PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited, in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

NOTE 1—BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization and Description of Business

On June 21, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Acies Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (prior to the Closing Date, “Acies”), consummated a business combination (“Acies Merger”) with PlayStudios, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Old PLAYSTUDIOS”) pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of February 1, 2021 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Acies, Old PLAYSTUDIOS, Catalyst Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Acies, and Catalyst Merger Sub II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Acies.

PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc., formerly known as Acies Acquisition Corp. (the "Company” or "PLAYSTUDIOS"), was incorporated on August 14, 2020 as a Cayman Islands exempted company, and domesticated into a Delaware corporation on the Closing Date. The Company's legal name became PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. following the closing of the Acies Merger.

The Company develops and operates online and mobile social gaming applications (“games” or “game”) most of which incorporate a unique loyalty program offering “real world” rewards provided by a collection of rewards partners. The Company’s games are free-to-play and available via the Apple App Store, Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and Facebook (collectively, “platforms” or “platform operators”). The Company creates games based on its own original content as well as third-party licensed brands. The Company primarily generates revenue through the in-game sale of virtual currencies and through in-game advertising.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references herein to “PLAYSTUDIOS,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” are used to refer collectively to PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Certain reclassifications in these financial statements have been made to comply with US GAAP applicable to public companies and SEC Regulation S-X.

The significant accounting policies referenced in the annual consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2024 have been applied consistently in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position as of June 30, 2025, its results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and 2024. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024 was derived from the audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the estimated consumption rate of virtual goods that is used in the determination of revenue recognition, useful lives of property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, the expensing and capitalization of research and development costs for internal-use software, assumptions used in accounting for income taxes, stock-based compensation, the fair value of derivative financial instruments, the fair value of contingent consideration, and the evaluation of goodwill and long-lived assets for impairment. The Company believes the accounting estimates are appropriate and reasonably determined. Due to the inherent uncertainties in making these estimates, actual amounts could differ materially.

Emerging Growth Company ("EGC")

At June 30, 2025, the Company qualified as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and the Company has taken and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has opted to take advantage of such extended transition period available to emerging growth companies which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. As a result, the Company of the Company's qualifications as an emerging growth company, the Company does not expect to adopt any accounting pronouncements currently deferred based on private company standards. The Company expects to no longer qualify as an emerging growth company on December 31, 2025, the end of the fiscal year following the fifth year of the Company's initial public offering.

Smaller Reporting Company

As of June 30, 2025, the Company qualified as a Smaller Reporting Company ("SRC") as defined under Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. As an SRC, we are eligible for and have elected to provide scaled disclosure accommodations in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These accommodations allow us to provide reduced executive compensation disclosures, fewer years of audited financial statements, and less extensive narrative disclosures compared to larger reporting companies. The Company will reevaluate its eligibility to qualify as an SRC at the end of its second quarter of 2026, and otherwise as required.

NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our significant accounting policies and estimates remained unchanged from our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2025 and amended on Form 10-K/A filed on April 4, 2025.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to apply the disclosure requirements in ASU 2023-07, as well as all existing segment disclosures and reconciliation requirements in ASC 280 on an interim and annual basis. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company adopted the new accounting standard for the year ended December 31, 2024. The adoption of this guidance did not have an effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. See Note 3—Segment Reporting for additional disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740). ASU 2023-09 requires that public business entities expand their annual disclosures related to rate reconciliation and income taxes paid, and provide a disaggregated presentation between domestic and foreign income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense and income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2023-09.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). Additionally, in January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01 to clarify the effective date of ASU 2024-03. The standard provides guidance to expand disclosures related to the disaggregation of income statement expenses. The standard requires, in the notes to the financial statements, disclosure of specified information about certain costs and expenses, which includes purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, on a retrospective or prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company is assessing the guidance, noting the adoption impacts disclosure only.

NOTE 3—SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company has aggregated its operating segments into the following reportable segments: playGAMES and playAWARDS, which represent our different products and services. A detailed discussion regarding the products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenue is included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 14, 2025 and amended on Form 10-K/A filed on April 4, 2025.

