Skip to main content

NET Power Inc.

For the period ended Jun 30, 2025. Filed Aug 11, 2025.

View on SEC.gov

About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Jun 30, 2025 · Filed Aug 11, 2025

NPWR$0.84-0.3%Stored close · as of Nov 10, 2026

Extracted filing text, with the paragraph anchors used by the comparison.

See the whole filing, with its images and exhibits

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

In thousands, except par value

June 30,December 31,
20252024
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$284,024$329,230
Short-term investments—100,000
Investments in securities, available-for-sale119,37478,344
Interest receivable1,7283,682
Prepaid expenses and other current assets3,3801,774
Total current assets408,506513,030
Long-term assets
Restricted cash2,4702,446
Investments in securities, available-for-sale68,91322,628
Intangible assets, net1,208,2951,241,343
Goodwill—359,847
Property, plant, and equipment, net96,595151,470
Operating lease right-of-use assets4,0282,699
Other long-term assets667652
Total assets$1,789,474$2,294,115
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY, AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$1,045$3,092
Accrued liabilities10,0907,407
Due to related parties29,4596,537
Operating lease liabilities, current portion1,025683
Finance lease liabilities, current portion187187
Earnout Shares liability21—
Total current liabilities41,82717,906
Earnout Shares liability—1,958
Warrant liability7,64181,283
Asset retirement obligation3,4273,265
Non-current operating lease liabilities2,9932,125
Non-current finance lease liabilities28110
Tax Receivable Agreement liability—20,974
Deferred taxes3,0794,306
Total liabilities58,995131,927
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Continued)

In thousands, except par value

June 30,December 31,
20252024
Mezzanine shareholders' equity
Redeemable non-controlling interests in subsidiary1,114,2791,506,584
Shareholders' equity
Preferred Stock, $.0001 par value; 1,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024——
Class A Common Stock, $.0001 par value; 520,000 shares authorized; 77,879 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and 76,760 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 202488
Class B Common Stock, $.0001 par value; 310,000 shares authorized; 141,340 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and 139,691 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 20241414
Additional paid-in capital879,653771,594
Accumulated other comprehensive loss6132
Accumulated deficit(263,536)(116,044)
Total shareholders' equity616,200655,604
Total liabilities, mezzanine shareholders' equity, and shareholders' equity$1,789,474$2,294,115

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)

In thousands, except per share data

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
Revenue$—$238$—$238
Cost of revenue—30—30
Gross profit—208—208
Operating expenses
General and administrative13,5787,78722,27014,097
Sales and marketing1,4928762,6791,628
Research and development26,61815,48349,21826,751
Project development27,19886931,6871,291
Goodwill impairment and other charges——415,897—
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion21,66920,04743,35640,079
Total operating expenses90,55545,062565,10783,846
Operating loss(90,555)(44,854)(565,107)(83,638)
Other income
Interest income5,4669,02911,34516,719
Change in Earnout Shares liability and Warrant liability1,41516,24975,5801,671
Change in Tax Receivable Agreement liability——21,317—
Other income5668
Net other income6,88625,284108,24818,398
Net loss before income tax(83,669)(19,570)(456,859)(65,240)
Income tax benefit1,6222,3531,2266,391
Net loss after income tax(82,047)(17,217)(455,633)(58,849)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests(53,905)(12,949)(308,141)(43,160)
Net loss attributable to NET Power Inc.$(28,142)$(4,268)$(147,492)$(15,689)
Other comprehensive income
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments66(860)82(198)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)66(860)82(198)
Comprehensive loss(81,981)(18,077)(455,551)(59,047)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests(53,862)(13,518)(308,141)(43,291)
Comprehensive loss attributable to NET Power Inc.$(28,119)$(4,559)$(147,410)$(15,756)
Loss per share of Class A Common Stock, basic and diluted$(0.36)$(0.06)$(1.91)$(0.22)
Weighted average shares of Class A Common Stock, basic and diluted77,69972,17777,35072,036

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Mezzanine Shareholders' Equity and Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)

