilities formerly owned or operated by Voyix to comply, or determine compliance, with environmental laws. Refer to Note 10, “Commitments and Contingencies”, for further details on the Shared Environmental Matters.

(1) Other revenue represents certain other immaterial business operations, including commerce-related operations in countries that Voyix exited that are aligned to Atleos, that do not represent a reportable segment. For periods after the separation from Voyix, Other also includes revenues from commercial agreements with Voyix.

(2) Adjusted cost of products, Adjusted cost of services and Adjusted SG&A and R&D expenses are determined by excluding, as applicable: acquisitions related costs; pension settlements, pension curtailments and pension special termination benefits; separation-related costs; amortization of acquisition-related intangibles; transformation and restructuring charges (which includes integration, severance and other exit and disposal costs); and other special (expense) income items from Atleos’ costs of products, costs of services, selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”), and research and development expenses (“R&D”) as presented on the statement of operations. These amounts are presented consistent with how they are viewed by the CODM. The costs are calculated consistent with Atleos’ definition of Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s measure of segment profit or loss, with the exception that these amounts include depreciation and amortization expense. Atleos believes these measures are useful for investors because they may provide a more complete understanding of Atleos’ underlying operational performance, as well as consistency and comparability with Atleos’ past reports of financial results.

(3)Other segment items include an adjustment for depreciation and amortization expense to reconcile segment results to Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s segment measure of profit or loss.

(4) Includes Related party interest expense, net, as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

(1) Other revenue represents certain other immaterial business operations, including commerce-related operations in countries that Voyix exited that are aligned to Atleos, that do not represent a reportable segment.

(2) Other adjustment reflects the revenue attributable to the Company’s operations in Russia that were excluded from management’s measure of revenue due to our announcement to suspend sales to Russia and anticipated orderly wind down of our operations in Russia.

(3) Adjusted cost of products, Adjusted cost of services and Adjusted SG&A and R&D expenses are determined by excluding, as applicable: acquisitions related costs; pension settlements, pension curtailments and pension special termination benefits; amortization of acquisition-related intangibles; transformation and restructuring charges (which includes integration, severance and other exit and disposal costs); and other special (expense) income items from Atleos’ costs of products, costs of services, selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”), and research and development expenses (“R&D”) as presented on the Statement of Operations. These amounts are presented consistent with how they are viewed by the CODM. The costs are calculated consistent with Atleos’ definition of Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s measure of segment profit or loss, with the exception that these amounts include depreciation and amortization expense. Atleos believes these measures are useful for investors because they may provide a more complete understanding of Atleos’ underlying operational performance, as well as consistency and comparability with Atleos’ past reports of financial results.

(4)Other segment items include an adjustment for depreciation and amortization expense to reconcile segment results to Adjusted EBITDA, which is management’s segment measure of profit or loss.

The following table presents recurring revenue and all other products and services that is recognized at a point in time for Atleos for the years ended December 31:

Recurring revenue includes all revenue streams from contracts where there is a predictable revenue pattern that will occur at regular intervals with a relatively high degree of certainty. This includes hardware and software maintenance revenue, processing revenue, interchange and network revenue, Bitcoin-related revenue, and certain professional services arrangements, as well as term-based software license arrangements that include customer termination rights.

Revenue is attributed to the geographic area to which the product is delivered or in which the service is provided. The following table presents revenue by geographic area for Atleos for the years ended December 31:

The following table presents property, plant and equipment by geographic area as of December 31:

Concentrations No single customer accounts for more than 10% of Atleos’ consolidated revenue and accounts receivable as of and for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, Atleos is not aware of any significant concentration of business transacted with a particular customer that could, if suddenly eliminated, have a material adverse effect on Atleos’ operations. Atleos also lacks a concentration of available sources of labor, services, licenses or other rights that could, if suddenly eliminated, have a material adverse effect on its operations.

A number of Atleos’ products, systems and solutions rely primarily on specific suppliers for microprocessors and other component products, manufactured assemblies, operating systems, commercial software and other central components. Atleos also utilizes contract manufacturers in order to complete manufacturing activities. There can be no assurances that any sudden impact to the availability or cost of these technologies or services would not have a material adverse effect on Atleos’ operations.

5. DEBT OBLIGATIONS

The following table summarizes the Company’s short-term borrowings and long-term debt:

(1) Interest rates are weighted average interest rates as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Senior Secured Credit Facility The Company is party to a Credit Agreement, dated as of September 27, 2023, which provides for (i) afive-year senior secured Term Loan A facility in an aggregate principal amount of$835 million (the “Term Loan A Facility”, and the loans thereunder the “Term A-1 Loans”), (ii) a five and a half-year senior secured Term Loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of$750 million (the “Term Loan B Facility”), and (iii)afive-year multicurrency revolving credit facility with commitments in an initial aggregate principal amount of$500 million (including (a) letters of credit sub-facility in an aggregate face amount of up to $75 million and (b) a sub-facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200 million for borrowings and Letters of Credit in certain agreed foreign currencies).

On October 17, 2024, Atleos entered into the First Amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 27, 2023, by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries from time to time party thereto, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) (the “Credit Agreement” and, as amended by the First Amendment, the “Amended Credit Agreement”). The First Amendment provided for (a) an increase in the aggregate principal amount of the revolving credit commitments equal to $100 million such that the aggregate amount of the revolving credit commitments after giving effect to the First Amendment will be $600 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”, and the loans thereunder the “Revolving Credit Loans”) and (b) a new class of incremental term loan commitments (the “Term A-2 Commitments” and, the loans made pursuant thereto, the “Term A-2 Loans”) to be established in an aggregate principal amount equal to $300 million.

The proceeds of the Term A-2 Loans were used to, among other things, (i) prepay a portion of the Term Loan B Facility outstanding under the Credit Agreement immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Amended Credit Agreement (the “Existing Term B Loans”), (ii) to pay the call premium, fees, costs and expenses related to the foregoing transactions, and (iii) for general corporate purposes. Immediately following the prepayment described in clause (i) above, the Existing Term B Loans were refinanced and replaced in their entirety with a new tranche of term loans under the Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount equal to$445 million (the “New Term B Loans” and together with the Term A-1 Loans and the Term A-2 Loans, the “Term Loan Facilities”). For the year ended December 31, 2024, and in connection with the Existing Term B Loan refinancing transaction, the Company recognized a loss of $20 million, which includes the write-off of deferred financing costs and original issue discount of $13 million and a cash redemption premium of $7 million.

As of December 31, 2024, the Term Loan Facilities under the Amended Credit Agreement have an aggregate principal amount of $1,580 million, of which $1,413 million remained outstanding. Additionally, as of December 31, 2024, there was$225 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and outstanding letters of credit under the sub-facilities were$25 million. Our borrowing capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility was $350 million at December 31, 2024.

The Term A-1 Loans, the Term A-2 Loans and the Revolving Credit Loans will bear interest based on the secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) (or an alternative reference rate for amounts denominated in a currency other than U.S. Dollars), or, at the Company’s option, in the case of amounts denominated in U.S. Dollars, at a base reference rate equal to the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (b) the rate of interest last quoted by the Administrative Agent as its “prime rate”, (c) the one-month SOFR rate plus 1.00%, and (d)1.00% (the “Base Rate”), plus, as applicable, a margin ranging from 2.00% to 3.00% per annum for SOFR-based Term A-1 Loans, Term A-2 Loans and Revolving Credit Loans ranging from 1.00% to 2.00% per annum for Base Rate-based Term A-1 Loans, Term A-2 Loans and Revolving Credit Loans, in each case, depending on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

The New Term B Loans will bear interest at SOFR or, at the Company’s option, the Base Rate, plus, as applicable, a margin of 3.75% per annum for SOFR-based Term B Loans and 2.75% for Base Rate-based Term B Loans.

In connection with the revolving credit commitments, the Company will pay customary agency fees and a commitment fee based on the daily unused portion of the Revolving Credit Loans and ranging from 0.25% to 0.50% per annum, depending on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

The outstanding principal balance of the Term A-1 Loans is required to be repaid in quarterly installments beginning on March 31, 2024, in an amount equal to (i)1.875% of the original principal amount of the Term A-1 Loans during the first three years and (ii)2.50% of the original principal amount of the Term A-1 Loans during the final two years. Any remaining outstanding balance will be due at maturity on October 16, 2028.

