Blue Owl Technology Finance Corp

(1)Total return is calculated as the change in net asset value (“NAV”) per share during the period, plus distributions per share, if any, divided by the beginning NAV per share.

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Income Taxes, Including Excise Taxes

We have elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, and we intend to operate in a manner so as to continue to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. To qualify for tax treatment as a RIC, we must, among other things, distribute to our shareholders in each taxable year generally at least 90% of our investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code, and net tax-exempt income for that taxable year. To maintain our tax treatment as a RIC, we, among other things, intend to make the requisite distributions to our shareholders, which generally relieves us from U.S. federal income taxes at corporate rates.

Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, we can be expected to carry forward taxable income (including net capital gains, if any) in excess of current year dividend distributions from the current tax year into the next tax year and pay a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax on such taxable income, as required. To the extent that we determine that our estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year dividend distributions from such income, we will accrue excise tax on estimated excess taxable income.

Taxable Subsidiaries

Certain of our consolidated subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal and state corporate-level income taxes. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a net tax benefit of approximately $6 thousand. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we did not record a net tax benefit (provision).

We recorded a net deferred tax asset of $5 thousand as of December 31, 2023, for taxable subsidiaries, which is significantly related to GAAP to tax outside basis differences in the taxable subsidiaries’ investment in certain partnership interests. We did not record a net deferred tax asset (liability) for tax subsidiaries as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Net Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses)

We fair value our portfolio investments quarterly and any changes in fair value are recorded as unrealized gains or losses. During the following periods, net change in unrealized gains (losses) were:

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the net unrealized loss was primarily driven by a decrease in the fair value of our investments as compared to December 31, 2022. The primary drivers of our portfolio’s unrealized losses were decreases in the fair value of certain equity investments and reversals of prior period unrealized gains that were realized during the period in connection with restructurings, partially offset by reversals of prior period unrealized losses that were realized during the period and the impact of credit spreads tightening across the broader market as compared to December 31, 2022. The ten largest contributors to the change in net unrealized gain (loss) on investments during the period consisted of the following:

(1)Portfolio company is a non-controlled, affiliated investment.

(2)Our investment in the portfolio company was restructured. See "ITEM 8 —Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Information —Consolidated Schedule of Investments as of December 31, 2023 —Footnote 22."

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the net unrealized loss was primarily driven by a decrease in the fair value of our investments as compared to December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the fair value of our debt investments as a percentage of principal was 97.9%, as compared to 99.1% as of December 31, 2021. The primary drivers of our portfolio’s unrealized losses were current market conditions, increased market volatility effecting our investments in publicly traded companies, and credit spreads widening across the broader market as compared to December 31, 2021. The ten largest contributors to the change in net unrealized gain (loss) on investments during the period consisted of the following:

Net Realized Gains (Losses)

The table below presents the realized gains and losses on fully exited portfolio companies, partially exited portfolio companies and foreign currency transactions during the following periods:

Realized Gross Internal Rate of Return

Since we began investing in 2018 through December 31, 2023, our exited investments have resulted in an aggregate cash flow realized gross internal rate of return to us of over 11.4% (based on total capital invested of $3.0 billion and total proceeds from these exited investments of $3.6 billion). Approximately over sixty percent of these exited investments resulted in an aggregate cash flow realized gross internal rate of return (“IRR”) to us of 10% or greater.

IRR, is a measure of our discounted cash flows (inflows and outflows). Specifically, IRR is the discount rate at which the net present value of all cash flows is equal to zero. That is, IRR is the discount rate at which the present value of total capital invested in each of our investments is equal to the present value of all realized returns from that investment. Our IRR calculations are unaudited.

Capital invested, with respect to an investment, represents the aggregate cost basis allocable to the realized or unrealized portion of the investment, net of any upfront fees paid at closing for the term loan portion of the investment.

Realized returns, with respect to an investment, represents the total cash received with respect to each investment, including all amortization payments, interest, dividends, prepayment fees, upfront fees (except upfront fees paid at closing for the term loan portion of an investment), administrative fees, agent fees, amendment fees, accrued interest, and other fees and proceeds.

Gross IRR, with respect to an investment, is calculated based on the dates that we invested capital and dates we received distributions, regardless of when we made distributions to our shareholders. Initial investments are assumed to occur at time zero.

Gross IRR reflects historical results relating to our past performance and is not necessarily indicative of our future results. In addition, gross IRR does not reflect the effect of management fees, expenses, incentive fees or taxes borne, or to be borne, by us or our shareholders, and would be lower if it did.

Aggregate cash flow realized gross IRR on our exited investments reflects only invested and realized cash amounts as described above, and does not reflect any unrealized gains or losses in our portfolio.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our liquidity and capital resources are generated primarily from cash flows from interest, dividends and fees earned from our investments and principal repayments, our credit facilities, and other secured and unsecured debt. The primary uses of our cash are (i) investments in portfolio companies and other investments and to comply with certain portfolio diversification requirements, (ii) the cost of operations (including paying or reimbursing our Adviser) and (iii) cash distributions to the holders of our shares.

We may from time to time enter into additional credit facilities, increase the size of our existing credit facilities or issue additional debt securities. Additional financings could include SPV drop down facilities and unsecured notes. Any such incurrence or issuance would be subject to prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual and regulatory restrictions and other factors. In accordance with the 1940 Act, with certain limited exceptions, we are only allowed to incur borrowings, issue debt securities or issue preferred stock, if immediately after the borrowing or issuance, the ratio of total assets (less total liabilities other than indebtedness) to total indebtedness plus preferred stock, is at least 150%. In addition, from time to time, we may seek to retire, repurchase, or exchange debt securities in open market purchases or by other means, including privately negotiated transactions, in each case dependent on market conditions, liquidity, contractual obligations, and other matters. The amounts involved in any such transactions, individually or in the aggregate, may be material. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our asset coverage ratio was 217% and 206%, respectively. We seek to carefully consider our unfunded commitments for the purpose of planning our ongoing financial leverage. Further, we maintain sufficient borrowing capacity within the 150% asset coverage limitation to cover any outstanding unfunded commitments we are required to fund. Our current target ratio is 0.90x to 1.25x.

