Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(In thousands, except shares and per share amounts)

(1)ORGANIZATION

Morgan Stanley Direct Lending Fund (the “Company”) is a non-diversified, externally managed specialty finance company focused on lending to middle-market companies. The Company has elected to be regulated as a business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). In addition, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Company has elected to be treated, and intends to comply with the requirements to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Company is not a subsidiary of or consolidated with Morgan Stanley.

The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on May 30, 2019 and, effective November 25, 2019, converted to a Delaware corporation. The Company commenced investment operations in January 2020. The Company is externally managed by MS Capital Partners Adviser Inc., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley (the “Adviser” or “Investment Adviser”). The Investment Adviser is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley.

The Company’s investment objective is to achieve attractive risk-adjusted returns via current income and, to a lesser extent, capital appreciation by investing primarily in directly originated senior secured term loans issued by U.S. middle-market companies in which private equity sponsors have a controlling equity stake in the portfolio company.

The Company conducted private offerings of its common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), to investors in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). At the closing of each private offering, each investor made a capital commitment (a “Capital Commitment”) to purchase shares of Common Stock pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into with the Company. As of October 4, 2023, all Capital Commitments had been fully funded.

On January 26, 2024, the Company closed its initial public offering (“IPO”), issuing 5,000,000 shares of its Common Stock at a public offering price of $20.67 per share. Net of underwriting fees, the Company received net cash proceeds, before offering expenses, of $97.1 million. The Company’s Common Stock began trading on the NYSE under the symbol “MSDL” on January 24, 2024.

(2)SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). As an investment company, the Company applies the accounting and reporting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies (“ASC 946”) issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Articles 6 and 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP are omitted. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and reclassifications, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals considered necessary for the fair presentation of consolidated financial statements for the interim period presented, have been included. The current period’s results of operations will not necessarily be indicative of results that the Company may ultimately achieve for the year ending December 31, 2024.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Such amounts could differ from those estimates and such differences could be material. Management’s estimates are based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations of future events that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Assumptions and estimates regarding the valuation of investments involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity and these assumptions and estimates may be significant to the consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation

As provided under ASC 946, the Company will not consolidate its investment in a company other than an investment company subsidiary or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the accounts of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries in the consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has formed wholly owned subsidiaries, which are structured as Delaware limited liability companies, for the purpose of holding certain investments in portfolio companies made by the Company. The Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries include: DLF CA SPV LLC (“CA SPV”), DLF SPV LLC (“DLF SPV”), DLF Financing SPV LLC (“Financing SPV”) and DLF Equity Holdings LLC (“Equity Holdings,” and collectively with CA SPV, DLF SPV and Financing SPV, the “subsidiaries”). The Company consolidates its wholly owned subsidiaries in these consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits and highly liquid investments, such as money market funds, with original maturities of three months or less, and restricted cash pledged as collateral. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company deposits its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions and, at times, may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limit.

Foreign Currency Translation

The functional currency of the Company is the U.S. Dollar. Investments denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars based upon currency exchange rates effective on the last business day of the current reporting period. Net changes in fair value of investments due to foreign exchange rates fluctuation is recorded as change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) from translation of assets and liabilities in foreign currencies on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Investment and non-investment activities denominated in foreign currencies, including purchase and sales of investments, borrowings and repayments of debt, income and expenses, are translated into U.S. dollars based upon currency exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates.

Investments

Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Receivables/payables from investments sold/purchased on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities consist of amounts receivable to or payable by the Company for transactions that have not settled at the reporting date. Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds received (excluding prepayment fees, if any) and the amortized cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method without regard to unrealized gains or losses previously recognized, and include investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries. The net change in unrealized gains or losses primarily reflects the change in investment values, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses with respect to investments realized during the period.

The Company's Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors” or the “Board”), with the assistance of the Company’s audit committee (the “Audit Committee”), determines the fair value of the Company’s investments in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”) issued by the FASB. The Board of Directors has delegated to the Investment Adviser as the valuation designee (the “Valuation Designee”) the responsibility of determining the fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio, subject to oversight of the Board of Directors, pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. As such, the Valuation Designee is charged with determining the fair value of the Company’s investment portfolio, subject to oversight of the Board of Directors. ASC 820 defines fair value as “the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.” Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. For some investments, observable market transactions or market information might be available. For other investments, observable market transactions and market information might not be available. However, the objective of a fair value measurement in both cases is the same - to estimate the price when an orderly transaction to sell the investment would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant). Refer to Note 5 “Fair Value Measurements” for the Company’s framework for determining fair value, fair value hierarchies, and the composition of the Company’s portfolio.

Derivative Instruments

Pursuant to ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging, all derivative instruments entered into by the Company are designated as hedging instruments. For all derivative instruments designated as a hedge, the entire change in the fair value of the hedging instrument shall be recorded in the same line item of the Consolidated Statements of Operations as the hedged item. The Company’s derivative instruments are used to hedge certain of the Company’s fixed rate debt, and therefore both the periodic payment and the change in fair value for the effective hedge, if applicable, will be recognized as components of interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fair value is estimated by discounting remaining payments using applicable current market rates, or market quotes, if available. Rule 18f-4 requires BDCs that use derivatives to, among other things, comply with a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program, and implement certain testing and board reporting procedures. Rule 18f-4 exempts BDCs that qualify as “limited derivatives users” from the aforementioned requirements, provided that these BDCs adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to manage the BDC’s derivatives risks and comply with certain recordkeeping requirements. Rule 18f-4 provides that a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. Pursuant to Rule 18f-4, when we trade reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, including certain tender option bonds, we need to aggregate the amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness (e.g., bank borrowings, if applicable) when calculating our asset coverage ratio. The Company currently qualifies as a “limited derivatives user” and expects to continue to do so.

