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PHINIA INC.

For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed Apr 25, 2025.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2025 · Filed Apr 25, 2025

PHIN$70.33+2.0%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

INTRODUCTION

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes present the condensed consolidated statements of operations, balance sheets, and cash flows of PHINIA Inc. (PHINIA or the Company). PHINIA is a leader in the development, design and manufacture of integrated components and systems that are designed to optimize performance, increase efficiency and reduce emissions for combustion and hybrid propulsion systems for commercial vehicles and industrial applications (medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks, buses and other off-highway construction, marine, agricultural and aerospace and defense), light commercial vehicles (vans and trucks) and light passenger vehicles (passenger cars, mini-vans, cross-overs and sport-utility vehicles). The Company is a global supplier to most major original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) seeking to meet evolving and increasingly stringent global regulatory requirements and satisfy consumer demands for an enhanced user experience. Additionally, the Company offers a wide range of original equipment service (OES) solutions and remanufactured products as well as an expanded range of products for the independent (non-OEM) aftermarket.

Transition to Standalone Company

On July 3, 2023, PHINIA became an independent publicly-traded company as a result of the legal and structural separation of the Fuel Systems and Aftermarket businesses from BorgWarner Inc. (BorgWarner or Former Parent). The separation was completed in the form of a distribution of the outstanding common stock of PHINIA to holders of record of common stock of BorgWarner on a pro rata basis (the Spin-Off). In connection with the Spin-Off, we entered into an agreement with the Former Parent which governs the Company’s and the Former Parent’s respective rights, responsibilities and obligations after the distribution with respect to taxes for any tax period ending on or before the distribution date, as well as tax periods beginning before and ending after the distribution date (Tax Matters Agreement).

NOTE 1 BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements were condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of results have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. Certain amounts for the prior periods presented were reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The Company has also corrected for certain immaterial errors that impacted footnote disclosures as of March 31, 2024.

Management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and accompanying notes, as well as amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the periods covered by those financial statements and accompanying notes. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements may not be indicative of the Company’s future performance.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This update is intended to improve disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and addresses requests from investors and other allocators of capital for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. This guidance was effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company has adopted this guidance; refer to Note 19, “Reportable Segments and Related Information” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This guidance requires entities to disaggregate information related to the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company will provide the incremental disclosures in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 and ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40).” This guidance requires entities to disclose disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items in the notes to the financial statements. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of these ASUs on its financial statements.

NOTE 2 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company manufactures and sells products and solutions, primarily to OEMs of commercial vehicle, industrial applications and light vehicles, to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket. The Company’s payment terms are based on customary business practices and vary by customer type and products offered. The Company has evaluated the terms of its arrangements and determined that they do not contain significant financing components.

In limited instances, certain customers have provided payments in advance of receiving related products, typically at the onset of an arrangement prior to the beginning of production. As of March 31, 2025, the balance of contract liabilities was $11 million, of which $2 million was reflected in Other current liabilities and $9 million was reflected in Other non-current liabilities. As of December 31, 2024, the balance of contract liabilities was $7 million, of which $3 million was reflected in Other current liabilities and $4 million was reflected as Other non-current liabilities. These amounts are reflected as revenue over the term of the arrangement (typically three toseven years) as the underlying products are shipped and represent the Company’s remaining performance obligations as of the end of the period.

The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by reportable segment and region for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Refer to Note 19, “Reportable Segments and Related Information” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, for more information.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
(In millions)Fuel SystemsAftermarketTotal
Americas$177$179$356
Europe190127317
Asia10617123
Total$473$323$796
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
(In millions)Fuel SystemsAftermarketTotal
Americas$187$192$379
Europe227125352
Asia11319132
Total$527$336$863

NOTE 3 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

The Company’s net Research & Development (R&D) costs are primarily included in Selling, general and administrative expenses of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D costs as they are considered a recovery of cost. Customer reimbursements for prototypes are recorded net of prototype costs based on customer contracts, typically either when the prototype is shipped or when it is accepted by the customer. Customer reimbursements for engineering services are recorded when performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with the contract. Financial risks and rewards transfer upon shipment, acceptance of a prototype component by the customer or upon completion of the performance obligation as stated in the respective customer agreement. The Company has various customer arrangements relating to R&D activities that it performs at its various R&D locations.