The outstanding principal balance of the Term A-2 Loans is required to be repaid in quarterly installments beginning on March 31, 2025, in an amount equal to 1.250% of the original principal amount of the Term A-2 Loans until maturity. Any remaining outstanding balance will be due at maturity on October 16, 2028.

The Revolving Credit Loans and the New Term B Loans are not subject to amortization and will mature on October 16, 2028 and April 16, 2029, respectively. During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company voluntarily prepaid $105 million of the outstanding principal amount of the New Term B Loans, without penalty.

The obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement, and the guarantees of those obligations, were secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets and the assets of the Company’s wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries (the “Subsidiary Guarantors”), in each case, subject to customary exceptions and exclusions (the “Collateral”).

The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants, and negative covenants. The negative covenants limit the Company and its subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur indebtedness, create liens on the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ assets, engage in fundamental changes, make investments, sell or otherwise dispose of assets, engage in sale-leaseback transactions, make restricted payments, repay subordinated indebtedness, engage in certain transactions with affiliates and enter into agreements restricting the ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to make distributions to the Company or incur liens on their assets.

The Amended Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant, that does not permit the Company to allow its consolidated leverage ratio of Consolidated Total Debt to Consolidated EBITDA (each as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) to exceed (i) in the case of any fiscal quarter ending on or following September 30, 2024 and prior to September 30, 2025,4.50 to 1.00 and (ii) in the case of any fiscal quarter ending on or following September 30, 2025,4.25 to 1.00, in each case subject, to (x) increases of 0.25 in connection with the consummation of any material acquisition and applicable to the fiscal quarter in which such acquisition is consummated and the three consecutive fiscal quarters thereafter, and (y) a maximum cap of 5.00 to 1.00.

The Amended Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default including, among other things, non-payment of principal, interest or fees, violation of covenants, inaccuracy of representations and warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency events, material judgments, cross-defaults to material indebtedness and change of control. The occurrence of an event of default could result in the termination of commitments under the Revolving Credit Loans and Term Loan Facilities (the “Credit Facilities”), the acceleration of all outstanding amounts thereunder and the requirement to cash collateralize outstanding letters of credit.

The Amended Credit Agreement permits the Company to request, from time to time and subject to certain customary conditions, including obtaining commitments therefore (a) increases in any existing tranche of Term A Loans and Term B Loans, (b) the establishment of new tranches of incremental term loans and/or (c) the establishment of incremental revolving commitments, in an aggregate principal amount for all such incremental facilities, when combined with any “incremental equivalent debt”, of up to $300 million plus such amount as would not cause the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio, calculated on a pro forma basis and assuming all incremental commitments were fully drawn, to exceed 3.50 to 1.00.

Senior Secured Notes On September 27, 2023, the Company issued $1,350 million aggregate principal amount of 9.500% senior secured notes due in 2029 (the “Notes”). The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture (the “Indenture”) between the Company and Citibank, N.A., as trustee and notes collateral agent. The Notes are unconditionally guaranteed on a senior secured basis, subject to certain limitations, by the Subsidiary Guarantors that will guarantee the Credit Facilities. The Notes and related guarantees will be secured, subject to permitted liens and certain other exceptions, by first-priority liens on the Collateral (as defined above). Interest is payable on the Notes semi-annually, in arrears, at an annual rate of 9.500% on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2024. The Notes will mature on April 1, 2029.

The Company has optional redemption rights of the Notes pursuant to the following:

At any time prior to October 1, 2026, the Company may redeem up to a maximum of 40% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes with the proceeds of one or more equity offerings, at a redemption price equal to 109.5% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date); provided that: (i) at least 55% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes remains outstanding; and (ii) such redemption occurs within 180 days of the completion of such equity offering.

Additionally, prior to October 1, 2026, the Company may redeem some or all of the Notes by paying a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed plus the Applicable Premium, as defined in the Indenture, as of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the applicable redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date).

On or after October 1 of the relevant year listed below, the Company may redeem some or all of the Notes at the prices listed below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date (subject to the right of holders of record on the relevant record date to receive interest due on the relevant interest payment date): 2026 at a redemption price of 104.750%, 2027 at a redemption price of 102.375% and 2028 and thereafter at a redemption price of 100%.

The Indenture contains customary events of default, including, among other things, payment default, exchange default, failure to provide certain notices thereunder and certain provisions related to bankruptcy events. The Indenture also contains customary high yield affirmative and negative covenants, including negative covenants that, among other things, limit the Company and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens on, sell or otherwise dispose of assets, engage in certain fundamental corporate changes or changes to lines of business activities, make certain investments or material acquisitions, engage in sale-leaseback or hedging transactions, repurchase common stock, pay dividends or make similar distributions on capital stock, repay certain indebtedness, engage in certain affiliate transactions and enter into agreements that restrict their ability to create liens, pay dividends or make loan repayments.

Other Debt In December 2022, NCR and Cardtronics USA, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a master loan agreement (the “ATMaaS Facility”) with Banc of America Leasing & Capital, LLC (“BALCAP”) pursuant to which either NCR or Cardtronics USA, Inc., as applicable, may specify one or more ATM as a Service contracts, including any rights to receive payment thereunder, and the ATM equipment thereto (“ATMaaS Assets”) as security interest in the borrowing. The total amount available under the ATMaaS Facility is $20 million with repayment terms up tofour years. In connection with the Spin-off, in September 2023, NCR, Cardtronics USA, Inc. and BALCAP amended the ATMaaS Facility in order to, among other things, cause the assignment by NCR of all of its ATMaaS Assets and all of its obligations under the ATMaaS Facility to Cardtronics USA, Inc. As of December 31, 2024, total debt outstanding under the financing program was $6 million with a weighted average interest rate of 7.18% and a weighted average term of 2.6 years. As of December 31, 2023, total debt outstanding under the financing program was $9 million with a weighted average interest rate of 7.20% and a weighted average term of 2.8 years.

Debt Maturities Maturities of debt outstanding, in principal amounts, at December 31, 2024 are summarized below:

Fair Value of Debt The Company utilized Level 2 inputs, as defined in the fair value hierarchy, to measure the fair value of the long-term debt, which, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $3,126 million and $3,172 million, respectively. Management’s fair value estimates were based on quoted prices for recent trades of Atleos’ long-term debt, quoted prices for similar instruments, and inquiries with certain investment communities.

6. TRADE RECEIVABLES FACILITY

The Company maintains a trade receivables facility (the “Trade Receivables Facility”) with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”) as administrative agent, and PNC, MUFG Bank, Ltd., Victory Receivables Corporation and the other purchasers from time to time party thereto (the “Purchasers”), which allows the Company’s wholly-owned, bankruptcy remote subsidiaries, NCR Atleos Receivables LLC (the “U.S. SPE”) and NCR Atleos Canada Receivables LP (the “Canadian SPE”), to sell certain trade receivables on a revolving basis to the Purchasers participating in the Trade Receivable Facility. The Trade Receivable Facility became effective October 16, 2023 and has an initial term oftwo years, unless earlier terminated in accordance with the terms thereof, and may be extended by agreement of the parties.

Under the Trade Receivables Facility, the Company and certain United States and Canadian operating subsidiaries of the Company continuously sell their trade receivables as they are originated to the U.S. SPE and a Canadian SPE (collectively, the “SPEs”), as applicable. No assets or credit of either SPE is available to satisfy the debts and obligations owed to the creditors of the Company or any other person until the obligations of the SPEs under the Trade Receivables Facility have been satisfied. The Company controls, and therefore consolidates, the SPEs in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

As cash is collected on the trade receivables, the U.S. SPE has the ability to continuously transfer ownership and control of new qualifying receivables to the Purchasers such that the total outstanding balance of trade receivables sold can be up to $166 million at any point in time (i.e., the maximum purchase commitment). The future outstanding balance of trade receivables that are sold is expected to vary based on the level of activity and other factors and could be less than the maximum purchase commitment. The total outstanding balance of trade receivables that have been sold and derecognized by the U.S. SPE was approximately $166 million and $166 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Excluding the trade receivables sold, the SPEs collectively owned $38 million and $90 million of trade receivables as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and these amounts are included in Accounts receivable, net in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Upon the effectiveness of the Trade Receivables Facility, the Company received a benefit from cash from operations of approximately $166 million in the year ended December 31, 2023. Continuous cash activity related to the Trade Receivables Facility is reflected in Net cash provided by operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The U.S. SPE incurs fees due and payable to the Purchasers, those fees, which are immaterial, are recorded within Other (expense) income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, each of the SPEs has provided a full recourse guarantee in favor of the Purchasers of the full and timely payment of all trade receivables sold to them by the U.S. SPE. The guarantee is collateralized by all the trade receivables owned by each of the SPEs that have not been sold. The reserve recognized for this recourse obligation as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is not material.