Cash as of December 31, 2023, taken together with our available debt capacity of $746.6 million, is expected to be sufficient for our investing activities and to conduct our operations in the near term. Our long-term cash needs will include principal payments on outstanding indebtedness and funding of additional portfolio investments. Funding for long-term cash needs will come from unused net proceeds from financing activities. We believe that our liquidity and sources of capital are adequate to satisfy our short and long-term cash requirements. We cannot, however, be certain that these sources of funds will be available at a time and upon terms acceptable to us in sufficient amounts in the future.

As of December 31, 2023, we had $469.0 million in cash. During the period ended December 31, 2023, cash provided by operating activities was $708.4 million, primarily as a result of funding portfolio investments of $849.5 million, offset by sales of portfolio investments of $1,334.7 million and other operating activities of $223.1 million. Lastly, cash used in financing activities was $442.6 million during the period, which was the result of net repayments on our credit facilities of $222.4 million, debt issuance costs of $11.5 million and distributions paid of $208.7 million.

Equity

Subscriptions and Drawdowns

In connection with our formation, we have the authority to issue 500,000,000 common shares at $0.01 per share par value.

Prior to August 1, 2021, we entered into subscription agreements (the "Subscription Agreements") with investors providing for the private placement of our common shares. Under the terms of the Subscription Agreements, investors were required to fund drawdowns to purchase our common shares up to the amount of their respective Capital Commitment on an as-needed basis each time we delivered a drawdown notice to our investors. As of November 5, 2021, all Capital Commitments had been drawn.

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not deliver capital call notices to investors.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we delivered the following capital call notices to investors:

The tables below present the distributions declared on shares of the Company’s common stock during the following periods:

Dividend Reinvestment

With respect to distributions, we adopted an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan for common shareholders. As a result, in the event of a declared distribution, each shareholder that has not “opted out” of the dividend reinvestment plan will have their dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock rather than receiving cash distributions.

Shareholders who receive distributions in the form of shares of common stock will be subject to the same U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences as if they received cash distributions.

The tables below present the common stock issued pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan during the following periods:

Debt

Aggregate Borrowings

The tables below present debt obligations as of the following periods:

(2)The carrying value of our Revolving Credit Facility, SPV Asset Facility I, SPV Asset Facility II, June 2025 Notes, December 2025 Notes, June 2026 Notes, January 2027 Notes, and CLO 2020-1 is presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $16.1 million, $5.6 million, $1.9 million, $1.8 million, -$3.0 million, $3.7 million, $4.6 million and $4.4 million, respectively.

(2)The carrying value of our Revolving Credit Facility, SPV Asset Facility I, SPV Asset Facility II, June 2025 Notes, December 2025 Notes, June 2026 Notes, January 2027 Notes, and CLO 2020-1 is presented net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $13.8 million, $4.7 million, $2.2 million, $2.9 million, -$4.6 million, $5.1 million, $6.1 million, and $2.7 million, respectively.

The table below presents the components of interest expense for the following periods:

Senior Securities

The table below presents information about our senior securities as of the following periods:

(1)Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.

(2)Asset coverage per unit is the ratio of the carrying value of our total assets, less all liabilities excluding indebtedness represented by senior securities in this table, to the aggregate amount of senior securities representing indebtedness. Asset coverage per unit is expressed in terms of dollar amounts per $1,000 of indebtedness and is calculated on a consolidated basis.

(3)The amount to which such class of senior security would be entitled upon our involuntary liquidation in preference to any security junior to it. The "—" in this column indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.

(4)Not applicable because the senior securities are not registered for public trading.

(5)Facility was terminated in 2021.

Credit Facilities

Subscription Credit Facility

On November 19, 2018, we entered into a revolving credit facility (as amended, the “Subscription Credit Facility”) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”) as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”) and letter of credit issuer, and the banks of financial institutions from time to time party thereto, as lenders.

The Subscription Credit Facility permitted us to borrow up to $700 million, subject to availability under the “Borrowing Base.” The Borrowing Base was calculated based on the unused Capital Commitments of the investors meeting various eligibility requirements above certain concentration limits. Effective November 5, 2021, the outstanding balance on the Subscription Credit Facility was paid in full and the facility was terminated pursuant to its terms.

Borrowings under the Subscription Credit Facility bore interest, at our election at the time of drawdown, at a rate per annum equal to (i) in the case of LIBOR rate loans, an adjusted LIBOR rate for the applicable interest period plus 1.50% or (ii) in the case of reference rate loans, the greatest of (A) a prime rate plus 0.50%, (B) the federal funds rate plus 1.00%, and (C) one-month LIBOR plus 1.50%. We generally borrowed utilizing LIBOR rate loans, generally electing one-month LIBOR upon borrowing. Loans were able to be converted from one rate to another at any time at our election, subject to certain conditions. We also will paid an unused commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on the unused commitments.

Revolving Credit Facility

On November 15, 2022, we entered into an Amended and Restated Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), which amended and restated in its entirety that certain Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2019 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified prior to November 15, 2022). The parties to the Revolving Credit Facility include us, as Borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto

(each a “Lender” and collectively, the “Lenders”), Truist Bank as Administrative Agent, Truist Securities, Inc., ING Capital LLC, MUFG Union Bank, N.A., Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Joint Lead Arrangers and Truist Securities, Inc. and ING Capital LLC, as Joint Bookrunners. On September 26, 2023, the parties to the Revolving Credit Facility entered into an amendment, including to increase the maximum commitments available under the facility, extend the availability period and maturity date, reduce the credit adjustment spread for US dollar denominated term SOFR loans and make various other changes. The following describes the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility amended through September 26, 2023 (the “Revolving Credit Facility First Amendment Date”).

The Revolving Credit Facility is guaranteed by each of OR Tech Lending LLC, ORT KB LLC, ORTF AAM RH LLC (f/k/a ORTF BC 1 LLC), ORTF AAM LLC (f/k/a ORTF BC 2 LLC), ORTF FSI LLC (f/k/a ORTF BC 3 LLC), ORTF BC 4 LLC, ORTF BC 5 LLC and ORTF BC 6 LLC, each our subsidiary, and will be guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries that are formed or acquired by us in the future (collectively, the “Guarantors”). Proceeds of the Revolving Credit Facility may be used for general corporate purposes, including the funding of portfolio investments.