The following table presents the Company’s gross and net costs on R&D activities:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Gross R&D costs$46$52
Customer reimbursements(18)(25)
Net R&D costs$28$27

Net R&D costs as a percentage of net sales were 3.5% and 3.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

NOTE 4 OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE, NET

Items included in Other operating expense, net consist of:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Restructuring$5$2
Transaction-related (benefits) costs(1)17
Other operating income, net(1)(2)
Other operating expense, net$3$17

Transaction-related (benefits) costs: The Company classifies certain expenses and benefits related to the Spin-Off, acquisitions and divestitures as transaction-related (benefits) costs. Spin-Off costs and adjustments include professional fees and other costs associated with the separation of the Company, including the management of certain historical liabilities allocated to the Company in connection with the Spin-Off, and adjustments related to the Tax Matters Agreement between the Company and Former Parent. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded transaction-related benefits of $1 million, which included a $7 million benefit related to adjustments under the Tax Matters Agreement, $3 million of costs related to the Spin-Off, and $3 million of costs related to the evaluation of strategic acquisition initiatives. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded transaction-related costs of $17 million which primarily related to Spin-Off costs.

Restructuring: The Company recorded $5 million and $2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, of restructuring costs for individually approved restructuring actions that primarily related to reductions in headcount in the Fuel Systems segment.

NOTE 5 INCOME TAXES

The Company’s provision for income taxes is based upon an estimated annual effective tax rate for the year applied to domestic and foreign income. On a quarterly basis, the annual effective tax rate is adjusted, as appropriate, based upon changed facts and circumstances, if any, as compared to those forecasted at the beginning of the fiscal year and each interim period thereafter.

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 48%. The effective tax rate period-over-period consisted of an increase in a pre-spin uncertain tax position reserve of $7 million fully offset by a decrease resulting from a change in the jurisdictional mix of pre-tax earnings.

The annual effective tax rates differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to foreign tax rates that vary from those in the U.S., jurisdictions with pretax losses for which no tax benefit could be realized, U.S. taxes on foreign earnings, and permanent differences between book and tax treatment for certain items including enhanced deduction of research and development expenses in certain jurisdictions.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has a framework to implement a global minimum corporate tax of 15% for companies with global revenues and profits above certain thresholds (referred to as Pillar 2), with certain aspects of Pillar 2 effective January 1, 2024 and other aspects effective January 1, 2025. While it is uncertain whether the U.S. will enact legislation to adopt Pillar 2, certain countries in which the Company operates have adopted legislation, and other countries are in the process of introducing legislation to implement Pillar 2. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 the Company has provisionally calculated and accrued an additional top-up tax under the Pillar 2 Framework in certain jurisdictions where the effective tax rate fell below the minimum threshold of 15%. This amount is not significant to the total 2025 income tax provision for the Company.

NOTE 6 RECEIVABLES, NET

The table below provides details of Receivables, net as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31,2024
Receivables, net:
Customers$608$574
Indirect taxes112119
Due from Former Parent7080
Other5453
Gross receivables844826
Allowance for credit losses(8)(9)
Total receivables, net$836$817

NOTE 7 INVENTORIES

A summary of Inventories is presented below:

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31,2024
Raw material and supplies$240$234
Work-in-progress4640
Finished goods193170
Inventories$479$444

NOTE 8 OTHER CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT ASSETS

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31,2024
Prepayments and other current assets:
Prepaid taxes$29$32
Prepaid customer tooling2014
Prepaid engineering1819
Prepaid software1210
Customer return assets88
Prepaid insurance44
Other139
Total prepayments and other current assets$104$96
Investments and long-term receivables:
Long-term receivables$58$52
Investment in equity affiliates5551
Investment in equity securities45
Due from Former Parent33
Total investments and long-term receivables$120$111
Other non-current assets:
Operating leases$51$54
Deferred income taxes4743
Customer incentive payments109
Other2322
Total other non-current assets$131$128

NOTE 9 GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

During the fourth quarter of each year, the Company assesses its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles assigned to each of its reporting units for impairment by either performing a qualitative assessment or a quantitative analysis. No events or circumstances were noted in the first three months of 2025 requiring additional assessment or testing.