Revenue Recognition

Interest Income

Interest income is recorded on an accrual basis and includes the accretion of discounts and amortizations of premiums. Discounts from and premiums to par value on debt investments purchased are accreted/amortized into interest income over the life of the respective investment using the effective interest method. The amortized cost of debt investments represents the original cost, including loan origination fees and upfront fees received that are deemed to be an adjustment to yield, adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums, if any. Exit fees that are receivable upon repayment of a loan or debt security are amortized into interest income over the life of the respective investment. Upon prepayment of a loan or debt investment, any prepayment premiums, unamortized upfront loan origination fees and unamortized discounts are recorded as interest income in the current period.

PIK Income

The Company has debt investments in its portfolio that contain payment-in-kind (“PIK”) provisions. PIK represents interest that is accrued and recorded as interest income at the contractual rates, increases the loan principal on the respective capitalization dates, and is generally due at maturity. Such income is included in PIK income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. If at any point the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest is generally reversed through PIK income. This non-cash source of income is included when determining what must be paid out to stockholders in the form of distributions in order for the Company to maintain its status as a RIC, even though the Company has not yet collected cash.

Dividend Income

Dividend income on preferred equity investments is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable by the portfolio company and are expected to be collected. Dividend income on common equity investments is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies. Dividend income is presented net of withholding tax, if any.

Other Income

The Company may receive various fees in the ordinary course of business such as structuring, consent, waiver, amendment and syndication fees as well as fees for managerial assistance rendered by the Company to the portfolio companies. Such fees are recognized in income when earned or when the services are rendered and there is no uncertainty or contingency related to the amount to be received.

Non-Accrual Investments

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Additionally, any original issue discount and market discount are no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding collectability. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid current and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. Management may determine to not place a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection.

As of both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had certain investments intwo andthree portfolio companies that were on non-accrual status. The amortized cost of investments on non-accrual status as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $8,117 and $19,353, respectively.

Offering Costs

The Company records expenses related to public equity offerings as a reduction of capital upon completion of an offering of registered securities.

Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Issuance Costs

Deferred financing and debt issuance costs consist of fees and expenses paid in connection with the closing of and amendments to the Company’s borrowings. The aforementioned costs are amortized using the straight-line method over each instrument’s term. Deferred financing costs related to a revolving credit facility is presented separately as an asset on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. Deferred debt issuance costs related to any notes are presented net against the outstanding debt balance on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

Income Taxes

The Company has elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not pay corporate U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes, at least annually, to its stockholders as distributions.

In order to continue to qualify as a RIC, the Company must meet certain minimum distribution, source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. If such requirements are met, then the Company is generally required to pay income taxes only on the portion of its taxable income and gains it does not distribute.

The minimum distribution requirements applicable to RICs require the Company to distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income (the “ICTI”), as defined by the Code, each year. Depending on the level of ICTI earned in a tax year, the Company may choose to carry forward ICTI in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year. Any such carryover ICTI must be distributed before the end of that next tax year through a distribution declared prior to filing the final tax return related to the year which generated such ICTI.

In addition, based on the excise distribution requirements, the Company is subject to a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on undistributed income unless the Company distributes in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (both long-term and short-term) for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income realized, but not distributed, in the preceding year. For this purpose, however, any ordinary income or capital gain net income retained by the Company that is subject to corporate income tax is considered to have been distributed. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company accrued $501 and $1,437 of U.S. federal excise tax, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company accrued $0 and $0 of U.S. federal excise tax, respectively.

The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its consolidated financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more likely than not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes, if any, are included in income tax expense.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires additional disaggregated disclosures on the entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation and additional details on income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

(3)SIGNIFICANT AGREEMENTS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Investment Advisory Agreement

On November 25, 2019, the Company entered into an investment advisory agreement with our Adviser (the "Original Investment Advisory Agreement"). The Original Investment Advisory Agreement had an initial term oftwo years continued thereafter from year to year if approved annually by the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders, including, in each case, a majority of the directors who are not “interested persons” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (the “Independent Directors”).

On January 24, 2024, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement with the Adviser (as amended and restated, the “Investment Advisory Agreement”). The Investment Advisory Agreement incorporates (i) a cumulative three-year lookback provision and (ii) a cap on quarterly income incentive fee payments based on net realized capital loss, if any, during the applicable three-year lookback period. The Investment Advisory Agreement will continue from year to year if approved annually the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders, including, in each case, a majority of the Independent Directors.

The Company pays the Investment Adviser a fee for its services under the Investment Advisory Agreement consisting of two components: a base management fee (the “Base Management Fee”) and an incentive fee. The cost of both the Base Management Fee and the incentive fee are ultimately be borne by the stockholders.

Base Management Fee

The Base Management Fee is calculated at an annual rate of 1.0% of the Company's average gross assets at the end of the two most recently completed calendar quarters, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage but excluding cash and cash equivalents.

Pursuant to the Original Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser agreed to irrevocably waive the portion of the Base Management Fee in excess of 0.25% of the Company’s average gross assets calculated in accordance with the Original Investment Advisory Agreement prior to a listing of the Common Stock on a national securities exchange.

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser has agreed to irrevocably waive any portion of the Base Management Fee in excess of 0.75% of the Company's average gross assets calculated in accordance with the Investment Advisory Agreement for the period from January 24, 2024 to January 24, 2025 (the “Waiver Period”).

Base Management Fees waived during the Waiver Period are not subject to recoupment by the Adviser. For services rendered under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Base Management Fee is payable quarterly in arrears. Base Management Fees for any partial month or quarter will be appropriately pro-rated.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, Base Management Fees were $6,825 and $18,437, net of waiver, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, Base Management Fees were $1,938 and $5,625, net of waiver, respectively. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $6,825 and $2,012, respectively, were payable to the Investment Adviser relating to Base Management Fees.

