SOLITRON DEVICES INC

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

1. THE COMPANY AND OPERATIONS

Solitron Devices, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company” or “Solitron”), designs, develops, manufactures, and markets solid-state semiconductor components and related devices primarily for the military and aerospace markets. The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1959 and reincorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in August 1987. In September 2023, Solitron acquired Micro Engineering Inc. (“MEI”). Since 1980, MEI has specialized in solving design layout and manufacturing challenges for electronic components. MEI specializes in low to mid volume projects that require engineering, quality systems and efficient manufacturing.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.

The unaudited financial information furnished herein reflects all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending February 28, 2025.

The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 29, 2024.

Use of estimates

The consolidated condensed financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Preparation of these consolidated condensed financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable. The Company could have reasonably used different accounting estimates. This applies in particular to inventory and valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ significantly from our estimates. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits and money market accounts. The Company considers any short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less as cash and cash equivalents.

Investment in Marketable Securities

Investment in Securities includes investments in equity securities. Investments in securities are reported at fair value with changes in unrecognized gains or losses included in other income on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the Company’s marketable securities:

At August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024, the deferred tax liability related to unrecognized gains and losses on short-term investments was approximately $98,000 and $86,000, respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, defines “fair value” as the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also sets forth a valuation hierarchy of the inputs (assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability) used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into the following three levels:

The table below shows the Company’s marketable securities as of August 31, 2024 and February 29, 2024:

The carrying amounts of the Company’s short-term financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity for these instruments. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates fair value since the related rates of interest approximate current market rates.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at amounts management expects to collect from outstanding balances and do not bear interest. The Company regularly monitors and assesses its risk of not collecting amounts owed by customers. At each balance sheet date, the Company recognizes an expected allowance for credit losses. In addition, at each reporting date, this estimate is updated to reflect any changes in credit risk since the receivable was initially recorded. This estimate is calculated on a pooled basis where similar risk characteristics exist. If applicable, accounts receivable are evaluated individually when they do not share similar risk characteristics which could exist in circumstances where amounts are considered at risk or uncollectible. The accounts receivable balance as of August 31, 2024, and February 29, 2024, was $2,197,000 and $2,826,000, respectively.

The allowance estimate is derived from a review of the Company’s historical losses based on the aging of receivables. This estimate is adjusted for management’s assessment of current conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts regarding future events, and any other factors deemed relevant by the Company. The Company believes historical loss information is a reasonable starting point in which to calculate the expected allowance for credit losses as the Company’s portfolio segment has remained consistent since the Company’s inception. The allowance for credit losses was $0 as of August 31, 2024, and February 29, 2024, respectively.

The Company writes off receivables when there is information that indicates the debtor is facing significant financial difficulty and there is no possibility of recovery. If any recoveries are made from any accounts previously written off, they will be recognized in income (or an offset to credit loss expense) in the year of recovery, in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy election. The total amount of write-offs for the six months ended August 31, 2024, and August 31, 2023 was $0.

Shipping and Handling

Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are recorded in net sales. Shipping costs incurred by the Company are recorded in cost of sales.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined using the “first-in, first-out” (FIFO) method. The Company buys raw material only to fill customer orders. Excess raw material is created only when a vendor imposes a minimum quantity buy in excess of actual requirements. Such excess material will usually be utilized to meet the requirements of the customer’s subsequent orders. If excess material is not utilized after two fiscal years it is fully reserved. Any inventory item once designated as reserved is carried at zero value in all subsequent valuation activities.

The Company does not classify a portion of inventories as non-current since we cannot reasonably estimate based on the length of our operating cycle which items will or will not be used within twelve months.

The Company’s inventory valuation policy is as follows:

Property, Plant, Equipment, and Leasehold Improvements

Property, plant, and equipment is recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs that do not extend their expected life are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the lives of the related assets:

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist principally of cash and account receivables. The Company places its cash with high credit quality institutions. At times, such amounts may be in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on the accounts. As of August 31, 2024, all non-interest bearing checking accounts were FDIC insured to a limit of $250,000. Deposits in excess of FDIC insured limits were approximately $1,091,000 at August 31, 2024, as compared to $1,007,000 at February 29, 2024. With respect to the account receivables, most of the Company’s products are custom made pursuant to contracts with customers whose end-products are sold to the United States Government. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Actual losses and allowances have historically been within management’s expectations.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Net income (loss) per common share is presented in accordance with ASC 260-10 “Earnings per Share.” Basic earnings per common share are computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share incorporate the incremental shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of stock options to the extent they are not anti-dilutive using the treasury stock method. The Company had no common stock equivalents outstanding during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023; therefore, there is no effect from dilution on earnings per share.

