Barnes & Noble Education, Inc.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation (as required under Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act) was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that it will detect or uncover failures within the Company to disclose material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company’s periodic reports. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were ineffective at the reasonable assurance level as of November 1, 2025, due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting related to our control environment, risk assessment, information and communication, monitoring, and multiple control activities as previously disclosed in Part II, Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and continue to exist as of November 1, 2025.

Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses, management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have determined, that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q fairly represent in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for the periods presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Remediation Update

As previously described in Item 9A of our Annual Report, the Company began implementing a remediation plan to address the material weaknesses mentioned above including enhancing our manual journal entry process and our IT user access review controls, identifying IPE and key reports and ensuring their accuracy and completeness, executing enhanced procedures for the review of non-routine transactions, and reinforcing the importance of the account reconciliation process and defining the related success criteria. In addition, the Company continues to focus on ensuring clear roles and responsibilities over financial oversight are communicated and documented, accounting policies and procedures are compiled and stored centrally, and training on accounting controls and ethics are deployed.

Other than with respect to the remediation efforts described above, management has not identified any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the second quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.