A summary of the components in the carrying amount of goodwill as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:

(in millions)Fuel SystemsAftermarketTotal
Gross goodwill balance, December 31, 2024$60$524$584
Accumulated impairment losses—(113)(113)
Net goodwill balance, December 31, 2024$60$411$471
Goodwill during the period:
Translation adjustment31013
Net goodwill balance, March 31, 2025$63$421$484

The Company’s other intangible assets from acquisitions consist of the following:

March 31, 2025 · December 31, 2024
(in millions)Estimated useful lives (years)Gross carrying amountAccumulated amortizationNet carrying amountGross carrying amountAccumulated amortizationNet carrying amount
Amortized intangible assets:
Patented and unpatented technology14 - 15$147$54$93$144$51$93
Customer relationships14 - 15264124140259118141
Total amortized intangible assets411178233403169234
Unamortized trade names143—143140—140
Total other intangible assets$554$178$376$543$169$374

NOTE 10 PRODUCT WARRANTY

The Company provides warranties on some, but not all, of its products. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims. Costs of product recalls, which may include the cost of the product being replaced as well as the customer’s cost of the recall, including labor to remove and replace the recalled part, are accrued as part of the Company’s warranty accrual at the time the Company believes it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. See Note 17, “Contingencies”, for further discussion on the Company’s quarterly process for accruals relating to commercial and legal matters. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, in certain cases, initial customer claims exceed the amount accrued. Facts may become known related to these claims that may result in additional losses that could be material to the Company’s results of operations or cash flows. The Company’s warranty provisions are primarily included in Cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The product warranty accrual is allocated to current and non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes the activity in the product warranty accrual accounts:

(in millions)20252024
Beginning balance, January 1$61$56
Provisions for current period sales119
Payments(12)(10)
Other, primarily translation adjustment1—
Ending balance, March 31$61$55

The product warranty liability is classified in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31, 2024
Other current liabilities$32$36
Other non-current liabilities2925
Total product warranty liability$61$61

NOTE 11 NOTES PAYABLE AND DEBT

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had debt outstanding as follows:

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31, 2024
5.000% Senior Notes due 10/01/25 ($24 million par value)$24$24
6.750% Senior Notes due 04/15/29 ($525 million par value)518518
6.625% Senior Notes due 10/15/32 ($450 million par value)444444
Finance leases32
Total long-term debt$989$988
Less: current portion2525
Long-term debt, net of current portion$964$963

The Company’s long-term debt includes various covenants, none of which are expected to restrict future operations. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of March 31, 2025.

As of March 31, 2025, the estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term debt totaled $998 million, which is $12 million higher than carrying value for the same period. As of December 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of the Company’s long-term debt totaled $1,007 million, which is $21 million higher than carrying value for the same period. Fair market values of the long-term debt are developed using observable values for similar debt instruments, which are considered Level 2 inputs as defined by ASC Topic 820. The carrying values of the Company’s finance leases approximate fair value. The fair value estimates do not necessarily reflect the values the Company could realize in the current markets.

The Company has a $500 million revolving credit facility (the Revolving Facility) which matures in July 2028. The Revolving Facility contains customary events of default and various financial covenants including debt to EBITDA and interest coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenants as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company hadno outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Facility, and availability of $499 million.

NOTE 12 OTHER CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Additional detail related to liabilities is presented in the table below:

(in millions)March 31,2025December 31,2024
Other current liabilities:
Customer related$79$98
Payroll and employee related78106
Income taxes payable3635
Accrued interest3317
Product warranties (Note 10)3236
Operating leases1717
Accrued freight1617
Uncertain tax positions147
Refundable customer deposits109
Supplier related108
Legal and professional fees86
Other non-income taxes53
Employee termination benefits44
Deferred engineering46
Other5153
Total other current liabilities$397$422
Other non-current liabilities:
Deferred income taxes$60$55
Operating leases3739
Product warranties (Note 10)2925
Deferred income1611
Uncertain tax positions98
Other1112
Total other non-current liabilities$162$150

NOTE 13 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s financial instruments may include long-term debt, interest rate and cross-currency swaps, commodity derivative contracts and foreign currency derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are placed with counterparties that have a Standard and Poor’s (S&P), or equivalent, investment grade credit rating at the time of the contracts’ placement. An adjustment for non-performance risk is considered in the estimate of fair value in derivative assets based on the counterparty credit default swap (CDS) rate. When the Company is in a net derivative liability position, the non-performance risk adjustment is based on its CDS rate. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no derivative contracts that contained credit-risk-related contingent features.

The Company is exposed to certain market risks relating to our ongoing business operations, including foreign currency exchange rate risk, commodity price risk and interest rate risk. The Company, at times, may use certain financial instruments, primarily derivative contracts, to protect against these risks. The Company uses financial instruments to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk related toforecasted cash flows, including capital expenditures, purchases, operating expenses or sales transactions, and the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operating unit, and the foreign currency risk exposure associated with our net investment in certain foreign operations.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the USD equivalent notional values of outstanding currency derivative instruments used for foreign currency cash flow hedging were $126 million and $85 million, respectively. These amounts were primarily related to Euro denominated forward contracts at British Pound functional currency locations.