Revenue Recognition

The Company records revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,”* *which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods and services to customers. Revenue is recognized at a point in time, generally upon shipment of products to customers.

The core principle of the guidance in Topic 606 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

To achieve that core principle, the Company applied the following steps:

1. Identify the contract(s) with a customer.

The Company designs, develops, manufactures and markets solid-state semiconductor components and related devices. The Company’s products are used as components primarily in the military and aerospace markets.

The Company’s revenues are from purchase orders and/or contracts with customers associated with manufacture of products. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable.

2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract.

The majority of the Company’s purchase orders or contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation, the shipment of products.

3. Determine the transaction price.

The transaction price reflects the Company’s expectations about the consideration it will be entitled to receive from the customer at a fixed price per unit shipped based on the terms of the contract or purchase order with the customer. To the extent our actual costs vary from the fixed price that was negotiated, we will generate more or less profit or could incur a loss.

4. Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract.

5. Recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

This performance obligation is satisfied when control of the product is transferred to the customer, which generally occurs upon shipment. The Company receives purchase orders for products to be delivered over multiple dates that may extend across reporting periods. The Company’s accounting policy treats shipping and handling activities as a fulfillment cost. The Company invoices for each delivery upon shipment and recognizes revenues at the fixed price for each distinct product delivered when transfer of control has occurred, which is generally upon shipment.

In addition, the Company may have a contract or purchase order to provide a non-recurring engineering service to a customer. These contracts are reviewed, performance obligations are determined, and we recognize revenue at the point in time in which each performance obligation is fully satisfied.

We recognize revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor takes control of the products ("sold-to" model). We have agreements with distributors that allow distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which we refer to as a "scrap allowance." Consistent with industry practice, we also have a "stock, ship and debit" program whereby we consider requests by distributors for credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors' inventory, to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. We have contractual arrangements whereby we provide distributors with protection against price reductions initiated by us after product is sold by us to the distributor and prior to resale by the distributor. In addition, we have a termination clause in one of our distributor agreements that would allow for a full credit for all inventory upon 60 days’ notice of terminating the agreement.

We recognize the estimated variable consideration to be received as revenue and record a related accrued expense for the consideration not expected to be received, based upon an estimate of product returns, scrap allowances, "stock, ship and debit" credits, and price protection credits that will be attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. We make these estimates based upon sales levels to our customers during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs. Our estimates require the exercise of significant judgments. We believe that we have a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the programs.

Related Party Transactions

The Company currently purchases and has purchased in the past die and wafers, as specified by the Company's customers, from ES Components. Mr. Aubrey, a director of the Company is a minority owner, and an immediate family member of the majority owner of ES Components. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, the Company purchased $57,000 and $90,000 of die, respectively and $0 of used equipment from ES Components. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2023, the Company purchased $13,000 and $33,000 of die, respectively and $0 of used equipment from ES Components. The Company has included the expenses related to die in cost of goods sold in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company occasionally makes sales to ES Components. For the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, sales were $0.

Stock based compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, "Compensation-Stock Compensation," which establishes accounting standards for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. Under ASC Topic 718, the Company recognizes an expense for the fair value of outstanding stock options and grants as they vest, whether held by employees or others. No vesting of stock options or grants occurred during the three and six months ended August 31, 2024 or August 31, 2023.

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sales returns and allowances accrual activity is shown below for the three and six months ended August 31, 2024, and August 31, 2023, respectively,:

As noted in Note 2 above, one of our distributor agreements has a termination clause that would allow for a full credit for all inventory upon 60 days’ notice of terminating the agreement. As of August 31, 2024, and February 29, 2024, the inventory balance at that distributor was believed to be $1,356,000 and $1,454,000, respectively. Based upon sales levels to and by the distributor during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs, we believe it is highly unlikely that the distributor would exercise termination. Should termination occur, we believe the products could be sold to other distributors or held in inventory for future sale.