Incentive Fee

The incentive fee consists of two components that are determined independently of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not. One component is based on income and the other component is based on capital gains.

i. Incentive Fee Based on Income

The first part is determined and paid quarterly based on the Company's pre-incentive fee net investment income, and is subject to an Incentive Fee Cap (as defined below) pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement. Pre-incentive fee net investment income is defined as interest income, dividend income and any other income accrued during the calendar quarter, minus operating expenses for the quarter, including the base management fee, expenses payable under the Administration Agreement (as defined below), any interest expense and distributions paid on any issued and outstanding preferred stock, but excluding the incentive fee. Pre-incentive fee net investment income does not include any realized capital gains, realized capital losses or unrealized capital appreciation or depreciation.

Pre-incentive fee net investment income includes, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as debt instruments with PIK interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income that the Company has not yet received in cash. The Investment Adviser is not obligated to return any incentive fee it receives on PIK interest that is later determined to be uncollectible in cash.

Pursuant to the Original Investment Advisory Agreement, the Company paid its Adviser an income-based incentive fee with respect to the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income in each calendar quarter as follows:

•No income based incentive fee if the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income, expressed as a return on the value of the Company’s net assets at the end of the immediately preceding calendar quarter, does not exceed the hurdle rate of 1.5% (6.0% annualized);

•100% of the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.8182% (7.2728% annualized). This portion of the pre-incentive fee net investment income (which exceeds the Hurdle Rate but is less than 1.8182%) is referred to as the “catch-up”. This “catch-up” portion is meant to provide the Adviser with approximately 17.5% of the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle rate did not apply if the “catch up” is achieved; and

•17.5% of the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the rate of return of 1.8182% (7.2728% annualized).

Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Company pays its Adviser an incentive fee on its aggregate pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of (1) for the quarter ending March 31, 2024 (the “First Calendar Quarter”), the First Calendar Quarter, and (2) commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2024, the current calendar quarter and eleven preceding calendar quarters beginning with the calendar quarter commencing on April 1, 2024 (or the appropriate portion thereof in the case of any of our first eleven calendar quarters that commence on or after April 1, 2024) (in either case, the “Trailing Twelve Quarters”).

Pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the First Calendar Quarter will be compared to a hurdle rate equal to 1.5% (6.0% annualized), and, if pre-incentive fee net investment income for the First Calendar Quarter exceeds the hurdle rate, the incentive fee will be 100% of pre-incentive fee net investment income until the Adviser has received a “catch up” equal to 17.5%, plus 17.5% of pre-incentive fee net investment income above the catch up.

Commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2024, pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the relevant Trailing Twelve Quarters will be compared to a “Hurdle Rate” equal to the product of (i) the hurdle rate of 1.5% per quarter (6% annualized) and (ii) the sum of the Company's net assets (defined as total assets less indebtedness and before taking into account any incentive fees payable during the period) at the beginning of each applicable calendar quarter comprising the relevant Trailing Twelve Quarters. The incentive fee based on income for each calendar quarter will be determined as follows:

•No incentive fee based on pre-incentive fee net investment income in any calendar quarter in which pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the relevant Trailing Twelve Quarters does not exceed the Hurdle Rate;

•100% of pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the Trailing Twelve Quarters with respect to that portion of such pre-incentive fee net investment income, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.8182% in any calendar quarter (7.2728% annualized). This portion of the pre-incentive fee net investment income (which exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 1.8182%) is referred to as the “catch-up.” The “catch-up” is meant to provide the Adviser with approximately 17.5% of the Company's pre-incentive fee net investment income as if a hurdle rate did not apply if this net investment income exceeds 1.8182% in any calendar quarter; and

•17.5% of the pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the Trailing Twelve Quarters that exceeds 1.8182% in any calendar quarter (7.2728% annualized), which reflects that once the hurdle rate is reached and the catch-up is achieved,17.5% of the Company's pre-incentive fee net investment income that exceeds the catch-up amount is paid to the Adviser.

Commencing with the quarter ending June 30, 2024, each income incentive fee will be subject to an incentive fee cap (the “Incentive Fee Cap”) that in respect of any calendar quarter is an amount equal to 17.5% of the Cumulative Pre-Incentive Fee Net Return (as defined herein) during the Trailing Twelve Quarters less the aggregate incentive fees based on income that were paid to the Adviser in the preceding eleven calendar quarters (or portion thereof) comprising the relevant Trailing Twelve Quarters. In the event the Incentive Fee Cap is zero or a negative value then no income incentive fee shall be payable and if the Incentive Fee Cap is less than the amount of incentive fee based on income that would otherwise be payable, the amount of incentive fee based on income shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Incentive Fee Cap.

“Cumulative Pre-Incentive Fee Net Return” (A) during the First Calendar Quarter, the sum of pre-incentive fee net investment income in the First Calendar Quarter and (B) during the relevant Trailing Twelve Quarters, the sum of (x) pre-incentive fee net investment income in respect of the Trailing Twelve Quarters and (y) Adjusted Capital Returns (as defined below) in respect of the Trailing Twelve Quarters. If, in any calendar quarter, the Incentive Fee Cap is zero or a negative value, the Company shall pay no income incentive fee to the Adviser in respect of that quarter. If, in any calendar quarter, the Incentive Fee Cap is a positive value but is less than the incentive fee calculated as described above, the Company shall pay the Adviser the Income Incentive Fee Cap in respect of such quarter. If, in any calendar quarter, the Incentive Fee Cap is equal to or greater than the incentive fee calculated as described above, the Company shall pay the Adviser the incentive fee in respect of such quarter. “Adjusted Capital Returns” in respect of a particular period means the sum of aggregate realized losses and aggregate realized capital gains in respect of such period.

