Unusual Machines, Inc.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 12, 2026.
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FY2025 · Filed Mar 12, 2026
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Consolidated Notes to Financial Statements
For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
Note 1 –Organization and nature of business
Unusual Machines, Inc. (“the Company”) is a Nevada corporation engaged in the commercial drone industry. The Company reincorporated from Puerto Rico to Nevada on April 22, 2024.
On February 16, 2024, the Company closed its Initial Public Offering (the “IPO”) of 1,250,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $4.00 per share (“IPO Price”). The shares are traded on NYSE American. Simultaneous with the closing of the IPO, the Company acquired Fat Shark Holdings Ltd. (“Fat Shark”) and Rotor Riot, LLC (“Rotor Riot”) from Red Cat Holdings, Inc. (“Red Cat”) (See Note 3).
On September 3, 2025, the Company acquired Rotor Lab Pty. Ltd., an Australian company (“Rotor Lab). See Note 3 for additional information.
Note 2 –Summary of significant accounting policies
Basis of Accounting
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries including UMAC IP Holdings Corp., Fat Shark and Rotor Riot since acquired on February 16, 2024 and Rotor Lab since acquired on September 3, 2025. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates, and such results could be material.
The financial statements include some amounts that are based on management's best estimates and judgments. Significant estimates reflected in these consolidated financial statements include those used to (i) determine stock-based compensation, (ii) the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, the fair value of shares issued as consideration and the fair value of contingent consideration in business combinations, (iii) reserves and allowances related to accounts receivable, and inventory, (iv) the evaluation of long-lived assets, including intangibles and goodwill, for impairment, (v) the fair value of lease liabilities and related right of use assets, (vi) the fair value of short-term investments including the value of unexercised warrants received, (vi) the warranty liability and sales returns reserves, (vii) the fair value of embedded conversion option and warrant derivative liabilities and (viii) the deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash deposits at a financial institution that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. The Company’s cash balance may at times exceed these limits. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had approximately $102.6 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in excess of federally insured limits. The Company continually monitors its positions with, and the credit quality of the financial institutions with which it invests.
Accounts Receivable, net
The Company carries its accounts receivable at invoiced amounts. The Company follows ASC 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses and has early adopted in fiscal year 2025, ASU 2025-05, under which the Company evaluates all credit losses as of the reporting date. On a periodic basis, the Company evaluates its accounts receivable and establishes an allowance for credit losses based on a history of past write-offs and collections and current credit conditions. Accounts are written-off as uncollectible at the discretion of management. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company considers accounts receivable to be fully collectible; accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been established. The Company had total credit losses of $18,122 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Short-Term Equity Investments
The Company measures its investments in marketable equity securities, preferred stock, and non-public warrants at fair value with changes in value recognized in net income (loss) per ASC 321. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company made multiple short-term investments totaling $38.6 million. For the year ended December 31, 2025 the realized gain from short-term investments was approximately $1.6 million and unrealized gain from short-term investments was approximately $2.5 million. The Company holds less than a 5% equity interest in each of the companies it invested in as of December 31, 2025.
Inventory
Inventories, which consist of finished goods and raw materials, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, and are measured using the first-in, first-out method. Cost components include direct materials, direct labor, an allocation of rent expense and depreciation for manufactured products, as well as in-bound freight. At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates the net realizable value of its inventory using various reference measures including current product selling prices, as well as evaluating for excess quantities and obsolescence.
Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives which includes computer equipment ofthree to five years, motor production equipment of ten to fifteen years and tenant improvements of five to fifteen years.
Leases
The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842, “Leases” which requires the recognition of assets and liabilities associated with lease agreements. The Company recognized a lease liability obligation and a right-of-use asset for the facilities leases in Orlando, FL and for the Canberra Australia related to the Rotor Lab acquisition as discussed in Note 3.
The Company determines if a contract is a lease or contains a lease at inception. Operating lease liabilities are measured, on each reporting date, based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the remaining lease term. The Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate. Therefore, the Company used an effective discount rate of 11.49% based on its last debt financings. Operating lease assets are measured by adjusting the lease liability for lease incentives, initial direct costs incurred and asset impairments. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term with the operating lease asset reduced by the amount of the expense. The Company has elected to account for lease and non-lease components together as a single lease component for all underlying assets. Lease terms do not include an option to renew.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations under ASC 805 using the acquisition method of accounting where the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized based on their respective estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Determining the fair value of certain acquired assets and liabilities and certain purchase price components is subjective in nature and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions used in valuations and estimates determined by management. Business acquisitions are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of the date of the acquisition.
Goodwill and Long-lived Assets
Goodwill represents the future economic benefit arising from other assets acquired in an acquisition that are not individually identified and separately recognized. The Company tests goodwill for impairment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other, (“ASC 350”). Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. ASC 350 provides that an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then additional impairment testing is not required. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform an impairment test. The impairment test involves comparing the estimated fair value of a reporting unit with its book value, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the amount that the book value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The Company recorded an impairment loss on goodwill of $10,073,326 in 2024 based on the Company’s future net cash flows from the acquisitions. No impairment loss on goodwill was recognized in 2025.
The estimate of fair value of a reporting unit is computed using either an income approach, a market approach, or a combination of both. Under the income approach, we utilize the discounted cash flow method to estimate the fair value of a reporting unit. Significant assumptions inherent in estimating the fair values include the estimated future cash flows, growth assumptions for future revenues (including gross margin, operating expenses, and capital expenditures), and a rate used to discount estimated future cash flow projections to their present value based on estimated weighted average cost of capital (i.e., the selected discount rate). Management’s assumptions are based on historical data, supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions, estimated growth rates, and management’s plans. Under the market approach, fair value is derived from metrics of publicly traded companies or historically completed transactions of comparable businesses. The selection of comparable businesses is based on the markets in which the reporting units operate and consider risk profiles, size, geography, and diversity of products and services.
The Company reviews long-lived assets, including tangible assets and other intangible assets with definitive lives, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company conducts its long-lived asset impairment analyses in accordance with ASC 360-10-35, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”. ASC 360 requires the Company to group assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities and evaluate the asset group against the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows. Amortizable intangible assets are assessed for impairment upon triggering events that indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recovered. Recoverability is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the associated asset. If such assets are determined to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the intangible assets. No impairment charges were recorded by the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company has certain indefinite-lived trademark assets that are reviewed for impairment by first performing a qualitative analysis in accordance with ASC 350-30 to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived asset is less than its carrying value. If based on this assessment, management determines that impairment is not more than likely, then no further quantitative testing is required. However, if performing a qualitative analysis determines that is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying value, then a quantitative analysis is performed in accordance with ASC 350-30-35, which occurs annually in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount to future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the associated asset. If such assets are determined to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair market value of the assets. The Company performed only a qualitative analysis for 2025. The Company performed a qualitative and quantitative analysis for 2024. The Company utilized the relief-from-royalty method, which is a form of the income approach and requires us to make significant estimates and assumptions including preparation of forecasted revenue, selection of a royalty rate and discount rate and estimate of the terminal year revenue growth rate for the quantitative analysis for 2024. The Company did not record an impairment as of December 31, 2025 and 2024,related to the indefinite-lived assets.
Fair Value Measurements, Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Short-Term Investments
The fair value measurements and disclosure guidance defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In accordance with this guidance, the Company has categorized its recurring basis financial assets and liabilities into a three-level fair value hierarchy based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The guidance establishes three levels of the fair value hierarchy as follows:
Level 1: Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date;
Level 2: Inputs are observable, unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the related assets or liabilities; and
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities that are supported by little or no market data.
The following table details the fair value measurements of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:
| Schedule of financial assets and liabilities | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
| Short term investments – assets: | ||||
| Common stock | $17,302,428 | 17,302,428 | – | – |
| Preferred stock | 20,777,480 | – | 20,777,480 | – |
| Warrants | 1,135,000 | – | – | 1,135,000 |
| Total short-term investments – assets | $39,214,908 | $17,302,428 | $20,777,480 | $1,135,000 |
| Contingent consideration from Rotor Lab acquisition | 2,847,000 | – | – | 2,847,000 |
| Total | $42,061,908 | $17,302,428 | $20,777,480 | $3,982,000 |
| 2024 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warrant liabilities | $– | $– | $– | $– |
| Derivative liability – convertible note conversion option | – | – | – | – |
| Total | $– | $– | $– | $– |
The Company calculated the fair value for common stock for short-term investments based on the quoted trading price as of the close of the market multiplied by the total shares held by the Company as of December 31, 2025. The fair value for preferred stock for short-term investments is based on the conversion calculation of preferred shares into common shares outlined in the certificate of designation into a common stock equivalent multiplied by the quoted trading price of the common stock as of the close of market on December 31, 2025. The fair value of the non-public warrants investment in 2025 was determined using a Black-Scholes pricing model which values the warrants based on the stock price at the valuation date, the expected life of the warrant, the estimated volatility of the stock of the investee, and the risk-free interest rate over the expected life of the warrant. The Company used the following inputs related to the warrant fair value as of the investment acquisition date and December 31, 2025:
| Schedule of assumptions used | |
|---|---|
| Supplemental Information | Non-public Warrants |
| Expected life of the warrants (years) | 0.25 - 1.375 |
| Stock price | $3.78 - 4.16 |
| Warrant strike price | $6.00 |
| Risk free interest rate | 3.475 – 4.30% |
| Volatility | 124.16 - 146.22% |
The contingent consideration from the Rotor Lab acquisition is based on managements estimate of $2,847,000, which is based on the fair value of contingent consideration is determined using the Monte-Carlo variable scenario model which values the liability at the measurement date using certain assumptions including the expected revenue over the calculation period, a discount rate applied to revenue projections, the risk-free interest rate over the earnout period and certain estimates and probabilities of different outcomes. See Note 3 for additional information.