Cardtronics USA Inc. and Cardtronics Canada Holdings Inc. continue to be involved with the trade receivables even after they are transferred to the SPEs (or further transferred to the Purchasers) by acting as a servicer. In addition to any obligations as servicer, the U.S. Originators and Canadian Originator provide the SPEs with customary recourse in respect of (i) certain dilutive events with respect to the trade receivables sold to the SPEs that are caused by the originator and (ii) in the event of certain violations by the originator of their representations and warranties with respect to the trade receivables sold to the SPEs. These servicing and originator liabilities of the Company and its subsidiaries (other than the SPEs) under the Trade Receivables Facility are not expected to be material, given the high quality of the customers underlying the receivables and the anticipated short collection period.

The Trade Receivables Facility includes other customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and default and termination provisions, which provide for the acceleration of amounts owed to the Purchasers thereunder in circumstances including, but not limited to, failure to pay capital or yield when due, breach of representation, warranty or covenant, certain insolvency events or failure to maintain the security interest in the trade receivables, and defaults under other material indebtedness.

7. INCOME TAXES

The Company’s income tax provision for the first three quarters of 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022 were prepared using a separate return method. The separate return method applies the accounting guidance for income taxes to the standalone financial statements as if the Company was a separate taxpayer and a standalone entity. The Company believes the assumptions supporting the allocation and presentation of income taxes on a separate return basis are reasonable.

For all periods prior to the Separation, the Company was part of NCR’s consolidated U.S. federal income tax return, as well as separate and combined NCR income tax returns in numerous state and international jurisdictions. The Company’s current tax liabilities computed under the separate return method are considered to be effectively settled in the Consolidated Financial Statements at the time the transaction is recorded, with the offset recorded against Net investment from NCR Corporation.

For the years ended December 31, income (loss) before income taxes consisted of the following:

For the years ended December 31, income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:

The following table presents the principal components of the difference between the effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate for the years ended December 31:

Atleos’ tax provisions include a provision for income taxes in certain tax jurisdictions where its subsidiaries are profitable, but reflect only a portion of the tax benefits related to certain foreign subsidiaries’ tax losses due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of future benefits from these losses. During 2024, our tax rate benefited from $17 million Foreign Derived Intangible Income deduction and $17 million provision to return adjustments, of which $11 million is classified as U.S. tax impact on foreign income. Additionally, our tax rate was impacted by increasing the valuation allowance on U.S. interest expense disallowance carryforward by $31 million. During 2023, our tax rate was impacted by a $44 million expense from recording a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets in the United Kingdom, Canada, Cyprus, Austria and other jurisdictions. The Company also completed certain internal restructuring transactions in connection with the Spin-off, resulting in a net of $120 million discrete tax expenses. Approximately $105 million of the discrete tax expense was for non-cash deferred tax items, primarily related to the tax effects upon the transfer of certain intangible assets among our wholly-owned subsidiaries prior to the Spin-off.

Atleos did not provide additional U.S. income tax or foreign withholding taxes, if any, on approximately $3.7 billion of undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries, given the intention continues to be that those earnings are reinvested indefinitely. The amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability associated with these indefinitely reinvested earnings is approximately $130 million. The unrecognized deferred tax liability is made up of a combination of U.S. and state income taxes and foreign withholding taxes.

We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and establish a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income/loss, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31 were as follows:

Atleos has previously recorded valuation allowances related to certain deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of the ultimate realization of the future benefits from those assets. The recorded valuation allowances cover deferred tax assets, primarily tax loss carryforwards in tax jurisdictions where there is uncertainty as to the ultimate realization of those tax losses. If we are unable to generate sufficient future taxable income of the proper source in the time period within which the temporary differences underlying our deferred tax assets become deductible, or before the expiration of our loss carryforwards, additional valuation allowances could be required.

As of December 31, 2024, Atleos had U.S. federal, U.S. state (tax effected), and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $1.1 billion. These carryforwards that are subject to expiration will expire in the years 2025 through 2043. As a result of stock ownership changes, our U.S. tax attributes could be subject to limitations under Section 382 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if further material stock ownership changes occur. Additionally, Atleos has tax credit carryforwards of approximately $18 million, which will expire in the years 2033 through 2034.

The aggregate changes in the balance of our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows for the years ended December 31:

Of the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024, $26 million would affect Atleos’ effective tax rate if realized. The Company’s liability arising from uncertain tax positions is recorded in Income tax accruals in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We recognized interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of the provision for income taxes in our Consolidated Statements of Operations of $2 million of benefit, $3 million of benefit, andnone for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The gross amount of interest and penalties accrued as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $11 million and $14 million, respectively.

In the United States, Atleos files consolidated federal and state income tax returns where statutes of limitations generally range from three to five years. Years beginning on or after 2015 are still open to examination by certain foreign taxing authorities.

The Company engages in continuous discussions and negotiations with taxing authorities regarding tax matters, and the Company has determined that over the next twelve months it expects to resolve certain tax matters related to foreign jurisdictions. As a result, as of December 31, 2024, we estimate that it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by $3 million to $4 million in the next twelve months.

8. STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS

Background

Certain employees of the Company participate in stock incentive plans which allow for stock-based compensation in a number of forms, including restricted stock units (“RSU”), stock-options, employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) and other share-based awards. These awards are measured based upon fair value on the grant date and are recognized over the requisite service period.

Prior to the Separation, certain employees participated in NCR’s stock incentive plans (“NCR Plans”), whereby all awards granted under the programs consist of NCR common shares. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years 2023 and 2022 was determined based upon employees who participate in the NCR Plans and who exclusively supported Atleos operations, as well as an allocation of NCR’s corporate and shared employee stock-based compensation expenses.

Substantially concurrently with the Separation, the Company adopted the following incentive plans for Atleos employees: (i) NCR Atleos Corporation 2023 Stock Incentive Plan (the“2023 SIP”), and (ii) NCR Atleos Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan (collectively, the “Atleos Plans”). Grants of equity awards made after the Spin-off to our executive officers and other employees were made under the 2023 SIP, which became effective as of the date of the Distribution. The 2023 SIP has an authorized share reserve of 6 million shares available for grant and, as of December 31, 2024, approximately 6 million shares remain available for future issuance.

In connection with the Spin-off, certain of the outstanding restricted stock units and stock options held by Atleos employees, as well as the strike price for the stock options, were adjusted pursuant to a conversion ratio determined by the post Spin-off average trading price of each of Atleos and Voyix during a specified period following the Spin-off. All adjustments were made with the intent to preserve the intrinsic value of each award immediately before and after the Spin-off. Outstanding stock options at the time of the Spin-off, regardless of the holder, were converted into stock options of both Atleos and Voyix. In addition, outstanding restricted stock units held by certain key equity holders as of the Spin-off (including former Voyix directors and certain former Voyix employees) were converted into restricted stock units of both Atleos and Voyix. Pursuant to the Employee Matters Agreement, the converted awards shall generally continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable to the original NCR awards, including with respect to vesting, except as described in the Employee Matters Agreement. Performance determinations for converted awards will be made by the Voyix Compensation and Human Resource Committee of their Board of Directors. As a result of the award modifications, Atleos will incur approximately $5 million of incremental stock-based compensation expense. Of this amount, $2 million and $2 million was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and approximately $1 million will be recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Stock Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized within Operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, depending on the nature of the employee’s role in our operations, based upon fair value. Consistent with the requirements of ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, our stock-based compensation expense includes expense on all awards held by Atleos employees, including converted option and restricted stock unit awards in Voyix common stock.

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31 as follows:

Total stock-based compensation expense, presented in the table above for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, is specifically for employees who exclusively supported Atleos’ operations. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense allocated to Atleos for NCR corporate and shared employees for theyears ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 of $25 million, and $35 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

The 2023 SIP provides for the grant of several different forms of stock-based compensation, including restricted stock units. Restricted stock units can have service-based and/or performance-based vesting with performance goals being established by the Compensation and Human Resource Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. Any grant of restricted stock units is generally subject to a vesting period of 12 months to 48 months, to the extent permitted by the 2023 SIP. Performance-based grants conditionally vest upon achievement of future performance goals based on performance criteria such as the Company’s achievement of specific return on capital and/or other financial metrics during the performance period. Performance-based grants must be earned, based on performance, before the actual number of shares to be awarded is known. The Compensation and Human Resource Committee considers the likelihood of meeting the performance criteria based upon estimates and other relevant data, and certifies performance based on its analysis of achievement against the performance criteria. A recipient of restricted stock units does not have the rights of a stockholder and is subject to restrictions on transferability and risk of forfeiture. Other terms and conditions applicable to any award of restricted stock units will be determined by the Compensation and Human Resource Committee and set forth in the agreement relating to that award.

