GRI Bio, Inc.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, refers to controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to a company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (our principal financial officer) evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a 15(e) and 15d 15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2025 due to the material weakness described below.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance of the reliability of financial reporting and of the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes, in accordance with GAAP.

The term “internal control over financial reporting” as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act is defined as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, a company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and disposition of assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with the authorization of its management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding the prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on its financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures included in such controls may deteriorate.

Our Chief Executive Officer (our principal executive officer) and our Chief Financial Officer (our principal financial officer) have assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025. In making this assessment, management used the criteria established by the COSO in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). These criteria are in the areas of control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. Management’s assessment included documentation, evaluating and testing the design and operating effectiveness of its internal controls over financial reporting. Based upon management’s processes and assessments, as described above, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2025, our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective as the result of a material weakness. A material weakness in an internal control is defined as a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

This material weakness is related to the inherent limitations of the accounting software used to prepare our financial statements and the limited number of accounting personnel we employ. As a result of these software limitations and the limited number of accounting personnel, we determined that we have insufficient segregation of duties over the initiation, approval and recording of certain financial transactions. While we have implemented multiple compensating controls to mitigate these limitations, management has concluded that these compensating controls are not sufficient to preclude a material weakness as a result of this insufficiency of segregation of duties. Thus, management determined that our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective as of December 31, 2025.

Management has evaluated, and continues to evaluate, avenues for mitigating this material weakness, such as the retention of additional accounting personnel and/or the procurement of alternative accounting software, but these avenues have been deemed to be impractical and prohibitively costly, due to the size of our organization and resources available at the current time. Management expects to continue to utilize the compensating controls in place to mitigate the segregation of duty weakness and will seek to improve on such controls as reasonably possible, until such time as our resources allow for further remediation.

Management does not believe that this control weaknesses has resulted in deficient financial reporting because each of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer is aware of his or her responsibilities under the SEC's reporting requirements and personally certifies our financial reports. Further, we have implemented a series of manual checks and balances to verify that the initiation, approval and recording of certain financial transactions in the current and prior reporting periods has been properly authorized and recorded. So, while management has identified certain material weaknesses in our system of internal control over financial reporting, management believes that it has taken reasonable and sufficient steps to ascertain that the financial information contained in this Annual Report is presented in accordance with GAAP.

Thus, notwithstanding this material weakness, we believe that our financial statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly present our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods covered by this report in all material respects.

Remediation of Prior Material Weakness in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

As previously disclosed in Item 9A of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, our management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the inaccurate computation of the non-cash deemed dividend associated with the repricing of the Series B Common Warrants in accordance with applicable GAAP guidance. This inaccurate computation, if it had remained undetected, would have resulted in a single-digit percentage error in the amount of the net loss attributable to holders of our Common Stock used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share of Common Stock. The amounts presented in our balance sheets, statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and statements of cash flows were not affected. This adjustment was corrected prior to the finalization of our prior Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and no restatements of any prior periods were required.

As of December 31, 2025, our management determined that this material weakness had been fully remediated. To remediate this material weakness, we implemented a plan which included the (i) continued engagement of third-party professionals with appropriate expertise in accounting and reporting under GAAP and SEC regulations who have adequate experience related to non-recurring debt and equity transactions and (ii) enhancement our documentation procedures related to the accounting treatment for such transactions. These third-party professionals now assist in reviewing the attendant calculations/ additional controls regarding the evaluation of non-recurring debt and equity transactions and assist in reviewing the documentation and related documentation procedures for such transactions. Our management also refined our processes for communicating with our auditor as to when our financial statements and related materials have passed through the Company’s internal control processes. As a result, our management has now determined that this material weakness has been remediated.

Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm due to an exemption provided by the JOBS Act for “emerging growth companies.”

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Except as disclosed above with respect to the remediation of the material weakness described above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations of Effectiveness of Control

It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. The design of any control system is based, in part, upon the benefits of the control system relative to its costs. Control systems can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. In addition, over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of these and other inherent limitations of control systems, there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.