Adjusted EBITDA ("AEBITDA") is the Company’s reportable segment GAAP measure, which management utilizes as the primary profit measure for its reportable segments and underlying operating segments. AEBITDA is a measure defined as net income (loss) before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, restructuring and related costs (consisting primarily of severance and other restructuring related costs), stock-based compensation expense, and other income and expense items (including special infrequent items, foreign currency gains and losses, and other non-cash items).

Expenses include indirect costs that are allocated to operating segments based on a reasonable allocation methodology, which are generally related to sales and marketing activities, general and administrative overhead, and costs associated with administering the playAWARDS myVIP program in the playGAMES applications. Net revenue excludes transactions between the Company's operating segments. Certain expenses incurred by playAWARDS have been allocated to playGAMES at cost. The chief operating decision maker does not evaluate operating segments using asset information.

The following table presents the Company’s segment information:

(1)Consists of legal, rent, information technology, outside services, marketing, and other general and administrative expenses.

(1)Consists of legal, rent, information technology, outside services, marketing, and other general and administrative expenses.

Reorganization

On October 29, 2024, the Company initiated an internal reorganization plan (the “2024 Reorganization Plan”) which is intended to enhance efficiency and reduce operating expenses. The 2024 Reorganization Plan included a reduction of the Company’s total global workforce by approximately 30 percent, which was substantially completed by the end of the 2024 fiscal year.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $2.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.4 million of liabilities associated with the Company's reorganization plan in the playGAMES, playAWARDS, and Corporate and other reportable segments, respectively. As of June 30, 2025, the Company paid most of these liabilities with an immaterial amount remaining unpaid as of June 30, 2025.

NOTE 4—BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Pixode Games Limited ("Pixode Acquisition")

On July 1, 2024, PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC, a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement to acquire certain tangible and intangible assets and assumed certain liabilities from Pixode Games Limited (“Pixode"), a mobile casual games publisher. The Company expects this acquisition to further diversify revenues into the casual genre, and with a successful relaunch of the product with the Tetris brand, the acquisition will deepen the Company's portfolio of Tetris products.

The purchase price for the Pixode assets was $3.5 million at closing, and the Company agreed to pay additional consideration, contingent upon the satisfaction of certain product and financial milestones, up to a maximum amount of $113.5 million. Subject to meeting certain financial minimum milestones, the Company will pay the sellers of the Pixode assets a percentage of an adjusted net revenue for athree year period commencing on the re-launch date of the rebranded Pixode assets, payable at the end of each fiscal year.

The Company recorded the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred in the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of favorable future growth opportunities and anticipated synergies through the scale of our operations. The Company expects that substantially all of the goodwill will be deductible for federal income tax purposes. The following table summarizes the consideration paid for Pixode and the assets acquired as of the acquisition date:

As of June 30, 2025, the fair value of the contingent consideration was $3.5 million.

NOTE 5—RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The following table is a summary of balance sheet assets and liabilities from related parties:

The Company’s revenues and expenses recognized from related parties were immaterial during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

MGM Resorts International (“MGM”)

MGM is a stockholder and the President of MGM Resorts Operations also serves on the Company’s Board of Directors. MGM owned approximately 16.6 million and 16.6 million shares of the Company's outstanding Class A common stock as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

In April 2011, the Company entered into a joint marketing agreement with MGM (as amended, the “Marketing Agreement”) in exchange for assistance with marketing campaigns and the certain rights to utilize MGM’s licensed marks and licensed copyrights for the development of certain of the Company’s social casino games. The initial term of the Marketing Agreement was forone year from the go-live date of the first such game in July 2012, with automatic renewal provisions based on the games achieving specified performance criteria. The Marketing Agreement was recorded as an indefinite-lived intangible asset.

PLAYSTUDIOS Impact Fund

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company made charitable contributions of $0.3 million to the PLAYSTUDIOS Impact Fund (the “Fund”), a tax-exempt private foundation established by the Company and administered by certain members of the Company’s management team. These individuals serve as officers and directors of the Fund but receive no compensation in such capacities. The Fund supports charitable causes selected based on input from Company employees and customers. Subsequent to June 30, 2025, the Company made an additional charitable contribution of $1.25 million to the Fund.