The restricted stock units outstanding as of December 31, 2024 consist of converted awards originally granted under NCR stock incentive plans prior to the Separation and awards granted under the Atleos 2023 SIP. The NCR stock incentive plans have terms generally consistent with those described above.

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity in 2024 for Atleos employees, as well as certain Voyix employees who were granted restricted stock units of Atleos common stock upon Separation:

(1) Represents grant adjustments for RSUs granted in prior periods with performance-based vesting criteria to reflect the actual number of shares issued upon final achievement of the performance vesting criteria.

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized in the financial statements based upon fair value. The total fair value of restricted stock units held by Atleos employees that vested and distributed in the form of Atleos common stock was $21 million in 2024 and $19 million in 2023. As of December 31, 2024, there was $36 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock unit grants held by Atleos employees. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.8 years.

The following table summarizes the composition of restricted stock unit grants in 2024:

On February 16, 2024, the Company granted restricted stock units under the 2023 Stock Incentive Plan to its executive officers and other employees, comprised of both time-based and market-based restricted stock units. The time-based restricted stock units were granted with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $21.90 and vest in annual installments over athree-year requisite service period ending February 16, 2027.

The market-based restricted stock units cliff vest in an amount between zero and 200% of the target units granted based on the Company’s relative total shareholder return from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2026 (the “performance period”), as compared to a designated peer group. The fair value of the awards was determined to be $27.46 per share based on using a Monte-Carlo simulation model and will be recognized over athree-year requisite service period ending February 16, 2027.

Both time-based and market-based restricted stock units granted to executive officers are subject to a mandatoryone-year post-vesting holding period. As such, a discount for lack of marketability was calculated using the Finnerty model and applied to the awards subject to the post-vesting restrictions. The fair value of the time-based and market-based awards subject to the post-vesting restrictions were $19.36 and $24.27, respectively.

The table below details the significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of the market-based restricted stock units granted on February 16, 2024:

Expected volatility for these restricted stock units is calculated as the historical volatility of the Company’s peers over a period of approximately three years, as management believes this is the best representation of prospective trends given the limited trading history of Atleos’ stock. The risk-free interest rate was determined based on a three-year U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The dividend yield was based on the Company’s estimated annual dividend payment and stock price. The discount for lack of marketability was based on a Finnerty put-option model, which uses the price of a put to estimate the cost of insuring the value of the award against downside risk during the holding period.

On December 21, 2022 and February 13, 2023, NCR granted market-based restricted stock units vesting on December 31, 2025. The original terms of the award specified that the number of awards that vest are subject to the compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) of NCR’s stock price from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025 (the “performance period”), subject to an alternative level of achievement based on NCR’s relative total shareholder return ranking among a comparison group. Pursuant to the Employee Matters Agreement, the performance condition for these awards was modified to be based on the combined total shareholder return-related metrics attained by Atleos and Voyix.

Approximately 50% of these market-based restricted stock units granted on December 21, 2022 and February 13, 2023 included an accelerated vesting provision if a Qualified Transaction, including a Spin-off, as defined in the award agreement, takes place during the performance period (with a minimum vesting period ofone year from the grant date). Upon the occurrence of a Qualified Transaction, the number of shares that vest are then based on NCR’s 20-day volume-weighted average closing stock price immediately preceding the transaction date. In connection with the Spin-off that occurred on October 16, 2023, the accelerated vesting provision was triggered as the Spin-off occurred during the performance period and resulted in a minimum vesting period ofone year from the grant dates of December 21, 2022 and February 13, 2023. In accordance with the provision,50% of the market-based restricted stock units was recognized over the adjusted service period, vesting on December 21, 2023 and February 13, 2024.

Stock Options

The 2023 SIP also provides for the grant of stock options to purchase shares of Atleos common stock. The Compensation and Human Resource Committee has discretion to determine the material terms and conditions of option awards under the 2023 SIP, provided that (i) the exercise price must be no less than the fair market value of Atleos common stock (defined as the closing price) on the date of grant, and (ii) the term must be no longer than ten years. Other terms and conditions of an award of stock options will be determined by the Compensation and Human Resource Committee as set forth in the agreement relating to that award. New shares of the Company’s common stock are issued as a result of stock option exercises. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not grant any stock options.

As discussed above, outstanding stock options at the time of the Spin-off, regardless of the holder, were converted into stock options of both Atleos and Voyix. As such, employees of both Atleos and Voyix hold option awards in Atleos common stock. All options vested prior to the Spin-off and there is no remaining unrecognized compensation cost as of December 31, 2024.

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2024:

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In October 2023, the Board of Directors adopted the NCR Atleos Employee Stock Purchase Plan, effective October 18, 2023. The total number of shares of the Company’s common stock reserved for future issuance at inception was 5 million.

The Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) provides employees up to a 15% discount on stock purchases using athree-month look-back feature where the discount is applied to the stock price that represents the lower of Atleos’ closing stock price on either the first day or the last day of each calendar quarter. Participants can contribute between 1% and 10% of their compensation. The first offering under the ESPP was the three-month period from July 1, 2024 to September 30, 2024.

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, employees purchased approximately 0.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock, at a discounted price of $24.07. Approximately 4.9 million authorized shares remain unissued under our ESPP as of December 31, 2024. Effective December 31, 2024, the Company suspended the ESPP.

9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Pension Plans

The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans, including the U.S. pension plan, which no longer offers additional benefits and is closed to new participants, and international pension plans, certain of which also no longer offer additional benefits and are closed to new participants.

The Company’s funding policy is to contribute annually no less than the minimum required by applicable laws and regulations. Pension plan assets are primarily invested in publicly traded common stocks, common and commingled trusts, corporate debt securities, real estate investments, and cash or cash equivalents.

The Company recognizes the funded status of each applicable plan on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with each over funded plan recognized as an asset and each underfunded plan recognized as a liability. Changes in the fair value of plan assets and net actuarial gains or losses are recognized upon remeasurement, which is at least annually in the fourth quarter of each year.

Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) of the pension plans, including amounts allocated prior to the Spin-off, for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

The net actuarial gain in 2024 was primarily due to an increase in discount rates in measuring the benefit obligations as well as the favorable impact from an update to the mortality tables, partially offset by the impact of the increase in inflation rate. The net actuarial loss in 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in discount rates in measuring the benefit obligations, partially offset by the impact of economic improvements on the value of plan assets. The actuarial loss in 2022 was primarily due to the impact of economic downturns on the value of plan assets, partially offset by an increase in discount rates in measuring the benefit obligation.

Benefit obligations and plan assets

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the pension plan benefit obligations is as follows:

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the fair value of the pension plan assets is as follows:

The following table represents the funded status and the reconciliation of the funded status to amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31:

For pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets, the projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets were $1,311 million, $1,308 million, and $992 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024, and $1,447 million, $1,443 million and $1,072 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.

Plan Assets The weighted average asset allocations as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 by asset category are as follows:

(1) Includes equity securities and securities held in comingled trusts.

(2) Includes debt securities and debt held in comingled trusts.

The fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 by asset category is as follows:

Notes:

1. Common and commingled trusts (equities and balanced) and registered investment companies (RICs) such as money market funds and hedge funds are valued using a Net Asset Value (NAV) provided by the manager of each fund. The NAV is based on the underlying net assets owned by the fund, divided by the number of shares or units outstanding. The fair value of the underlying securities within the fund, which are generally traded on an active market, are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which those individual securities are traded. For investments not traded on an active market, or for which a quoted price is not publicly available, a variety of unobservable valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flow, market multiple and cost valuation approaches, are employed by the fund manager or independent third party to value investments.

2. Corporate debt is valued primarily based on observable market quotations for similar bonds at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded. When such quoted prices are not available, the bonds are valued using a discounted cash flows approach using current yields on similar instruments of issuers with similar credit ratings.

3. Real estate investments are not traded on an active market, as such a variety of unobservable valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flow, market multiples and cost valuation approaches, are employed by the fund manager to value investments.