As of the Revolving Credit Facility First Amendment Date, the maximum principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility was $1.090 billion (increased from $1.040 billion on July 7, 2023 and further increased from $1.065 billion), subject to availability under the borrowing base, which is based on our portfolio investments and other outstanding indebtedness. Maximum capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility may be increased to $1.64 billion through our exercise of an uncommitted accordion feature through which existing and new lenders may, at their option, agree to provide additional financing. The Revolving Credit Facility includes a $200 million limit for swingline loans, and is secured by a perfected first-priority interest in substantially all of the portfolio investments held by us and each Guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.

As of the Revolving Credit Facility First Amendment Date, the availability period under the Revolving Credit Facility will terminate on September 24, 2027 (the “Revolving Credit Facility Commitment Termination Date”) and the Revolving Credit Facility will mature on September 26, 2028 (the “Revolving Credit Facility Maturity Date”). During the period from the Revolving Credit Facility Commitment Termination Date to the Revolving Credit Facility Maturity Date, we will be obligated to make mandatory prepayments under the Revolving Credit Facility out of the proceeds of certain asset sales and other recovery events and equity and debt issuances.

We may borrow amounts in U.S. dollars or certain other permitted currencies. Amounts drawn under the Revolving Credit Facility in U.S. dollars will bear interest at either (i) term SOFR plus a credit spread adjustment plus a margin or (ii) the prime rate plus a margin. We may elect either the term SOFR or prime rate at the time of drawdown, and loans denominated in U.S. dollars may be converted from one rate to another at any time at our option, subject to certain conditions. Amounts drawn under the Revolving Credit Facility in other permitted currencies will bear interest at the relevant rate specified therein plus an applicable margin (including any applicable credit spread adjustment). We will also pay a fee of 0.375% on average daily undrawn amounts under the Revolving Credit Facility.

The Revolving Credit Facility includes customary covenants, including certain limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness and on our ability to make distributions to our shareholders, or redeem, repurchase or retire shares of stock, upon the occurrence of certain events and certain financial covenants related to asset coverage and liquidity and other maintenance covenants, as well as customary events of default. The Revolving Credit Facility requires a minimum asset coverage ratio with respect to the consolidated assets of the Company and its subsidiaries to senior securities that constitute indebtedness of no less than 1.50 to 1.00 at any time.

SPV Asset Facilities

Certain of our wholly owned subsidiaries are parties to credit facilities (the “SPV Asset Facilities”). Pursuant to the SPV Asset Facilities, we sell and contribute certain investments to these wholly owned subsidiaries pursuant to sale and contribution agreements by and between us and the wholly owned subsidiaries. No gain or loss is recognized as a result of these contributions. Proceeds from the SPV Asset Facilities are used to finance the origination and acquisition of eligible assets by the wholly owned subsidiary, including the purchase of such assets from us. We retain a residual interest in assets contributed to or acquired to the wholly owned subsidiary through our ownership of the wholly owned subsidiary. The SPV Asset Facilities are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in the assets of these wholly owned subsidiaries and on any payments received by such wholly owned subsidiaries in respect of those assets. Assets pledged to lenders under the SPV Asset Facilities will not be available to pay our debts. The SPV Asset Facilities contain customary covenants, including certain limitations on the incurrence by us of additional indebtedness and on our ability to make distributions to our shareholders, or redeem, repurchase or retire shares of stock, upon the occurrence of certain events, and customary events of default (with customary cure and notice provisions).

SPV Asset Facility I

On December 22, 2022 (the “SPV Asset Facility I Closing Date”), OR Tech Financing I LLC ("OR Tech Financing I”), a Delaware limited liability company and our wholly-owned subsidiary entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “SPV Asset Facility I”), which amends and restates in its entirety that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of August 11, 2020, by and among OR Tech Financing I, as Borrower, Alter Domus (US) LLC, as Administrative Agent and Document Custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, as Collateral Agent, Collateral Administrator and Custodian and the lenders from time to time party thereto (the "SPV Asset Facility I Lenders"). On March 30, 2023, the parties to the SPV Asset Facility I entered into an amendment and the following describes the terms of SPV Asset Facility I as amended through such date.

From time to time, we expect to sell and contribute certain investments to OR Tech Financing I pursuant to a Sale and Contribution Agreement by and between us and OR Tech Financing I. No gain or loss will be recognized as a result of the contribution. Proceeds from the SPV Asset Facility I will be used to finance the origination and acquisition of eligible assets by OR Tech Financing I, including the purchase of such assets from us. We retain a residual interest in assets contributed to or acquired by OR Tech Financing I through our ownership of OR Tech Financing I. The total term loan commitment of the SPV Asset Facility I is $600 million (increased from $450 million on March 30, 2023). The availability of the commitments are subject to a ramp up period and subject to an overcollateralization ratio test, which is based on the value of OR Tech Financing I assets from time to time, and satisfaction of certain other tests and conditions, including an advance rate test, interest coverage ratio test, certain concentration limits and collateral quality tests.

The SPV Asset Facility I provides for the ability to draw term loans for a period of up to two years after the SPV Asset Facility I Closing Date unless the commitments are terminated as provided in the SPV Asset Facility I. Unless otherwise terminated, the SPV Asset Facility I will mature on December 22, 2033 (the “SPV Asset Facility I Stated Maturity”). Prior to the SPV Asset Facility I Stated Maturity, proceeds received by OR Tech Financing I from principal and interest, dividends, or fees on assets must be used to pay fees, expenses and interest on outstanding borrowings, and the excess may be returned to us, subject to certain conditions. On the SPV Asset Facility I Stated Maturity, OR Tech Financing I must pay in full all outstanding fees and expenses and all principal and interest on outstanding borrowings, and the excess may be returned to us.

Amounts drawn bear interest at term SOFR plus a spread of 3.31%. The SPV Asset Facility I contains customary covenants, limitations on the activities of OR Tech Financing I, including limitations on incurrence of incremental indebtedness, and customary events of default. The SPV Asset Facility I is secured by a perfected first priority security interest in the assets of OR Tech Financing I and on any payments received by OR Tech Financing I in respect of those assets. Assets pledged to the SPV Asset Facility I Lenders will not be available to pay our debts.