Changes in Level 3 financial instruments are as follows:
| Schedule of level 3 financial instruments | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, | Purchases, Issuances and | Change in | December 31, | |
| 2024 | Settlements | Fair Value | 2025 | |
| Non-public warrants investment | $– | $195,000 | $940,000 | $1,135,000 |
| Contingent consideration from Rotor Lab acquisition | – | 2,847,000 | – | 2,847,000 |
| Total | $– | $3,042,000 | $940,000 | $3,982,000 |
| December 31, | Purchases, Issuances and | Change in | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Settlements | Fair Value | 2024 | |
| Warrant liabilities | $– | $9,771 | $(9,771) | $– |
| Derivative liability – Convertible note | – | (16,155,976) | 16,155,976 | – |
| Total | $– | $(16,146,205) | $16,146,205 | $– |
The Company's financial instruments mainly consist of cash, receivables, short-term investments, other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The carrying amounts of cash, receivables, other current assets, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Our short-term investments consisted of the following as of December 31, 2025:
| Schedule of cash and short-term investments | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains (Losses) | Fair Value | |
| Short-term investments | $36,745,000 | $2,469,908 | $39,214,908 |
| Total | $36,745,000 | $2,469,908 | $39,214,908 |
Accrued Warranty
Fat Shark generally provides a one-year warranty on all of its products, except in certain European countries where it can be two years for some consumer-focused products from the date of shipment. If a defect arises during the warranty period, Fat Shark will either (i) repair the affected product at no charge using new parts or parts that are equivalent to new in performance and reliability; (ii) exchange the affected product with a functionally equivalent product; or (iii) refund the original purchase price for the affected product. Allowances for estimated warranty costs are recorded during the period of sale. The determination of such allowances requires the Company to make estimates of product warranty claim rates and expected costs to repair or to replace the products under warranty. The Company currently establishes warranty reserves based on historical warranty costs for each product line combined with liability estimates based on the prior 24 months’ sales activities. If actual return rates and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from the Company’s estimates, adjustments to recognize the additional cost of sales may be required in future periods. Historically the warranty accrual and the expense amounts have been immaterial. The warranty liability is included in accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and amounted to $19,602 and $28,944 as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Rotor Riot does not provide any warranty of any kind for any of the equipment it sells or otherwise distributes. Consumers assume all risk for any products purchased or received from Rotor Riot.
Rotor Lab does not provide any warranty, but does provide for a seven day defect period. Rotor Lab has not had any material defects for products sold.
Effective September 2025, Unusual Machines, the parent company which manufactures motors, has a limited warranty in which it warrants to customers that their products will be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for up to 90 days. The limited warranty covers manufacturing defects and premature failures and extends only to the original customer and is non-transferrable. The Company did not have any warranty claims as of December 31, 2025.
Revenue Recognition
The Company will recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). This standard includes a comprehensive evaluation of factors to be considered regarding revenue recognition including:
Step 1: Identify the contract with a customer;
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract;
Step 3: Determine the transaction price;
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation at a point in time.
The Company receives revenues from the sale of drone and drone parts to enterprise customers and distributors (“Enterprise Revenue”) and individual consumers (“Retail Revenue”). Sales revenue is recognized at a point in time when the products are shipped and the price is fixed or determinable, no other significant obligations of the Company exist and collectability is probable. Revenue is recognized when the title to the products has been passed to the customer, which is the date the products are shipped to the customer. This is the date the performance obligation has been met. The Company’s retail return policy allows for certain non-custom or built-to-order products to be returned up to 15 days after the original order is placed so long as it meets specific requirements as outlined in its return policy. The Company’s enterprise return policy allows for returns related to defective product so long as it meets the requirements in its policy. The historical sales returns for retail customers is de minimis and the Company does not have a specific sales return allowance for retail orders. The Company does not have any historical returns for enterprise orders and as such has not recorded a sales returns allowance.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by revenue type for the years ended:
| Schedule of disaggregated by revenue | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |
| Retail Revenue | $4,485,656 | $4,003,206 |
| Enterprise Revenue | 6,713,560 | 1,562,113 |
| Total revenue | $11,199,217 | $5,565,319 |
The Company had sales outside the United States of approximately $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenue relates to orders placed and payment received, but not yet fulfilled. All deferred revenue is expected to be recognized within one year. Deferred revenue related to orders placed, but not yet fulfilled totaled $638,125 and $197,117 as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company did not have any deferred revenue as of December 31, 2023. The Company has recognized $197,117 of deferred revenue during 2025 that was outstanding as of December 31, 2024 during the year ended December 31, 2025. The increase in deferred revenue relates to current year orders that have not yet been fulfilled, most of which were received during the third and fourth quarter of 2025 and expected to be delivered in the first and second quarter of 2026.
Significant Concentrations
The Company’s revenue included significant concentration from a limited number of customers. For the year ended December 31, 2025, Customer A and Customer B accounted for approximately 16.7% and 15.9% of the Company’s total revenues, respectively. Customer A didnot have any outstanding accounts receivable as of December 31, 2025, and Customer B had approximately 62.6% of the total accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2025. All of Customer B’s accounts receivable has been collected in 2026.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold includes inventory costs which includes an allocation for labor and rent for our manufactured products, direct packaging costs and production related depreciation, if any. Depreciation included in cost of goods sold for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $18,916 and $0, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs incurred for products shipped to customers are included in general and administrative expenses and amounted to $377,827 and $226,621 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are included in sales.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, and other headcount-related expenses associated with product development. Research and development expenses also include third-party development costs, materials, and a proportionate share of overhead costs.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using an asset and liability approach, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realizable in the future.
The Company recognizes benefits of uncertain tax positions if it is more likely than not that such positions will be sustained upon examination based solely on their technical merits, as the largest amount of benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon the ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a part of income tax expense.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock options are valued using the estimated grant-date fair value method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. Fair value is determined based on the Black-Scholes Model using inputs reflecting our estimates of expected volatility based on comparative companies, expected term using the simplified method and future dividends. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur. The fair value of stock grants is based on our stock price on the date of grant. Compensation costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period which is the vesting term.
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants to purchase shares of its common stock in accordance with the guidance in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The Company classifies warrants issued for the purchase of shares of its common stock as either equity or liability instruments based on an assessment of the specific terms and conditions of each respective contract. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments or embedded in a host instrument, whether the warrants meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, whether the warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants classified as liabilities are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
*Embedded Conversion Option Derivative *
The Company accounts for embedded debt conversion features in accordance with the guidance in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). If the embedded debt conversion feature is not clearly and closely related to the debt host, then it is required to be bifurcated from the host contract and accounted for separately as a derivative liability. The derivative liability is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date, thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of Note issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the Note is outstanding.
Foreign Currency
The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary’s functional currency is the Australia dollar (AUD). For financial reporting purposes, the Australia dollar has been translated into the Company’s reporting currency, which is the United States dollar (USD). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Equity transactions are translated at each historical transaction date spot rate. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit) as “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).” Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency translations are included in the statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). There have no significant fluctuations in the exchange rate for the conversion of Australian dollars to USD after the balance sheet date. Transaction gains and losses from transactions denominated in a foreign currency are recognized in other income (expense) in the statement of operations.
Changes in the cumulative translation adjustments were as follows:
| Schedule of cumulative translation adjustments | |
|---|---|
| Balance as of December 31, 2024 | $– |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment related to Rotor Lab | 3,470 |
| Balance as of December 31, 2025 | $3,470 |
Net Loss per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated based on the weighted-average of common shares outstanding in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260,Earnings per Share. Diluted net loss per share is calculated based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares. When the Company reports a net loss, the calculation of diluted net loss per share excludes potential common shares as the effect would be anti-dilutive.
Segment Reporting
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Unusual Machines, which sells drones and drone-related components, operates as asingle reportable segment entity. Our chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The Chief Executive Officer is regularly provided with consolidated revenue and expenses consistent with those presented in the consolidated statements of operations and is provided with consolidated assets and liabilities consistent with those presented in the consolidated balance sheets.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, “Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” which requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses into specified categories in disclosures within the footnotes to the financial statements. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU No. 2025-4, “Compensation – Stock Compensation and Revenue From Contracts With Customers” which provides clarifications to share-based consideration payable to a customer. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.
Note 3 –Acquisitions
Fat Shark and Rotor Riot
On February 16, 2024, the Company closed on the acquisitions of both Fat Shark and Rotor Riot from Red Cat and Jeffrey Thompson, the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat (the “Business Combination”) (See Note 13 – Related Party Transactions for additional information). Fat Shark and Rotor Riot are in the business of designing and marketing consumer drones and first-person-view (“FPV”) headsets. Rotor Riot is also a licensed authorized reseller of consumer drones manufactured by third parties.
The Company specializes in the production and sale of small drones and essential components and with the acquisitions of Fat Shark and Rotor Riot, it brings brand recognition and a strong curated retail channel in the FPV drone market segment. This Business Combination is a realization of the Company’s strategy to build its business both organically and through strategic acquisitions that leverage our retail business to onshore production of critical drone components. With the transition to onshoring production of drone components, the Company intends to expand into B2B channels for customers that require a domestic supply chain.