Class A Common Stock · Class B Common Stock · Additional Paid-in Capital · Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) · Accumulated Deficit · Total Shareholders' Equity · Non-controlling Interests - Mezzanine Equity
Shares · Amount · Shares · Amount
Balance at December 31, 202476,760$8139,691$14$771,594$32$(116,044)$655,604$1,506,584
Redemption of Class B Common Stock300—(300)—1,489——1,489(1,489)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock3———41——41(14)
Increase in Tax Receivable Agreement liability from qualifying exchanges————(343)——(343)—
Unrealized gain on investments—————6—610
Amortization of share-based payments——1,175—1,172——1,1729,053
Adjustment of redeemable non-controlling interest to book value————98,592——98,592(98,592)
Net loss——————(119,350)(119,350)(254,236)
Balance at March 31, 202577,063$8140,566$14$872,545$38$(235,394)$637,211$1,161,316
Redemption of Class B Common Stock473—(474)—2,148——2,148(2,148)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock343———1,553——1,553(1,559)
Unrealized gain on investments—————23—2343
Amortization of share-based payments——1,248—3,407——3,40710,532
Net loss——————(28,142)(28,142)(53,905)
Balance at June 30, 202577,879$8141,340$14$879,653$61$(263,536)$616,200$1,114,279

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Mezzanine Shareholders' Equity and Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) (Continued)

Class A Common Stock · Class B Common Stock · Additional Paid-in Capital · Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income · Accumulated Deficit · Total Shareholders' Equity · Non-controlling Interests - Mezzanine Equity
Shares · Amount · Shares · Amount
Balance at December 31, 202371,278$7141,787$14$851,841$—$(66,853)$785,009$1,545,905
Redemption of Class B Common Stock680—(680)—74——74(74)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock13———4,032——4,032(4,005)
Tax Receivable Agreement, net of deferred taxes————(567)——(567)—
Unrealized gain on investments—————224—224438
Amortization of share-based payments——694—647——6475,622
Adjustment of redeemable non-controlling interest to redemption value————(118,225)——(118,225)118,225
Net loss——————(11,421)(11,421)(30,211)
Balance at March 31, 202471,970$7141,802$14$737,802$224$(78,274)$659,773$1,635,900
Redemption of Class B Common Stock611—(611)—708——708(708)
Issuance of Class A Common Stock2———29——29(3)
Exercise of Warrants1———10——10—
Tax Receivable Agreement, net of deferred taxes————674——674—
Unrealized loss on investments——————(291)(291)(568)
Amortization of share-based payments——650—1,114——1,1147,417
Adjustment of redeemable non-controlling interest to redemption value, net of deferred taxes————72,746——72,746(118,225)
Net loss—————(4,268)—(4,268)(12,949)
Balance at June 30, 202472,584$7141,841$14$813,083$(82,542)$(67)$730,495$1,510,864

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

Six Months Ended June 30,
20252024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss after income tax$(455,633)$(58,849)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion43,35640,079
Goodwill impairment and other charges415,897—
Non-cash income(1,025)(1,376)
Deferred taxes(1,227)(6,391)
Change in fair value of Earnout Shares liability and Warrant liability(75,580)(1,671)
Change in Tax Receivable Agreement liability(21,317)—
Share-based compensation expense24,10314,800
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net—(185)
Interest receivable2,8961,611
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(1,606)(825)
Other long-term assets(15)(420)
Accounts payable(2,047)1,367
Accrued liabilities4,302935
Due to related parties22,92288
Net cash used in operating activities(44,974)(10,837)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(130,602)(121,656)
Maturities of available-for-sale securities43,35020,750
Maturities of short-term investments100,000—
Capitalized software(834)(412)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment(12,023)(17,273)
Net cash used in investing activities(109)(118,591)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of Class A Common Stock, including exercise of Warrants—61
Payments on finance lease obligations(99)—
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(99)61
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(45,182)(129,367)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period331,676536,927
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period$286,494$407,560

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (Continued)

Six Months Ended June 30,
20252024
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities:
Change in accruals for capital expenditures$(1,612)$120
Operating lease right-of use asset acquired1,591—
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the consolidated balance sheet:
Cash and cash equivalents$284,024$405,145
Restricted cash2,4702,415
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$286,494$407,560

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 1 — Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Business

NET Power Inc. (“Net Power” or the “Company”) is a clean energy technology company that has developed a proprietary process for producing electricity using a predominantly carbon dioxide working fluid that involves the capture and reuse, sale and sequestration of carbon dioxide (the “Net Power Cycle”). The Net Power Cycle is the subject of U.S. and foreign patents, as well as additional applications and provisional applications on file with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and international patent authorities.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial information; however, certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in complete financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP may have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In management’s opinion, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024 and include all adjustments, which consist of only normal and recurring adjustments, necessary for fair statement. Certain prior period financial information has been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

The results reported in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2025 (the “2024 Annual Report”).