For the Waiver Period, the Adviser has irrevocably waived its right to receive each component of the income incentive fee in excess of amounts calculated as described above using (1)15.0% instead of 17.5% and (2) a catch-up amount (as applicable) calculated using 1.7647% in place of 1.8182%. For periods in which the waiver described in this paragraph is in effect for less than a full quarter or calendar year, as applicable, the applicable incentive fee shall be calculated at a weighted rate during the applicable days in such period during the Waiver Period.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, income based incentive fees were $8,448 and $28,476, net of waiver respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, income based incentive fees were $10,727 and $30,246, respectively. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $8,448 and $11,766, respectively, were payable to the Investment Adviser relating to income based incentive fees.

ii. Incentive Fee Based on Capital Gains

The second part of the incentive fee is determined on realized capital gains calculated and payable in arrears in cash as of the end of each calendar year or upon the termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement in an amount equal to 17.5% of realized capital gains, if any, on a cumulative basis from the date of the Company's election to be regulated as a BDC through the end of a given calendar year or upon the termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement, computed net of all realized capital losses and unrealized capital depreciation on a cumulative basis, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gain incentive fees (the “Cumulative Capital Gains”). For the purpose of computing the incentive fee on capital gains, the calculation methodology looks through derivative financial instruments or swaps as if the Company owned the reference assets directly. Therefore, realized gains and realized losses on the disposition of any reference assets, as well as unrealized depreciation on reference assets retained in the derivative financial instrument or swap, will be included on a cumulative basis in the calculation of the capital gains incentive fee

For the calendar years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2025, the Adviser has irrevocably waived any capital gains incentive fee in excess of amounts calculated as described above using 15.0% instead of 17.5% in the calculation of any such capital gains incentive fee solely with respect to the Waiver Period, such that the capital gains incentive fee shall be calculated at a weighted rate calculated based on this waiver being applicable only during the applicable days in such calendar year during the Waiver Period, based, in each case, on the number of days in the applicable year.

Under U.S. GAAP, the Company is required to accrue an incentive fee on capital gains, including unrealized capital appreciation even though such unrealized capital appreciation is not included in calculating the incentive fee payable under the Investment Advisory Agreement. If such amount is positive at the end of a period, then the Company records an incentive fee on capital gain incentive fee equal to 17.5% (or 15% during the Waiver Period) of such amount, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid capital gain incentive fees. If such amount is negative, no accrual is recorded for such period.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Investment Adviser accrued $0 and $0 capital gains incentive fees. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Investment Adviser accrued $0 and $0 capital gains incentive fees. The Investment Advisory Agreement does not permit unrealized capital appreciation for purposes of calculating the amount payable to the Investment Adviser. Amounts due related to unrealized capital appreciation, if any, will not be paid to the Investment Adviser until realized under the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and determined based on the calculation. Incentive fees on Cumulative Capital Gains crystallize at calendar year-end.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $0 and $0, respectively, were payable to the Investment Adviser relating to capital gains incentive fees payable.

Administration Agreement

MS Private Credit Administrative Services LLC (the “Administrator”) is the administrator of the Company pursuant to an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”). The Administrator is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley. Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, the Administrator provides services and receives reimbursements from the Company for its costs and expenses and the Company’s allocable portion of overhead costs incurred by the Administrator in performing its obligations under the Administration Agreement, including the Company’s allocable portion of the compensation paid to its Chief Financial Officer and Chief Compliance Officer. Reimbursement under the Administration Agreement occurs quarterly in arrears. The Administration Agreement had an initial term oftwo years and continues thereafter from year to year if approved annually by the Board of Directors.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred $138 and $180, respectively, in expenses under the Administration Agreement, which were recorded in administrative service fees on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company incurred $27 and $141, respectively, in expenses under the Administration Agreement, which were recorded in administrative service fees on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Amounts unpaid and included in payable to affiliates on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were $166 and $178, respectively.

Sub-Administration Agreement

The Company has entered into sub-administration agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Sub-Administrator”) under which the Sub-Administrator provides various accounting and administrative services to the Company. The Sub-Administrator also serves as the Company’s custodian, transfer agent, distribution paying agent and registrar.

Placement Agent Agreement

On August 30, 2019, the Company entered into a placement agent agreement (the “Placement Agent Agreement”) with Morgan Stanley Distribution Inc. (the “Paying Agent”), Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (the “Placement Agent”) and the Investment Adviser. Under the terms of the Placement Agent Agreement, the Placement Agent and certain of its affiliates assisted in the placement of Common Stock in the Company’s private offerings. The Company was not liable for any payments to the Placement Agent pursuant to the Placement Agent Agreement. Payments were made by the Investment Adviser to the Placement Agent. To the extent the Paying Agent received any payments it would remit the payment to the Placement Agent. The Placement Agent Agreement terminated on January 24, 2024.

MS Credit Partners Holdings, Inc. Investment

MS Credit Partners Holdings, Inc., or MS Credit Partners Holdings, a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, made an aggregate capital commitment of $200,000 to the Company pursuant to a subscription agreement entered into in December 2019, which had been fully funded as of October 4, 2023. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, MS Credit Partners Holdings held approximately 10.9% and 11.7% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock, respectively. Morgan Stanley has no further capital, liquidity or other financial obligation to the Company beyond this equity investment.

Morgan Stanley & Co. Related Transactions

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and an affiliate of the Investment Adviser, served as an initial purchaser in connection with the private placement of the Company’s 2027 Notes (as defined below in Note 6. “Debt”) and received fees of $213 at closing on February 11, 2022, under the purchase agreement entered into by the Company in connection with such private placement.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC served as a co-agent in connection with the private placement of the Company’s 2025 Notes (as defined below in Note 6. “Debt”) and received fees of $138 at closing on September 13, 2022.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC served as a co-agent in connection with the private placement of the Company’s 2029 Notes (as defined below in Note 6. “Debt”) and received fees of $210 at closing on May 27, 2024.