The Business Combination was based on a share purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) that was executed on November 21, 2022. From November 21, 2022 to February 16, 2024, the Purchase Agreement was subject to several amendments and subject to certain working capital adjustments. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, as amended, the consideration paid for the acquired assets consisted of (i) $1.0 million in cash and a cash deposit of $0.1 million made in 2022, (ii) issuance of a $4.0 million 18 month promissory note to Red Cat (see Note 9 “Promissory and Convertible Notes” for further details), and (iii) the issuance of 4,250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, which represented approximately 48.66% of the outstanding common stock of the Company on February 16, 2024, after the effect of the issued shares (collectively the “Consideration Paid”). The Company valued the Red Cat common stock at $4.00 per share for $17,000,000 which represents the IPO price of the Company’s common stock on February 15, 2024. Accordingly, the value of the Consideration Paid is equal to $22,100,000.
The acquisitions met the definition of a business combination under ASC 805, Business Combinations, and therefore the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed are accounted for at fair value.
The following represents the fair value allocation of Fat Shark and Rotor Riot Purchase Price:
| Schedule of purchase fair value allocation | |
|---|---|
| Cash | $147,200 |
| Accounts receivable (approximates contractual value) | 6,798 |
| Inventories (on hand and prepaid) | 2,611,583 |
| Other current assets | 10,892 |
| Right of use asset – operating | 378,430 |
| Other long-term assets | 59,426 |
| Goodwill | 17,476,232 |
| Intangible assets | 2,297,007 |
| Total assets | 22,987,568 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 287,544 |
| Customer deposits | 114,441 |
| Deferred tax liability | 107,153 |
| Operating lease liability – current and long-term | 378,430 |
| Total liabilities | 887,568 |
| Total purchase price | $22,100,000 |
On December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a measurement period adjustment to the above fair value allocation to report a deferred tax liability of $107,153 and increase goodwill by the same amount.
Goodwill and intangible assets relate to Fat Shark and Rotor Riot being FPV market leaders and their well-known and established brands within the industry and related patents. Combining these entities and their existing customer base along with Unusual Machines’ strategy of extending to B2B sales of drone components will provide a strategic advantage.
The acquisitions were treated as stock acquisitions for U.S. income tax purposes, and no election was made to treat the transactions as asset acquisitions. Accordingly, the tax bases of the acquired assets and liabilities carried over, and the goodwill recorded for financial reporting purposes is not deductible for income tax purposes. Deferred tax liabilities were recorded for book-tax differences related primarily to intangible assets recognized in purchase accounting. Goodwill for tax purposes will be amortized over 15 years.
The results of Fat Shark and Rotor Riot have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of acquisition of February 16, 2024. The table below presents the results as reported by the Company and unaudited pro forma results of the Company, assuming that the acquisition of Fat Shark and Rotor Riot occurred at the beginning of the year ended 2024 are as follows. The unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred had the acquisitions been in effect for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):
| Schedule of unaudited pro forma results | ||
|---|---|---|
| For the Year Ended | ||
| As Reported | Proforma (unaudited) | |
| Revenue | $5,565 | $6,060 |
| Gross profit/(loss) | 1,546 | 1,578 |
| Loss from operations | (6,918) | (6,962) |
| Other expense and income taxes | (25,062) | (25,062) |
| Net loss | $(31,980) | $(32,024) |
| Net earnings per share: | ||
| Basic | $(3.84) | $(3.85) |
This unaudited consolidated pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only. The unaudited consolidated pro forma adjustments are based on preliminary estimates, information available and certain assumptions, and may be revised as additional information becomes available. In addition, the unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect any adjustments for non-recurring items or anticipated synergies resulting from the acquisition.
The unaudited pro forma financial information from the beginning of the periods presented until the acquisition date includes adjustments to: 1) eliminate intercompany revenue and associated cost of sales for sales of product from Fat Shark to Rotor Riot, 2) to adjust fair value for certain Fat Shark inventory as if the acquisition had occurred as of the beginning of the respective periods and 3) to include acquisition related expenses in the Q1 ’23 that were incurred in Q1 ’24.
Rotor Lab
On September 3, 2025, the Company closed on the acquisition of Rotor Lab. Rotor Lab is an Australian developer and manufacturer of electric motors and propulsion systems for unmanned aerial systems (“UAS”). Its product line includes precision-wound electric motors across multiple classes, from sub-400W units for small UAS to high-power motors supporting large rotary and fixed wing platforms.
In addition to the motor production facility in Australia, the Company built out a motor production facility in Orlando, FL and started producing motors for drones in the fourth quarter of 2025. The Company and Rotor Lab have been working together prior to the acquisition on co-developing several motor designs and sizes. The acquisition helps the Company accelerate their goals of building a resilient drone supply chain through their team and technology. In addition, Rotor Lab will continue to serve as the engineering center for the Company’s motor design, prototyping, and low to medium volume production of orders.
The Business Combination was based on a share purchase agreement (the “Rotor Lab Purchase Agreement”) that was executed on June 12, 2025, subject to customary closing conditions and was completed on September 3, 2025. Under the terms of the Rotor Lab Purchase Agreement, the consideration paid for the acquired assets consisted of (i) the issuance of common stock for a value of $4.0 million based on the preceding 20 day average Volume Weighted Average Price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s stock from the date of the signing the Rotor Lab Purchase Agreement in June 2025, and (ii) the issuance of common stock (“Contingent Shares”) for up to a total value of an additional $3.0 million based on the Company producing and recognizing revenue, dollar for dollar related to internally manufactured motors during the first two years after the acquisition closing date. The Contingent Shares will be calculated and issued based on the Company’s VWAP for the preceding 20 days on each anniversary date of the closing of the transaction.
The acquisition met the definition of a business combination under ASC 805, Business Combinations, and therefore the assets acquired, and liabilities assumed are accounted for at fair value. The Company issued 656,642 shares of its common stock based on the formula as noted above, which resulted in an initial purchase price of $5,922,911 based on the Company’s stock price of $9.02 on September 3, 2025, which was the closing date of the acquisition. The contingent purchase price has been initially recorded at $2,847,000. The fair value of contingent consideration was determined using the Monte-Carlo variable scenario model which values the liability at the measurement date using certain assumptions including the expected revenue over the calculation period, a discount rate applied to revenue projections, the risk-free interest rate over the earnout period and certain estimates and probabilities of different outcomes.
Such fair value amounts are subject to adjustment during the one-year measurement period.
The following represents the fair value allocation of Rotor Lab Purchase Price:
| Schedule of purchase fair value allocation | |
|---|---|
| Cash | $93,054 |
| Accounts receivable | 132,419 |
| Inventories | 36,888 |
| Prepaid expenses | 21,843 |
| Property and equipment | 179,772 |
| Right of use asset – operating | 58,524 |
| Other current assets | 10,266 |
| Customer Relationships | 190,000 |
| Non-Compete Agreements | 233,000 |
| Trade Names | 46,000 |
| Goodwill | 8,193,199 |
| Total assets | 9,194,965 |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 92,113 |
| Deferred revenue | 183,666 |
| Deferred tax liability | 89,231 |
| Operating lease liability – current and long-term | 60,044 |
| Total liabilities | 425,054 |
| Initial consideration | 5,922,911 |
| Contingent consideration | 2,847,000 |
| Total purchase price | $8,769,911 |
On September 3, 2025, the Company acquired 100% of the issued shares of Rotor Lab. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the acquisition is treated as a stock purchase. The Company did not make an election under Section 338 of the Internal Revenue Code. As a result, the tax bases of Rotor Lab’s assets and liabilities carry over from their historical amounts, and no step-up in tax basis was recorded for U.S. tax purposes. Goodwill for tax purposes will be amortized over 15 years.
The results of Rotor Lab have been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of acquisition. Revenue was $183,481 and net loss was $80,581 from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2025 in the consolidated statement of operations. The table below presents the results as reported by the Company and unaudited pro forma results of the Company, assuming that the acquisition of Rotor Lab occurred at the beginning of each period. The unaudited pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of what actually would have occurred had the acquisition been in effect for the periods presented (in thousands, except per share data):
| Schedule of unaudited pro forma results | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For the Year Ended · For the Year Ended | ||||
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||
| As Reported (unaudited) | Proforma (unaudited) | As Reported (unaudited) | Proforma (unaudited) | |
| Revenue | $11,199 | $11,721 | $5,565 | $6,019 |
| Gross profit/(loss) | 3,906 | 4,161 | 1,546 | 1,960 |
| Loss from operations | (25,152) | (25,399) | (16,991) | (6,962) |
| Other expense | 5,922 | 5,879 | (15,002) | (25,062) |
| Net loss | $(19,193) | $(19,520) | $(31,980) | $(32,024) |
| Net earnings per share: | ||||
| Basic | $(0.74) | $(0.86) | $(3.84) | $(4.11) |
The unaudited consolidated pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only. The unaudited consolidated pro forma adjustments are based on preliminary estimates, information available and certain assumptions, and may be revised as additional information becomes available. In addition, the unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect any adjustments for non-recurring items or anticipated synergies resulting from the acquisition.