NOTE 2 — Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies used to prepare these condensed consolidated financial statements, unless otherwise noted below, are consistent with those used for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. Accordingly, refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in the 2024 Annual Report for the Company’s significant accounting policies.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. The estimates, judgments and assumptions made by the Company when accounting for items and matters such as, but not limited to, depreciation, amortization, asset valuations and share-based compensation were based on information available at the time they were made. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as amounts reported on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss during the periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting

In accordance with ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), the Company has determined that it hasone operating segment andone reportable segment, which includes all of the Company’s consolidated accounts. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is its Chief Executive Officer. The CODM focuses on consolidated operating income (loss), with a focus on research and development and general and administrative expenses, along with interest income to assess the Company’s performance and allocate resources. Segment expenses and other segment items are provided to the CODM on the same basis as disclosed in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The measure of segment assets is reported on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as total assets.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

During December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740)—Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires companies to provide annually a tabular reconciliation of the reported income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations to the product of the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and the applicable statutory federal income tax rate using specified categories and to disclose separately reconciling items within certain categories with absolute values equal to or greater than five percent of the product of the income (or loss) from continuing operations before tax and the applicable statutory tax rate. Additionally, ASU 2023-09 requires a public business entity to disclose the year-to-date amount of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, to federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. If a payment to a single federal, state or foreign jurisdiction equals or exceeds five percent of total income taxes paid, ASU 2023-09 requires separate disclosure of that payment. Finally, ASU 2023-09 requires a public business entity to disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign jurisdictions and to disclose income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated between federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 removes the requirement to disclose the nature and estimate of the range of reasonably possible increases or decreases in the unrecognized tax benefits balance in the next 12 months, or to make a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. ASU 2023-09 is effective for the Company for calendar years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact to its income tax disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses(“ASU 2024-03”), which requires new tabular disclosures in the notes to consolidated financial statements, disaggregating certain cost and expense categories within relevant captions on the consolidated statements of operations. The prescribed cost and expense categories requiring disaggregated disclosures include purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization, along with certain other expense disclosures already required by U.S. GAAP that would need to be integrated within the new tabular disaggregated expense disclosures. Additionally, the amendments also require the disclosure of total selling expenses and an entity's definition of those expenses. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and for subsequent interim periods. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments should be applied on a prospective basis, although retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact the new accounting standard will have on its expense disclosures.

NOTE 3 — Investments

As of June 30, 2025, the Company is only invested inavailable-for-sale securities. The Company’s $100 million certificate of deposit previously held by the Company matured and the interest receivable on the certificate of deposit was collected in June 2025.

The following tables present the Company’s available-for-sale investments included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

$ in thousandsJune 30, 2025
Current assetsAmortized CostUnrealized Gain (Loss)Fair Value
Corporate bonds$18,462$(1)$18,461
Commercial paper28,153—28,153
U.S. treasuries72,6986172,760
Total$119,313$60$119,374
Long-term assetsAmortized CostUnrealized GainFair Value
Corporate bonds$31,772$64$31,836
U.S. treasuries36,95811937,077
Total$68,730$183$68,913
$ in thousandsDecember 31, 2024
Current assetsAmortized CostUnrealized GainFair Value
Corporate bonds$11,006$15$11,021
Commercial paper8,629—8,629
U.S. treasuries58,6375758,694
Total$78,272$72$78,344
Long-term assetsAmortized CostUnrealized GainFair Value
U.S. treasuries$22,538$90$22,628
Total$22,538$90$22,628

The cost of securities sold, if any, is based on the specific-identification method. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no securities sold. There were no credit losses recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The Company established no allowances for credit losses as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company’s long-term avai lable-for-sale investments mature through June 2027.