NOTE 6—RECEIVABLES, NET

Receivables, net consist of the following:

Trade receivables generally represent amounts due to the Company from social and mobile platform operators, including Apple, Google, and direct-to-consumer ("DTC") payment processors, including Xsolla. Trade receivables are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional.

Insurance receivable is related to the legal proceedings discussed in Note 11—Accrued and Other Current Liabilities.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The following table summarizes the major receivables of the Company as a percentage of the total trade receivables as of the dates indicated:

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any additional counterparties that exceeded 10% of the Company’s total trade receivables.

NOTE 7—PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

NOTE 8—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

The carrying values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, receivables, net, prepaid expenses and other current assets, and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The following tables present the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by input level, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

The fair value of our Level 3 contingent consideration liabilities relate to the Pixode Acquisition. This contingent consideration is primarily based on expected payments arising from a percentage of an adjusted net revenue for a three year period commencing on the re-launch date of the rebranded Pixode assets, payable at the end of each fiscal year. The value of these payments are subject to various market and operational risks. Significant unobservable inputs include a discount rate of approximately 13.0% and the probability of revenue growth over the same three year period. See Note 4—Business Combinationsfor more information on the Pixode Acquisition.

NOTE 9—PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consists of the following:

The aggregate depreciation expense for property and equipment, net is reflected in “Depreciation and amortization” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation expense was $1.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation expense was $2.0 million and $2.4 million, respectively. There wereno material impairment charges or material write-offs recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Property and equipment, net by region consists of the following:

NOTE 10—INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE, NET

Intangible Assets

The following table provides the gross carrying value and accumulated amortization for each major class of intangible asset other than goodwill:

During the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, intangible asset and internal-use software amortization was $8.5 million and $10.4 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, intangible asset and internal-use software amortization was $17.2 million and $20.8 million, respectively. The aggregate amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets and internal-use software is reflected in “Depreciation and amortization” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, there wereno impairment charges for intangible assets or internal-use software.

As of June 30, 2025, the estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:

NOTE 11—ACCRUED AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

Accrued Litigation

On April 6, 2022, a class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court, Northern District of California, by a purported Company shareholder in connection with alleged federal securities law violations: Christian A. Felipe et. al. v. PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. (the “Felipe Complaint”). On July 15, 2022, the Felipe Complaint was transferred to the United States District Court for the District of Nevada, Southern Division. On October 4, 2022, the plaintiffs filed an amendment to the Felipe Complaint. The Felipe Complaint names the Company, several current and former board members of the Company, board members and officers of Acies Acquisition Corp., and Andrew Pascal, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, as defendants. The Felipe Complaint alleges misrepresentations and omissions regarding the state of the Company’s development of the Kingdom Boss game and its financial projections and future prospects in the S-4 Registration Statement filed by Acies that was declared effective on May 25, 2021, the Proxy Statement filed by Acies on May 25, 2021, and other public statements that touted Old PLAYSTUDIOS’ and the Company’s financial performance and operations, including statements made on earnings calls and the Amended S-1 Registration Statement filed by the Company that was declared effective on July 30, 2021. The Felipe Complaint alleges that the misrepresentations and omissions resulted in stock price drops of 13% on August 12, 2021, and 5% on February 25, 2022, following (i) the Company’s release of financial results for the second quarter of 2021, ended on June 30, 2021, and (ii) the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and issuance of a press release summarizing financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. The Felipe Complaint seeks an award of damages for an unspecified amount. On January 20, 2025, the parties reached an agreement in principle to settle the matter. The settlement is subject to the parties’ negotiation of a formal stipulation of settlement and all related documentation, which is currently in process. The settlement also will be subject to preliminary and final approval by the federal district court in which the case is pending. The matter will not be fully resolved until such approvals are issued, the case is dismissed, and judgment is entered by the court.