Note 4 –Inventories
Inventories, which consist solely of raw materials and finished goods was as follows as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
| Schedule of inventories | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |
| Raw materials | $4,232,774 | $– |
| Finished goods | 1,083,874 | 1,335,503 |
| Total inventory | $5,316,648 | $1,335,503 |
In addition, the Company had prepaid deposits for inventory totaling $9,748,483 and $904,728 as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Note 5 –Other Assets
Other current assets included as of:
| Schedule of other current assets | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |
| Prepaid insurance | $101,689 | $31,500 |
| Prepaid benefits | 48,606 | – |
| Prepaid rent | 40,327 | – |
| Total other current assets | $190,622 | $31,500 |
Non-current other assets include rent security deposits of $197,785 related to the operating leases for the Orlando, FL facilities and the Rotor Lab facility in Australia as of December 31, 2025.
Note 6 –Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment consist of assets with an estimated useful life greater than one year. Property and equipment are reported net of accumulated depreciation, and the reported values are periodically assessed for impairment. Property and equipment as of:****
| Schedule of property and equipment | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |
| Computer equipment | $35,973 | $7,738 |
| Motor production equipment | 2,083,354 | – |
| Tenant improvements | 149,280 | – |
| Total Property and Equipment | 2,268,607 | 7,738 |
| Accumulated depreciation | (34,716) | (7,168) |
| Total property and equipment, net | $2,233,891 | $570 |
Depreciation expense totaled $27,548 and $684 for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. A total of $18,916 and $0 of depreciation expense was recorded to cost of goods sold in related to the production of motors for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company has open commitments of approximately $2.63 million related to the purchase of motor production equipment and $0.9 million related to tenant improvements. These assets are expected to be placed into service during the second quarter of 2026.
Note 7 –Operating Leases
The Company has assumed in the February 2024 business combination of Rotor Riot, a five-year operating lease for approximately 6,900 square feet of warehouse and office space in Orlando, Florida. The lease commenced in November 2023 and expires in October 2028. The Company has valued the ROUA and the associated liability, as of February 16, 2024, at $378,430. Operating lease expense totaled $105,145 and $92,002, respectively for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
In June 2025, Unusual Machines signed a lease agreement for an additional 17,000 square feet of warehouse/office space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used primarily for motor production. The lease commencement date is August 1, 2025 and currently runs through August 21, 2030. The Company has valued the ROUA and the associated liability, as of August 1, 2025, at $973,443. Operating lease expense totaled $105,719 and $0, respectively for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
In October 2025, Unusual Machines signed a lease agreement for an additional 25,000 square feet of warehouse/office space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used primarily for order fulfillment and inventory storage. The lease commencement date is December 1, 2025 and currently runs through December 31, 2030. The Company has valued the ROUA and the associated liability, as of December 1, 2025, at $1,430,522. Operating lease expense totaled $31,071 and $0, respectively for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company has assumed in the acquisition of Rotor Lab on September 3, 2025, a three-year operating lease of warehouse and office space in Canberra, Australia. The leased commenced in May 2024 and expires in April 2027. The Company has valued the ROUA and the associated liability, as of September 3, 2025, at $58,524. Operating lease expense totaled $10,527 and $0, respectively for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company has no finance leases.
The following is a summary of the operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| Schedule of operating lease right-of-use | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | $2,881,628 | $378,430 |
| Less: accumulated amortization | (274,372) | (54,916) |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, as of December 31 | 2,607,256 | 323,514 |
| Operating lease liability | 2,881,628 | 378,430 |
| Less: accumulated reduction | (251,573) | (48,439) |
| Operating lease liability, as of December 31 | 2,630,055 | 329,991 |
| Current operating lease liability | 456,429 | 67,820 |
| Non-current operating lease liability | 2,173,626 | 262,171 |
| Total operating lease liability | $2,630,055 | $329,991 |
The following is a summary of future lease payments required under the lease agreement:
| Schedule of future lease payments | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Future Lease Payments | Operating Lease Discount | Operating Lease Liability |
| 2026 | 728,007 | (271,427) | 456,581 |
| 2027 | 729,055 | (221,640) | 507,415 |
| 2028 | 724,262 | (163,360) | 560,902 |
| 2029 | 655,281 | (103,009) | 552,272 |
| 2030 | 585,355 | (32,471) | 552,884 |
| Total | $3,421,962 | $(791,908) | $2,630,055 |
| Schedule of supplemental information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Supplemental Information | UMAC | Rotor Riot | Rotor Lab |
| Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) | 4.83 | 2.83 | 1.33 |
| Weighted average discount rate | 11.49% | 11.49% | 11.49% |
Note 8 –Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows:
| Schedule of carrying amount of goodwill | |
|---|---|
| Total | |
| Goodwill as of December 31, 2023 | $– |
| Fat Shark and Rotor Riot acquisitions | 17,476,232 |
| Impairment loss on goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2024 | (10,073,326) |
| Goodwill as of December 31, 2024 | 7,402,906 |
| Rotor Lab acquisitions | 8,193,199 |
| Goodwill as of December 31, 2025 | $15,596,105 |
Accumulated impairment losses as of December 31, 2025 were $10,073,326. No impairment loss was recognized during the year ending December 31, 2025.
Intangible Assets
As of December 31, 2025, the balances of intangible assets were as follows:
| Schedule of intangible assets | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Gross Value | Accumulated Amortization | Net Value | |
| Patents/IP – Fat Shark | Finite-lived | $816,877 | $(153,164) | $663,713 |
| Trademark – Rotor Riot | Indefinite-lived | 1,480,130 | – | 1,480,130 |
| Trade name – Rotor Lab | Finite-lived | 46,000 | (3,067) | 42,933 |
| Customer relationships – Rotor Lab | Finite-lived | 190,000 | (9,048) | 180,952 |
| Non-Compete Agreements – Rotor Lab | Finite-lived | 233,000 | (38,833) | 194,167 |
| Total intangible assets, net | $2,766,007 | $(204,112) | $2,561,895 | |
As of December 31, 2024, the balances of intangible assets were as follows:
| Type | Gross Value | Accumulated Amortization | Net Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patents/IP | Finite-lived | $816,877 | $(71,477) | $745,400 |
| Trademark | Indefinite-lived | 1,480,130 | – | 1,480,130 |
| Total intangible assets, net | $2,297,007 | $(71,477) | $2,225,530 |
Patents and intellectual property relate to the patents and technology know-how from the acquisition of Fat Shark in February 2024. Patents are amortized over 10 years. Trademarks relate to the brand name and recognition of Rotor Riot from the acquisition in February 2024.
Trade name for Rotor Lab is amortized over 5 years, customer relationships are amortized over 7 years and non-compete agreements are amortized over 2 years.
Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $132,635 and $71,477, respectively.
Note 9 –Promissory and Convertible Notes
In February 2024 and in conjunction with the acquisition of Fat Shark and Rotor Riot, as discussed in Note 3, the Company issued a promissory note (“Note”) with Red Cat Holdings, Inc. (“Red Cat”) for $2.0 million. In July 2024, the Company finalized its working capital adjustment with Red Cat which increased the overall purchase price by an additional $2.0 million. In accordance with ASC 470, Debt, the additional $2.0 million was treated as a modification that was not treated as a debt extinguishment and expenses related to the debt were expensed as incurred. The additional $2.0 million was added to the existing Note and was reflected as an adjustment to the opening purchase price and was included in the opening balance sheet as of February 16, 2024 as an increase to goodwill and intangible assets. Accordingly, the Note was amended to increase the principal amount of the Note to $4.0 million.
Subsequently and in July 2024, in conjunction with a private sale of Red Cat’s common stock and its promissory note to two accredited investors (“Investors”), the Company issued new notes to the new Investors (the “July Notes”) and cancelled the original Note. The July Notes contained 8% per annum interest. In addition, the maturity date of the July Notes was extended to November 30, 2025, subject to certain conditions.
On August 21, 2024, the Company entered into two exchange agreements with the Investors, under which the Investors exchanged their respective 8% July Notes for new 4% Convertible Notes (the “August Notes”). Pursuant to the exchange agreements, the Investors exchanged the $4,000,000 of July Notes for an aggregate of (i) $3,000,000 for the August Notes, (ii)210 shares of Series C preferred stock, which converts into 630,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, and (iii)630,000 warrants with a five-year term and an exercise price of $1.99 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The July Notes were cancelled as a part of the exchange agreement. In accordance with ASC 470, since the August Notes were considered a greater than 10% change from the July Notes and a substantive conversion option was added to the August Notes, this exchange was treated as a debt extinguishment. The August Notes bear interest at 4% annually with interest payable monthly and the principal due on November 30, 2025. The August Notes are convertible into common stock at a fixed $1.99 per share, except in the Event of Default as defined in the August Notes, which the conversion price for an Event of Default Conversion is calculated at a 10% discount of the average three-day volume-weighted average price prior to the conversion date.
During the third quarter 2024, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $685,151 related to the exchange agreement discussed above. The loss on extinguishment related to the August Notes included $315,303 fair value related to the warrant liability issued, $347,947 fair value related to the optional conversion feature derivative liability of the remaining principal balance, and $21,901 cash fees paid for legal costs related to the August Notes. The Company used the binomial option pricing method for calculating the derivative fair value related to the warrants and optional conversion feature (see Note 10 – Derivative Liabilities).
In December 2024, the Investors exercised their conversion option to convert the remaining $3,000,000 in August Notes to Common Stock at a fixed $1.99 conversion price. As a result, the Company issued 1,507,538 shares of common stock, cancelled the $3,000,000 in August Notes, and recorded $17,864,325 to common stock and additional paid in capital related to the conversion of the August Notes to Common Stock. This value is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on December 3, 2024 of $11.85 per share. This resulted in a loss on debt extinguishment of $14,864,325. The settlement of the related conversion option derivative resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $16,503,923 (see Note 10). The net gain was $1,639,598.