The Company warrants that its products, when delivered, will be free from defects in material workmanship under normal use and service. The obligations are limited to replacing, repairing, or reimbursing for, at the option of the Company, any products that are returned within one year after the date of shipment. The Company does not reserve for potential warranty costs based on historical experience and the nature of its cost tracking system.

4. INVENTORIES

As of August 31, 2024, inventories consist of the following:

As of February 29, 2024, inventories consist of the following:

Wafer bank inventory (completed wafers that are available to be consumed in the Company’s products), net of reserves, totaled $257,000 as of August 31, 2024 and $332,000 as of February 29, 2024. As of August 31, 2024,100% of the wafer bank inventory consisted of wafers manufactured between calendar year 2018 and 2022. We do not expect all of our wafer inventory to be consumed within twelve months; however, since it is not possible to know which wafers will or will not be used, we classify all our inventory as current.

5. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

As of August 31, 2024, and February 29, 2024, accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

6. DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE AND MAJOR CUSTOMERS

Revenues from domestic and export sales are attributed to a global geographic region according to the location of the customer’s primary manufacturing or operating facilities. Revenues from domestic and export sales to unaffiliated customers for the three months ended August 31, 2024, and August 31, 2023, respectively are as follows:

For the three months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, approximately 54% and 95%, respectively, of the Company’s sales have been attributable to contracts with customers whose products are sold to the United States government. The remaining 46% and 5%, respectively of sales are for non-military, scientific and industrial applications, or to distributors where we do not have end user information.

Revenues from domestic and export sales to unaffiliated customers for the six months ended August 31, 2024, and August 31, 2023, respectively are as follows:

For the six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, approximately 54% and 90%, respectively, of the Company’s sales have been attributable to contracts with customers whose products are sold to the United States government. The remaining 46% and 10%, respectively of sales are for non-military, scientific and industrial applications, or to distributors where we do not have end user information.

Customers who contributed ten percent or more of revenues for the three months ended August 31, 2024, and August 31, 2023, respectively are as follows:

Customers who contributed ten percent or more of revenues for the six months ended August 31, 2024 and August 31, 2023, respectively are as follows:

7. MAJOR SUPPLIERS

For the three months ended August 31, 2024, Ametek accounted for 33% of production materials, and Wuxi Streamtek 13%, respectively. No other supplier accounted for 10% or more of purchases of production materials.

For the six months ended August 31, 2024, Ametek accounted for 38% of production materials, and Future Electronics 10%, respectively. No other supplier accounted for 10% or more of purchases of production materials.

For the three months ended August 31, 2023, Wuxi Streamtek accounted for 27% of production materials, Littlefuse 19%, Platronics Seals 17%, and Kyocera International 13%, respectively. No other supplier accounted for 10% or more of purchases of production materials.

For the six months ended August 31, 2023, Wuxi Streamtek accounted for 35% of production materials, Platronics Seals 14%, and ES Components 13%, respectively. No other supplier accounted for 10% or more of purchases of production materials.

8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Finance lease:

In connection with the Acquisition of MEI, the Company also entered into a Lease Agreement pursuant to which it agreed to lease the facility occupied by MEI, consisting of approximately 10,926 square feet of useable office and production space in Orange County, Florida for $10,650 per month. The Lease Agreement had an initial term of three years, with two five-year renewal options. The Lease Agreement also provided the Company with an option to purchase the leased property for $1,750,000 at any time before the six-month anniversary of the Lease Agreement. The Company exercised its option and completed the purchase on May 21, 2024. Accordingly, the right of use asset and lease liability were removed and the Company recorded the previously leased facility as property, plant, and equipment. See note 9 for the mortgage terms related to this purchase.

Under ASC 842-10-25-2 there are five criteria to determine if a lease is a finance lease, one of those criteria is if a purchase option is reasonably certain to be exercised. Since the purchase option was likely to be exercised we treated the lease as a finance lease and included the purchase price of $1,750,000 as a current liability. The Company used an imputed interest rate of 8%.

Contingencies:

We may from time to time become a party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. As of August 31, 2024, we had no known material current, pending, or threatened litigation.