NOTE 4 — Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the assets and liabilities that the Company measures at fair value on a recurring basis included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and indicates the level of the valuation inputs the

Company utilized to determine the fair value:

June 30, · December 31,
$ in thousandsLevel20252024
Assets
Available-for-sale investments1$188,287$100,972
Short-term investments2—100,000
Total assets$188,287$200,972
Liabilities
Public Warrants1$2,845$31,034
Private Placement Warrants34,79650,249
Earnout Shares3211,958
Total liabilities$7,662$83,241

The following table contains a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands2025202420252024
Balance of recurring Level 3 liabilities at beginning of period$6,404$47,164$52,207$38,622
Change in Earnout Shares liability(61)(743)(1,937)(267)
Change in Private Placement Warrant liability(1,526)(10,246)(45,453)(2,180)
Balance of recurring Level 3 liabilities at end of period$4,817$36,175$4,817$36,175

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments are valued at cost, which approximates fair value. The fair value of the short-term investments is considered a Level 2 fair value measurement because cost basis is observable, but not in an active market.

Available-for-sale Securities

The fair value of the available-for-sale investments is classified as a Level 1 fair value measurement, because the investments are valued using the most recent quoted prices for identical assets in active markets.

Warrants

The Public Warrants are exercisable for 8,624,974 shares of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. The Company may redeem the Public Warrants for $0.01 if the last reported trading price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock price equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period. Additionally, the Public Warrants may be redeemed if the last reported trading price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock equals or exceeds $10.00 and is below $18.00 by paying a make-whole premium. The Public Warrants expire June 8, 2028. The Public Warrants are valued using their quoted and publicly available market prices. Since their fair value is predicated on quoted prices in an active market for identical instruments, the fair value of the Public Warrants is considered a Level 1 fair value measurement.

The Private Placement Warrants are exercisable for 10,900,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share. The Private Placement Warrants expire June 8, 2028. The Private Placement Warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are non-redeemable as long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. The Private Placement Warrants and Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants are entitled to registration rights.

The Company uses a Black-Scholes Merton Model to value the Private Placement Warrants. Key inputs into the Black-Scholes Merton Model include the last Class A Common Stock closing price of $2.47 as of June 30, 2025 with a strike price of $11.50 per share. The volatility assumption is based on a blended average of equity volatility of publicly traded companies within the Company’s peer group, the Company's own historical volatility, and the implied volatility of the Public Warrants. The fair value of the Private Placement Warrants is considered a Level 3 fair value measurement.

The following table contains the key inputs used in the valuations of the Private Placement Warrants:

June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Term (in years)2.943.44
Volatility79.0%59.3%
Risk-free rate3.6%4.2%

Earnout Shares

The fair value of the Earnout Shares (as defined in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements included in the 2024 Annual Report) is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation. The Monte Carlo simulation considers daily simulated stock prices as a proxy for the Company’s daily volume-weighted average share price. Historically, the volatility assumption is based on a blended average of equity volatility of publicly traded companies within the Company’s peer group, the historical volatility of the Company’s Class A common stock, and the implied volatility of the Public Warrants. For the valuation as of June 30, 2025, the volatility assumption is based on the Company’s own historical volatility, implied volatility on the Company’s own common stock options, and the implied volatility of the Public Warrants.

The following table contains the key inputs used in the valuations of the Earnout Shares:

June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Term (in years)0.941.43
Volatility85.0%59.7%
Risk-free rate3.9%4.1%

NOTE 5 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represented the future economic benefits derived from the Company’s unique market position, the growth attributable to the Net Power Cycle and the Company’s assembled workforce, none of which are individually and separately recognized as intangible assets. Goodwill was allocated to the Company’s sole reportable segment and reporting unit.

The following table presents the changes to goodwill included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

June 30,December 31,
$ in thousands20252024
Balance at the beginning of the period$359,847$423,920
Impairment(359,847)—
Measurement adjustments—(64,073)
Balance at the end of the period$—$359,847

In March 2025, the Company assessed its goodwill for impairment. Due to a change in the Company’s business plan, as discussed below, and related sustained decrease in the Company’s market capitalization, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of its goodwill was less than its carrying amount as of March 31, 2025. As a result, the Company fully impaired its goodwill and recognized an impairment of $359.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025, which is included in Goodwill impairment and other charges on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company completed its estimate of deferred taxes as of the Closing Date and finalized its purchase price allocation, which resulted in a measurement adjustment that reduced goodwill by$64.1 million.