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC served as an underwriter in the IPO and received $1,241 of underwriting fees at closing on January 26, 2024.

(4)INVESTMENTS

The composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at cost and fair value was as follows:

(1)The Company reclassified certain investment composition groupings by breaking out Other Securities into Other Debt Investments and Equity. These reclassifications had no impact on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023.

The industry composition of investments at fair value was as follows:

The geographic composition of investments at cost and fair value was as follows:

(5)FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

ASC 820 establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which ranks the observability of inputs used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The observability of inputs is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of financial instruments and their specific characteristics. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices, or for which fair value can be measured from quoted prices in active markets, generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment applied in determining fair value.

The three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements is defined as follows:

Level 1—inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the measurement date. The types of financial instruments in this category include unrestricted securities, including equities and derivatives, listed in active markets. The Company will not adjust the quoted price for these instruments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

Level 2—inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date. The types of financial instruments in this category include less liquid and restricted securities listed in active markets, securities traded in markets that are not active, and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs.

Level 3—inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. The types of financial instruments in this category include investments in privately held entities, non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument.

Pursuant to the framework set forth above, the Company values securities traded in active markets on the measurement date by multiplying the exchange closing price of such traded securities/instruments by the quantity of shares or amount of the instrument held. The Company may also obtain quotes with respect to certain of the investments from pricing services, brokers or dealers’ quotes, or counterparty marks in order to value liquid assets that are not traded in active markets. Pricing services aggregate, evaluate and report pricing from a variety of sources including observed trades of identical or similar securities, broker or dealer quotes, model-based valuations and internal fundamental analysis and research. When doing so, the Company determines whether the quote obtained is sufficient according to U.S. GAAP to determine the fair value of the security. If determined adequate, the Company uses the quote obtained.

Securities that are illiquid or for which the pricing source does not provide a valuation or methodology or provides a valuation or methodology that, in the judgment of the Valuation Designee or the Board of Directors, does not represent fair value, each is valued as of the measurement date using all techniques appropriate under the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available. These valuation techniques may vary by investment but include comparable public market valuations, comparable precedent transaction valuations and discounted cash flow analyses. Non-controlled debt investments are generally fair valued using discounted cash flow technique. Expected cash flows are projected based on contractual terms and discounted back to the measurement date based on a discount rate. Discount rate is determined based upon an assessment of current and expected yields for similar investments and risk profiles. Non-controlled equity investments are generally fair valued using a market approach and/or an income approach. The market approach typically utilizes market value multiples of comparable publicly traded companies. The income approach typically utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis of the portfolio company. The Valuation Designee, under the supervision of the Board of Directors undertakes a multi-step valuation process each quarter, as described below:

1)each portfolio company or investment is initially valued by using a standardized template designed to approximate fair market value based on observable market inputs and updated credit statistics and unobservable inputs;

2)preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and reviewed by a valuation committee comprised of members of the Investment Adviser’s senior management;

3)the Board of Directors or Valuation Designee engages independent third-party valuation firms to provide positive assurance on a portion of the Company’s illiquid investments each quarter (such that each illiquid investment is reviewed by an independent valuation firm at least once on a rolling twelve-month basis) including review of management’s preliminary valuation and conclusion of fair value;

4)the Audit Committee reviews the assessments of the Valuation Designee and the independent third-party valuation firms and provides the Board of Directors with recommendations with respect to the fair value of each investment in the Company’s portfolio; and

5)the Board of Directors discusses the valuation recommendations of the Audit Committee and determine the fair value of each investment in the Company’s portfolio in good faith based on the input of the Valuation Designee and, where applicable, the third-party valuation firms.

The fair value is generally determined based on the assessment of the following factors, as relevant:

• the nature and realizable value of any collateral;

• call features, put features and other relevant terms of debt;

• the portfolio company’s leverage and ability to make payments;

• the portfolio company’s public or private letter credit ratings;

• the portfolio company’s actual and expected earnings and discounted cash flow;

• prevailing interest rates for like securities and expected volatility in future interest rates;

• the markets in which the issuer does business and recent economic and/or market events; and

• comparisons to publicly traded securities.

Investment performance data utilized will be the most recently available as of the measurement date which in many cases may reflect up to a one quarter lag in information.

The Board of Directors is ultimately responsible for the determination, in good faith, of the fair value of the Company’s portfolio investments.

The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of investments:

(1)The Company, as a practical expedient, estimates the fair value of its investment in Help HP SCF Investor, LP using the net asset value of the Company’s members’ interest in the entity. As such, the fair value has not been classified within the fair value hierarchy.

(2)The Company reclassified certain investment composition groupings by breaking out Other Securities into Other Debt Investments and Equity. These reclassifications had no impact on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023.

The following table presents changes in the fair value of the investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value for the three months ended September 30, 2024:

The following table presents changes in the fair value of the investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

(1) Includes transactions relating to restructurings.

(2) Transfer of portfolio investments within the three-level hierarchy is recorded during the period of such reclassification occurrence at the fair value as of the beginning of the respective period. Generally, reclassifications are primarily due to increase/decrease of price transparency.

The following table presents changes in the fair value of the investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value for the three months ended September 30, 2023:

The following table presents changes in the fair value of the investments for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine the fair value for the nine months ended September 30, 2023:

(1) Transfer of portfolio investments within the three-level hierarchy is recorded during the period of such reclassification occurrence at the fair value as of the beginning of the respective period. Generally, reclassifications are primarily due to increase/decrease of price transparency.