A reconciliation of the net gain on debt extinguishment during the year ended December 31, 2024 is as follows:
| Schedule of extinguishment of debt | |
|---|---|
| Loss from August Notes modification | $(685,151) |
| Loss from conversion of debt to common stock | (14,864,325) |
| Gain from settlement of conversion option | 16,503,923 |
| Gain from settlement of warrant liability | 305,532 |
| Net gain on debt extinguishment | $1,259,979 |
Total interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $0 and $116,981, respectively.
Note 10 –Derivative Liabilities
The fair value of the derivative liabilities are determined using the binomial option pricing model which values the liability on the stock price at the grant date, the estimated volatility of the stock, the risk-free interest rate over the expected term, and certain estimates and probabilities of different outcomes. Changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the income statement in other income and expense on a quarterly basis.
Derivative liability – conversion option
In August 2024 and in conjunction with the issuance of the August Notes as discussed in Note 9 – Promissory and Convertible Notes, the Company recorded a derivative liability related to the optional conversion feature (“Conversion Derivative”) in accordance with ASC 815 as it is not clearly and closely related to the host contract and the embedded debt conversion feature meets the definition of a liability due to a potential variable amount of shares that may be issued upon conversion. The initial fair value on August 21, 2024 for the Conversion Derivative was $347,947.
On December 3, 2024, the holders of the Convertible Note exercised their conversion option to convert the remaining $3,000,000 of the convertible note into 1,507,538 shares of common stock. As a result, the Company recorded an increase in fair value of the derivative liability conversion option of $16,155,976. The Conversion Derivative fair value as of December 31, 2024 was $0 given the conversion feature was exercised and is no longer outstanding.
Warrant Liability
In August 2024 and in conjunction with the issuance of the August Notes as discussed in Note 9 – Promissory and Convertible Notes, the Company issued warrants that include specific provisions and obligations including a fundamental transaction provision that may require a cash payment to the holder upon a triggering event, that in accordance with ASC 815, require the warrants to be classified as a liability. The initial fair value on August 21, 2024 for the Warrant Liability was $315,303.
On December 3, 2024, the warrant holders exercised 630,000 warrants (which is included in the 684,000 of total warrant exercises as noted in Note 11) at $1.99 per shares related to the August Notes and the Company received cash proceeds of $1,253,700 related to the warrants. The Company recognized a decrease in the fair value of the warrant liability of $9,771. The warrant liability fair value as of December 31, 2024 was $0 since the warrants were exercised and are no longer outstanding.
The assumptions used related to the fair value of the derivative liability – conversion option and warrant liability is as follows:
| Schedule of fair value of the derivative liability | ||
|---|---|---|
| Significant Assumptions | Initial Period | Subsequent Period |
| Volatility | 91.4% | 100.90% |
| Risk free interest rate | 3.6% | 4.13% |
| Expected life | 3.5 years | 3.5 years |
| Dividend yield | 0% | 0% |
Note 11 –Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity
Earnings per Share
Outstanding securities not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive include as of December 31:
| Schedule of of diluted net loss per share | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Stock options issued to employees | 739,684 | 330,000 |
| Warrants issued and outstanding related to July 2025 registered direct offering | 350,000 | – |
| Warrants issued and outstanding related to our February 2024 IPO | – | 8,500 |
| Warrants issued and outstanding related to our October 2024 private placement | – | 1,389,079 |
| Total outstanding securities not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share | 1,089,684 | 1,727,579 |
Preferred Stock
As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there are no issued and outstanding Series A, B, and C Preferred Stock. On April 10, 2025, the Company withdrew the Certificates of Designation for the Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Stock with the State of Nevada and no shares of preferred stock remain authorized.
The Series A was convertible into common stock at a ratio of 1,000 shares of common stock for each share of Series A stock held, subject to certain limitations. The Series A shares were not entitled to vote on any matters submitted to shareholders of the Company.
The Series B was convertible into common stock at a ratio of 5,000 shares of common stock for each share of Series B stock held, subject to certain limitations. The Series B shares were not entitled to vote on any matters submitted to shareholders of the Company.
The Series C was convertible into common stock at a ratio of 3,000 shares of common stock for each share of Series C stock held, subject to certain limitations. The Series C shares were not entitled to vote on any matters submitted to shareholders of the Company.
2024 Preferred Stock Transactions
On July 22, 2024, the Company’s principal shareholder, Red Cat sold all of its securities in the Company to the two unaffiliated third-party Investors. As part of the transaction, Red Cat entered into an Exchange Agreement with the Company pursuant to which Red Cat exchanged 4,250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for 4,250 shares of the Company’s Series A. The Series A shares can be convertible back into the same amount of shares of common stock as of the date of the original exchange, and as a result the Company did not recognize any gain or loss related to the exchange.
On August 21, 2024, the Company entered into two exchange agreements with the Investors, under which each investor exchanged an aggregate of $1,000,000 of their Notes for an aggregate of 210 shares of the Company’s Series C and 630,000 warrants (see Note 12 – Share Based Awards).
In November and December 2024, the two Investors converted 4,250 shares of Series A into 4,250,000 shares of common stock. The Company canceled the 4,250 shares of Series A upon the conversion and as of December 31, 2024, there wereno shares of Series A preferred stock outstanding
During 2024, shareholders converted 190 shares of Series B into 950,000 shares of common stock. The Company canceled the 190 shares of Series B upon the conversion and as of December 31, 2024, there wereno shares of Series B preferred stock outstanding.
In December 2024, the two Investors converted 210 shares of Series C into 630,000 shares of common stock. The Company canceled the 210 shares of Series C upon the conversion and as of December 31, 2024, there wereno shares of Series C preferred stock outstanding.
Common Stock
2025 Transactions
On January 14, 2025, the Company issued 3,546 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $11.99 per share, which was the value the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $42,517 to be recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date.
On February 3, 2025, the Company issued 480,000 restricted shares of common stock to executive officers and certain employees of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The restricted shares issued to executive officers are subject to pro rata forfeiture through December 31, 2025. The restricted shares issued to certain employees are subject to pro-rata forfeiture over a four-year period. The shares were valued at $12.00 per share, which was the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $5,760,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense pro-rata over the vesting period. Stock compensation expense of $5,007,742 was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025.
In February 2025, the Company issued 1,224,606 shares of common stock related to warrant holders exercising their warrants at an exercise price of $1.99. The Company received gross proceeds of $2,436,966 related to the warrant exercises. The Company cancelled the 1,224,606 warrants upon issuance of the common shares.
On May 7, 2025, in a confidentially marketed public offering the Company sold 8,000,000 shares of common stock at $5.00 per share resulting in gross proceeds of $40,000,000, prior to payment of placement agent fees of $3,200,000 and $304,000 of other offering expenses resulting in net proceeds of $36,496,000. Dominari Securities, LLC acted as the sole placement agent and also received a warrant to purchase 640,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $5.00 per share over a two-year period expiring on May 6, 2027.
On May 19, 2025, the Company issued 33,336 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $5.40 per share, which was the value the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of approximately $180,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date.
On May 19, 2025, the Company issued 4,630 immediately vested shares of common stock to a consultant of the Company related to services provided. The shares of common stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $5.40 per share, which was the value the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of approximately $25,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date.
On May 22, 2025, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock related to vested restricted stock units for our advisory board members. The restricted stock units are valued at $4.40 per share, the closing price of our common stock as of the date of the grant, for a total value of $660,000.
On June 30, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company awarded the Company’s Chief Executive Officer 175,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan as a bonus related to the May 2025 public offering. The restricted shares are valued at $8.57 per share, the closing price of our common stock as of the date of the grant, for a total value of $1,499,750 that was recognized immediately based on the vesting of the awards for each of the Company’s Officers. The shares are subject to the Company’s clawback policy.
On July 15, 2025, in a registered direct offering the Company sold 5,000,000 shares of common stock at $9.70 per share resulting in gross proceeds of $48,500,000, prior to the payment of placement fees of $3,395,000 and $204,000 of other offering expenses resulting in net proceeds of $44,901,000. Dominari Securities, LLC acted as the sole placement agent and also received a warrant to purchase 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $9.70 per share over a two-year period expiring on May 6, 2027.
On August 1, 2025, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock related to the delivery of vested restricted stock units under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan to certain executives of the Company as a bonus related to the May 2025 public offering. The shares were valued at $1,285,500 based on the $8.57 based on the quoted trading price on grant date. The shares are subject to the Company’s clawback policy.
On August 7, 2025, the Company issued 100,000 restricted shares of common stock to certain employees of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The restricted shares issued to employees are subject to pro-rata forfeiture over a four-year period. The shares were valued at $9.59 per share, which was the quoted trading price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $959,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense pro-rata over the vesting period. Stock compensation expense of $95,252 was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025.
On August 19, 2025, the Company issued 9,232 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $9.75 per share, which was the quoted trading price the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively, for a total of approximately $90,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date.
On August 19, 2025, the Company issued 1,727 immediately vested shares of common stock to a consultant of the Company related to services provided. The shares of common stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $9.75 per share, which was the quoted trading price the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of approximately $15,000 which is recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date and included in stock compensation expense – vested stock on the statement of stockholder’s equity.
On September 2, 2025, the Company issued 280,000 restricted shares of common stock to certain employees of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The restricted shares issued to employees are subject to pro-rata forfeiture over a four-year period. The shares were valued at $9.16 per share, which was the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $2,564,800 to be recognized as stock compensation expense pro-rata over the vesting period. Stock compensation expense of $213,146 was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025.