9. NOTES PAYABLE

On April 16, 2021, the Company closed on the acquisition of a facility and real estate located in West Palm Beach, Florida for a purchase price of $4,200,000 pursuant to the Commercial Contract entered into on March 1, 2021. In connection with the acquisition, the Company obtained mortgage financing from Bank of America, N.A. (the “Bank”) in the amount of $2,940,000 to fund that portion of the total purchase price, and entered into the Master Credit Agreement, a Note, a Mortgage, Assignment of Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing and Financial Covenant Agreement (the “FCA”). The loan accrues interest at a fixed rate of 3.8% per year and matures on April 15, 2031. Beginning on May 15, 2021, the Company began making monthly installments of $17,593 consisting of principal and interest. The payment and performance of the loan is secured by a security interest in the property acquired. The Master Credit Agreement contains certain representations and warranties, undertakings and events of default customary for these types of agreements. Additionally, under the terms of the FCA, the Company has agreed to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio of at least 1.15:1.0, calculated at the end of each fiscal year, using the results of the twelve-month period ending with that reporting period, and has agreed to maintain on a consolidated basis a minimum of no less than $1,000,000 of unrestricted, unencumbered liquid assets.

On June 29, 2022, the Company received notification from the Bank that it had elected to suspend certain financial and reporting requirements set forth in the FCA. Specifically, the Bank elected on a going forward basis to suspend measurement of any of the following financial covenants to the extent they are included in Section 2.1, ‘Financial Covenants’ of the FCA: Tangible Net Worth; Debt Service Coverage Ratio; Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio; Asset Coverage Ratio; Funded Debt to EBITDA; and/or Liquidity. In addition, the Bank elected to suspend the requirements in the FCA, if any, for the submission of financial statements and information by the Borrower on a periodic basis as specified in Section 2.4, ‘Financial Information’ of the FCA. The Bank reserves the right in its sole discretion to require the Company to resume delivery of financial statements and other information and to evidence compliance with the financial covenant requirements as currently provided in the FCA.

On May 21, 2024, Micro Engineering, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Solitron purchased the property and facilities occupied by the Company, located at 401 Roger Williams Road, Apopka, Florida (the “Micro Property”), for a purchase price of $1,750,000. Micro Engineering, Inc. previously occupied the Micro Property under a commercial lease agreement dated September 1, 2023, which provided the Company with anoption to purchase the Micro Property for $1,750,000 at any time before the six month anniversary of the lease agreement. In addition, on May 21, 2024, the Company entered into a Loan Agreement with Bank of America, N.A. (“the Bank”) with respect to the Company’s acquisition of the Micro Property. The Loan Agreement is (1) evidenced by a Promissory Note issued by the Company in favor of the Bank in the principal amount of $1,400,000 and (2) secured by the Micro Property and certain related assets and rights pursuant to a Mortgage, Assignment of Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing between the Bank and Micro Engineering. The Micro Property is subject to the Mortgage, Assignment of Rents, Security Agreement and Fixture Filing. Furthermore, Micro Engineering guaranteed the Company’s obligations under the Promissory Note pursuant to a Continuing and Unconditional Guaranty.

Pursuant to the loan documentation, the Bank has advanced $1,400,000 to the Company for the purchase of the Micro Property. The Company agreed to pay installments of principal and interest in the amount of $10,444 on the first day of each month, commencing on July 1, 2024, and continuing on the same day of each calendar month thereafter, through May 1, 2034. The Company agreed to pay all remaining outstanding principal, together with all then accrued and unpaid interest, on May 31, 2034. The outstanding principal amount of the loan may be prepaid at any time with accrued interest and the interest payment that would have accrued through the term of the loan with respect to the prepayment amount. The loan is scheduled to mature on May 31, 2034. Interest on the outstanding principal amount of the loan is payable monthly at the annual rate equal to 6.39% per annum.

As of August 31, 2024, principal payments on the notes payable are as follows for the fiscal years ended February 28/29:

10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Repurchase Program

The Board of Directors has authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $1.0 million of its outstanding common stock. Purchases under the program may be made through the open market or privately negotiated transactions as determined by the Company’s management, and in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other conditions.

The Company did not repurchase any shares under the stock repurchase program during the three or six months ended August 31, 2024 or August 31, 2023.

11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On October 14, 2024, the board of directors of the company increased the authorized stock repurchase program to $2.0 million.