The following tables present quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments. The tables are not intended to be all-inclusive but instead captures the significant unobservable inputs relevant to the Company’s determination of fair value.

(1) For an asset category that contains a single investment, the range is not included.

(2) During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, one unsecured debt position with a fair value of $1.98 million transitioned from an income approach to a yield analysis valaution technique.

(3) Weighted average for an asset category consisting of multiple investments is calculated by weighting the significant unobservable input by the relative fair value of the investment. Weighted average for an asset category consisting of a single investment represents the significant unobservable input used in the fair value of the investment.

(1) Weighted average is calculated by weighting the significant unobservable input by the relative fair value of the investment.

The significant unobservable input used in yield analysis is discount rate based on comparable market yields. Significant increases in discount rates in isolation would result in a significantly lower fair value measurement. The significant unobservable input used in the market approach is the comparable company multiple. The multiple is used to estimate the enterprise value of the underlying investment. An increase/decrease in the multiple would result in an increase/decrease, respectively, in the fair value. The significant unobservable inputs used in the income approach are the comparative yield or discount rate. The comparative yield and discount rate are used to discount the estimated future cash flows expected to be received from the underlying investment. An increase/decrease in the comparative yield or discount rate would result in a decrease/increase, respectively, in the fair value.

Financial instruments disclosed but not carried at fair value

The Company’s debt is presented at carrying value on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The fair value of the Company’s 2027 Notes (as defined below in Note 6. “Debt”) are based on third party pricing received by the Company. The fair value of the Company’s credit facilities, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes are estimated in accordance with the Company's valuation policy. The carrying value, fair value and level of the Company’s debt were as follows:

(1)As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value of the Company’s 2027 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes were presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $2,657, $1,155 and $3,608 and unamortized original issuance discount of $506, $0 and $3,594, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company’s 2027 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes were presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $3,499, $2,065 $0, and unamortized original issuance discount of $667, $0 and $0, respectively.

The carrying amounts of the Company’s assets and liabilities, other than investments at fair value and debt, approximate fair value. These financial instruments are categorized as Level 3 within the hierarchy.

(6)DEBT

The Company’s debt obligations were as follows.

(1)As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, a letter of credit of $5,278 and $253, respectively, was outstanding, which reduced the unused availability under the Truist Credit Facility by the same amount. Under the Truist Credit Facility, the Company may borrow in U.S. dollars or certain other permitted currencies. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had borrowings denominated in Euros (EUR) of 238 and 238, respectively and Canadian dollars (CAD) of 300 and 0, respectively.

(2)As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value of the Company’s 2027 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes were presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $2,657, $1,155 and $3,608 and unamortized original issuance discount of $506, $0 and $3,594, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company’s 2027 Notes, 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes were presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $3,499, $2,065 $0, and unamortized original issuance discount of $667, $0 and $0, respectively.

The Company's summary information of its debt obligations were as follows:

(1) Excludes unused commitment fees, amortization of financing costs, accretion of original issue discount and net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on effective interest rate swaps and hedged items.

(2) Excludes unused commitment fees and and net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation on effective interest rate swaps and hedged items.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all covenants and other requirements of each of the credit facilities, and each of the respective unsecured notes.

BNP Funding Facility

On October 14, 2020, DLF LLC entered into a Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit and Security Agreement”) with DLF LLC, as the borrower, BNP Paribas (“BNP”), as the administrative agent and lender, the Company, as the equity holder and as the servicer, and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent to (as amended, the “BNP Funding Facility”). As of September 30, 2024, the borrowing capacity under the BNP Funding Facility was $600,000. The applicable margin on borrowings during the reinvestment period is 2.25% and, after the reinvestment period,2.75%.

The obligations of DLF LLC under the BNP Funding Facility are secured by the assets held by DLF LLC. The BNP Funding Facility reinvestment period ends on August 21, 2027 and the facility has a final maturity date of August 21, 2029.

The summary information of the BNP Funding Facility is as follows:

Truist Credit Facility

On July 16, 2021, the Company entered into a Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement with Truist Bank (as amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Truist Credit Facility). The maximum principal amount of the Truist Credit Facility is $1,300,000, subject to availability under the borrowing base. The Truist Credit Facility includes an uncommitted accordion feature that, as of September 30, 2024, allows the Company, under certain circumstances, to increase the borrowing capacity to up to $1,950,000. As of September 30, 2024, the availability period of the Truist Credit Facility will terminate on April 19, 2028. The Truist Credit Facility is guaranteed by certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company (the “Guarantors”). The Company’s obligations to the lenders under the Truist Credit Facility are secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of the Company and each Guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.

The Company may borrow amounts in U.S. dollars or certain other permitted currencies. Borrowings under the Truist Credit Facility bear interest at a per annum rate equal to, (x) for loans for which the Company elects the base rate option, the “alternate base rate” (which is the highest of (a) the prime rate as publicly announced by Truist Bank, (b) the sum of (i) the weighted average of the rates on overnight federal funds transactions, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus (ii)0.5%, and (c) Term SOFR (as defined in the Truist Credit Facility agreement) on such day plus 1% per annum) plus either (A)0.75% or (B)0.875%, based on certain borrowing base conditions and (y) for loans for which the Company elects the term benchmark option, Term SOFR, for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, or the applicable term benchmark rate for borrowings denominated in certain foreign currencies, in each case for the related interest period for such borrowing plus 1.875% per annum or such other applicable margin as is applicable to such foreign currency borrowings. The Company pays an unused fee of 0.375% per annum on the daily unused amount of the revolver commitments. The Company pays letter of credit participation fees and a fronting fee on the average daily amount of any letter of credit issued and outstanding under the Truist Credit Facility, as applicable. As of September 30, 2024, the Truist Credit Facility has a maturity date of April 19, 2029.