On September 3, 2025, the Company issued 656,642 of common stock related to the closing of the Rotor Lab acquisition (see Note 3). The shares were valued at $9.02 per shares which was the closing trading price of the Company’s common stock on September 3, 2025, the closing date of the acquisition, resulting in an aggregate value of $5,922,911.
On September 24, 2025, the Company issued 8,500 shares of common stock related to warrant holders exercising their warrants. The Company received gross proceeds of $42,500 related to the warrant exercises. The Company cancelled the 8,500 warrants upon issuance of the common shares.
In September 2025, the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock related to the vesting of certain employee restricted stock units in which the Company issued 50,000 shares of common stock related to the vesting of these restricted stock units.
In October 2025, the Company utilized its at-the-market (“ATM”) equity program to sell an aggregate of 4,666,600 shares of common stock at an average price of $15.46 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of approximately $72.1 million and offering costs of approximately $2.16 million.
On November 6, 2025, the Company issued 640,000 shares of common stock related to warrant holders exercising their warrants at an exercise price of $5.00. The Company received gross proceeds of $3.2 million related to the warrant exercises. The Company cancelled the 640,000 warrants upon issuance of the common shares.
On November 13, 2025, the Company issued 80,000 restricted shares of common stock to certain employees of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The restricted shares issued to employees are subject to pro-rata forfeiture over a four-year period. The shares were valued at $9.65 per share, which was the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $772,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense pro-rata over the vesting period.
On November 19, 2025, the Company issued 1,727 immediately vested shares of common stock to a consultant of the Company related to services provided. The shares of common stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $8.69 per share, which was the quoted trading price the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $15,008 which is recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date and included in stock compensation expense – vested stock on the statement of stockholder’s equity.
On November 20, 2025, the Company issued 500,000 shares of common stock related to the delivery of vested restricted stock units under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan to certain executives of the Company. The shares were valued at $3,880,000 based on the $7.76 quoted trading price on grant date and expensed on the grant date.
On November 24, 2025, the Company issued 108,000 shares of common stock related to vested restricted stock units for our advisory board members. The restricted stock units are valued at $8.49 per share, the closing price of our common stock as of the date of the grant, for a total value of $916,920 and expensed on the grant date.
On December 29, 2025, the Company issued 142,299 shares of common stock to our CEO and two board members related to exercising of 164,473 warrants of the October 2024 private placement.131,578 of these warrants were exercised on a cashless basis using the calculation as defined in the warrant agreement at a volume-weighted average price of $11.81 and issuing a total of 109,404 shares of common stock for the cashless exercise.32,895 of these warrants were exercised for cash proceeds of $65,461 and issuing a total of 32,895 shares of common stock. The Company cancelled the 164,473 warrants related to these exercises upon issuance of the common stock.
On December 31, 2025, the Company issued 9,420 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to certain non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares were valued at $12.74 per share, which was the quoted trading price the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively, for a total of approximately $120,000 to be recognized as stock compensation expense on the grant date.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, several employees of the Company exercised 162,816 of their vested stock options in which the Company issued 162,816 shares of common stock related to these exercises. The Company received total cash proceeds of $646,572 related to the exercise of the stock options.
2024 Transactions
On January 2, 2024, the Company issued 16,086 shares of common stock to its prior Chief Executive Officer as a part of a separation agreement and recognized compensation expense of $64,344 or $4 per share, the value of the IPO in February 2024.
On February 16, 2024 the Company completed its IPO and issued 1,250,000 shares of common stock at the IPO Price for total net proceeds of $3,849,555. The Company incurred $510,000 direct deduction from proceeds, $127,687 in cash disbursements related to offering costs and $512,758 in prior year paid and deferred offering costs as of December 31, 2023 for a total of $1,150,445 offering costs, associated with the IPO which consisted of underwriter, legal, accounting, and other associated filing fees. These costs have been recorded as a reduction of the gross proceeds from the IPO in stockholder’s equity. The 62,500 of representative warrants are exercisable for common stock at a price of $5.00 per share (125% of the IPO Price) at any time beginning on August 15, 2024 through and including February 16, 2029, the expiration date.
Simultaneously with its IPO and as a part of the Purchase Agreement as discussed in Note 3, the Company issued Red Cat 4,250,000 shares of common stock as consideration of the business combination. These were subsequently exchanged into 4,250 Series A preferred shares as discussed above. As agreed in the Purchase Agreement, $17.0 million of the purchase price would be issued in common stock based on the IPO price of $4.00 per share.
During 2024, the Company issued 950,000 shares of common stock related to certain shareholders converting 190 Series B shares into common stock.
On April 30, 2024, the Company issued 937,249 restricted shares of common stock to executive officers and board members of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The restricted shares issued to executive officers are subject to pro rata forfeiture through February 14, 2025.
On May 2, 2024, the Company issued an additional 40,650 of restricted shares of common stock to Allan Evans, the Company’s CEO related to an agreed upon reduction of compensation. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”).
The April 30, 2024 and May 2, 2024 shares were valued at $1.20 and $1.23 per share, respectively for a total of $1,174,698 to be recognized pro-rata over the vesting period through February 14, 2025 which is the forfeiture period. Stock compensation expense of $1,009,218 was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2024. Unrecognized stock compensation expense related to these shares is $165,480 as of December 31, 2024.
On July 22, 2024, Red Cat sold all of its securities in the Company to two accredited investors in a private transaction. As part of the transaction, Red Cat entered into an Exchange Agreement with the Company pursuant to which Red Cat exchanged 4,250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for 4,250 shares of the Company’s Series A. There was no gain or loss on this exchange as both the common and preferred shares were determined to have the same fair value as of the exchange date.
On July 30, 2024, the Company issued 23,743 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Plan. The shares were valued at $1.79 per share, which was the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $42,500 to be recognized as stock compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2024.
On October 22, 2024, the Company issued 29,313 immediately vested restricted shares of common stock to non-employee directors of the Company. The shares of restricted stock were granted under the Plan. The shares were valued at $1.45 per share, which was the value the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, respectively for a total of $42,500 to be recognized as stock compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 2024.
On October 29, 2024 (the “Closing Date”), the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements (the “SPA”) with accredited investors (each, an “Investor” and together the "Investors”) for a private placement offering (“Private Placement”), for aggregate gross proceeds of $1.95 million before deducting fees to the placement agent and other expenses payable by the Company in connection with the Private Placement. The Company intends to use the net proceeds of approximately $1.8 million of the Private Placement for working capital and general corporate purposes. As part of the Private Placement, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,286,184 units at a per unit purchase price of $1.52 per unit. Each unit consists of one share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”) and one warrant to purchase one share of the Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.99 per share (each an “Investor Warrant”) and collectively, the Investor Warrants”). The Investor Warrants have a term of five and a half years from the Closing Date and may not be exercised for 180 days after the Closing Date and are exercisable at $1.99 per share, subject to certain limitations and adjustments set forth in the Investor Warrants. Allan Evans, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Sanford Rich and Robert Lowry, each a member of the Company’s board of directors (and the three combined, the “Insiders”), invested an aggregate of $250,000 in the Private Placement on identical terms to the other Investors. Subsequently and in order to comply with New York Stock Exchange American rules, the Insiders were required to pay an additional $92,105 to the Company related to the greater of book or market value for the warrants.
On November 5, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company awarded each of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operation Officer 50,000 restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock under the Plan as bonuses related to the Private Placement. The restricted shares are valued at $1.96 per share, the closing price of our common stock as of the date of the grant, for a total value of $98,000 that was recognized immediately based on the vesting of the awards for each of the Company’s Officers. The bonuses are subject to the Company’s clawback Policy.
On November 22, 2024, the Company issued 150,000 shares of common stock related to vested restricted stock units for our advisory board members. The restricted stock units are valued at $4.40 per share, the closing price of our common stock as of the date of the grant, for a total value of $660,000.
In November and December 2024, the Company issued 4,250,000 shares of common stock related to the Investors holding the Series A preferred stock and converted their 4,250 shares of Series A into common stock.
In November and December 2024, the Company issued 684,000 shares of common stock related to warrant holders exercising their warrants. The Company received gross proceeds of $1,523,700 related to the warrant exercises. The Company cancelled the 684,000 warrants upon issuance of the common shares.
On December 3, 2024, the Company issued 1,507,538 shares of common stock related to the Investors exercising their conversion option of the convertible note payable. As a part of the conversion, the Company cancelled the August Notes as discussed in Note 9 – Promissory and Convertible Notes. See Note 9 – Promissory and Convertible Notes for additional information related to the conversion.
In December 2024, the Company issued 630,000 shares of common stock related to the Investors holding the Series C preferred stock and converted their 210 shares of Series C into common stock.
Note 12 –Share Based Awards
The Company’s Board of Directors has delegated authority to the Chief Executive Officer to grant stock options. Any issuance of restricted stock awards or restricted stock units must be approved by the Company’s compensation committee. Stock options are granted for employees on a monthly to quarterly basis. Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units are granted on a quarterly basis. All stock awards which have been granted to individuals who donot have possession of material non-public information at the time of grant.