On March 8, 2023, Angel Deann Pilati, a purported adult resident citizen of Franklin County, Alabama, filed a civil lawsuit against PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in the Circuit Court of Franklin County Alabama (the "Pilati Lawsuit"), alleging that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC makes available online games and applications across multiple platforms that are games of chance and thus illegal gambling under Alabama law and seeking to recover, under Alabama’s loss recovery act, all sums paid by Alabama residents to PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in its online gambling games during the period beginning one year before the filing of the complaint until the case is resolved. On August 23, 2023, the plaintiff amended the complaint to exclude recovery for Alabama residents who lost $75,000 or more during the statute of limitations period. The plaintiff claims to seek this recovery "to go to the benefit of the families" of players who paid money to play the games. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation.

On November 13, 2023, Sandra Tucker Duckworth, a purported citizen of Tennessee, filed a civil lawsuit against PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in the Circuit Court for the 14th Judicial District of Tennessee (the "Duckworth Lawsuit") alleging that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC makes available online games of chance that constitute illegal gambling under Tennessee law and seeking to recover, under Tennessee's loss recovery act, all sums paid by Tennessee residents to PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in its online gambling games during the period beginning one year before the filing of the lawsuit until the case is resolved, excluding recovery of money lost by a Tennessee resident who lost $75,000 or more during the statute of limitations period. The plaintiff claims to seek this recovery for the benefit of each individual player's spouse, or if not spouse, child or children, and if not child or children, the next of kin. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation.

On August 22, 2024, James Scott Tipmore, a purported citizen of Kentucky, filed a civil lawsuit against PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in the United States District Court for the Western District of Kentucky (the "Tipmore Lawsuit"), alleging that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC makes available online games of chance that constitute illegal gambling under Kentucky law and seeking to recover, under Kentucky's loss recovery act, treble the sums paid by Kentucky residents to PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in its online gambling games during the period beginning five years before the filing of the lawsuit until the case is resolved. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation.

The Company received four demands for arbitration during 2023 claiming that the games operated by PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC constitute illegal gambling under the laws of various states. As of June 30, 2025, three of the demands for arbitration remained active (the "State Arbitration Demands"). These demands generally attempt to recover amounts spent by third parties on the Company’s games by relying on state gambling loss recovery statutes and/or by seeking to have the applicable Terms of Service declared invalid. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the arbitration proceedings.

In January 2025, the Company reached an agreement in principle to settle the Pilati Lawsuit, Duckworth Lawsuit, Tipmore Lawsuit, and State Arbitration Demands in the form of a six-state class action. As of February 17, 2025, the Pilati Lawsuit, Duckworth Lawsuit, Tipmore Lawsuit, and State Arbitration Demands had been stayed. The parties are currently in the process of drafting settlement documentation and related court filings. The settlement will be subject to approval by the court in which the class action case is filed. It is not currently known when the settlement will be finalized.

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company accrued $9.8 million in connection with the Felipe Complaint, Pilati Lawsuit, Duckworth Lawsuit, Tipmore Lawsuit, and State Arbitration Demands. The Company recorded an insurance receivable of $3.75 million representing estimated recoveries from insurance coverage applicable to certain of the matters. Subsequent to June 30, 2025, the Company paid $2.75 million in connection with the Felipe Complaint and an insurer contributed an additional $3.75 million toward the settlement, resulting in a total settlement of $6.5 million. The Company does not have any additional accruals related to the Felipe Complaint.

Warrant Liabilities

Upon the closing of the Acies Merger, there were approximately 7.2 million publicly-traded redeemable warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock (the "Public Warrants") and 3.8 million redeemable warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock initially issued to Acies Acquisition, LLC (the "Sponsor") in a private placement (the "Private Warrants") by Acies. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchaseone whole share of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 in cash per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, as of October 27, 2021. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, a holder of Public Warrants may exercise the Public Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Class A common stock. The Public Warrants will expire 5 years after the completion of the Acies Merger, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Private Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants, except that the Private Warrants and the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Warrants were not transferable until after the completion of the Acies Merger, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Warrants are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial holder or any of its permitted transferees. If the Private Warrants are held by someone other than the initial holder or its permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Private Warrants may be exercised on a cashless basis so long as held by the Sponsor or certain permitted transferees.

The Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, if and only if the last sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20-trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the holders of the Public Warrants. If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a cashless basis. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the exercise of Public Warrants.