The summary information of the Truist Credit Facility is as follows:

Unsecured Notes

2027 Notes

On February 11, 2022, the Company issued $425,000 in aggregate principal amount of 4.50% notes due 2027 (the restricted securities initially issued on February 11, 2022 together with the unrestricted securities issued pursuant to the exchange offer described below, the “2027 Notes”) pursuant to the First Supplemental Indenture dated February 11, 2022 (the “First Supplemental Indenture”), which supplements a base indenture, dated as of February 11, 2022 (as may be further amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Base Indenture” and together with the First Supplemental Indenture, the “February 2027 Notes Indenture”).

The 2027 Notes will mature on February 11, 2027 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at the Company’s option at any time or from time to time at the redemption prices set forth in the February 2027 Notes Indenture. The 2027 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2027 Notes, rank pari passu with all existing and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company, rank effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness (including unsecured indebtedness that the Company later secures) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness, and rank structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness (including trade payables) incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

Pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form N-14 (File No. 333-264774), filed on July 20, 2022, the Company closed an exchange offer in which holders of the 2027 Notes that were restricted because they were issued in a private placement were offered the opportunity to exchange such notes for new, registered notes with substantially identical terms. Through this exchange offer, holders representing 85.87% of the outstanding principal of the then restricted 2027 Notes obtained registered unrestricted 2027 Notes.

The summary information of 2027 Notes is as follows:

2025 Notes

On September 13, 2022, the Company entered into a Master Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) governing the issuance of $275,000 in aggregate principal amount of Series A Senior Notes due September 13, 2025 (the “2025 Notes”) to certain qualified institutional investors in a private placement. The 2025 Notes were delivered and paid for on September 13, 2022, subject to certain customary closing conditions. The 2025 Notes have a fixed interest rate of 7.55% per year. The 2025 Notes will mature on September 13, 2025 unless redeemed, purchased or prepaid prior to such date by the Company in accordance with the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement. Interest on the 2025 Notes is due semiannually in February and August of each year. Subject to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, the Company may redeem the 2025 Notes in whole or in part at any time or from time to time at the Company’s option at par plus accrued interest to the prepayment date and, if redeemed on or before June 13, 2025, a make-whole premium. The Company’s obligations under the Note Purchase Agreement are general unsecured obligations that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.

The summary information of 2025 Notes is as follows:

2029 Notes

On May 17, 2024, the Company issued $350,000 in aggregate principal amount of 6.150% notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”), pursuant to the Second Supplemental Indenture dated May 17, 2024 (the “Second Supplemental Indenture”), which supplements the Base Indenture (together with the Second Supplemental Indenture, the “March 2029 Notes Indenture”).

The 2029 Notes will mature on May 17, 2029 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at the Company’s option at any time prior to April 17, 2029 at par value plus a “make-whole” premium calculated in accordance with the terms under “optional redemption” in the March 2029 Notes Indenture and at par value on April 17, 2029 or thereafter. The 2029 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank senior in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2029 Notes, rank pari passu with all existing and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company, rank effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness (including unsecured indebtedness that the

Company later secures) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness, and rank structurally junior to all existing and future indebtedness (including trade payables) incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

In connection with the 2029 Notes Offering, the Company entered into interest rate swaps. Under the interest rate swap agreement related to the 2029 Notes, the Company receives a fixed interest rate of 6.413% per annum and pays a floating interest rate of SOFR +2.37% per annum on $350,000 of the 2029 Notes. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company paid no periodic payments. The interest expense related to the 2029 Notes is equally offset by the proceeds received from the interest rate swaps. The swap adjusted interest expense is included as a component of interest expense on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of September 30, 2024, the interest rate swaps had a fair value of $11,131. Based on the fair value measurement hierarchy, the swaps are classified as level 3 investments. Depending on the nature of the balance at period end, the fair value of the interest rate swaps are either included as a component of accrued expenses and other liabilities or prepaid expenses and other assets on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The change in fair value of the interest rate swaps is offset by the change in fair value of the 2029 Notes, with the remaining difference included as a component of interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company designated each interest rate swap as the hedging instrument in a qualifying hedge accounting relationship.

The summary information of 2029 Notes is as follows:

(7)COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into contracts that provide a variety of general indemnifications. Any exposure to the Company under these arrangements could involve future claims that may be made against the Company. Currently, no such claims exist or are expected to arise and, accordingly, the Company has not accrued any liability in connection with such indemnifications.

The Company’s investment portfolio contains debt investments which are in the form of lines of credit or delayed draw commitments, which require us to provide funding when requested by portfolio companies in accordance with underlying loan agreements. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $552,411 and $294,950 of unfunded commitments to fund delayed draw and revolving senior secured loans, respectively.

(8)NET ASSETS

Equity

On January 26, 2024, the Company closed its IPO, issuing 5,000,000 shares of its Common Stock at a public offering price of $20.67 per share. Net of underwriting fees, the Company received net cash proceeds, before offering expenses, of approximately $97.1 million. The Company’s Common Stock began trading on the NYSE under the symbol “MSDL” on January 24, 2024.

In connection with the IPO, the Company redeemed any fractional shares of Common Stock outstanding for cash in an amount equal to the pro rata portion of $20.67 per share of Common Stock, which was the initial public offering price in the IPO.