Definite-Lived Intangible Assets

The following tables summarize the Company’s definite-lived intangible assets included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

June 30, · December 31,
20252024
$ in thousandsGross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet AmountGross AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Amount
Developed technology$1,345,000$(138,610)$1,206,390$1,345,000$(104,985)$1,240,015
Software(1)2,179(274)1,9051,407(79)1,328
Total definite-lived intangible assets$1,347,179$(138,884)$1,208,295$1,346,407$(105,064)$1,241,343

(1) Software includes$0.3 million and $0.6 million related to software work-in-progress asof June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

In March 2025, due to higher-than expected indicative cost estimates for its first utility-scale project, the Company identified a triggering event for evaluation of impairment of its long-term assets. As the Company is in the development stage, focusing on developing and commercializing its technology, it assessed its definite-lived intangible assets, the Demonstration Plant, and other corporate assets for impairment as an asset group. The results of the recoverability test performed in March 2025 indicated thatno impairment was required, and the Company did not identify any indicators that the asset group may be impaired as of June 30, 2025.

The following table presents the Company’s amortization expense for the following periods:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands2025202420252024
Amortization expense$16,974$16,828$33,847$33,640

The Company does not own or control any intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. The following table presents estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter (in thousands):

Remaining 2025$33,857
202667,715
202767,715
202867,715
202967,542
2030 and thereafter903,751
Total$1,208,295

NOTE 6 — Property, Plant, and Equipment

The following table summarizes the key classifications of property, plant, and equipment included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

June 30,December 31,
$ in thousands20252024
Demonstration Plant$122,352$122,845
Furniture and equipment1,1731,069
Assets acquired under finance lease349349
Construction-in-progress3,32648,438
Total property, plant, and equipment, gross127,200172,701
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1)(30,605)(21,231)
Total property, plant, and equipment, net$96,595$151,470

(1) As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $45 thousand and $18 thousand, respectively, of accumulated depreciation and amortization is related to amortization of the finance lease right-of-use assets.

As of December 31, 2024, Construction-in-progress in the table above includes capitalized costs related to Project Permian, the Company’s first utility-scale facility. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company initiated a value engineering process to assess the project’s feasibility and optimize its design and temporarily paused further long lead equipment releases. Consequently, $56.1 million of costs previously included in Construction-in-progress were expensed during the first quarter of 2025. This amount is included in Goodwill impairment and other charges in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

See discussion of the impairment test performed for the Demonstration Plant in Note 5 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets.

The following table presents the Company’s depreciation expense for the following periods:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands2025202420252024
Depreciation expense$4,613$3,176$9,347$6,353

NOTE 7 — Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

June 30,December 31,
$ in thousands20252024
Incentive compensation$1,596$2,916
Capital expenditures6732,285
Accrued project expenses4,743—
Professional fees1,8321,143
Other accrued liabilities1,2461,063
Total accrued liabilities$10,090$7,407

NOTE 8 — Leases

On March 7, 2025, the Company entered into a building lease agreement for a warehouse in La Porte, Texas that commenced in April 2025. The lease has an initial term of 62 months and contains a renewal option offive years. The future minimum lease payments associated with this lease are approximately$2.1 million.

NOTE 9 — Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Subsidiary

The following table presents the Company and the non-controlling interest (“NCI”) ownership percentage of the membership interests in OpCo as of the following periods:

June 30,December 31,
20252024
Non-controlling interest holders64.4%64.4%
NET Power Inc.35.6%35.6%

The Company measures redeemable NCI each quarter at the higher of its book value or its redemption value. As of June 30, 2025, the Company measured redeemable NCI at book value. As of December 31, 2024, the Company measured redeemable NCI atredemption value. The adjustment to record redeemable NCI at book or redemption value is recorded through Additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated statement of mezzanine shareholders' equity and shareholders' equity.