4. Partnership/joint ventures are valued based on the fair value of the underlying securities within the fund, which include investments both traded on an active market and not traded on an active market. For those investments that are traded on an active market, the values are based on the closing price reported on the active market on which those individual securities are traded. For investments not traded on an active market, or for which a quoted price is not publicly available, a variety of unobservable valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flow, market multiples and cost valuation approaches, are employed by the fund manager to value investments.

The following table presents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of those plan assets classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. When the determination is made to classify the plan assets within Level 3, the determination is based upon the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement.

Assumptions

The weighted average rates and assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit (income) cost for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

The discount rate used to determine U.S. benefit obligations as of December 31, 2024 was derived by matching the plans’ expected future cash flows to the corresponding yields from the Willis Tower Watson (“WTW”) Rate:Link 10th-90th yield curve. The WTW Rate:Link 10th-90th yield curve has been constructed to represent the available yields on high-quality, fixed income investments across a broad range of future maturities. International discount rates were determined by examining interest rate levels and trends within each country, particularly yields on high-quality, long-term corporate bonds, relative to our future expected cash flows.

The weighted average rates and assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31 were as follows:

The weighted-average cash balance interest crediting rate for the Company’s cash balance defined benefit plans was 3.5% and 4.3% for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Discount rates were determined by examining interest rate levels and trends within each country, particularly yields on high-quality, long-term corporate bonds, relative to our future expected cash flows.

The Company employs a building block approach as its primary approach in determining the long-term expected rate of return assumptions for plan assets. Historical market returns are studied and long-term relationships between equities and fixed income are preserved consistent with the widely accepted capital market principle that assets with higher volatilities generate higher returns over the long run. Current market factors, such as inflation and interest rates are evaluated before long-term capital market assumptions are determined. The expected long-term portfolio return is established for each plan via a building block approach with proper rebalancing consideration. The result is then adjusted to reflect additional expected return from active management net of plan expenses. Historical plan returns, the expectations of other capital market participants, and peer data may be used to review and assess the results for reasonableness and appropriateness.

Investment Strategy

The Company has historically employed a total return investment approach, whereby a mix of fixed-income, equities and real estate investments are used to maximize the long-term return of plan assets subject to a prudent level of risk. The risk tolerance is established for each plan through a careful consideration of plan liabilities, plan funded status and corporate financial condition.

The investment portfolios contain a diversified mix of asset classes, including, fixed-income investments, which are diversified across issuers and credit quality. The investment portfolios also contain a blend of equity investments, which are diversified across small and large capitalization stocks and growth and value stocks.

Where applicable, real estate investments are made through real estate securities, partnership interests or direct investment and are diversified by property type and location. Other assets, such as cash or private equity are used judiciously to improve portfolio diversification and enhance risk-adjusted portfolio returns. Due to the timing of security purchases and sales, cash held by fund managers is classified in the same asset category as the related investment. Rebalancing algorithms are applied to keep the asset mix of the plans from deviating excessively from their targets. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through regular performance reporting, investment manager reviews, actuarial liability measurements and periodic investment strategy reviews.

In September 2023, as part of the Spin-off, Atleos assumed the U.S. and certain international pension plan assets and liabilities, along with the associated deferred costs in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which were previously sponsored by NCR. Remeasurement of all assumed plans occurred immediately prior to transfer. As a result, Pension and indemnity plan liabilities increased $468 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, and there was no material change in Prepaid pension cost, Other current liabilities, or Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Prior to Atleos assuming these pension plans, NCR was the plan sponsor covering certain Atleos employees. The participation of Atleos employees in these plans was reflected as though the Company participated in a multiemployer plan. As such, the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 reflect an allocation of pension expense from NCR as recorded in Operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The service costs related to pension plans allocated to the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were immaterial and are included in those figures above.

Employer Contribution

The Company madeno contributions to the U.S. pension plan in 2024 and contributed $3 million to its international pension plans in 2024.

The Company anticipates contributing $30 million and $1 million to the U.S. pension plan and international pension plans, respectively, in 2025.

Postemployment Plan

The Company offers various postemployment payments and benefits to involuntarily terminated employees and certain inactive employees after employment but before retirement. These benefits are paid in accordance with the Company’s established employment agreements, offer letters and benefit plans, practices and policies. Postemployment benefits include mainly severance as well as continuation of healthcare benefits and life insurance coverage while on disability. These postemployment benefits are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis. Changes to the funded status are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity.

Components of net periodic benefit cost (income) of the postemployment plan, including amounts allocated prior to the Spin-off, for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

Benefit obligations

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the postemployment plan benefit obligations is as follows:

A reconciliation of the ending funded status to amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31 is as follows:

Assumptions

Actuarial assumptions are not applicable prior to September 2023 when certain NCR U.S. and international postemployment plans were transferred to Atleos. The weighted average rate and assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost (income) for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

The weighted average rates and assumptions used to determine benefit obligation as of December 31 were as follows:

In September 2023, as part of the Spin-off, Atleos assumed a portion of NCR’s U.S. postemployment plan liabilities, along with the associated deferred costs in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which were previously sponsored by NCR. Remeasurement of the assumed plan occurred immediately prior to transfer. As a result, Other current liabilities increased $5 million, Postretirement and postemployment benefits liabilities increased $62 million, and there was no material change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Prior to Atleos assuming a portion of this plan, NCR was the plan sponsor covering certain Atleos employees. The participation of Atleos employees in this plan was reflected as though the Company participated in a multiemployer plan. As such, the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 reflect an allocation of postemployment plan expense from NCR as recorded in Operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The service costs related to the postemployment plans allocated to the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $5 million and $34 million, respectively, and are included in those figures above.

Employer Contributions

The Company contributed $21 million to its postemployment plan in 2024.

The Company anticipates contributing $23 million to its postemployment plan in 2025.

Postretirement Plan

The Company sponsors a U.S. postretirement benefit plan that no longer offers benefits to U.S. participants who had not reached a certain age and years of service. The plan provides medical care benefits to retirees and their eligible dependents. Non-U.S. employees are typically covered under government-sponsored programs. These postretirement benefits are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis. Changes to the funded status are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity.

All components of the net periodic benefit cost (income) of the postretirement plan, including amounts allocated prior to the Spin-off, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were immaterial.

Benefit obligations

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the postretirement plan benefit obligations is as follows:

A reconciliation of the ending funded status to amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

In September 2023, as part of the Spin-off, Atleos assumed the U.S. postretirement benefit plan liabilities, along with the associated deferred costs in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which were previously sponsored by NCR. Remeasurement of the assumed plan occurred immediately prior to transfer. As a result, Other current liabilities increased $1 million, Postretirement benefits liabilities increased $7 million, and Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) increased $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Prior to Atleos assuming this plan, NCR was the plan sponsor covering certain Atleos employees. The participation of Atleos employees in this plan was reflected as though the Company participated in a multiemployer plan. As such, the Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 reflect an allocation of postretirement plan expense from NCR as recorded in Operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. The service costs related to the postretirement plan allocated to the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were immaterial.

Employer Contributions

The Company contributed zero to its postretirement plan in 2024.

The Company anticipates contributing $1 million to its postretirement plan in 2025.

Estimated Future Employee Benefit Plan Payments

The Company expects to make the following benefit payments reflecting past and future service from its pension, postemployment and postretirement plans:

Savings Plan

In the U.S., the Company has voluntary 401(k) savings plans designed to enhance the existing retirement programs covering eligible employees. The Company matches a percentage of each employee’s contributions consistent with the provisions of the plan for which he/she is eligible. Expense incurred under these plans, including that which was allocated to the Company by NCR prior to Separation, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $9 million, $16 million, and $19 million, respectively.