The following table shows the components of total distributable earnings (loss) as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities:

Distributions

Prior to January 26, 2024, the Company had an “opt in” dividend reinvestment plan, or the DRIP. As a result, the Company’s stockholders who elected to “opt in” to the DRIP had their cash dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of Common Stock, rather than receiving cash. The Company adopted an “opt out” DRIP on January 26, 2024. As a result, the Company’s stockholders who have not “opted out” of the DRIP will have their cash dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of Common Stock, rather than receiving cash. The shares of Common Stock distributed in the Company’s DRIP are either through (i) newly issued shares of Common Stock or (ii) acquired by the plan administrator through the purchase of outstanding shares of Common Stock on the open market. If, on the payment date for any distribution, the most recently computed net asset value per share as of the DRIP is equal to or less than the closing market price plus estimated per share fees, the plan administrator will invest the distribution amount in newly issued shares of Common Stock. Otherwise, the plan administrator will invest the dividend amount in shares acquired by purchasing shares of Common Stock on the open market. The following table summarizes the distributions declared on shares of the Company’s Common Stock and shares distributed pursuant to the DRIP to stockholders who had not opted out of the DRIP. For more information, see “Note 11. Subsequent Events.”

The following table summarizes the Company’s distributions declared as well as the DRIP shares issued for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and September 30, 2023:

(1) In connection with the distributions with payment dates on January 25, 2024 and January 25, 2023,615,660 and 445,235 DRIP shares were issued, respectively.

(2) In accordance with the Company’s DRIP, shares were purchased in the open market.

(3) Represents a special distribution declared by the board on January 11, 2024.

(4) Includes a supplemental distribution of $0.07.

(5) Includes a supplemental distribution of $0.10.

On January 11, 2024, the Board declared a special distribution of $0.10 per share, which is payable on January 24, 2025 to shareholders of record as of November 4, 2024.

Share Repurchase Plan

On January 25, 2024, the Company entered into a share repurchase plan, or the Company 10b5-1 Plan, to acquire up to $100 million in the aggregate of the Company’s Common Stock at prices below the Company’s net asset value per share over a specified period, in accordance with the guidelines specified in Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. The Company 10b5-1 Plan was approved by the Board of Directors on September 11, 2023. The Company 10b5-1 Plan requires Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as the Company’s agent, to repurchase Common Stock on its behalf when the market price per share is below the most recently reported net asset value per share (including any updates, corrections or adjustments publicly announced by the Company to any previously announced net asset value per share, including any distributions declared). Under the

Company 10b5-1 Plan, the volume of purchases would be expected to increase as the price of the Company’s Common Stock declines, subject to volume restrictions. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will depend on the terms and conditions of the Company 10b5-1 Plan, the market price of the Company’s Common Stock and trading volumes, and no assurance can be given that Common Stock will be repurchased in any particular amount or at all. The repurchase of shares pursuant to the Company 10b5-1 Plan is intended to satisfy the conditions of Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act, and will otherwise be subject to applicable law, including Regulation M, which may prohibit repurchases under certain circumstances. The Company 10b5-1 Plan commenced beginning 60 calendar days following the end of the “restricted period” under Regulation M and will terminate upon the earliest to occur of (i) 12-months from the commencement date of the Company 10b5-1 Plan, (ii) the end of the trading day on which the aggregate purchase price for all shares purchased under the Company 10b5-1 Plan equals $100 million and (iii) the occurrence of certain other events described in the Company 10b5-1 Plan.

The “restricted period” under Regulation M ended upon the closing of the Company's IPO and, therefore, the Common Stock repurchases/purchases described above began on March 26, 2024.

The following table summarizes the shares repurchased under the Company 10b5-1 Plan during the three months ended September 30, 2024:

No shares were repurchased under the Company's 10b5-1 Plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

(9)EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

(10)CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The following are the financial highlights (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):

(1)The per share data was derived by using the weighted average shares outstanding during the period, except otherwise noted.

(2)The amount shown does not correspond with the aggregate amount for the period as it includes the effect of the timing of capital transactions.

(3)Total return (not annualized) is calculated assuming a purchase of Common Stock at the opening of the first day of the period and a sale on the closing of the last business day of the period. Dividends and distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation, to be reinvested at prices obtained under the Company’s DRIP.

(4)Total return based on market value is calculated as the change in market value per share during the respective periods, taking into account distributions, if any, reinvested in accordance with the Company’s DRIP. The beginning market value per share is based on the initial public offering price of $20.67 per share and not annualized.

(5)Amounts are annualized except for incentive fees.

(6)Effective December 17, 2019, in accordance with Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act, with certain limited exceptions, the Company is allowed to borrow amounts such that its asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least 150% after such borrowing. Prior to December 17, 2019, in accordance with the 1940 Act, with certain limited exceptions, the Company was allowed to borrow amounts such that its asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, was at least 200% after such borrowing.

(11)SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent events have been evaluated through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued. There have been no subsequent events that require recognition or disclosure through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued, except as disclosed below.

On November 4, 2024, the Board declared a distribution of $0.50 per share, which is payable on January 24, 2025 to shareholders of record as of December 31, 2024.

Since September 30th, 2024, the Company repurchased 238,951 shares at an average price of $19.95, as part of the Company's 10b5-1 plan.

Amendment to Dividend Reinvestment Plan

The Company has adopted an amendment to its “opt out” DRIP, to be effective December 7, 2024, to clarify that the DRIP plan administrator will not issue fractional shares in the DRIP and instead will issue cash in lieu of such fractional shares in an amount equal to the difference between the cash distributions declared and payable to such DRIP plan participant and the value of the whole shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to such participant pursuant to the DRIP.

No action is required on the part of the Company’s registered stockholders to have their cash dividend or other distribution reinvested in shares of Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the DRIP, as amended as described above. A registered stockholder may elect to receive an entire distribution in cash by notifying the plan administrator and the Company’s transfer agent and registrar in writing so that such notice is received by the plan administrator no later than 10 days prior to the record date for distributions to stockholders. Those stockholders who hold shares of the Company’s Common Stock through a broker or other financial intermediary may receive dividends and other distributions in cash by notifying their broker or other financial intermediary of their election.