Derivative instruments designated as foreign currency cash flow hedges, as defined by ASC Topic 815, had no material gains or losses recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive loss at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, or in Net earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no significant derivative asset or liability balances recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as being payable to or receivable from counterparties under ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”.

The table below shows deferred gains (losses) reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCI) as well as the amount expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less for designated net investment hedges.

(in millions) · Deferred gain (loss) in AOCI at · Gain (loss) expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less
Contract Type · March 31, 2025 · December 31, 2024
Foreign currency$(10)$(11)$—

The gains and losses attributable to the financial instrument designated as a net investment hedge were recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) during the periods presented below.

(in millions)Three Months Ended March 31,
Net investment hedges20252024
Foreign currency$1$(2)

The Company utilizes foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedging instruments to mitigate the variability of the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the operating units' functional currency. In February 2025, the Company entered into a $100 million notional value Chinese Yuan (CNY), United States Dollar (USD) fixed rate cross currency swap intended to mitigate the remeasurement of an intercompany loan. The cross-currency swap derivative resulted in a $1 million gain for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. At March 31, 2025, the $1 million fair value of the cross currency swap was recorded in Prepayments and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

NOTE 14 RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors various defined contribution savings plans, primarily in the U.S., that allow employees to contribute a portion of their pre-tax and/or after-tax income in accordance with plan specified guidelines. The Company also has a number of defined benefit pension plans. Under specified conditions, the Company will make contributions to the plans and/or match a percentage of the employee contributions up to certain limits. The estimated contributions to the defined benefit pension plans for 2025 range from $5 million to $9 million, of which less than $1 million has been contributed through the first three months of the year.

The components of net periodic benefit income recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Service cost$1$1
Interest cost1111
Expected return on plan assets(10)(10)
Amortization of unrecognized loss—(1)
Net periodic benefit cost$2$1

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in Other postretirement expense, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 15 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

The changes of the Stockholders’ Equity items during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, are as follows:

(in millions)Issued common stockAdditional paid-in-capitalTreasury stockRetained earningsAccumulated other comprehensive lossTotal equity
Balance, December 31, 2024$1$1,976$(230)$44(217)$1,574
Dividends declared ($0.27 per share)———(11)—(11)
Stock-based compensation expense—4———4
Purchase of treasury stock——(100)——(100)
Excise tax on purchase of treasury stock——(1)——(1)
Net issuance of executive stock plan—(10)4——(6)
Net earnings———26—26
Other comprehensive income————5151
Balance, March 31, 2025$1$1,970$(327)$59$(166)$1,537
(in millions)Issued common stockAdditional paid-in-capitalTreasury stockRetained earningsAccumulated other comprehensive lossTotal equity
Balance, December 31, 2023$1$2,031$(23)$9$(131)$1,887
Dividends declared ($0.25 per share)———(12)—(12)
Stock-based compensation expense—4———4
Purchase of treasury stock——(23)——(23)
Net issuance of executive stock plan—(7)4——(3)
Net earnings———29—29
Other comprehensive loss————(22)(22)
Spin-Off related adjustments—(10)———(10)
Balance, March 31, 2024$1$2,018$(42)$26$(153)$1,850

NOTE 16 ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following tables summarize the activity within accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

(in millions)Foreign currency translation adjustmentsDefined benefit pension plansTotal
Beginning balance, December 31, 2024$(193)$(24)$(217)
Comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications52(1)51
Ending Balance, March 31, 2025$(141)$(25)$(166)
(in millions)Foreign currency translation adjustmentsDefined benefit pension plansTotal
Beginning balance, December 31, 2023$(98)$(33)$(131)
Comprehensive loss before reclassifications(21)(2)(23)
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss—11
Ending Balance, March 31, 2024$(119)$(34)$(153)

NOTE 17 CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, governmental investigations and related proceedings, including relating to alleged or actual violations of vehicle emissions standards, general liability and various other risks.