SPV Asset Facility II

On November 16, 2021 (the "SPV Asset Facility II Closing Date"), ORTF Funding I LLC ("ORTF Funding I"), a Delaware limited liability company and our newly formed subsidiary entered into a Credit Agreement (the "SPV Asset Facility II"), with ORTF Funding I LLC, as Borrower, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA as Sole Lead Arranger, Syndication Agent and Administrative Agent, State Street Bank and Trust Company as Collateral Administrator and Collateral Agent and Alter Domus (US) LLC as Collateral Custodian. On the SPV Asset Facility II Closing Date, ORTF Funding I and Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as Administrative Agent, also entered into a Margining Agreement relating to the Secured Credit Facility (the "Margining Agreement"). The following describes the terms of the SPV Asset Facility II as amended through June 23, 2023.

From time to time, we expect to sell and contribute certain investments to ORTF Funding I pursuant to a Sale and Contribution Agreement by and between us and ORTF Funding I. No gain or loss will be recognized as a result of the contribution. Proceeds from SPV Asset Facility II will be used to finance the origination and acquisition of eligible assets by ORTF Funding I, including the purchase of such assets from us. We retain a residual interest in assets contributed to or acquired by ORTF Funding I through our ownership of ORTF Funding I. The maximum principal amount which may be borrowed under SPV Asset Facility II is $300 million; the availability of this amount is subject to a borrowing base test, which is based on the value of ORTF Funding I’s assets from time to time, and satisfaction of certain conditions, including certain concentration limits.

The SPV Asset Facility II provides for the ability to draw and redraw revolving loans for a period of up to three years after the SPV Asset Facility II Closing Date. Unless otherwise terminated, the SPV Asset Facility II will mature on November 16, 2026 (the "SPV Asset Facility II State Maturity"). Prior to the SPV Asset Facility II Stated Maturity, proceeds received by ORTF Funding I from principal and interest, dividends, or fees on assets must be used to pay fees, expenses and interest on outstanding borrowings, and the excess may be returned to us, subject to certain conditions. On the SPV Asset Facility II Stated Maturity, ORTF Funding I must pay in full all outstanding fees and expenses and all principal and interest on outstanding borrowings, and the excess may be returned to us. The SPV Asset Facility II may be permanently reduced, in whole or in part, at the option of ORTF Funding I subject to payment of a premium for a period of time.

Amounts drawn bear interest at Term SOFR plus a spread of 2.625% and the spread is payable on the amount by which the undrawn amount exceeds a minimum threshold, initially zero and ramping to 75% of the commitment amount. The undrawn amount of the commitment not subject to such spread payment is subject to an undrawn fee of 0.50% per annum. Certain additional fees are payable on each payment date to Goldman Sachs Bank USA as Administrative Agent. In additional, under the Margining Agreement and Credit Agreement, ORTF Funding I is required to post cash margin (or in certain cases, additional eligible assets) to the Administrative Agent if a borrowing base deficiency occurs or if the weighted average price gap (as defined in the Margining Agreement), which is a measure of the excess of the aggregate value assigned to ORTF Funding I’s assets for purposes of the borrowing base test over the total amount drawn under the SPV Asset Facility II, falls below 20%.

Unsecured Notes

June 2025 Notes

On June 12, 2020, we issued $210 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% notes due 2025 (the “June 2025 Notes”) in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and for initial resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. The June 2025 Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration.

The June 2025 Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture dated as of June 12, 2020 (the “Base Indenture”), between us and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as successor to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”), and a First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 12, 2020 (the “First Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “June 2025 Indenture”), between us and the Trustee. The June 2025 Notes will mature on June 30, 2025 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at our option at any time or from time to time at the redemption prices set forth in the June 2025 Indenture. The June 2025 Notes initially bear interest at a rate of 6.75% per year payable semi-annually on June 30 and December 30 of each year, commencing on December 30, 2020. As described in the First Supplemental Indenture, if the June 2025 Notes cease to have an investment grade rating from Kroll Bond Rating Agency (or if Kroll Bond Rating Agency ceases to rate the June 2025 Notes or fails to make a rating of the June 2025 Notes publicly available for reasons outside of our control, a “nationally recognized statistical rating organization,” as defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) selected by us as a replacement agency for Kroll Bond Rating Agency) (an “Interest Rate Adjustment Event”), the interest rate on the June 2025 Notes will increase to 7.50% from the date of the Interest Rate Adjustment Event until the date on which the June 2025 Notes next again receive an investment grade rating. The June 2025 Notes are our direct, general unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of our future indebtedness or other obligations that are expressly subordinated, or junior, in right of payment to the June 2025 Notes. The June 2025 Notes rank pari passu, or equal, in right of payment with all of our existing and future indebtedness or other obligations that are not so subordinated, or junior. The June 2025 Notes rank effectively subordinated, or junior, to any of our future secured indebtedness or other obligations. The June 2025 Notes rank structurally subordinated, or junior, to all existing and future indebtedness and other obligations (including trade payables) incurred by our subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

The June 2025 Indenture contains certain covenants, including covenants requiring us to (i) comply with the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act, whether or not it is subject to those requirements, and (ii) provide financial information to the holders of the June 2025 Notes and the Trustee if we are no longer subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the June 2025 Indenture.

In addition, if a change of control repurchase event, as defined in the June 2025 Indenture, occurs prior to maturity, holders of the June 2025 Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase for cash some or all of the June 2025 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2025 Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

December 2025 Notes

On September 23, 2020, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of its 4.75% notes due 2025 (the “December 2025 Notes”) in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, and for initial resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. On November 23, 2021, we issued an additional $250 million aggregate principal amount of the December

2025 Notes in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, and for initial resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. The December 2025 Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration.