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to various proceedings, lawsuits, claims and other matters, including, for example, those that relate to the environment and health and safety, labor and employment, employee benefits, import/export compliance, patents or other intellectual property, data privacy and security, product liability, warranty claims, commercial disputes and regulatory compliance, among others. Other than as stated below, the Company does not currently expect to incur material capital expenditures or other liabilities related to such matters. However, there can be no assurances that the actual amounts required to satisfy alleged liabilities from various lawsuits, claims, legal proceedings and other matters, will not exceed the amounts reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements set forth herein or will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, capital expenditures, competitive position, financial condition or cash flows. Additionally, the Company is subject to diverse and complex laws and regulations, including those relating to corporate governance, public disclosure and reporting, environmental safety and the discharge of materials into the environment, product safety, import and export compliance, data privacy and security, antitrust and competition, government contracting, anti-corruption, and labor and human resources, which are rapidly changing and subject to many possible changes in the future. Compliance with these laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards, taxation requirements and federal securities laws, among others, may create a substantial burden on, and substantially increase costs to, the Company or could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, capital expenditures, competitive position, financial condition or cash flows and there can be no assurances that the actual amounts required to comply with applicable laws and regulations will not exceed the amounts reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements set forth herein. The Company has reflected all liabilities when a loss is considered probable and reasonably estimable in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company provides its customers with certain indemnification rights, subject to certain limitations and exceptions. For example, the Company agrees to defend and indemnify its customers from third-party lawsuits alleging that Company solutions infringe third party intellectual property rights. On limited occasions the Company will undertake to indemnify a customer for business, rather than contractual, reasons. From time to time, the Company enters into agreements in connection with its acquisition and divestiture activities that include indemnification obligations. The fair value of these indemnification obligations is not readily determinable due to the conditional nature of the Company’s potential obligations and the specific facts and circumstances involved with each particular agreement. From time to time, the Company has provided indemnification under these circumstances, none of which has resulted in material liabilities, and the Company expects these indemnities will continue to arise in the future. Historically, the Company has not recorded a liability in connection with these indemnifications.

In connection with the Separation, the Separation and Distribution Agreement provides that Voyix will transfer to the Company, and the Company will assume, certain liabilities, whether accrued or contingent, and whether arising prior to, at or after the Distribution, including, among others, all liabilities to the extent they relate to the Company’s business or the Company’s assets,50% of certain shared environmental liabilities arising from conduct prior to the Distribution if Voyix’s annual costs, net of any insurance proceeds and third-party payments actually received, exceed $15 million,50% of all liabilities of a divested or discontinued business that was divested or discontinued prior to the Distribution and liabilities relating to, arising out of or resulting from any registration statement or similar disclosure document related to the Separation (including the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10 initially filed with the SEC on June 26, 2023, and as further amended thereafter and declared effective on August 11, 2023, and the Information Statement). Voyix will retain all other liabilities, including, among others,50% of all liabilities of a divested or discontinued business that was divested or discontinued prior to the Distribution, the first $15 million of annual costs incurred in connection with certain shared environmental liabilities arising from conduct prior to the Distribution and 50% of any such costs thereafter and all indemnification obligations to current and former Voyix directors and officers.

Shared Environmental Matters

As described above, the Company shares liability with Voyix for certain investigatory and remedial activities, and related litigation, at facilities formerly owned or operated by Voyix, to comply, or to determine compliance, with environmental laws (the “Shared Environmental Matters”). Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, the Company and Voyix share equally costs and liabilities with respect to the Shared Environmental Matters to the extent Voyix’s annual costs, net of any insurance proceeds and third-party payments actually received, exceed $15 million. Under the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Voyix will notify the Company by December 1 each calendar year of the estimated costs for the Shared Environmental Matters it will incur each quarter of the following calendar year pursuant to which the Company will make quarterly payments to Voyix of any required contribution. The Company’s payments are subject to upward or downward adjustment after Voyix provides a final quarterly accounting of the actual costs. As of December 31, 2024, Voyix estimated that the Company’s contribution for Shared Environmental Matters in 2024 will be approximately $2 million and the contribution in 2025 will be approximately $12 million. The Company evaluated the estimates in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies, and concluded that, as of December 31, 2024, a loss of up to $14 million is probable and, therefore, recorded an accrual for this amount. Because of our understanding that the events underlying the incurrence of the environmental obligations were never part of the legacy business operations that now comprise Atleos, we have recorded these costs in Other (expense) income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Other than the cost reporting described above, Voyix is only required to update the Company “from time to time with respect to any events in connection with [the Shared Environmental Matters] at such times and in such manner as [Voyix] shall reasonably determine.” The term of this cost sharing is indefinite and includes defense costs and expenses. Voyix solely controls the management of the Shared Environmental Matters, including any litigation related thereto, which could impact the amounts that the Company is required to contribute for the Shared Environmental Matters under the Separation and Distribution Agreement. Voyix has reported that other than the Kalamazoo River matter discussed below, it does not currently anticipate material expenses and liabilities from the Shared Environmental Matters.

Kalamazoo River

One of the Shared Environmental Matters is the Allied Paper, Inc./Portage Creek/Kalamazoo River Superfund Site (“Kalamazoo River” site) remediation and related litigations. By way of background, on December 5, 2019, Voyix entered into a Consent Decree with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) and other government agencies having oversight over the Kalamazoo River. On December 2, 2020, the District Court having jurisdiction over this matter approved the Consent Decree, which required Voyix to pay Georgia Pacific (“GP”) a 40% share of past costs, to pay the USEPA and state agencies their past and future administrative costs, and to dismiss a pending appeal. The Consent Decree further requires Voyix to take responsibility for the remediation of a portion, but not all, of the Kalamazoo River. The Consent Decree further provides Voyix protection from other potentially responsible parties, including GP, seeking contribution for their costs associated with the clean-up anywhere on the river, thereby resolving the allocation of future costs left unresolved by prior litigation.

Voyix reports that it believes it has meritorious claims against Kalamazoo River co-obligor B.A.T. Industries p.l.c. (“BAT”) under a prior settlement agreement with that company for the Kalamazoo River remediation expenses as a so-called “future site.” To date, BAT has denied that the Kalamazoo River is a “future site.” On February 10, 2023, Voyix filed an action against BAT in the Southern District of New York seeking a declaration that the Kalamazoo River is indeed a future site under their agreement. On September 14, 2024, the Court entered an opinion stating that the Kalamazoo River is a “future site” within the meaning of the Cost Sharing Agreement. The case remains pending with respect to BAT’s remaining counterclaims and affirmative defenses. Voyix also reports that it has indemnity or reimbursement claims against AT&T Corp and Nokia (as the successor to Lucent Technologies and Alcatel-Lucent USA) under a 1996 Divestiture Agreement after the contractual expense threshold was met in December 2022. Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Voyix will continue to control any actions to collect the unpaid sums.

Voyix further reports that as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, Voyix’s total reserve for Kalamazoo River was $148 million and $141 million, respectively. The reserve is reported on a basis that is net of expected contributions from Voyix’s co-obligors and indemnitors, subject to when the applicable threshold is reached. As many aspects of the costs of remediation will not be determined for several years (and thus the high end of a range of possible costs for many areas of the site cannot be quantified at this time), Voyix reports that it has made what it considers to be reasonable estimates of the low end of a range for such costs where remedies are identified, and/or of the costs of investigations and studies for areas of the river where remedies have not yet been determined, and the reserve is informed by those estimates. The extent of Voyix’s and, therefore, the Company’s, potential liability remains subject to many uncertainties, notwithstanding the settlement of this matter and the related Consent Decree noted above, particularly in as much as remedy decisions and cost estimates will not be generated until times in the future and as most of the work to be performed will take place through the 2030s. Voyix further reports that under other assumptions or estimates for possible costs of remediation, which Voyix does not consider to be reasonably estimable or verifiable, it is possible that the reserve that Voyix has taken reflected in this paragraph could more than approximately double the reflected reserve.

Environmental-Related Insurance Recoveries

Historically, Voyix has received payments from its insurance carriers with respect to the Shared Environmental Matters. Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, insurance amounts actually recovered will, as a result of reducing Voyix’s overall liability, reduce the Company’s liability in its obligation to contribute for the Shared Environmental Matters. The Company does not anticipate that Voyix will obtain further material insurance recoveries specific to Kalamazoo River remediation costs. Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Voyix maintains sole control of claims against insurers with respect to the Shared Environmental Matters, as well as whether or not any coverage is in fact available, and the Company is unable to predict whether and to what extent insurance proceeds will be available to offset any amounts it may be required to pay in respect of the foregoing environmental matters pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement.

Environmental Remediation Estimates

It is difficult to estimate the future financial impact of environmental laws, including potential liabilities. We record environmental provisions when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount or range of the liability is reasonably estimable; in accordance with accounting guidance, where liabilities are not expected to be quantifiable or estimable for a period of years, the estimated costs of investigating those liabilities are recorded as a component of the reserve for that particular site. Provisions for estimated losses from environmental restoration and remediation are, depending on the site, based generally on internal and third-party environmental studies, estimates as to the number and participation level of other potentially responsible parties, the extent of contamination, estimated amounts for attorney and other fees, and the nature of required clean-up and restoration actions. Reserves are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. Where our environmental liabilities result from the Shared Environmental Matters, we will rely on information shared with us by Voyix, who is controlling these matters, with respect to determining the amount of potential liability. Management expects that the amounts reserved from time to time will be paid out over the period of investigation, negotiation, remediation and restoration for the applicable sites, including in connection with our obligations under the Separation and Distribution Agreement.