It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. The Company records accruals for outstanding legal matters when it believes it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, developments in commercial and legal matters that could affect the amount of any accrual and developments that would make a loss contingency both probable and reasonably estimable. If a loss contingency is not both probable and reasonably estimable, the Company does not establish an accrued liability. Except as set forth below, the Company’s management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints that are currently pending will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. An adverse outcome could, nonetheless, be material to the results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

BorgWarner Dispute

In September 2024, the Former Parent filed a claim against the Company in Delaware Superior Court seeking, inter alia, a judicial declaration that the Company is obligated under the Tax Matters Agreement entered into by the Company and the Former Parent in connection with the Spin-Off to remit to the Former Parent monies refunded, or to be refunded, to the Company from tax authorities that relate to certain indirect tax payments made prior to the Spin-Off. In November 2024, the Company filed, in Delaware Superior Court, a response to the Former Parent’s claim and asserted a number of counterclaims and, in December 2024, the Former Parent filed a motion to dismiss the Company’s counterclaims, which the Company opposed. On April 10, 2025, the Delaware Superior Court denied the Former Parent’s motion to dismiss the counterclaims. The Company believes it has meritorious arguments in response to the Former Parent’s claim and with respect to its own claims, however, the

Company is unable to determine the ultimate outcome of this matter or determine an estimate of potential losses. It is reasonably possible, but not probable, that the resolution of this matter could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and/or cash flows.

NOTE 18 EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock (EPS) amounts. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the reporting period.

The dilutive impact of stock-based compensation is calculated using the treasury stock method. The treasury stock method assumes that the Company uses the assumed proceeds from the exercise of awards to repurchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method include the purchase price that the grantee will pay in the future and compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized.

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions, except per share amounts)20252024
Basic earnings per share:
Net earnings$26$29
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding40.746.1
Basic earnings per share of common stock$0.64$0.63
Diluted earnings per share:
Net earnings$26$29
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding40.746.1
Effect of stock-based compensation0.80.4
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding including dilutive shares41.546.5
Diluted earnings per share of common stock$0.63$0.62
Anti-dilutive stock-based awards excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share0.1—

NOTE 19 REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION

The Company’s business is comprised oftwo reportable segments, which are further described below. These segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of related automotive components and systems.

Fuel Systems. This segment provides advanced fuel injection systems, fuel delivery modules, canisters, sensors, electronic control modules and associated software. Our highly engineered fuel injection systems portfolio includes pumps, injectors, fuel rail assemblies, engine control modules, and complete systems, including software and calibration services, that reduce emissions and improve fuel economy for traditional and hybrid applications.

Aftermarket. Through this segment, the Company sells products to independent aftermarket customers and OES customers. Its product portfolio includes a wide range of products as well as maintenance, test equipment and vehicle diagnostics solutions. The Aftermarket segment also includes sales of starters and alternators to OEMs.

Segment Adjusted Operating Income (AOI) is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. Segment AOI is comprised of segment operating income adjusted for restructuring, transaction-related costs, impairment charges and other items not reflective of ongoing operating income or loss, and acquisition-related intangibles amortization expense because it pertains to non-cash expenses that the Company does not use to evaluate core operating performance. Management believes Segment AOI is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of its reportable segments. Segment AOI excludes certain corporate costs, which primarily represent corporate expenses not directly attributable to the individual segments.

The Company’s chief operating decision maker (CODM) is the chief executive officer.

The CODM uses Segment AOI for the financial planning and review process. The CODM considers actual-to-forecast and actual-to-actual variances on a quarterly basis for Segment AOI when making decisions about the allocation of operating and capital resources to each segment. The CODM also uses Segment AOI for evaluating pricing strategy and to assess the performance of each segment by comparing the results of each segment with one another and in determining the compensation of certain employees.

The following tables show segment revenues and significant expenses for the Company’s reportable segments:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Fuel SystemsAftermarketInter-segment EliminationsConsolidated
(in millions)
Net sales from external customers$473$323$—$796
Inter-segment eliminations$55$—$(55)$—
Net Sales$528$323$(55)$796
Less:
Cost of sales444235
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excluding Net R&D costs shown separately below)11531
Net R&D costs253
Other segment items2(1)2
Segment AOI$45$52
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Fuel SystemsAftermarketInter-segment EliminationsConsolidated
(in millions)
Net sales from external customers$527$336$—$863
Inter-segment eliminations$49$2$(51)$—
Net Sales$576$338$(51)$863
Less:
Cost of sales482240
Selling, general and administrative expenses (excluding Net R&D costs shown separately below)11634
Net R&D costs243
Other segment items2(1)1
Segment AOI$55$60

1 Excludes acquisition-related intangible amortization.2 Other segment items include inter-segment fees and other income.