OpCo’s net loss before income tax was attributed to redeemable NCI holders at 64.4% and 66.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. OpCo’s net loss before income tax was attributed to redeemable NCI holders at 64.4% and 66.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

NOTE 10 — Share-Based Compensation

The following table presents the aggregate share-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, for the following periods:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands2025202420252024
Share-based compensation expense$13,907$8,531$24,103$14,800

Performance Stock Units

As of June 30, 2025, there was$1.1 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested performance stock units (“PSUs”).

During the second quarter of 2025, there were 524,000 PSUs awarded to certain executives for which the vesting occurs upon the achievement of specific market-based conditions related to the Company’s financial performance over athree-year period, modified based on the Company’s Relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) and subject to final vesting based on the participant’s continued employment through the end of the requisite service period. The amount of awards that will ultimately vest for the PSU can range from 0% to 200% based on the TSR calculated over athree-year period. The fair value of the PSUs was determined using the Monte Carlo Simulation model and is being expensed over thethree-year vesting period. The assumptions used to calculate the fair value of these awards were:

Weighted average expected life3 years
Risk-free interest rates3.9%
Expected volatility80.0%

The following table presents a summary of PSU activity as of June 30, 2025 and the changes during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

In thousands, except per share dataQuantityWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Unvested, beginning of period128$16.24
Granted5242.89
Forfeited(330)5.03
Unvested, end of period322$6.00

Stock Options

As of June 30, 2025, there was $4.5 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to stock options.

The stock options granted to employees during the second quarter of 2025 veston theone-year anniversary of the date of grant. The Company will recognize compensation expense from the grant date through the expected vesting date. The fair value of the Company’s stock option grants was estimated utilizing the following assumptions using the Black-Scholes Merton model:

Weighted average expected life3 years
Risk-free interest rates3.87%
Expected volatility86.0%

The following table presents a summary of stock option activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

In thousands, except per share dataQuantityWeighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Unvested, beginning of period2,460$11.30
Granted4,0762.13
Forfeited(30)2.13
Unvested, end of period6,506$5.60

Restricted Stock Units

As of June 30, 2025, there was $7.4 million of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units (“RSUs”), which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average period ofthree years.

Generally, RSUs granted to employees and the majority of executives either cliff-vest on thethree-year anniversary of the date of grant or vest ratably on each anniversary of the date of grant over athree-year period. Annual awards granted to independent directors cliff-vest on the first anniversary of each award’s grant date.

The following table presents a summary of RSU activity during the six months ended June 30, 2025:

In thousands, except per share dataQuantityWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Unvested, beginning of period2,132$11.54
Granted2,1142.58
Vested(379)8.03
Forfeited(337)3.61
Unvested, end of period3,530$7.29

Refer to Note 13 — Related Party Transactions for information related to the BHES JDA.

NOTE 11 — Loss per Share

Basic loss per share attributable to shareholders is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share attributable to shareholders includes the effect of potentially dilutive common shares outstanding.

The following table sets forth the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted loss per share for the following periods:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands, except per share data2025202420252024
Numerator
Net loss after income tax$(82,047)$(17,217)$(455,633)$(58,849)
Net loss attributable to NET Power Inc.$(28,142)$(4,268)$(147,492)$(15,689)
Denominator
Weighted-average number shares outstanding, basic and diluted77,69972,17777,35072,036
Loss per share attributable to shareholders, basic and diluted$(0.36)$(0.06)$(1.91)$(0.22)

Only shares of Class A Common Stock participate in the Company’s undistributed earnings. As such, the Company’s undistributed earnings are allocated entirely to the Class A Common Stock based on the weighted-average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Based on the amounts outstanding at June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company excluded the following financial instruments from the computation of diluted loss per share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

In thousandsJune 30,
Anti-Dilutive Instruments20252024
Public Warrants8,6218,622
Private Placement Warrants10,90010,900
Earnout Shares329329
BHES Bonus Shares2,0682,068
Unvested Class A OpCo Units—242
Vested Class A OpCo Units142,331142,476
Unvested RSUs2,273933
Unvested PSUs322128
Make-Whole Awards1,2571,257
Stock Options6,5062,460
Total174,607169,415

NOTE 12 — Income Taxes

As of June 30, 2025, the Company estimated its annual effective tax rate to be 1.96%, and recorded a deferred income tax benefit of $1.6 million and $1.2 million for thethree and six months ended June 30, 2025. The annual effective tax rate varies from the statutory federal income tax rate due to amounts allocated to NCI, changes in the Company’s valuation allowance and other permanent items.