At June 30, 2025, there were approximately 5.4 million Public Warrants and 3.8 million Private Warrants outstanding. Refer to Note 8—Fair Value Measurement for further information. The warrant liabilities are classified within “Accrued and other current liabilities” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

NOTE 12—LEASES

The Company's operating leases primarily consist of real estate leases such as offices. During the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, operating lease expense was $1.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively, and during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, operating lease expense was $2.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The Company does not have any finance leases. Total variable and short-term lease payments were immaterial for all periods presented.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases are as follows:

Operating lease liability maturities:

As of June 30, 2025, the Company did not have any material additional operating leases that have not yet commenced.

NOTE 13—LONG-TERM DEBT

Credit Agreement

On June 24, 2021, in connection with the closing of the Acies Merger, the Company terminated and replaced its previous credit facility. The Company, a subsidiary of the Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Silicon Valley Bank and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as joint bookrunners and joint lead arrangers entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which provides for afive-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed by the Company, and are available for working capital, general corporate purposes and permitted acquisitions.

Commitment fees and interest rates are determined on the basis of either a Eurodollar rate or an Alternate Base Rate plus an applicable margin. The applicable margins are initially 2.50%, in the case of Eurodollar loans, and 1.50%, in the case of Alternate Base Rate loans. The applicable margin is subject to adjustment based upon the Company's Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Eurodollar rates and the Alternate Base Rate are subject to floors of 0.00% and 1.00%, respectively. The Credit Agreement contains various affirmative and negative financial and operational covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries.

The Credit Agreement includes customary reporting requirements, conditions precedent to borrowing and affirmative, negative and financial covenants. Specific financial covenants include the following, commencing with the quarter ended September 30, 2021:

•Total Net Leverage Ratio of 3.50:1.00 (subject to increase to 4.00:1.00 following consummation of certain material acquisitions)

•Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.25:1.00.

On May 13, 2022, the Company entered into the Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement, which amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, exclude from the definition of Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio certain funds, up to $15.0 million, expended or to be expended by the Company in connection with the Tender Offer.

On August 9, 2022, the Company entered into the Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, which further amended the Credit Agreement (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement) to, among other things, (i) increase the total current available line of credit from $75.0 million to $81.0 million, (ii) change the basis for calculation of interest under the facility from LIBOR to SOFR, and (iii) exclude from the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (A) up to $6.0 million for the acquisition of, and improvements to, the real property located at 10150 Covington Cross Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada 89144 incurred on or prior to the first anniversary of the effective date of Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, and (B) up to $20.0 million for the redemption or repurchase of up to 11.0 million warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and shares of Class A common stock of the Company, on or before December 31, 2023, of which as of the date of Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement the Company had used $1.8 million to redeem outstanding warrants to purchase Class A common stock in connection with the Tender Offer.

On August 16, 2023, the Company, a subsidiary of the Company, the Lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, entered into an Amendment No. 3 to Credit Agreement (the “Amendment No. 3”), among other things, exclude from the Restricted Payments covenant certain repurchases of Equity Interests of the Company deemed to occur upon the exercise, settlement or vesting of stock options, warrants or other equity-based awards if and to the extent such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise price of, or satisfy any tax withholding obligations with respect to, such options, warrants or other equity-based awards.

On June 7, 2024, the Company, a subsidiary of the Company, the Lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, entered into an Amendment No. 4 to Credit Agreement (the “Amendment No. 4”) to, among other things, (i) modify the definition of “Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio” to exclude from the calculation of Restricted Payments amounts paid for the repurchase, prior to June 30, 2024, of approximately 11.7 million shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and (ii) modify the definition of “Consolidated Fixed Charges” to take into account any tax refunds received in the applicable measurement period.

On July 1, 2024, the Company, a subsidiary of the Company, the Lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, entered into the Amendment No. 5 to Credit Agreement (the “Amendment No. 5”) to, among other things, exclude from the covenant set forth in Section 6.01 of the Credit Agreement regarding the incurrence of Indebtedness (as defined therein) the contingent consideration obligations payable pursuant to the Pixode acquisition.