The December 2025 Notes were issued pursuant to the Base Indenture and a Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 23, 2020 (the “Second Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “December 2025 Indenture”), between us and the Trustee. The December 2025 Notes will mature on December 15, 2025 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at our option at any time or from time to time at the redemption prices set forth in the December 2025 Indenture. The December 2025 Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.75% per year payable semi-annually on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on December 15, 2020. The December 2025 Notes are our direct, general unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of our future indebtedness or other obligations that are expressly subordinated, or junior, in right of payment to the December 2025 Notes. The December 2025 Notes rank pari passu, or equal, in right of payment with all of our existing and future indebtedness or other obligations that are not so subordinated, or junior. The December 2025 Notes rank effectively subordinated, or junior, to any of our future secured indebtedness or other obligations (including unsecured indebtedness that we later secure) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The December 2025 Notes rank structurally subordinated, or junior, to all existing and future indebtedness and other obligations (including trade payables) incurred by our subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

The Indenture contains certain covenants, including covenants requiring us to (i) comply with the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act, as amended, whether or not it is subject to those requirements, and (ii) provide financial information to the holders of the December 2025 Notes and the Trustee we no longer are subject to the reporting requirements under the Exchange Act, as amended. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the Indenture.

In addition, if a change of control repurchase event, as defined in the December 2025 Indenture, occurs prior to maturity, holders of the December 2025 Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase for cash some or all of the December 2025 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the December 2025 Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

June 2026 Notes

On December 17, 2020, we issued $375 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% notes due 2026 (the “June 2026 Notes”) in a private placement in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, and for initial to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A promulgated under the Securities Act. The June 2026 Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration.

The June 2026 Notes were issued pursuant to the Base Indenture and a Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 17, 2020 (the “Third Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “June 2026 Indenture”), between us and the Trustee. The June 2026 Notes will mature on June 17, 2026 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at our option at any time or from time to time at the redemption prices set forth in the June 2026 Indenture. The June 2026 Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per year payable semi-annually on June 17 and December 17 of each year, commencing on June 17, 2021. The June 2026 Notes are our direct, general unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of our future indebtedness or other obligations that are expressly subordinated, or junior, in right of payment to the June 2026 Notes. The June 2026 Notes rank pari passu, or equal, in right of payment with all of our existing and future indebtedness or other obligations that are not so subordinated, or junior to the June 2026 Notes. The June 2026 Notes rank effectively subordinated, or junior, to any of our future secured indebtedness or other obligations (including unsecured indebtedness that we later secure) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The June 2026 Notes rank structurally subordinated, or junior, to all existing and future indebtedness and other obligations (including trade payables) incurred by our subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

The June 2026 Indenture contains certain covenants, including covenants requiring us to (i) comply with the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act whether or not it is subject to those requirements, and (ii) provide financial information to the holders of the June 2026 Notes and the Trustee if we are no longer subject to the reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the Indenture.

In addition, if a change of control repurchase event, as defined in the June 2026 Indenture, occurs prior to maturity, holders of the June 2026 Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase for cash some or all of the June 2026 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the June 2026 Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

January 2027 Notes

On June 14, 2021, we issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of 2.50% notes due 2027 (the “January 2027 Notes”). The January 2027 Notes were issued pursuant to the Base Indenture and a Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 17, 2020 (the “Fourth Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “January 2027 Indenture”), between us and the Trustee. The January 2027 Notes will mature on January 15, 2027 and may be redeemed in whole or in part at our option at any time or from time to time at the redemption prices set forth in the January 2027 Indenture. The January 2027 Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.50% per year, payable semi-annually on January 15 and July 15 of each year, commencing on January 15, 2022. The January 2027 Notes are our direct, general unsecured obligations and rank senior in right of payment to all of our future indebtedness or other obligations that are expressly subordinated, or junior, in right of payment to the January 2027 Notes. The January 2027 Notes rank pari passu, or equal, in right of payment with all of our existing and future indebtedness or other obligations that are not so subordinated, or junior to the January 2027 Notes. The January 2027 Notes rank effectively subordinated, or junior, to any of our future secured indebtedness or other obligations (including unsecured indebtedness that we later secure) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The January 2027 Notes rank structurally subordinated, or junior, to all existing and future indebtedness and other obligations (including trade payables) incurred by our subsidiaries, financing vehicles or similar facilities.

The January 2027 Indenture contains certain covenants, including covenants requiring us to (i) comply with the asset coverage requirements of the 1940, whether or not it is subject to those requirements, and (ii) provide financial information to the holders of the January 2027 Notes and the Trustee if we are no longer subject to the reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These covenants are subject to important limitations and exceptions that are described in the Indenture.

In addition, if a change of control repurchase event, as defined in the January 2027 Indenture, occurs prior to maturity, holders of the January 2027 Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to repurchase for cash some or all of the January 2027 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the January 2027 Notes being repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

CLO

CLO 2020-1

On December 16, 2020 (the “CLO 2020-1 Closing Date”), we completed a $333.5 million term debt securitization transaction (the “CLO 2020-1 Transaction”), also known as a collateralized loan obligation transaction, which is a form of secured financing incurred by us. The secured notes and preferred shares issued in the CLO 2020-1 Transaction were issued by our consolidated subsidiaries Owl Rock Technology Financing 2020-1, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability (the “CLO 2020-1 Issuer”), and Owl Rock Technology Financing 2020-1 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “CLO 2020-1 Co-Issuer” and together with the CLO 2020-1 Issuer, the “CLO 2020-1 Issuers”) and were backed by a portfolio of collateral obligations consisting of middle market loans, recurring revenue loans and participation interests in middle market loans, recurring revenue loans as well as by other assets of the CLO 2020-1 Issuer.

CLO 2020-1 Transaction was executed by the issuance of the following classes of notes and preferred shares pursuant to an indenture and security agreement dated as of the Closing Date (the “CLO 2020-1 Indenture”), by and among the CLO 2020-1 Issuers and State Street Bank and Trust Company: $200 million of A (sf) Class A Notes, which, as of July 18, 2023, bore interest at term SOFR (plus a spread adjustment) plus 2.95% (the “CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes”). The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were secured by the middle market loans, recurring revenue loans, participation interests in middle market loans and recurring revenue loans and other assets of the Issuer. The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were scheduled to mature on January 15, 2031. The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were offered by MUFG Securities Americas Inc., as initial purchaser, from time to time in individually negotiated transactions.

The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were redeemed in the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing, described below.

Concurrently with the issuance of the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes, the CLO 2020-1 Issuer issued approximately $133.5 million of subordinated securities in the form of 133,500 preferred shares at an issue price of U.S.$1,000 per share (the “CLO 2020-1 Preferred Shares”). The CLO 2020-1 Preferred Shares were issued by the CLO 2020-1 Issuer as part of its issued share capital and are not secured by the collateral securing the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes. We purchased all of the CLO 2020-1 Preferred Shares. We acted as a retention holder in connection with the CLO 2020-1 Transaction for the purposes of satisfying certain U.S. and European Union regulations requiring sponsors of securitization transactions to retain exposure to the performance of the securitized assets and as such were required to retain a portion of the CLO 2020-1 Preferred Shares.

As part of the CLO 2020-1 Transaction, we entered into a loan sale agreement with the CLO 2020-1 Issuer dated as of the Closing Date, which provided for the sale and contribution of approximately $243.4 million par amount of middle market loans and recurring revenue loans from us to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer on the Closing Date and for future sales from us to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer on an ongoing basis. No gain or loss was recognized as a result of these sales and contributions. Such loans constituted part of the initial portfolio of assets securing the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes. We made customary representations, warranties, and covenants to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer under the loan sale agreement.

Through January 15, 2022, the net proceeds of the issuing of the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes not used to purchase the initial portfolio of loans securing the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes and a portion of the proceeds received by the CLO 2020-1 Issuer from the loans securing the CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were able to be used by the CLO 2020-1 Issuer to purchase additional middle market loans and recurring revenue loans under the direction of the Adviser, in its capacity as collateral manager for the CLO 2020-1 Issuer and in accordance with our investing strategy and ability to originate eligible middle market loans and recurring revenue loans.

The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were the secured obligation of the CLO 2020-1 Issuers, and the CLO 2020-1 Indenture included customary covenants and events of default. The CLO 2020-1 Secured Notes were not registered under the Securities Act, or any state securities (e.g., “blue sky”) laws, and were not able to be offered or sold in the United States absent registration with the SEC or pursuant to an applicable exemption from such registration.

The Adviser served as collateral manager for the CLO 2020-1 Issuer under a collateral management agreement dated as of the Closing Date. The Adviser was entitled to receive fees for providing these services. The Adviser waived its right to receive such fees but may rescind such waiver at any time; provided, however, that if the Adviser rescinds such waiver, the management fee payable to the Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, dated August 10, 2018, between the Adviser and us will be offset by the amount of the collateral management fee attributable to the CLO 2020-1 Issuers’ equity or notes owned by us.

CLO 2020-1 Refinancing

On August 23, 2023 (the “CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date”), we completed a $337,500,000 term debt securitization refinancing (the “CLO 2020-1 Refinancing”), also known as a collateralized loan obligation refinancing, which is a form of secured financing incurred by us. The secured notes issued in the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing were issued by the our consolidated subsidiary Owl Rock Technology Financing 2020-1 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer”) and are backed by a portfolio of collateral obligations consisting of middle market loans and participation interests in middle market loans as well as by other assets of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer.

The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing was executed by the issuance of the following classes of notes pursuant to an indenture and security agreement dated as of the CLO 2020-1 Closing Date by and among the CLO 2020-1 Issuer, the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer, as co-issuer and State Street Bank and Trust Company as trustee, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture dated as of July 18, 2023 by and among the CLO 2020-1 Issuer, as issuer, the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer, as co-issuer and the Trustee and the Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date (the “CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Indenture”), by and among the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer and the Trustee: (i) $112,500,000 of AAA(sf) Class A-1R Notes, which bear interest at the Benchmark plus 3.05%, (ii) $23,500,000 of AAA(sf) Class A-2R Notes, which bear interest at 6.937%, (iii) $53,000,000 of A(sf) Class B-1R Notes, which bear interest at the Benchmark plus 4.64% and (iv) $15,000,000 of A(sf) Class B-2R Notes, which bear interest at 8.497%, (together, the “CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes”). The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes are secured by the middle market loans and other assets of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer. The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes are scheduled to mature on October 15, 2035. The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes were privately placed by MUFG Securities Americas Inc. and Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. The proceeds from the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing were used to redeem in full the classes of notes issued on the CLO 2020-1 Closing Date and to pay expenses incurred in connection with the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing. On the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date, the CLO 2020-1 Issuer was merged with and into the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer, with the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer surviving the merger. The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer assumed by all operation of law all of the rights and obligations of the CLO 2020-1 Issuer, including the subordinated securities issued by the CLO 2020-1 Issuer on the CLO 2020-1 Closing Date.

On the CLO 2020-1 Closing Date, the CLO 2020-1 Issuer entered into a loan sale agreement with us, which provided for the sale and contribution of approximately $243.43 million par amount of middle market loans from us to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer on the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date and for future sales from us to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer on an ongoing basis. As part of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing, the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer, as the successor to the CLO 2020-1 Issuer, entered into an amended and restated loan sale agreement with us dated as of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing

Date, pursuant to which the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer assumed all ongoing obligations of the CLO 2020-1 Issuer under the original agreement and we sold and contributed approximately $83.93 million par amount middle market loans to the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer on the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date and provides for future sales from us to the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer on an ongoing basis. Such loans constituted part of the portfolio of assets securing the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes. We made customary representations, warranties, and covenants to the Issuer under the loan sale agreement.

Through October 15, 2027, a portion of the proceeds received by the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer from the loans securing the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes may be used by the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer to purchase additional middle market loans under the direction of the Adviser, in its capacity as collateral manager for the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer and in accordance with our investing strategy and ability to originate eligible middle market loans.

The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes are the secured obligation of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer, and the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Indenture includes customary covenants and events of default. The CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Secured Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act, or any state securities (e.g., “blue sky”) laws, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission or pursuant to an applicable exemption from such registration.

The Adviser serves as collateral manager for the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Issuer under an amended and restated collateral management agreement dated as of the CLO 2020-1 Refinancing Date. The Adviser is entitled to receive fees for providing these services. The Adviser has waived its right to receive such fees but may rescind such waiver at any time.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Portfolio Company Commitments

From time to time, we may enter into commitments to fund investments. The table below presents our outstanding commitments to fund investments in current portfolio companies as of the following periods:

We seek to carefully consider our unfunded portfolio company commitments for the purpose of planning our ongoing financial leverage. Further, we consider any outstanding unfunded portfolio company commitments we are required to fund within the 150% asset coverage limitation. As of December 31, 2023, we believed we had adequate financial resources to satisfy the unfunded portfolio company commitments.

Other Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, we may become a party to certain legal proceedings incidental to the normal course of our business. At December 31, 2023, management was not aware of any pending or threatened litigation.

Contractual Obligations

The table below presents a summary of our contractual payment obligations under our credit facilities and notes as of December 31, 2023:

Related-Party Transactions

We have entered into a number of business relationships with affiliated or related parties, including the following:

•the Investment Advisory Agreement;

•the Administration Agreement; and

•the License Agreement.

In addition to the aforementioned agreements, we rely on an order for exemptive relief that has been granted to OCA and certain of its affiliates to permit us to co-invest with other funds managed by the Adviser or its affiliates, in a manner consistent with our investment objective, positions, policies, strategies and restrictions as well as regulatory requirements and other pertinent factors. See “ITEM 1. – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions” for further details.

We invest in Fifth Season and LSI Financing, non-controlled affiliated investments, as defined in the 1940 Act. See"ITEM 1. - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 3. Agreements and Related Party Transactions" for further details.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Changes in the economic environment, financial markets, and any other parameters used in determining such estimates could cause actual results to differ. Our critical accounting policies should be read in connection with our risk factors as described in “ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.”

Investments at Fair Value

Investment transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds received and the amortized cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method without regard to unrealized gains or losses previously recognized, and include investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries. The net change in unrealized gains or losses primarily reflects the change in investment values, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized gains or losses with respect to investments realized during the period.

Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act establishes requirements for determining fair value in good faith for purposes of the 1940 Act. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5, the Board designated the Adviser as our valuation designee to perform fair value determinations relating to the value of assets we held for which market quotations are not readily available.

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at the average bid price of those market quotations. To validate market quotations, we utilize a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and number of the quotations. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available, as is the case for substantially all of our investments, are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by our Adviser, as the valuation designee, based on, among other things, the input of our Adviser, our audit committee and independent third-party valuation firm(s) engaged at the direction of the Adviser.

As part of the valuation process, our Adviser takes into account relevant factors in determining the fair value of our Company’s investments, including: the estimated enterprise value of a portfolio company (i.e., the total fair value of the portfolio company’s debt and equity), the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments based on its earnings and cash flow, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, a comparison of the portfolio company’s securities to any similar publicly traded securities, and overall changes in the interest rate environment and the credit markets that may affect the price at which similar investments may be made in the future. When an external event such as a purchase or sale transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Adviser considers whether the pricing indicated by the external event corroborates its valuation.

Our Adviser, as the valuation designee, undertakes a multi-step valuation process, which includes, among other procedures, the following:

•With respect to investments for which market quotations are readily available, those investments will typically be valued at the average bid price of those market quotations;

•With respect to investment for which market quotations are not readily available, the valuation process begins with the independent valuation firm(s) providing a preliminary valuation of each investment to the Adviser’s valuation committee;

•Preliminary valuation conclusions are documented and discussed with the Adviser’s valuation committee. Agreed upon valuation recommendations are presented to the Audit Committee;

•Our Audit Committee reviews the valuations recommendations and recommends values for each investment to our Board;

•Our Board reviews the recommended valuations and determines the fair value of each investment;

•Each quarter, our Adviser, as the valuation designee, provides the Audit Committee a summary or description of material fair value matters that occurred in the prior quarter and on an annual basis, our Adviser, as the valuation designee, will provide the Audit Committee with a written assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of its fair value process; and

•The Audit Committee oversees the valuation designee and will report to the Board on any valuation matters requiring the Board’s attention.

We conduct this valuation process on a quarterly basis.

We apply Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”), as amended, which establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with U.S. GAAP and required disclosures of fair value measurements. ASC 820 determines fair value to be the price that would be received for an investment in a current sale, which assumes an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal or most advantageous market (which may be a hypothetical market) that are independent, knowledgeable, and willing and able to transact. In accordance with ASC 820, we consider its principal market to be the market that has the greatest volume and level of activity. ASC 820 specifies a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in determination of fair value. In accordance with ASC 820, these levels are summarized below:

•Level 1 – Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access.

•Level 2 – Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

•Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.

Transfers between levels, if any, are recognized at the beginning of the period in which the transfer occurs. In addition to using the above inputs in investment valuations, we apply the valuation policy approved by our Board that is consistent with ASC 820. Consistent with the valuation policy, our Adviser, as the valuation designee, evaluates the source of the inputs, including any markets in which our investments are trading (or any markets in which securities with similar attributes are trading), in determining fair value. When an investment is valued based on prices provided by reputable dealers or pricing services (such as broker quotes), our Adviser, as the valuation designee, subjects those prices to various criteria in making the determination as to whether a particular investment would qualify for treatment as a Level 2 or Level 3 investment. For example, our Adviser, as the valuation designee, or the independent valuation firm(s), review pricing support provided by dealers or pricing services in order to determine if observable market information is being used, versus unobservable inputs.

Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may fluctuate from period to period. Additionally, the fair value of such investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market existed for such investments and may differ materially from the values that may ultimately be realized. Further, such investments are generally less liquid than publicly traded securities and may be subject to contractual and other restrictions on resale. If we were required to liquidate a portfolio investment in a forced or liquidation sale, it could realize amounts that are different from the amounts presented and such differences could be material.

In addition, changes in the market environment and other events that may occur over the life of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be different than the unrealized gains or losses reflected herein.

