Skillz Inc.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 31, 2026.
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FY2025 · Filed Mar 31, 2026
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Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2025. The term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated, recorded, processed, summarized, reported and communicated within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) rules and forms.
Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below. In light of this determination, our management has performed additional analyses, reconciliations, and other post-closing procedures and has concluded that, notwithstanding the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, the consolidated financial statements for the periods covered by, and included in, this Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with GAAP.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP. In light of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate in light of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
The Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025 based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on the results of this assessment, management concluded that internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2025, due to the existence of material weaknesses described below.
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
As previously reported, the following material weaknesses continued to exist as of December 31, 2025:
Risk assessment: The Company did not maintain a sufficiently formalized and documented enterprise-level risk assessment process aligned with the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As a result, the Company did not appropriately reassess and adequately design and implement controls over financial reporting, including with respect to identification and review of disclosures and monitoring controls, and with respect to providing the appropriate evidence of review of reconciliations, budgets, and key elements of the financial close process.
Information technology general controls (“ITGCs”): As of December 31, 2025, ITGCs in the areas of access and program change management over IT systems that support the Company’s financial reporting processes were not designed or operating effectively. Specifically, the Company did not maintain sufficient: (a) user access controls to ensure appropriate segregation of duties and adequately restrict user and privileged access to financial applications, programs, and data to appropriate Company personnel; (b) program change management controls to ensure that IT program and data changes affecting financial information technology applications and underlying records are identified, tested, authorized, and implemented appropriately; and (c) program operations controls. As a result, the Company’s related IT dependent manual and application controls that rely upon the affected ITGCs, or information coming from IT systems with affected ITGCs were also deemed ineffective.
Internal control over financial reporting: As of December 31, 2025, controls related to properly evaluating accounting processes were not adequately designed, implemented or operating effectively including the lack of sufficient documentation or evidence retained to demonstrate management’s sufficient review over several financial statement areas, as it relates to the Company’s reconciliations, budgets, key elements of the financial reporting process, and IT-dependent controls. Additionally, there was an inadequate review of complex accounting assumptions, together with a lack of qualified accounting personnel employed during the year.
The material weaknesses described above were identified during management’s assessment in prior years and confirmed by our independent registered public accounting firm. Although these material weaknesses did not result in any identified material misstatements of the Company’s previously or currently issued financial statements, there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the consolidated financial statements might not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Remediation Efforts
Management has been actively engaged in developing and implementing remediation plans to address these material weaknesses as described below.
During fiscal year 2025, management made the following progress on its remediation efforts:
Made significant investment in hiring more appropriately skilled accounting resources to enhance the financial close process, technical accounting, tax accounting and internal control over financial reporting capabilities, together with engaging qualified consultants, as appropriate.
Redesigned certain controls in financial reporting processes and implemented additional internal control procedures in our financial reporting processes.
Trained finance, accounting, operations and engineering personnel, together with other key roles across the organization in the design and execution of internal controls under required standards.
While we have implemented changes to our control environment, we require additional time to complete the implementation of our remediation plans and demonstrate the effectiveness of our efforts. The material weaknesses cannot be considered remediated until the underlying remediated controls operate for sufficient time, and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.
Management, with oversight from the Audit Committee, will continue to work to remediate the Company’s material weaknesses, and reinforce the overall design and operating effectiveness of our internal control environment. The following has been planned for implementation in management’s ongoing efforts to remediate the identified material weaknesses:
Management will continue to enhance and standardize policies and procedures across the Company to ensure consistency and performance of internal controls;
Management will continue to make strategic investments in qualified personnel, external consultants, together with deploying available tools and systems to streamline and automate the execution and documentation of internal controls throughout the Company; and
Management will continue to employ, engage, educate and train personnel, including external consultants, throughout the Company on the importance of documenting and following internal controls.
We expect to complete remediation during fiscal year 2026, subject to successful testing of operating effectiveness.
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
Other than noted above, there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. An internal controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.
Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.
In light of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur as a result of a simple error or mistake.
Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate due to changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Due to inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
An attestation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting by our independent registered public accounting firm is not included as we were a Non-Accelerated Filer and are exempt from the auditor attestation requirement of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
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