Stock Options
The 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) allows the Company to incentivize key employees and directors with long term compensation awards such as stock options, restricted stock, and other similar types of awards. The Plan is authorized to issue up to 15% of the outstanding shares on a fully diluted basis giving effect to the exercise and conversion of all outstanding common stock equivalents issued outside of the Plan. In addition, the Plan has an “evergreen” provision, pursuant to which the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance pursuant to awards under such plan shall be increased on the first day of each year beginning in 2025 and ending in 2032 equal to the lesser of (a) five percent (5%) of the shares of stock outstanding (on an as converted basis) on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (b) such smaller number of shares of stock as determined by our board of directors. The Plan allows for awards to be issued up to a contractual maximum term of 10 years from the grant date. As of December 31, 2025, the Plan is authorized to issue up to 5,934,715 of awards.
During the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s board of directors approved the grant of 627,500 and 330,000, respectively of stock options under the Plan to certain employees. The stock options are subject to certain vesting provisions. Standard vesting on stock options have a six month cliff vesting and quarterly from over four years, however, certain stock options may have immediate vesting or shorter periods as approved. Stock options contractual term range from 5 to 10 years.
The following table presents the activity for stock options outstanding:
| Schedule of stock option activity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Qualified Options | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |
| Outstanding - December 31, 2023 | – | $– | – | |
| Granted | 330,000 | 1.24 | 9.34 | |
| Forfeited/canceled | – | |||
| Exercised | – | |||
| Outstanding - December 31, 2024 | 330,000 | $1.24 | 9.34 | |
| Granted | 627,500 | 8.34 | – | |
| Forfeited/canceled | (55,000) | 2.81 | – | |
| Exercised | (162,816) | 3.97 | – | $782,172 |
| Outstanding – December 31, 2025 | 739,684 | $6.50 | 6.25 | $4,555,172 |
| Exercisable – December 31, 2025 | 77,600 | $2.28 | 8.59 | $811,459 |
The range of assumptions used to calculate the fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31 was:
| Schedule of stock options assumptions | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Exercise Price | $5.08 – 9.65 | $1.20 – 1.79 |
| Stock Price on date of grant | $5.08 – 9.65 | $1.20 – 1.79 |
| Risk-free interest rate | 3.58- 4.10% | 4.080- 4.71% |
| Dividend yield | – | – |
| Expected term (years) | 3.17 - 6.11 | 6.11 |
| Volatility | 107.44 – 132.35% | 129.45 – 143.46% |
The total value of stock options granted was $3,849,430 and $373,160 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recognized $927,643 and $60,924 in stock-based compensation expense related to stock options during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, there was $3,110,863 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options to be recognized over the remaining vesting term through 2029.
Restricted Stock
Restricted stock awards are equity grants in which the Company issues restricted common stock awards as of the grant date and are subject to certain vesting and clawback provision. Restricted stock units are equity grants in which the Company issues a restricted stock unit subject to vesting requirements and common stock is not issued until the vesting requirements have been met. The following table presents the activity for restricted stock awards and restricted stock units outstanding:
| Schedule of restricted stock activity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Restricted Stock Awards | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - RSA | Restricted Stock Units | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value - RSU | |
| Unvested - December 31, 2023 | – | $– | – | $– |
| Granted | 1,180,955 | 1.32 | 300,000 | 4.40 |
| Forfeited/canceled | – | – | – | – |
| Vested | (953,232) | 1.34 | (150,000) | 4.40 |
| Unvested - December 31, 2024 | 227,723 | $1.20 | 150,000 | $4.40 |
| Granted | 1,678,430 | 9.49 | 308,000 | 9.10 |
| Forfeited/canceled | – | – | – | – |
| Vested | (1,381,153) | 5.14 | (458,000) | 7.56 |
| Unvested – December 31, 2025 | 525,000 | $9.67 | – | $– |
The total value of restricted stock and restricted stock units was $18,725,539 and $2,875,364 granted during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recognized $14,692,285 and $2,194,938 in stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock and restricted stock units during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, there was $4,713,679 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock to be recognized over the remaining vesting term through 2029.
Warrants
The following table presents the activity for warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2025:
| Schedule of warrant activity | ||
|---|---|---|
| Weighted | ||
| Warrants | Average | |
| Outstanding | Exercise Price | |
| Outstanding - December 31, 2023 | – | $– |
| Granted | 2,081,579 | 2.08 |
| Forfeited/cancelled/restored | – | – |
| Exercised | (684,000) | 2.23 |
| Outstanding - December 31, 2024 | 1,397,579 | $2.01 |
| Granted | 990,000 | 6.66 |
| Forfeited/cancelled/restored | – | – |
| Exercised | (2,037,579) | 2.95 |
| Outstanding – December 31, 2025 | 350,000 | $9.70 |
As discussed in Note 11, “Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity”, in connection with the IPO in 2024, the Company issued 62,500 representative warrants to its underwriters to purchase shares of common stock. The representative warrants have an exercise price of $5.00 or can be exercised through a cashless exercise feature. The warrant holders exercised 54,000 warrants during the year ended December 31, 2024.
As discussed in Note 9, “Promissory and Convertible Notes”, in connection with the exchange of the $1,000,000 of the Note Payable balance in 2024, the Company issued 630,000 warrants to the Investors to purchase shares of common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.99. These 630,000 warrants were subsequently exercised (see Notes 10 and 11).
As Discussed in Note 11, “Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity”, in connection with the Private Placement in 2024, the Company issued 1,286,184 warrants and an additional 102,895 warrants to the underwriter related to the Private Placement for a total of 1,389,079 warrants. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.99.
As Discussed in Note 11, “Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity”, in connection with the May 2025 public offering and July 2025 registered direct offering, the Company issued 990,000 warrants to the underwriter. The warrants have an average exercise price of $6.66.
All warrants outstanding have a weighted average remaining contractual life of approximately 1.54 years as of December 31, 2025. The aggregate intrinsic value of the warrants at December 31, 2025 is $1,064,000.
Note 13 –Related Party Transactions
In November 2022, the Company entered into the Purchase Agreement, as amended with Red Cat and Jeffrey Thompson, the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer and President and current director and also the current Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat, pursuant to which, among other things, Mr. Thompson and the Company have agreed to indemnification obligations, which shall survive for a period of nine months from February 16, 2024, subject to certain limitations, which includes a basket of $250,000 before any claim can be asserted and a cap equal to the value of 100,000 shares of our common stock owned by him to secure any indemnification obligations, which stock is our sole remedy, except for fraud. Our prior Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Brandon Torres Declet, negotiated the terms of the Purchase Agreement on an arms’ length basis with Joe Freedman who was the head of Red Cat’s Special Committee. The transaction was ultimately approved by the Company’s and Red Cat’s board of directors. On March 8, 2023, a majority of the disinterested Red Cat shareholders approved the transactions contemplated in the Purchase Agreement in a special meeting. Mr. Thompson recused himself from such vote.
In February 2024, the Company completed the acquisitions to purchase Fat Shark and Rotor Riot from Red Cat. Jeffrey Thompson is the founder and current Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat. Mr. Thompson is also the founder, prior Chief Executive Officer and current member on the Board of Directors of Unusual Machines. Prior to the acquisition, Mr. Thompson held 328,500 shares of common stock in Unusual Machines, which represented approximately 10% prior to the acquisition and IPO.
On April 30, 2024 (“Grant Date”), the Company’s board of directors approved the Company entering into a two-year Management Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) with 8 Consulting LLC (the “Consultant”) for the services of our Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Allan Evans, whereby the Consultant agreed to cause Dr. Evans to perform his services as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and the Consultant will be compensated on behalf of Dr. Evans by the Company in connection with his performance of such services. The Agreement allows Dr. Evans to receive favorable tax benefits as a resident of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico who will perform such services in Puerto Rico. Pursuant to the Agreement, Dr. Evans will perform the duties and responsibilities that are customary for a chief executive officer of a public company that either have revenues similar to the Company on a pro forma basis as reflected in the Prospectus filed with the SEC on February 15, 2024, or if pre-revenues, are an active and on-going business that are performing pre-revenue activities. The Consultant agreed to cause Dr. Evans, as Chief Executive Officer, (i) to undertake primary responsibility for managing all aspects of the Company and overseeing the preparation of all reports, registration statements and other filings required filed by the Company with the SEC and executing the certifications required the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules of the SEC as the principal executive officer of the Company; (ii) attend investor meetings and road shows in connection with the Company’s fundraising and investor relations activities; (iii) to report to the Company’s board of directors; (iv) to perform services for such subsidiaries of the Company as may be necessary.
The Consultant receives a $250,000 fee per year payable in monthly installments. On September 30, 2025, the Company amended the agreement increasing the Consultant’s annual fee to $300,000. In addition, the Consultant was granted 488,000 fully vested shares of restricted common stock. The fair value of the shares was $585,600 based on the $1.20 quoted trading price on the Grant Date and will be recognized over the service period (see below). The grant of restricted common stock was made under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan. The shares of restricted common stock are subject to pro rata forfeiture from February 14, 2024 until February 14, 2025, in the event that Dr. Evans is terminated or ends his services to the Company for any reason other than death or disability, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code. The Company and Dr. Evans previously entered into an Offer Letter dated November 27, 2023, under which he would serve as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer effective as of December 4, 2023. The Agreement terminates and replaces the Offer Letter dated November 27, 2023.
In October 2024, in relation to the Private Placement as described in more detail in Note 11, “Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity”, the Company’s CEO and two directors (combined “Insiders”) invested $250,000 in the Private Placement on identical terms to the other Investors. In addition, the Insiders were required to pay an additional $92,105 to the Company related to the greater of book or market value for the warrants.