Shared Legal Matters

Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, the Company shares equally costs and liability with Voyix for certain pre-existing litigation matters known as of the Separation date. These matters are managed solely by Voyix, and we rely on information provided to us by Voyix to determine the amount of potential liability.

In November 2015, in Hoak, et al. v. Plan Administrator of the Plans of NCR Corporation, participants and beneficiaries of certain deferred compensation retirement plans sponsored by NCR Corporation (collectively, the “Plan”) filed a putative class action lawsuit against NCR and other defendants, alleging the defendants breached the plan agreements by, among other things, paying lump sum payments based on mortality tables and actuarial calculations upon termination of the Plan. The court certified a class in 2017.

On June 10, 2024, the court entered a final judgment and ordered Voyix to calculate the “benefits due” to the Plan participants, including pre-judgment interest, based on the sum that would have been sufficient to allow each participant to purchase a replacement annuity using discount rates prescribed by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation in effect as of the February 25, 2013 termination date. Voyix reports that it intends to vigorously contest the matter and filed a notice of appeal on July 2, 2024. Voyix further reports that an estimate or range of possible loss was not included in the judgment and cannot be determined at this time. Voyix stipulated with the plaintiffs to a $45 million supersedeas bond, which Voyix contends may not be correlated to any actual loss but allowed Voyix to obtain a stay of execution of the judgment pending appeal. On September 12, 2024, the bond was filed and the stay was issued. The appeal remains pending. The Company evaluated the judgment and order and, after consulting with Voyix, in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies, concluded that, as of December 31, 2024, a loss is reasonably possible, but that an estimate or range of possible loss cannot be determined at this time given uncertainty regarding the ultimate form of relief and complexities in the methodology and quantification of damages, if any.

Purchase Commitments The Company has purchase commitments for materials, supplies, services, and property, plant and equipment as part of the normal course of business.

11. LEASING

The following table presents our lease balances as of December 31:

The following table presents our lease costs for operating and finance leases:

The following table presents the supplemental cash flow information:

The following table reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for each of the first five years and total of the remaining years to the finance lease liabilities and operating lease liabilities recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024:

As of December 31, 2024, all material operating leases had commenced.

The following table presents the weighted average remaining lease term and interest rates:

12. RELATED PARTIES

Pursuant to the Separation, NCR ceased to be a related party to Atleos and accordingly, no related party transactions or balances are reported subsequent to October 16, 2023.

Cash management and financing

Prior to the Separation, the Company participated in NCR’s centralized treasury and cash management programs. In certain jurisdictions, disbursements were made through centralized accounts payable systems which were operated by NCR. Similarly, cash receipts in these jurisdictions were mostly transferred to centralized accounts, which were also maintained by NCR. As cash was received and disbursed by NCR, it was accounted for by the Company through Net investment from NCR Corporation.

Allocation of centralized costs

The Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 include expenses for certain centralized functions and other programs provided and/or administered by NCR that were charged directly to the Company. In addition, for purposes of preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements, a portion of NCR’s total corporate general and administrative expenses had been allocated to the Company.

NCR allocations reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

Related-party notes

Related party notes receivable

Prior to the Separation, the Company had notes receivable from related parties that were settled in cash or forgiven as part of the Separation structuring activities. The weighted-average interest rate for these notes was approximately 3.1% as of December 31, 2022.

The Company recognized $10 million and $2 million of interest income, for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively, related to these notes, which is included in Related party interest expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Related party borrowings

Prior to the Separation, the Company had borrowings due to related parties that were settled in cash or forgiven as part of the Separation structuring activities. The weighted-average interest rate for these borrowings was approximately 3.6% as of December 31, 2022.

The Company recognized $23 million and $33 million of interest expense, for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively, related to these borrowings, which is included in Related party interest expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Net transfers from (to) NCR Corporation

The net effect of transactions between the Company and NCR are included within Net transfers from (to) NCR Corporation in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and within Net transfers from NCR Corporation in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity. The components of Net transfers from (to) NCR Corporation are as follows:

(1) Refer to the section entitled ‘Prior period financial statement revision’ within Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies”, for additional information.

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE

On October 16, 2023, the date of Separation,70.6 million shares of Atleos’ Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, were distributed to Voyix stockholders of record as of October 2, 2023, the Record Date. This share amount is utilized for the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented prior to the Separation and these shares are treated as issued and outstanding for purposes of calculating historical earnings per share. For periods prior to the Separation, it is assumed that there are no dilutive equity instruments as there were no equity awards of Atleos outstanding prior to the Separation.

In connection with the Spin-off, and in accordance with the Employee Matters Agreement, certain of the outstanding restricted stock units and stock options held by Atleos employees, as well as the strike price for the stock options, were adjusted pursuant to a conversion ratio determined by the post Spin-off average trading price of each of Atleos and Voyix during a specified period following the Spin-off. All adjustments were made with the intent to preserve the intrinsic value of each award immediately before and after the Spin-off.

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income or loss attributable to Atleos, less any dividends (declared or cumulative undeclared), if applicable, by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period.

In computing diluted EPS, we evaluate and reflect the maximum potential dilution, for each issue or series of issues of potential common shares in sequence from the most dilutive to the least dilutive. We adjust the denominator used in the basic EPS computation, subject to anti-dilution requirements, to include the dilution from potential shares resulting from the issuance of restricted stock units and stock options.

The dilutive effect of restricted stock units and stock options is reflected in diluted earnings per share by applying the treasury stock method. The holders of unvested restricted stock units and stock options do not have non-forfeitable rights to common stock dividends or common stock dividend equivalents. Accordingly, the unvested restricted stock units and stock options do not qualify as participating securities. See Note 8, “Stock Compensation Plans”, for share information on Atleos’ stock compensation plans.

The components of basic earnings (loss) per share are as follows:

The components of diluted earnings (loss) per share are as follows:

For 2024, weighted average restricted stock units and stock options of 2.1 million were excluded from the diluted share count because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

For 2023, due to the net loss attributable to Atleos common stockholders, potential common shares that would have caused dilution, such as restricted stocks units and stock options were excluded from the dilutive share count because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. As such, weighted average restricted stock units and stock options of 6.8 million were excluded from the dilutive share count because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

14. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING INSTRUMENTS

Atleos is exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions. We principally manage exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risk through management of core business activities. We manage interest rate risk associated with our vault cash rental obligations and floating-rate debt through the use of derivative financial instruments. To manage differences in the amount, timing and duration of known or expected cash payments related to our existing Term Loan Facilities and vault cash agreements, we entered into interest rate swap contracts (“Interest Rate Derivatives”).

Further, a substantial portion of our operations and revenue occur outside the United States and, as such, Atleos has exposure to approximately 40 functional currencies. Our results can be significantly impacted, both positively and negatively, by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company seeks to mitigate such impact by hedging its foreign currency transaction exposure using foreign currency contracts. We do not enter into hedges for speculative purposes.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk The accounting guidance for derivatives and hedging requires companies to recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company designates foreign exchange contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions when they are determined to be highly effective at inception.

Our risk management strategy includes hedging, on behalf of certain subsidiaries, a portion of our forecasted, non-functional currency denominated cash flows for a period of up to 15 months. As a result, some of the impact of currency fluctuations on non-functional currency denominated transactions (and hence on subsidiary operating income, as stated in the functional currency), is mitigated in the near term. In the longer term (greater than 15 months), the subsidiaries are still subject to the effect of translating the functional currency results to United States Dollars. To manage our exposures and mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations on the operations of our foreign subsidiaries, we hedge our main transactional exposures through the use of foreign exchange contracts. This is primarily done through the hedging of foreign currency denominated intercompany inventory purchases by Atleos’ marketing units and the foreign currency denominated inputs to our manufacturing units. If the hedge is designated as a highly effective cash flow hedge, the gains or losses are deferred into accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). The gains or losses from derivative contracts that are designated as highly effective cash flow hedges related to inventory purchases are recorded in cost of products when the inventory is sold to an unrelated third party. Otherwise, they are recorded in earnings when the exchange rates change. As of December 31, 2024, the balance in

AOCI related to foreign exchange derivative transactions waszero because no such derivatives were designated as highly effective hedges.