The Company capitalized a total of $0.8 million in debt issuance costs related to the Credit Agreement and subsequent amendments. As of June 30, 2025, the Company is in compliance with and does not have any balances outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

NOTE 14—REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenue disaggregated by type, and by over time or point in time recognition:

The following table summarizes the Company’s virtual currency revenue disaggregated by platform:

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenue disaggregated by geography:

Contract Balances

Contract assets represent the Company’s ability to bill customers for performance obligations completed under a contract. As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there wereno contract assets recorded in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred revenue balance related to the purchase of virtual currencies was immaterial as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Trade receivables are described in Note 6—Receivables, net.

NOTE 15—INCOME TAXES

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $0.2 million and an income tax expense of $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and the Company recorded an income tax expense of $0.6 million and an income tax expense of $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our effective tax rate was (7.6)% for the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to (22.2)% for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Our effective tax rate was (10.6)% for the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to (22.8)% for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is primarily related to non-US based income taxes and nondeductible items.

New Tax Legislation

On July 4, 2025, new federal tax legislation was signed into law. The legislation includes a range of tax reform measures, including the extension and modification of certain provisions originally enacted under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Key changes include the restoration of 100% bonus depreciation, immediate expensing for domestic research and development expenditures, and modifications to international tax rules. Because the legislation was enacted after the end of the second quarter, its effects are not reflected in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company is evaluating the potential impacts of the new legislation on its consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 16—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Minimum Guarantee Liability

The following are the Company’s total minimum guaranteed royalty payment obligations related to licensing agreements as of:

The following are the Company’s remaining expected future payments of minimum guaranteed royalty payment obligations related to licensing agreements as of June 30, 2025:

Pixode

In connection with the Pixode Acquisition, in addition to the $3.5 million paid at closing, and the Company agreed to pay a percentage of an adjusted net revenue for athree year period commencing on the re-launch date of the rebranded Pixode assets, payable at the end of each fiscal year, contingent upon the satisfaction of certain product and financial milestones, up to a maximum amount of $113.5 million. The fair value of the contingent consideration is reassessed at each reporting date, with changes recognized in earnings. The fair value of the contingent consideration as of June 30, 2025 was $3.5 million. Refer to Note 8—Fair Value Measurement for more information.

Legal Proceedings

The Company is party to ordinary and routine litigation incidental to its business. On a case-by-case basis, the Company engages inside and outside counsel to assess the probability of potential liability resulting from such litigation. After making such assessments, the Company makes an accrual for the estimated loss only when the loss is reasonably probable and an amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not expect the outcome of any of the below pending litigation to have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Operations, or Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

On February 20, 2024, Tyler Kuhk, a purported citizen of Washington, filed a class action lawsuit against PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in the Superior Court of the State of Washington for the County of King, alleging that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC makes available online games of chance that constitute illegal gambling under Washington law, that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC engaged in unfair and deceptive practices by advertising to and soliciting the general public in Washington state to play its unlawful online casino games of chance, and that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC was unjustly enriched by this conduct. The plaintiff seeks to recover all sums paid by Washington residents to PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in its online gambling games during an unspecified period of time under Washington’s “Recovery of money lost gambling” statute, for treble damages under Washington’s Consumer Protection Act, and for disgorgement and restitution of any money PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC has retained through unlawful and/or wrongful conduct alleged in the lawsuit. The Company believes the claims are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation. The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the probability or amount of loss relating to this litigation and therefore has not made any accruals.

On May 24, 2024, the Company received multiple substantively identical pre-arbitration notices from a single law firm purporting to represent 5,264 players, alleging the games operated by the Company violate state gambling statutes, along with various other claims. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of these demands. The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the probability or amount of loss and therefore has not made any accruals.

On September 27, 2024, the Company received multiple substantively identical pre-arbitration notices from a single law firm purporting to represent 2,697 players, alleging the games operated by the Company violate state gambling statutes, along with various other claims. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of these demands. The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the probability or amount of loss and therefore has not made any accruals.