In November 2024, the Company entered into and received a purchase order with Teal Drones, Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of Red Cat to provide goods and services to a customer in which Teal Drones is a prime contractor and the Company is a subcontractor. Red Cat is a related party as Jeff Thompson is the Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat and is also on the Board of Directors of Unusual Machines. The Company recognized $95,000 and $155,000 in revenue related to the related party contract for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The total value of the contract between Unusual Machines and Red Cat is $250,000.
In May 2025, in relation to the confidentially marketed public offering as described in more detail in Note 10, “Earnings Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity”, the Company’s CEO and three directors invested $420,000 in the offering on identical terms to the other Investors and received a total of 80,000 shares of common stock.
In October 2025, the Company received a $0.8 million order from Teal Drones, which is a subsidiary of Red Cat. Red Cat is a related party as Jeff Thompson is the Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat and is also on the Board of Directors of Unusual Machines. The Company recognized approximately $0.2 million in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company had related party receivables of $0.2 million as of December 31, 2025. The order includes several different drone components manufactured and sourced from the Company.
On December 29, 2025, the Company issued 142,299 shares of common stock to our CEO and two board members related to exercising of 164,473 warrants of the October 2024 private placement.131,578 of these warrants were exercised on a cashless basis using the calculation as defined in the warrant agreement at a volume-weighted average price of $11.81 and issuing a total of 109,404 shares of common stock for the cashless exercise.32,895 of these warrants were exercised for cash proceeds of $65,461 and issuing a total of 32,895 shares of common stock.
On December 31, 2025, the Company paid $43,474 to its investment committee, which includes the CEO and two independent Directors of the Company. The payment is based on a 1% per committee member based on the realized gains during the previous quarter.
In January 2026, the Company received a $2.1 million order from Teal Drones, which is a subsidiary of Red Cat. Red Cat is a related party as Jeff Thompson is the Chief Executive Officer of Red Cat and is also on the Board of Directors of Unusual Machines. The order is expected to be delivered in the first half of 2026 and includes several different drone components manufactured and sourced from the Company.
Note 14 –Income Taxes
The components of income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) consist of the following as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:
| Schedule of income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, | December 31, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| US | $(19,149,289) | $(31,150,444) |
| Foreign | (80,580) | (843,384) |
| Pretax income (loss) from operations | $(19,229,869) | $(31,993,828) |
The components of income tax expense (benefit) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 are:
| Schedule of income (loss) income tax expense (benefit) | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, | December 31, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Current: | ||
| Federal | $– | $– |
| Foreign | – | – |
| State and local | – | – |
| Current income tax expense (benefit) | – | – |
| Deferred: | ||
| Federal | (828) | (11,069) |
| Foreign | (39,458) | – |
| State and local | 4,034 | (2,290) |
| Deferred income tax expense (benefit) | (36,252) | (13,360) |
| Total income tax expense (benefit) | $(36,252) | $(13,360) |
Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 are:
| Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 31, | December 31, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Deferred tax assets: | ||
| Net operating losses and credit carryforwards | $6,860,442 | $3,268,472 |
| Stock compensation | 266,916 | 54,821 |
| Inventory | – | 248,599 |
| Accruals and reserves | 13,685 | 7,336 |
| Deferred interest carryforward | – | 24,669 |
| Lease liability | 654,327 | 83,636 |
| Other | 16,083 | – |
| Total deferred tax assets | 7,811,453 | 3,687,532 |
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||
| Intangible assets | (653,892) | (564,061) |
| Property and equipment | (197,750) | – |
| Right of use asset | (648,451) | (81,995) |
| Other | (10,216) | 74 |
| Valuation allowance | (5,815,224) | (3,135,343) |
| Deferred income tax expense (benefit) | (7,958,225) | (3,781,325) |
| Net deferred tax liability | $(146,772) | $(93,793) |
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes to the amount computed by applying the 21% statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to income before income taxes after the adoption of ASU 2023-09 is as follows:
| Schedule of reconciliation of provision for income taxes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, · December 31, | ||||
| 2025 · 2024 | ||||
| U.S. federal statutory tax rate | 21.0% | $(4,038,272) | 21.0% | $(6,718,704) |
| State and local income taxes, net of federal income tax effect | (0.02)% | 4,033 | 0.1% | (305,016) |
| Foreign tax effects: | ||||
| Other foreign jurisdictions | 0.06% | (11,838) | (0.2)% | 57,730 |
| Effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period | 0.00% | – | 0.00% | – |
| Effect of cross-border tax laws: | ||||
| U.S. taxation of foreign earnings | 0.00% | – | 0.00% | – |
| Tax credits: | ||||
| Research and development credits | 0.00% | – | 0.00% | – |
| Changes in valuation allowance | (11.38)% | 2,187,556 | (4.4)% | 1,708,109 |
| Nontaxable or nondeductible items: | ||||
| 162m limitation | (10.09)% | 1,940,642 | 0.00% | – |
| Other | 0.40% | (76,147) | (16.4)% | 5,244,520 |
| Changes in unrecognized tax benefits | 0.00% | – | 0.00% | – |
| Other | 0.22% | (42,226) | 0.00% | – |
| Effective rate | 0.19% | $(36,252) | 0.0% | $(13,360) |
The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 on a prospective basis for the year ended December 31, 2025 and have included the following table as a result of the adoption, which presents income taxes paid (net of refunds received) for the year ended December 31, 2025:
| Schedule of income taxes paid net of refunds received | |
|---|---|
| December 31, | |
| U.S. federal | $– |
| U.S. state and local | – |
| Foreign | – |
| Total | $– |
As of December 31, 2025, the Company has U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $23.5 million and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $4.9 million of which $4.6 million will never be utilized. The U.S. federal net losses can be carried forward indefinitely and are generally deductible against 80% of taxable income on an annual basis.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, a determination is made as to whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company has provided a full valuation allowance on its federal, foreign, and state deferred tax assets.
The Company is subject to income taxes in the United States; Puerto Rico; and various state jurisdictions. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. The Company is not currently under examination by any taxing authorities. The 2022 through 2025 tax years are open to examination by the tax authorities.
ASC 740 provides detailed guidance for the consolidated financial statement recognition, measurement, and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold before a benefit is recognized in the consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has no uncertain tax positions. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. No interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions were accrued as of December 31, 2025 associated with uncertain tax positions.
Note 15 –Commitments and Contingencies
As part of the business combination that occurred on February 14, 2024, the Company acquired a five-year operating lease for approximately 6,900 square feet of warehouse and office space in Orlando, Florida. The lease commenced in November 2023 and expires in October 2028. See Note 7 – Operating Leases for additional information.
On June 4, 2025, the Company entered into a five -year operating lease agreement for approximately 17,000 square feet of space for the Company’s drone motor manufacturing facility in Orlando, Florida. The lease commenced on August 1, 2025 and expires in August 2030. See Note 7 – Operating Leases for additional information.
As a part of the business combination that occurred on September 3, 2025 with Rotor Lab, the Company acquired a three-year operating lease of warehouse and office space in Canberra Australia. The lease commenced in May 2024 and expires in April 2027. See Note 7 – Operating Leases for additional information.
On October 30, 2025, the Company entered into a five-year operating lease agreement for an additional 25,000 square feet of warehouse/office space in Orlando, FL. The lease commencement date is December 1, 2025 and expires in December 2030.
On December 10, 2025, the Company entered into a three-year operating lease agreement for an additional 9,125 square feet of space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used as the Company’s corporate headquarters. The lease will commence on February 1, 2026 and expires in February 2029.
On December 15, 2025, the Company entered into a three-year operating lease agreement for an additional 4,500 square feet of space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used for headset production. The lease commenced on January 1, 2026 and expires in December 2028.
Note 16 –Subsequent Events
Warrants Exercise
On January 9, 2026, warrant holders exercised 350,000 warrants at $9.70 per warrant in connection with the July 2025 registered direct offering and the Company issued 350,000 shares of common stock. The Company received cash proceeds of approximately $3.4 million in relation to the exercise.
Equity Grants to Executive Officers
On January 23, 2026, the Company issued the Company’s executive officers listed in the table below shares of restricted common stock. The shares of restricted common stock vest in equal quarterly increments over a one-year period, with the first quarter vesting on March 15, 2026. The shares of restricted common stock were granted under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, and are subject to each officer executing the Company’s standard Restricted Stock Agreement.
| Officer | Amount of Restricted Common Stock |
|---|---|
| Allan Evans (1) | 220,000 |
| Brian Hoff | 110,000 |
| Andrew Camden | 110,000 |
| Stacy Wright | 110,000 |
(1) Shares issued to 8 Consulting LLC, an entity of which Dr. Allan Evans, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, is the sole owner with voting and dispositive power.
Equity Grants to Employees & Consultants
In January 2026, the Company issued certain employees shares of restricted common stock and stock options. The Company issued a total of 190,000 shares of restricted common stock and 90,000 stock options to employees. All shares and options vest in quarterly installments over a four-year period starting from the grant date.
In January 2026, the Company issued a consultant 40,000 shares of restricted common stock that vest in monthly installments over a two-year period starting from the grant date.
Leases
On December 10, 2025, the Company entered into a three-year operating lease agreement for an additional 9,125 square feet of space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used as the Company’s corporate headquarters. The lease will commence on February 1, 2026 and expires in February 2029.
On December 15, 2025, the Company entered into a three-year operating lease agreement for an additional 4,500 square feet of space in Orlando, FL. This space will be used for headset production. The lease commenced on January 1, 2026 and expires in December 2028.
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.