Financial and Derivative Instruments

Rule 18f-4 requires BDCs that use derivatives to, among other things, comply with a value-at-risk leverage limit, adopt a derivatives risk management program, and implement certain testing and board reporting procedures. Rule 18f-4 exempts BDCs that qualify as "limited derivatives users" from the aforementioned requirements, provided that these BDCs adopt written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to manage the BDC’s derivatives risks and comply with certain recordkeeping requirements. Rule 18f-4 provides that a BDC may enter into an unfunded commitment agreement that is not a derivatives transaction, such as an agreement to provide financing to a portfolio company, if the BDC has, among other things, a reasonable belief, at the time it enters into such an agreement, that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as it becomes due. Pursuant to Rule 18f-4, when we trade reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions, including certain tender option bonds, we need to aggregate the amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness (e.g., bank borrowings, if applicable) when calculating our asset coverage ratio. We currently qualify as a"limited derivatives user" and expect to continue to do so. We have adopted a derivatives policy that complies with the recordkeeping requirements of Rule 18f-4.

Interest and Dividend Income Recognition

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis and includes amortization and accretion of discounts or premiums. Certain investments may have contractual payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest or dividends. PIK interest and dividends represent accrued interest or dividends that are added to the principal amount or liquidation amount of the investment on the respective interest or dividend payment dates rather than being paid in cash and generally becomes due at maturity or at the occurrence of a liquidation event. Discounts and premiums to par value on securities purchased are amortized into interest income over the contractual life of the respective security using the effective yield method. The amortized cost of investments represents the original cost adjusted for the amortization and accretion of discounts or premiums, if any. Upon prepayment of a loan or debt security, any prepayment premiums, unamortized upfront loan origination fees and unamortized discounts are recorded as interest income in the current period.

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued interest is generally reversed when a loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding collectability. If at any point we believe PIK interest is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK interest will be placed on non-accrual status. When a PIK investment is placed on non-accrual status, the accrued, uncapitalized interest or dividends are generally reversed through interest income. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest is paid current and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. Management may make exceptions to this treatment and determine to not place a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection.

Dividend income on preferred equity securities is recorded on the accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable by the portfolio company and are expected to be collected. Dividend income on common equity securities is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies or on the ex-dividend date for publicly-traded portfolio companies.

We have elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and qualify annually thereafter, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. To obtain and maintain our tax treatment as a RIC, we must distribute (or be deemed to distribute) in each taxable year distribution for tax purposes equal to at least the sum of:

•90% of our investment company taxable income (which is generally our ordinary income plus the excess of realized short-term capital gains over realized net long-term capital losses), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid, for such taxable year; and

•90% of our net tax-exempt interest income (which is the excess of our gross tax-exempt interest income over certain disallowed deductions) for such taxable year.

As a RIC, we (but not our shareholders) generally will not be subject to U.S. federal tax on investment company taxable income and net capital gains that we distribute to our shareholders.

We intend to distribute annually all or substantially all of such income. To the extent that we retain our net capital gains or any investment company taxable income, we generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at corporate rates. We can be expected to carry forward our net capital gains or any investment company taxable income in excess of current year dividend distributions, and pay the U.S. federal excise tax as described below.

Amounts not distributed on a timely basis in accordance with a calendar year distribution requirement are subject to a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax payable by us. We may be subject to a nondeductible 4% U.S. federal excise tax if we do not distribute (or are treated as distributing) during each calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of:

•98% of our net ordinary income excluding certain ordinary gains or losses for that calendar year;

•98.2% of our capital gain net income, adjusted for certain ordinary gains and losses, recognized for the twelve-month period ending on October 31 of that calendar year; and

While we intend to distribute any income and capital gains in the manner necessary to minimize imposition of the 4% U.S. federal excise tax, sufficient amounts of our taxable income and capital gains may not be distributed and as a result, in such cases, the excise tax will be imposed. In such an event, we will be liable for this tax only on the amount by which we do not meet the foregoing distribution requirement.

We intend to pay quarterly distributions to our shareholders out of assets legally available for distribution. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of our Board and will depend on our earnings, financial condition, maintenance of our tax treatment as a RIC, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as our Board may deem relevant from time to time.

To the extent our current taxable earnings for a year fall below the total amount of our distributions for that year, a portion of those distributions may be deemed a return of capital to our shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, the source of a distribution to our shareholders may be the original capital invested by the shareholder rather than our income or gains. Shareholders should read written disclosure carefully and should not assume that the source of any distribution is our ordinary income or gains.

We have adopted an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan for our common shareholders. As a result, if we declare a cash dividend or other distribution, each shareholder that has not “opted out” of our dividend reinvestment plan will have their dividends or distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock rather than receiving cash distributions. Shareholders who receive distributions in the form of shares of common stock will be subject to the same U.S. federal, state and local tax consequences as if they received cash distributions.

Income Taxes

We have elected to be treated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. We also have elected to be treated as a RIC under the Code beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2018 and intend to continue to qualify as a RIC. So long as we maintain our tax treatment as a RIC, we generally will not pay U.S. federal income taxes at corporate rates on any ordinary income or capital gains that we distribute at least annually to our shareholders as dividends. Instead, any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by us represents obligations of our investors and will not be reflected in our consolidated financial statements.

To qualify as a RIC, we must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, we generally must distribute to our shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of our “investment company taxable income” for that year, which is generally our ordinary income plus the excess of our realized net short-term capital gains over our realized net long-term capital losses. In addition, a RIC may, in certain cases, satisfy this distribution requirement by distributing dividends relating to a taxable year after the close of such taxable year under the "spillover dividend provisions of Subchapter M. In order for us not to be subject to U.S. federal excise taxes, we must distribute annually an amount at least equal to the sum of (i) 98% of our net ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year, (ii) 98.2% of our capital gains in excess of capital losses for the one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (iii) any net ordinary income and capital gains in excess of capital losses for preceding years that were not distributed during such years. We, at our discretion, may carry forward taxable income in excess of calendar year dividends and pay a 4% nondeductible U.S. federal excise tax on this income.

We evaluate tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing our consolidated financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reserved and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof. There were no material uncertain tax positions through December 31, 2023. As applicable, our prior three tax years remain subject to examination by U.S. federal, state and local tax authorities.

Recent Developments

On February 21, 2024, the Board declared a distribution of 90% of estimated first quarter investment company taxable income, if any, and, to the extent that such investment company taxable income is less than 6% of the Company’s weighted average capital called since inception, an additional amount of net capital gains for shareholders of record on March 29, 2024, payable on or before May 15, 2024.