We also utilize foreign exchange contracts to hedge our exposure of assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies. We recognize the gains and losses on these types of hedges in earnings as exchange rates change.

Interest Rate Risk The Company designates Interest Rate Derivative contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions when they are determined to be highly effective at inception.

We utilize interest rate swap contracts to add stability to interest cost and to manage exposure to interest rate movements as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Payments and receipts related to interest rate derivative agreements are included in Operating Activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

In June 2022, the Company executed $2.4 billion aggregate notional amount interest rate swap contracts effective June 1, 2022 and terminating on April 1, 2025. These interest rate swap contracts had fixed rates ranging from 2.790% to 3.251%, and were designated as cash flow hedges of the floating rate interest associated with the Company’s U.S. Dollar and U.K. Pound Sterling vault cash agreements. On June 14, 2023, the Company terminated all open interest rate swap contracts for cash proceeds of $71 million. The net derivative-related gains associated with these swaps will be reclassified into earnings from Accumulated other comprehensive income primarily through April 1, 2025, corresponding to the term of the original interest rate swap agreements.

In June 2023, the Company executed new $2.4 billion aggregate notional amount interest rate swap contracts effective June 14, 2023 and terminating on December 31, 2025. These interest rate swap contracts had fixed rates ranging from 4.240% to 5.274%, and were designated as cash flow hedges of the floating rate interest associated with the Company’s U.S. Dollar and U.K. Pound Sterling vault cash agreements. In March 2024, the Company terminated all open U.S. Dollar interest rate swap contracts for cash proceeds of $13 million. The net derivative-related gains associated with these swaps will be reclassified into earnings from Accumulated other comprehensive income through December 31, 2025, corresponding to the term of the original interest rate swap agreements.

Effective March 19, 2024, the Company executed $2.0 billion aggregate notional amount interest rate swap contracts terminating on March 31, 2027. These interest rate swap contracts have fixed rates ranging from 4.294% to 4.306%, and have been designated as cash flow hedges of the floating rate interest associated with the Company’s U.S. Dollar vault cash agreements.

Effective August 5, 2024, the Company executed $450 million aggregate notional amount interest rate swap contracts terminating on December 31, 2027. These interest rate swap contracts have fixed rates ranging from 3.442% to 3.479%, and have been designated as cash flow hedges of the floating rate interest associated with the Company’s U.S. Dollar vault cash agreements.

Effective August 13, 2024, the Company executed $500 million aggregate notional amount interest rate swap contracts terminating on December 31, 2027. These interest rate swap contracts have fixed rates ranging from 3.592% to 3.610%, and have been designated as cash flow hedges of the floating rate interest associated with the Company’s Term Loan Facilities.

Effective February 18, 2025, the Company terminated the $500 million and $450 million notional amount of interest rate swaps associated with the Company’s term loan facilities and certain U.S. Dollar vault cash agreements, respectively, for cash proceeds of $13 million. The net derivative-related gains associated with these swaps will be reclassified into earnings from Accumulated other comprehensive income through December 31, 2027, corresponding to the term of the original interest rate swap agreements.

As of December 31, 2024, each of our outstanding Interest Rate Derivative agreements were determined to be highly effective. Amounts reported in AOCI related to these derivatives will be reclassified to Cost of services and Interest expense as payments are made on the Company’s vault cash rental obligations and Term Loan Facilities, respectively. Unrealized gains on terminated interest rate swap agreements reported in AOCI will be reclassified to Cost of services ratably over terms corresponding to the original agreements. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the balance in AOCI related to Interest Rate Derivatives was accumulated income of $7 million and $34 million, respectively.

The following tables provide information on the location and amounts of derivative fair values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Refer to Note 15, “Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities”, for further information on derivative assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company expects to reclassify $17 million of net derivative-related gains contained in AOCI into earnings during the next twelve months.

Gains and losses reclassified from AOCI into the Consolidated Statements of Operations are recorded within Cost of services and Interest expense. The effects of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows:

Concentration of Credit Risk

Atleos is potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk on accounts receivable and financial instruments such as hedging instruments and cash and cash equivalents. Credit risk includes the risk of nonperformance by counterparties. The maximum potential loss may exceed the amount recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Exposure to credit risk is managed through credit approvals, credit limits, selecting major international financial institutions as counterparties to hedging transactions and monitoring procedures. Atleos’ business often involves large transactions with customers, and if one or more of those customers were to default on its obligations under applicable contractual arrangements, the Company could be exposed to potentially significant losses. However, management believes that the reserves for potential losses are adequate. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, Atleos did not have any major concentration of credit risk related to financial instruments.

15. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are set forth as follows:

(1)Included in Cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)Included in Other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3) Included in Other current assets and Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(4)Included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(5)Included in Other current liabilities and Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Deposits Held in Money Market Mutual Funds A portion of the Company’s excess cash is held in money market mutual funds that generate interest income based on prevailing market rates. Money market mutual fund holdings are measured at fair value using quoted market prices and are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy.

Foreign Exchange Contracts As a result of our global operating activities, we are exposed to risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our financial condition. To manage our exposures and mitigate the impact of currency fluctuations on our financial results, we hedge our primary transactional exposures through the use of foreign exchange contracts. The foreign exchange contracts are valued using the market approach based on observable market transactions of forward rates and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Interest Rate Swap In order to add stability to operating costs and to manage exposure to interest rate movements, the Company utilizes interest rate swap contracts as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. The interest rate swap contracts are valued using an income model based on disparity between variable and fixed interest rates, the scheduled balance of underlying principal outstanding, yield curves, and other information readily available in the market. As such, the interest rate swap contracts are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we consider the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements. We measure the credit risk of our derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments utilize Level 3 inputs to evaluate the likelihood of both our own default and counterparty default. As of December 31, 2024, we determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives and therefore, the valuations are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Debt Securities The debt securities, classified as available for sale, represent convertible notes issued by a Canadian corporation in which we have an equity investment. The debt securities are valued using a binomial lattice model based on factors such as stock price of the issuer, principal outstanding, coupon rate, volatility, credit spread, risk-free rate and other market data. As such, the debt securities are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Unrealized gains in accumulated other comprehensive income are not material.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

From time to time, certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Atleos measures certain assets, including intangible assets and cost and equity method investments, at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are recognized at fair value when initially valued and when deemed to be impaired. Additionally, Atleos reviews the carrying values of investments when events and circumstances warrant and considers all available evidence in evaluating when declines in fair value are other-than-temporary declines. Atleos carries equity investments in privately-held companies at cost or at fair value when Atleos recognizes an other-than-temporary impairment charge. No material impairment charges or non-recurring fair value adjustments were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

16. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“AOCI”) by Component

The changes in AOCI for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

Reclassifications Out of AOCI

The reclassifications out of AOCI for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

17. SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The components of Other (expense) income, net are summarized as follows for the years ended December 31:

The components of inventory are summarized as follows:

The components of property, plant and equipment, net are summarized as follows:

18. QUARTERLY INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Prior Period Financial Statement Revision

As disclosed in Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies”, in connection with the preparation of the Company’s interim and annual 2024 financial statements, management identified errors pertaining to the Separation-related accounting entries recorded in the fourth quarter of 2023, which impacted the Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity presented as of December 31, 2023, and accordingly impacted the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity as of and for the interim periods ended March 31, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2024, respectively. Certain of these errors were previously recorded out-of-period in the first quarter of 2024 and were then revised during the second quarter of 2024. The revision adjustment corrects the balance of Retained Earnings, which was overstated by $34 million as of December 31, 2023, $28 million as of March 31, 2024, $6 million as of June 30, 2024, and $6 million as of September 30, 2024. The revision adjustment also corrects the balance of Paid-in capital, which was overstated by $4 million as of December 31, 2023. As it relates to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024, the revision adjustment removes the $8 million decrease to retained earnings recorded on the line “Net transfers to Voyix, including Separation adjustments” and further reflects the impact of an incremental $4 million adjustment to Paid-in capital on the line “Stock compensation plans”. Such amounts are included as part of the $34 million and $4 million adjustments to the beginning balances of retained earnings and paid-in capital, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adjustments and concluded they were not material to any previously issued interim condensed consolidated financial statements. In order to correctly state equity to reflect the impact of the Separation-related transactions, management will revise the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for interim periods during 2024 in future SEC filings, as reflected below.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)