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted in the U.S. The OBBBA includes significant provisions, such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions. The legislation has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027. We are currently assessing its impact on our consolidated financial statements, however, do not expect a material impact to the financial statements at this time.

Tax Receivable Agreement

In March 2025, due to the Company’s decision to pause new purchase commitments for Project Permian’s long-lead equipment and commencement of a value engineering exercise to determine project cost reductions and better understand Project Permian’s expected economic feasibility, the Company determined it was not more likely than not that its deferred tax assets subject to the Tax Receivable Agreement (“TRA”) would be realized and therefore, reduced the TRA liability to zero as payments under the TRA were not considered probable. Accordingly, in March 2025, the Company recognized a $21.3 million reduction in the Tax Receivable Agreement liability, which is recorded in Change in Tax Receivable Agreement liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025.

On May 12, 2025, pursuant to its rights under the TRA, the Company delivered to the agent of the TRA holders notice of the Company’s intent to terminate the TRA (the “Early Termination Notice”). No early termination payment was payable for any TRA holder. The Early Termination Notice became final and binding on June 12, 2025.

NOTE 13 — Related Party Transactions

The following table summarizes the related party transactions included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands2025202420252024
Master services agreement administrative costs$42$27$69$52
General and administrative$42$27$69$52
Master services agreement costs for Demonstration Plant$668$395$1,254$662
BHES JDA20,17811,81938,00520,165
Research and development$20,846$12,214$39,259$20,827
BHES Limited Notice to Proceed19,533—19,533—
Project development$19,533$—$19,533$—

The Company had $29.5 millionand $6.5 million in current liabilities payable to related parties as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets related to the following services. These related party payables are unsecured and are due on demand.

Master Services Agreements

A significant shareholder provides the Company with patent administration services related to the development of the Net Power Cycle. These totals are included in General and administrative on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Another shareholder supports the Company with regard to general business oversight and with the operation of the Demonstration Plant. These totals are reflected in Research and development on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

BHES JDA

On February 3, 2022, the Company entered into the Original JDA, which was subsequently amended and restated on June 30, 2022 and December 13, 2022 with BHES to invest in, develop, and deploy the Net Power Cycle in collaboration with the Company. The BHES JDA is settled in cash and issuances of equity in exchange for services related to the development and commercialization of the technology. The Company records the expense for services provided by BHES within Research and development on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Upon the issuance of shares during the six months ended June 30, 2025, BHES’s ownership interest exceeded 5%; therefore, it is considered a related party for all periods presented.

The portion of BHES JDA costs that the Company pays with Class A OpCo Units and shares of Class B Common Stock is recorded within Additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and the condensed consolidated statement of mezzanine shareholders' equity and shareholders' equity. The following tables display the expense recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for shares distributed as payment for services rendered under the terms of the BHES JDA during the periods described below:

Quantity · Expense Recognized
Three Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
in thousands2025202420252024
Class A OpCo Units1,562942$10,323$6,228
Class B Common Stock1,562942——
Total$10,323$6,228
Quantity · Expense Recognized
Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
in thousands2025202420252024
Class A OpCo Units2,8091,592$18,570$10,526
Class B Common Stock2,8091,592——
Total$18,570$10,526

Shares issued as payment under the terms of the Amended and Restated JDA are issued at a discount expected to cause a total loss of approximately$17.5 million to the Company over the term of the agreement. The Company has incurred inception-to-date losses of$11.7 million related to such issuances. Additionally, if the volume-weighted average price of the Company’s stock forten consecutive trading days (“10-Day VWAP”) immediately preceding the payment date for services under the BHES JDA is less than $4.00 per share (the “Floor Price”), an incremental cash payment is required for the difference between the 10-Day VWAP and the Floor Price (the “BHES JDA Make-Whole Payment”). As of June 30, 2025, the Company had$1.3 million incurrent liabilities payable to related parties on the condensed consolidated balance sheets related to the BHES JDA Make-Whole Payment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company incurred $1.4 million and $3.9 million related to the BHES JDA Make-Whole Payment.

BHES may earn additional shares (“BHES Bonus Shares”) if it meets certain proposed project milestones related to the development of our technology. The Company determined that BHES’s achievement of each of these milestones is probable; therefore, the Company recognizes the compensation cost associated with milestone share-based payments ratably over the expected service period. The following table disaggregates the variable share-based compensation payable to BHES should it meet its milestone objectives:

$ in thousandsPerformance Period End DateCompensation Cost Incurred To DateRemaining Compensation CostTotal Compensation Cost
BHES JDAJanuary 2027$24,216$3,129$27,345

BHES Limited Notice to Proceed

Through June 30, 2025, the Company has incurred$41.5 million under a Letter of Limited Notice to Proceed forthe Purchase of KPEP Long Lead Time Items with BHES (the “BHES LNTP”), as amended, for the purchase of long-lead materials necessary for the procurement and manufacture of the turboexpander and related key process equipment and machinery for the Company’s first utility-scale power plant, along with related fees and services.

NOTE 14 — Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is party to certain legal actions and claims. Other than any such ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business and except as described below, the Company is not currently a party to, nor is our property currently subject to, any material legal proceedings, and the Company is not aware of any such proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities.

On April 18, 2025, an alleged stockholder of the Company (the “Plaintiff”), individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, filed a putative class action complaint for violation of federal securities laws against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer, President and Interim Chief Financial Officer, its former Chief Financial Officer and its former President and Chief Operating Officer (collectively, the “Defendants”) in the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina (the “Complaint”). The Complaint purports to bring a federal securities class action on behalf of a class of persons and entities other than the Defendants who acquired the Company’s securities between June 9, 2023 and March 7, 2025 and asserts violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The Complaint alleges, among other things, that the Defendants made materially false and misleading statements related to the Company’s business, operations and prospects, including the timing and costs of developing Project Permian. The Plaintiff seeks, among other things, certification of a class, an award of unspecified compensatory damages, interest, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and expert fees.

On May 29, 2025, an alleged stockholder of the Company, filed a derivative suit on behalf of the Company against the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, President and Interim Chief Financial Officer, its former Chief Financial Officer, its former President and Chief Operating Officer and its board of directors in the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, asserting claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and violations of federal securities laws (the “Derivative Complaint”). These claims are predicated on the same allegedly false and misleading statements regarding the time and capital needed to complete Project Permian that are the subject of the Complaint outlined above.

The Company intends to vigorously defend against the claims brought in both matters. In light of the complexity and ongoing and uncertain nature of the outstanding proceedings and inquiries, at this time we are unable to estimate a reasonably possible financial loss or range of financial loss, if any, that we may incur to resolve or settle these matters.

Asset Retirement Obligation

Under the terms of the lease for the Demonstration Plant, the Company is required to remove the Demonstration Plant and restore the land to post-clearing grade level. During 2024, the Company revised the estimate of its asset retirement obligation as a result of additional construction at the Demonstration Plant. The following table reconciles the beginning and ending balances of the asset retirement obligation as of the dates presented:

June 30,December 31,
$ in thousands20252024
Asset retirement obligation, beginning of period$3,265$2,060
Revision of estimate—996
Accretion expense162209
Asset retirement obligation, end of period$3,427$3,265

Unconditional Purchase Obligations

The Company has committed to purchase industrial components for installation at its Demonstration Plant and its first commercial power plant. The Company pays for these components in installments aligned to contractual milestones. In accordance with ASC Topic 440, Commitments, the Company does not recognize these commitments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $46.4 million of remaining purchase obligations through February 2027 related to the BHES JDA, which is expected to be settled 50% in cash and 50% in common stock, plus any incremental cash payments that may be owed for periods where the 10-Day VWAP is less than $4.00 per share in the 10 trading days preceding the date on which shares are to be issued to BHES. In addition, the Company had $70.4 million of additional remaining asset purchase obligations through 2026. Refer to Note 13 — Related Party Transactions for additional information related to the BHES JDA.

ContentsView on SEC.gov

The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.