The following table shows a reconciliation of Segment AOI to Earnings before income taxes for the Company’s reportable segments:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Fuel Systems$45$55
Aftermarket5260
Segment Adjusted Operating Income97115
Corporate, including stock-based compensation2418
Amortization of acquisition-related intangibles77
Transaction-related (benefits) costs(1)17
Restructuring expense52
Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax(4)(3)
Interest income(4)(4)
Interest expense1922
Other postretirement expense, net1—
Earnings before income taxes$50$56

Segment Information

Segment information as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 is presented in the tables below:

Assets
(in millions)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Fuel Systems$1,955$1,902
Aftermarket1,3881,332
Total3,3433,234
Corporate1405534
Consolidated$3,748$3,768

1 Corporate assets include cash and cash equivalents, investments and long-term receivables, and deferred income taxes.

Depreciation/amortizationThree Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Fuel Systems$30$34
Aftermarket66
Total3640
Corporate11
Consolidated$37$41
Long-lived asset expenditures1Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
Fuel Systems$31$38
Aftermarket34
Total3442
Corporate11
Consolidated$35$43

1 Long-lived asset expenditures include capital expenditures and tooling outlays.

NOTE 20 OPERATING CASH FLOW AND OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)20252024
OPERATING
Net earnings$26$29
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and tooling amortization3034
Intangible asset amortization77
Restructuring expense, net of cash paid12
Stock-based compensation expense44
Deferred income tax expense14
Other non-cash adjustments, net(3)2
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding foreign currency translation adjustments:
Receivables(12)(36)
Inventories(25)(6)
Prepayments and other current assets(8)(13)
Accounts payable and other current liabilities126
Prepaid taxes and income taxes payable312
Other assets and liabilities4(14)
Net cash provided by operating activities$40$31
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid (received) during the year for:
Interest, net$(3)$14
Income taxes, net of refunds$12$15

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Form 10-Q) to “PHINIA,” the “Company,” “we, “our” or “us” refer to PHINIA Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements are statements other than historical fact that provide current expectations or forecasts of future events based on certain assumptions and are not guarantees of future performance. Forward-looking statements use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “designed,” “effect,” “estimate,” “evaluate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “goal,” “initiative,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “pursue,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “when,” “will,” “would,” and other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and factors relating to our business and operations, all of which are difficult to predict and which could cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Risks, uncertainties, and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those implied by these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

adverse changes in general business and economic conditions, including recessions, adverse market conditions or downturns impacting the vehicle and industrial equipment industries;

our ability to deliver new products, services and technologies in response to changing consumer preferences, increased regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, and acceleration of the market for electric vehicles;

competitive industry conditions;

failure to identify, consummate, effectively integrate or realize the expected benefits from acquisitions or partnerships;

pricing pressures from OEMs;

inflation rates and volatility in the costs of commodities used in the production of our products;

changes in U.S. and foreign administrative policy, including tariffs, changes to existing trade agreements and import or export licensing requirements, and any resulting changes in international trade relations;

our ability to protect our intellectual property;

failure of or disruption in our information technology infrastructure, including a disruption related to cybersecurity;

our ability to identify, attract, retain and develop a qualified global workforce;

difficulties launching new vehicle programs;

failure to achieve the anticipated savings and benefits from restructuring and product portfolio optimization actions;

extraordinary events, including natural disasters or extreme weather events, fires or similar catastrophic events, political disruptions, terrorist attacks, pandemics or other public health crises, and acts of war;

risks related to our international operations;

the impact of economic, political, social and market conditions on our business in China;

our reliance on a limited number of OEM customers;

supply chain disruptions, including due to U.S. and foreign government action;

work stoppages, production shutdowns and similar events or conditions;

governmental investigations and related proceedings regarding vehicle emissions standards, including the ongoing investigation into diesel defeat devices;

current and future environmental, health and safety, human rights and other laws and regulations;

the impacts of climate change, regulations related to climate change and various stakeholders’ emphasis on climate change and other related matters;

compliance with and changes in other laws and regulations;

liabilities related to product warranties, litigation and other claims;

tax audits and changes in tax laws or tax rates taken by taxing authorities;

impairment charges on goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets;

the impact of changes in interest rates and asset returns on our pension funding obligations;

the impact of restrictive covenants and other requirements on our financial and operating flexibility pursuant to the agreements governing our indebtedness;

risks relating to the Spin-Off, including our ability to achieve some or all of the benefits that we expect to achieve from the Spin-Off, a determination that the Spin-Off does not qualify as tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and our or our Former Parent’s failure to perform under, or additional disputes that may arise between the parties relating to, various transaction agreements executed in connection with the Spin-Off; and

other risks and uncertainties described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of our annual Form 10-K and in our other reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.