On February 10, 2025, Britt Englund and Brett Chapin, purported citizens of California andtwo of the named claimants in the May 24, 2024 pre-arbitration notices referenced above, filed a civil lawsuit against PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Los Angeles, alleging that PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC breached an agreement to arbitrate a dispute arising out of plaintiffs’ engagement with games operated by the Company, and seeking an order to compel the Company to arbitrate. The complaint was dismissed by the plaintiffs on April 25, 2025 as part of an agreement to arbitrate the matter.

NOTE 17—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

Subject to the prior rights of the holders of any preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of the funds legally available at the times and in the amounts determined by the Company's Board of Directors. Each holder of Class A common stock is entitled toone vote for each share of Class A common stock held and each holder of Class B common stock is entitled totwenty votes for each share of Class B common stock held. After the full preferential amounts due to preferred stockholders have been paid or set aside, the remaining assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, if any, are distributed to the holders of common stock ratably in proportion to the number of shares of common stock then held by each such holder. None of the Company’s common stock is entitled to preemptive rights or subject to redemption. With the exception of the conversion of the Class B common stock into Class A common stock as described below, the Company’s common stock is not convertible into any other shares of the Company’s capital stock.

The shares of Class B common stock are subject to a “sunset” provision if any member of the Founder Group transfers shares of Class B common stock outside the Founder Group (except for certain permitted transfers). In the event of such non-permitted transfers, any share transferred will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock. In addition, the outstanding shares of Class B common stock will be subject to a “sunset” provision by which all outstanding shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock (i) if holders representing a majority of the Class B common stock vote to convert the Class B common stock into Class A common stock, (ii) if the Founder Group and its permitted transferees collectively no longer beneficially own at least 20% of the number of shares of Class B common stock collectively held by the Founder Group as of the closing of the Acies Merger, or (iii) on thenine-month anniversary of the Founder’s death or disability, unless such date is extended by a majority of independent directors of the Company.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables shows a summary of changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign Currency Derivative Contracts

At December 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding foreign currency derivative contracts to purchase certain foreign currencies at future dates. The amount of future operating expenses the Company had hedged was approximately $2.5 million, and all contracts matured during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The aggregate fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts was a net liability of less than $0.1 million as of December 31, 2024 and was recorded in "Accrued and other liabilities" in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the Company entered into foreign currency derivative contracts to purchase certain foreign currencies at future dates. The amount of future operating expenses the Company had hedged was approximately NIS 30.0 million, and all contracts are expected to mature within 12 months of the purchase date. The aggregate fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts was a net asset of $0.5 million as of June 30, 2025 and was recorded in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Subsequent to June 30, 2025, the Company entered into additional foreign currency derivative contracts to purchase certain foreign currencies at future dates. The amount of future operating expenses the Company had hedged was approximately NIS 19.0 million, and all contracts are expected to mature within 12 months of the purchase date.

Treasury Stock

The following table shows a summary of changes in treasury stock:

Stock Repurchase Program

On November 1, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved aone-year extension of the Company's existing stock repurchase program. The remaining amount authorized under the program was $40.0 million as of June 30, 2025 and $43.5 million as of December 31, 2024. Subject to applicable rules and regulations, the shares may be purchased from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Such purchases will be at times and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate, based on factors such as market conditions, legal requirements and other business considerations.

NOTE 18—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the periods shown:

As of June 30, 2025, there was approximately $23.3 million and $2.2 million in unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units and performance stock units that are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average expected vesting period of 2.1 years and 0.7 years, respectively. The Company granted 0.7 million and 5.8 million restricted stock units during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. The Company granted 0.1 million and 2.7 million performance stock units during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively.

NOTE 19—NET LOSS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders per share (in thousands except per share data):

For the periods presented above, the net loss per share amounts are the same for Class A and Class B common stock because the holders of each class are entitled to equal per share dividends or distributions in liquidation in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation. The undistributed losses for each period are allocated based on the contractual participation rights of the Class A and Class B common stock as if the losses for the period had been distributed. As the liquidation and dividend rights are identical, the undistributed losses are allocated on a proportionate basis.

The following equity awards outstanding at the end of each period presented have been excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share of common stock for the periods presented due to their anti-dilutive effect: