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Evolent Health Inc

For the period ended Dec 31, 2024. Filed Feb 21, 2025.

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About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2024 · Filed Feb 21, 2025

EVH$4.80+1.9%Stored close · as of Nov 10, 2026

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Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1. Organization

Evolent Health, Inc. was incorporated in December 2014 in the state of Delaware and through its subsidiaries is a market leader in connecting care for people with complex conditions like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and musculoskeletal diagnoses. We work on behalf of health plans and other risk-bearing entities and payers (our customers) to support physicians and other healthcare providers (our users) in providing the best evidence-based care to their patients. We believe adherence to the best evidence supports better outcomes for patients, a better experience for physicians, and lower costs for the healthcare system overall.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $104.2 million. The Company believes it has sufficient liquidity to meet its working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months as of the date the financial statements were issued.

The Company made organizational changes, including re-evaluating its reportable segments, as a result of growth in our value-based specialty care business, both organically and through acquisitions. Effective during the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company changed its reportable segments to reflect changes in the way its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) evaluates the performance of its operations, develops strategy and allocates capital resources. Specifically, the Company collapsed its previoustwo segments, Evolent Health Services and Clinical Solutions intoone segment.

We haveone operating segment andone reportable segment as our CODM, who is our Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources.

The Company’s headquarters is located in Arlington, Virginia.

Evolent Health LLC Governance

Our operations are conducted through Evolent Health LLC. Evolent Health, Inc. is a holding company whose only business is to act as the sole managing member of Evolent Health LLC. As such, it controls Evolent Health LLC’s business and affairs and is responsible for the management of its business.

Note 2. Basis of Presentation, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Change in Accounting Principles

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with United States of America generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Certain GAAP policies that significantly affect the determination of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows are summarized below.

Accounting Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses for the reporting period. Those estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from those estimates. In the accompanying consolidated financial statements, estimates are used for, but not limited to, the valuation of assets (including intangibles assets, goodwill and long-lived assets), liabilities, consideration related to business combinations and asset acquisitions, revenue recognition (including variable consideration), estimated selling prices for performance obligations in contracts with multiple performance obligations, reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements, credit losses, depreciable lives of assets, impairment of long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, deferred income taxes and valuation allowance, contingent liabilities, purchase price allocation in taxable stock transactions and useful lives of intangible assets.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Evolent Health, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company holds materially all of our cash in bank deposits with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) participating banks at cost which approximates fair value.

Restricted Cash and Restricted Investments

Restricted cash and restricted investments include cash and investments used to collateralize various contractual obligations (in thousands) as follows:

December 31,
20242023
Collateral for letters of credit for facility leases (1)$1,903$2,132
Collateral with financial institutions (2)16,59016,237
Claims processing services (3)55,80012,263
Total restricted cash and restricted investments$74,293$30,632
Current restricted cash$59,295$13,768
Total current restricted cash and restricted investments$59,295$13,768
Non-current restricted cash$14,998$16,864
Total non-current restricted cash and restricted investments$14,998$16,864

(1)Represents restricted cash related to collateral for letters of credit required in conjunction with lease agreements. See Note 11 for further discussion of our lease commitments.

(2)Represents collateral held with financial institutions for risk-sharing and other arrangements which are held in a FDIC participating bank account. See Note 18 for discussion of fair value measurement.

(3)Represents cash held by the Company related to claims processing services on behalf of partners. These are pass-through amounts and can fluctuate materially from period to period depending on the timing of when the claims are processed.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and current and noncurrent restricted cash and restricted investments reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):

December 31,
20242023
Cash and cash equivalents$104,203$192,825
Restricted cash and restricted investments74,29330,632
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows$178,496$223,457

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less an allowance for any potential uncollectible amounts. We make estimates for the allowance for doubtful accounts and allowance for unbilled receivables based upon our assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the accounts receivable balances, credit quality of our customers, current economic conditions, and other factors that may affect our ability to collect from customers. See Note 6 for additional discussion regarding accounts receivable and allowances.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment are computed using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the lease term. The following summarizes the estimated useful lives by asset classification:

Computer hardware3 years
Computer software1 year
Furniture and equipment3 - 7 years
Internal-use software development costs5 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of useful life or remaining lease term

When an item is sold or retired, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization is eliminated and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is recorded in loss on disposal of non-strategic assets on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

We periodically review the carrying value of our long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. For long-lived assets to be held and used, impairments are recognized when the carrying amount of a long-lived asset group is not recoverable and exceeds fair value. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset group is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. An impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset group exceeds its fair value.

Software Development Costs

The Company capitalizes the cost of developing internal-use software, consisting primarily of personnel and related expenses (including employee taxes and benefits) for employees and third parties who devote time to their respective projects. Internal-use software costs are capitalized during the application development stage – when the research stage is complete and management has committed to a project to develop software that will be used for its intended purpose. Any costs incurred during subsequent efforts to significantly upgrade and enhance the functionality of the software are also capitalized. Capitalized software costs are included in property and equipment, net on our consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of internal-use software costs are recorded on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life and begin once the project is substantially complete and the software is ready for its intended purpose.

Companies acquired during each reporting period are reflected in the results of the Company effective from their respective dates of acquisition through the end of the reporting period. The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. Critical estimates used to value certain identifiable assets include, but are not limited to, expected long-term revenues, future expected operating expenses, cost of capital and appropriate discount rates.

The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquired entity is recorded as goodwill. If the Company obtains new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded on the Company's consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

For contingent consideration recorded as a liability, the Company initially measures the amount at fair value as of the acquisition date and adjusts the liability to fair value at each reporting period. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration, other than measurement period adjustments, are recognized in operating expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred. See Note 4 for additional discussion regarding business combinations.

Equity Method Investments

For entities that are not consolidated, but where the Company has significant influence over the operating or financial decisions of the entity, the Company accounts for the investment under the equity method of accounting. In accordance with the equity method of accounting, the Company will recognize its share of earnings or losses of the investee in the period in which they are reported by the investee. The Company also considers whether there are any indicators of other-than-temporary impairment of its investments accounted for under the equity method. These investments are included in investments in equity method investees on the consolidated balance sheets with income or loss included in gain from equity method investees on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). See Note 17 for additional discussion regarding our equity method investments.

We recognize the excess of the purchase price, plus the fair value of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized, but is reviewed at least annually for indications of impairment, with consideration given to financial performance and other relevant factors. We perform impairment tests of goodwill at a reporting unit level on October 31 of each year. We perform impairment tests between annual tests if an event occurs, or circumstances change, that we believe would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.

Our goodwill impairment analysis first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances existed that would lead the Company to conclude it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is below its carrying amount. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is below the carrying amount, a quantitative goodwill assessment is required. In the quantitative evaluation, the fair value of our reporting unit is determined and compared to the carrying value. If the fair value is greater than the carrying value, then the carrying value is deemed to be recoverable and no further action is required. If the fair value estimate is less than the carrying value, goodwill is considered impaired for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds our reporting unit’s fair value and a charge is reported in goodwill impairment on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). See Note 8 for additional discussion regarding the goodwill impairment test conducted during 2024 and 2023.

Intangible Assets, Net

Identified intangible assets are recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition and are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives using a method of amortization that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are used.

The following summarizes the estimated useful lives by asset classification:

Customer relationships11 - 25 years
Technology5 years
Provider network contracts2 - 5 years

As part of the organizational changes as a result of growth in our value-based specialty care business, we will sunset several corporate trade names and replace them with Evolent signifying our adoption and launch of a unified brand. As a result, we accelerated amortization such that all corporate trade names were fully amortized by December 2024.

Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment if circumstances indicate the Company may not be able to recover the asset’s carrying value. The Company evaluates recoverability by determining whether the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of that asset or group exceed the carrying value at the evaluation date. If the undiscounted cash flows are not sufficient to cover the carrying value, the Company measures an impairment loss as the excess of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or group over its fair value. See Note 8 for additional discussion regarding our intangible assets.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs consist primarily of personnel and related expenses (including stock-based compensation and employee taxes and benefits) for employees engaged in research and development activities as well as third-party fees. All such costs are expensed as incurred. We focus our research and development efforts on activities that support our technology infrastructure, clinical program development, data analytics and network development capabilities. Research and development costs are recorded within cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Reserves for Claims and Performance-based Arrangements

Reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements reflect estimates of payments under performance-based arrangements and the ultimate cost of claims that have been incurred but not reported, including expected development on reported claims, those that have been reported but not yet paid (reported claims in process) and other medical care expenses and services payable that are primarily composed of accruals for incentives and other amounts payable to health care professionals and facilities. The Company uses actuarial principles and assumptions that are consistently applied in each reporting period and recognizes the actuarial best estimate of the ultimate liability along with a margin for adverse deviation. This approach is consistent with actuarial standards of practice that the liabilities be adequate under moderately adverse conditions.

The process of estimating reserves involves a considerable degree of judgment by the Company and, as of any given date, is inherently uncertain. The methods for making such estimates and for establishing the resulting liability are continually reviewed and adjustments are reflected in current results of operations in the period in which they are identified as experience develops or new information becomes known. See Note 22 for additional discussion regarding our reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements.

Right of Offset

Certain customer arrangements give the Company the legal right to net payment for amounts due from customers and claims payable. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, approximately 67% and 57%, respectively, of gross accounts receivable has been netted against claims payable in lieu of cash receipt. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2024, approximately 23% of our accounts receivable, net could ultimately be settled on a net basis, once the criteria for netting have been met. Additionally, the Company offsets its accounts receivable and claims reserve under its total cost of care management solution.

Long-term Debt

Convertible notes and amounts borrowed under our Credit Agreement are carried at cost, net of debt discounts and issuance costs, as long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheets. The debt discounts and issuance costs are amortized to interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) using the effective interest rate method. Cash interest payments are due either quarterly or semi-annually in arrears and we accrue interest expense monthly based on the annual coupon rate. See Note 9 for further discussion regarding our convertible notes and Credit Agreement.

Leases

The Company enters into various office space, data center and equipment lease agreements in conducting its normal business operations. At the inception of any contract, the Company evaluates the agreement to determine whether the contract contains a lease. If the contract contains a lease, the Company then evaluates the term and whether the lease is an operating or finance lease. Most leases includeone or more options to renew or may have a termination option. The Company determines whether these options are reasonably certain to be exercised at the inception of the lease. The rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) over the terms of the respective leases. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheets.

As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. Further, the Company treats all lease and non-lease components as a single combined lease component for all classes of underlying assets.

The Company also enters into sublease agreements for some of its leased office space. Rental income attributable to subleases is immaterial and is offset against rent expense over the terms of the respective leases.

The Company reviews long-lived assets, which include operating lease right-of-use asset assets, for impairment when facts or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If impairment indicators are present and the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the assets, the carrying values are reduced to the estimated fair value. Fair values are determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows and external market data, as applicable.

Refer to Note 11 for additional lease disclosures.

Revenue Recognition

Our revenue contracts are typically multi-year arrangements with customers to provide solutions designed to lower the medical expenses of our partners and include our total cost of care management and specialty care management services solutions, provide comprehensive health plan operations and claims processing services, and also include transition or run-out services to customers.

We use the following 5-step model, outlined in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), to determine revenue recognition from our contracts with customers:

Identify the contract(s) with a customer

Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Determine the transaction price

Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations

Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

See Note 5 for further discussion of our policies related to revenue recognition.

Cost of Revenue

Our cost of revenue includes direct expenses and shared resources that perform services in direct support of partners. Costs consist primarily of employee-related expenses (including compensation, payroll taxes, benefits and stock-based compensation), expenses for TPA support and other services, as well as other professional fees and technology services. In certain cases, our cost of revenue also includes claims and capitation payments to providers and payments for pharmaceutical treatments and other health care expenditures through capitated arrangements.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist of employee-related expenses (including compensation, benefits and stock-based compensation) for selling and marketing, corporate development, finance, legal, human resources, corporate information technology, professional fees and other corporate expenses associated with these functional areas. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include costs associated with our centralized infrastructure and research and development activities to support our network development capabilities, claims processing services, including PBM administration, technology infrastructure, clinical program development and data analytics.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company sponsors a stock-based incentive plan that provides for the issuance of stock-based awards to employees, vendors and non-employee directors of the Company or its consolidated subsidiaries. Our stock-based awards vest over athree orfour-year period and stock options expire 10 years from the date of grant. We expense the fair value of stock-based awards granted under our incentive compensation plans. The fair value of the awards is expensed over the performance or service period, which generally corresponds to the vesting period, on a straight-line basis and is recognized as an increase to additional paid-in capital. Stock-based compensation expense is reflected in cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). We recognize share-based award forfeitures as they occur.

Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes are recognized, based on enacted rates, when assets and liabilities have different values for financial statement and tax reporting purposes. A valuation allowance is recorded to the extent required. Considerable judgment and the use of estimates are required in determining whether a valuation allowance is necessary and, if so, the amount of such valuation allowance. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, we consider many factors, including: the nature and character of the deferred tax assets and liabilities; taxable income in prior carryback years; future reversals of temporary differences; the length of time carryovers can be utilized; and any tax planning strategies we would employ to avoid a tax benefit from expiring unused. We use a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. We recognize interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax exposures as a component of income tax expense, when applicable. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, our identified balance of uncertain income tax positions would not have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements. We are subject to taxation in various jurisdictions in the United States, India and the Philippines and remain subject to examination by taxing jurisdictions for the year 2011 and all subsequent periods due to the availability of NOL carryforwards.

Loss per Common Share

Basic loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss available to Class A common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc. by the weighted-average number of Class A common shares outstanding. For periods of net income, and when the effects are not anti-dilutive, we calculate diluted earnings per share by dividing net income available to Class A common shareholders by the weighted average number of Class A common shares plus the weighted average number of Class A common shares assuming the conversion of our convertible notes, as well as the impact of all potential dilutive common shares, consisting primarily of common stock options and unvested restricted stock awards using the treasury stock method and our Series A Preferred Stock. For periods of net loss, shares used in the diluted loss per share calculation represent basic shares as using potentially dilutive shares would be anti-dilutive.

Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. Our consolidated balance sheets include various financial instruments (primarily cash not held in money market funds, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities) that are carried at cost which approximates fair value. Refer to Note 18 for further discussion regarding fair value measurement.

Convertible Preferred Equity

Our shares of Convertible Preferred Equity are classified within temporary equity, as events outside the Company’s control triggers such shares to become redeemable. Costs associated with the issuance of redeemable preferred stock are presented as discounts to the carrying value of the redeemable preferred stock and are amortized using the effective interest method, over the term of the Convertible Preferred Equity. Refer to Note 12 for further discussion of our Convertible Preferred Equity.

Note 3. Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-07"), which enhances the disclosures required for operating segments in the Company's annual and interim consolidated financial statements, including those companies with a single operating segment. ASU 2023-07 is effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 for the year ended December 31, 2024. See Note 21 for segment disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 includes requirements that an entity disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that are greater than five percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income (or loss) by the applicable statutory income tax rate. The standard also requires that entities disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) and income tax expense (or benefit) each disaggregated between domestic and foreign. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently assessing the impact of ASU 2023-09, but does not expect the adoption to have a significant impact to our income tax disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires additional disclosure of specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2024-03 may be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application for all prior periods presented. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on the Company's current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) “Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments” to clarify the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. Under the amendments, to account for a settlement of a convertible debt instrument as an induced conversion, an inducement offer is required to provide the debt holder with, at a minimum, the consideration (in form and amount) issuable under the conversion privileges provided in the terms of the instrument. An entity should assess whether this criterion is satisfied as of the date the inducement offer is accepted by the holder. If, when applying this criterion, the convertible debt instrument had been exchanged or modified (without being deemed substantially different) within the one-year period leading up to the offer acceptance date, an entity should compare the terms provided in the inducement offer with the terms that existed one year before the offer acceptance date. The amendments in this update also clarify that the induced conversion guidance applies to a convertible debt instrument that is not currently convertible as long as it had a substantive conversion feature as of both its issuance date and the date the inducement offer is accepted. The amendments are effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company is examining the impact this pronouncement may have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 4. Transactions

Machinify

On August 1, 2024, the Company completed its acquisition of certain assets of Machinify, Inc. and the exclusive, perpetual and royalty-free license of Machinify Auth, a software platform that leverages the latest advances in artificial intelligence (“Machinify”). The acquisition consideration was $28.5 million which included $19.5 million of cash, $11.0 million which was paid upon closing and $8.5 million which was paid on November 1, 2024, as well as an earn-out consisting of additional consideration of up to $12.5 million payable in cash or shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at the election of the Company in the second quarter of 2025. As of August 1, 2024, the contingent consideration was fair valued at $9.0 million. See Note 18 for additional information regarding the fair value determination of the earn-out consideration.

The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of August 1, 2024, as follows (in thousands):

Purchase consideration:
Cash$19,500
Fair value of contingent consideration9,000
Total consideration$28,500
Identifiable intangible assets acquired:
Technology$7,700
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired7,700
Liabilities assumed:
Accrued compensation and employee benefits9
Total liabilities assumed9
Goodwill20,809
Net assets acquired$28,500

Identifiable intangible assets associated with technology will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their preliminary estimated useful lives of 5 years. The fair value of the intangible assets was determined using the replacement cost method which involves estimating an asset’s value by the cost to replace the asset with a similar asset in a similar condition on the closing date of the transaction. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the total consideration and the fair value of the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the acquisition. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.

National Imaging Associates Inc.

On January 20, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of NIA, including all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of NIA as well as certain assets held by Magellan Health, Inc. (“Magellan”) and certain of its subsidiaries that were used in the Magellan Specialty Health division. NIA is a specialty benefit management organization that focuses on managing cost and quality in the areas of radiology, musculoskeletal, physical medicine and genetics. The transaction is expected to accelerate our strategy to become a leading provider of value-based specialty care solutions as well as diversify our revenue streams with a larger customer portfolio.

Total acquisition consideration, net of cash on hand and certain closing adjustments, was $715.7 million, based on the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the NYSE on January 20, 2023. The acquisition consideration consisted of approximately $387.8 million of cash consideration (inclusive of certain post-closing adjustments),8.5 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, fair valued at $261.3 million as of January 20, 2023, and an earn-out consisting of additional consideration of up to $150.0 million payable in cash and, at the Company’s election, up to 50% in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. As of January 20, 2023, the contingent consideration was fair valued at $66.6 million. See Note 18 for additional information regarding the fair value determination of the earn-out consideration.

The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of January 20, 2023 as follows (in thousands):

Purchase consideration:
Cash$387,823
Fair value of Class A common stock issued261,271
Fair value of contingent consideration66,600
Total consideration$715,694
Tangible assets acquired:
Accounts receivable$28,065
Prepaid expenses and other current assets675
Total tangible assets acquired28,740
Identifiable intangible assets acquired:
Customer relationships345,100
Technology50,700
Corporate trade name8,200
Total identifiable intangible assets acquired404,000
Liabilities assumed:
Accrued liabilities5,409
Accrued compensation and employee benefits6,173
Deferred tax liabilities, net100,486
Deferred revenue142
Total liabilities assumed112,210
Goodwill (1)395,164
Net assets acquired$715,694

(1)Goodwill acquired does not include $1.0 million of measurement period adjustments and $2.4 million in goodwill written off upon disposal of non-strategic assets.

The fair value of the receivables acquired, as shown in the table above, approximates the gross contractual amounts and is expected to be collectible in full. Identifiable intangible assets associated with customer relationships, technology and the corporate trade name will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their preliminary estimated useful lives of 15 years,5 years and 2 years, respectively. The customer relationships are primarily attributable to existing contracts with current customers. The technology consists primarily of proprietary software that supports NIA’s core business applications and specialty business. The corporate trade name reflects the value that we believe the NIA brand name carries in the market, however due to organization changes we retired the NIA trade name in December 2024. The fair value of the intangible assets was determined using the income approach and the relief from royalty approach. The income approach estimates fair value for an asset based on the present value of cash flows projected to be generated by the asset. Projected cash flows are discounted at a required rate of return that reflects the relative risk of achieving the cash flows and the time value of money. The relief from royalty approach estimates the fair value of an asset by calculating how much an entity would have to spend to lease a similar asset. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the total consideration and the fair value of the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the acquisition. The Company received carryover tax basis in the assets and liabilities acquired; accordingly, the Company recognized net deferred tax liabilities associated with the difference between the book basis and the tax basis for the assets and liabilities acquired. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Additionally, a tax benefit of $56.1 million was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2023, to account for the valuation allowance release primarily related to the acquired intangible assets, which resulted in a deferred tax liability that provided a source of income supporting realization of other deferred tax assets.

Note 5. Revenue Recognition

Our revenue contracts are typically multi-year arrangements with customers to provide solutions designed to lower the medical expenses of our partners and include our total cost of care management and specialty care management services solutions, provide comprehensive health plan operations and claims processing services, and also include transition or run-out services to customers.

Our performance obligation in these arrangements is to provide an integrated suite of services, including access to our platform that is customized to meet the specialized needs of our partners and providers. Generally, we will apply the series guidance to the performance obligation as we have determined that each time increment is distinct. We primarily utilize a variable fee structure for these services that typically includes a monthly payment that is calculated based on a specified per member per month rate, multiplied by the number of members that our partners are managing under a value-based care arrangement or a percentage of plan premiums. Our arrangements may also include other variable fees related to service level agreements, shared medical savings arrangements and other performance measures. Variable consideration is estimated using the most likely amount based on our historical experience and best judgment at the time. Due to the nature of our arrangements, certain estimates may be constrained if it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will occur when the uncertainty is resolved. We recognize revenue over time using the time elapsed output method. Fixed consideration is recognized ratably over the contract term. In accordance with the series guidance, we allocate variable consideration to the period to which the fees relate. Our revenue includes certain services which are billed on a per-case basis.

Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations

Our contracts with customers may contain multiple performance obligations, primarily when the partner has requested both administrative services and other services such as our specialty care management or total cost of care management services as these services are distinct from one another. When a contract has multiple performance obligations, we allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price using the expected cost margin approach. This approach requires estimates regarding both the level of effort it will take to satisfy the performance obligation as well as fees that will be received under the variable pricing model. We also take into consideration customer demographics, current market conditions, the scope of services and our overall pricing strategy and objectives when determining the standalone selling price.

Principal vs. Agent

We use third parties to assist in satisfying our performance obligations. In order to determine whether we are the principal or agent in the arrangement, we review each third-party relationship on a contract-by-contract basis. As we integrate goods and services provided by third parties into our overall service, we control the services provided to the customer prior to its delivery. As such, we are the principal and we will recognize revenue on a gross basis. In certain cases, we do not control the services from third parties before it is delivered to the customer, thereby recognizing revenue on a net basis.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table represents Evolent’s revenue disaggregated by line of business and product type (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Medicaid$862,401$785,053$559,362
Medicare1,045,921708,853458,413
Commercial and other646,419469,990334,238
Total$2,554,741$1,963,896$1,352,013
Performance Suite$1,801,879$1,214,661$808,642
Specialty Technology and Services Suite338,306296,36651,898
Administrative Services238,036296,244407,523
Cases176,520156,62583,950
Total$2,554,741$1,963,896$1,352,013

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

For contracts with a term greater than one year, we have allocated approximately $18.7 million of transaction price to performance obligations that are unsatisfied as of December 31, 2024. We do not include variable consideration that is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation accounted for under the series guidance in the calculation. As a result, the balance represents the value of the fixed consideration in our long-term contracts that we expect will be recognized as revenue in a future period and excludes the majority of our revenue, which is primarily derived based on variable consideration as discussed in Note 2. We expect to recognize revenue on approximately 100% of these remaining performance obligations by December 31, 2025. However, because our existing contracts may be canceled or renegotiated including for reasons outside our control, the amount of revenue that we actually receive may be more or less than this estimate and the timing of recognition may not be as expected.

Contract Balances

Contract balances consist of accounts receivable, contract assets and deferred revenue. Contract assets are recorded when the right to consideration for services is conditional on something other than the passage of time. Contract assets relating to unbilled receivables are transferred to accounts receivable when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. We classify contract assets as current or non-current based on the timing of our rights to the unconditional payments. Our contract assets are generally classified as current and recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Our current accounts receivables are classified within accounts receivable, net on our consolidated balance sheets and our non-current accounts receivable are classified within prepaid expenses and other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred revenue includes advance customer payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. We classify deferred revenue as current or non-current based on the timing of when we expect to recognize revenue. Our current deferred revenue is recorded within deferred revenue on our consolidated balance sheets and non-current deferred revenue is recorded within other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and deferred revenue from contracts with customers as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

December 31,
20242023
Short-term receivables (1)$413,346$446,220
Short-term deferred revenue2,5075,976
Long-term deferred revenue—1,173

(1)Excludes pharmacy rebate receivable and pharmacy claims receivable.

Changes in deferred revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred revenue
Balance as of beginning-of-period$7,149
Reclassification to revenue, as a result of performance obligations satisfied(5,672)
Cash received in advance of satisfaction of performance obligations1,030
Balance as of end of period$2,507

The amount of revenue, excluding customer discounts of $7.7 million and $6.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in a previous period was $23.0 million, $37.2 million and $36.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, due primarily to retroactive contract amendments offset by net gain share as well as changes in other estimates.

Contract Cost Assets

Certain bonuses and commissions earned by our sales team are considered incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that we expect to be recoverable. The capitalized contract acquisition costs are classified as non-current assets and recorded within contract cost assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Amortization expense is recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $2.9 million and $2.8 million, respectively, of contract acquisition cost assets, net of accumulated amortization recorded in contract cost assets on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Company recorded amortization expense of $1.1 million, $1.8 million and $3.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

In our revenue contracts, we incur certain costs related to the implementation of our platform before we begin to satisfy our performance obligation to the customer. The costs, which we expect to recover, are considered costs to fulfill a contract. Our contract fulfillment costs primarily include our employee labor costs and third-party vendor costs. The capitalized contract fulfillment costs are classified as non-current and recorded within contract cost assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Amortization expense is recorded within cost of revenue on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $10.4 million and $9.3 million, respectively, of contract fulfillment cost assets, net of accumulated amortization recorded in contract cost assets on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, the Company recorded amortization expense including the acceleration of amortization of contract costs for certain customers of $3.7 million, $9.2 million and $20.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

These costs are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit that we have determined to be the shorter of the contract term orfive years. The period of benefit is based on our technology, the nature of our partner arrangements and other factors.

Note 6. Credit Losses

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our accounts receivable from revenue transactions, investments held at amortized cost and other notes receivable. We estimate expected credit losses based on past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Expected credit losses are measured over the remaining contractual life of these assets. As part of our consideration of current and forward-looking economic conditions, current inflationary pressures on our customers’ and other third parties’ ability to pay, we did observe a modest decrease in delinquencies with certain partners’ mainly due to timing of payments which resulted in a higher provision for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Accounts Receivable from Revenue Transactions

Accounts receivable represent the amounts owed to the Company for goods or services provided to customers or third parties. Current accounts receivables are classified within accounts receivable, net on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, while non-current accounts receivables are classified within prepaid expenses and other noncurrent assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through active review of counterparty balances against contract terms, due dates and business strategy. Our activities include timely account reconciliation, dispute resolution and payment confirmation. In addition, the Company will establish a general reserve based on delinquency rates. Historical loss rates are determined for each delinquency bucket in 30-day past-due intervals and then applied to the composition of the reporting date balance based on delinquency. The allowance implied from application of the historical loss rates is then adjusted, as necessary, for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

The following table compiles the percentages of outstanding accounts receivable based on our aging analysis of our trade accounts receivable, non-trade accounts receivable and contract assets (in thousands):

December 31,
20242023
Current54%54%
Past due 1-60 days15%17%
Past due 61+ days31%29%
Accounts receivable, net of allowance$420,914$472,350

The following table summarizes the changes in allowance for credit losses on our accounts receivables, certain non-trade accounts receivable and contract assets (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance as of beginning of period$(16,361)$(10,180)
Acquisitions—(240)
Provision for credit losses(4,803)(10,773)
Charge-offs(1)5,7964,832
Balance as of end of period$(15,368)$(16,361)

(1)Charge-offs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are primarily related to balances written-off that were previously reserved.

Note 7. Property and Equipment, Net

The following summarizes our property and equipment (in thousands):

December 31,
20242023
Computer hardware$14,734$21,501
Furniture and equipment9831,297
Internal-use software development costs235,831212,913
Leasehold improvements1,4791,052
Total property and equipment253,027236,763
Accumulated depreciation expense(179,876)(158,569)
Total property and equipment, net$73,151$78,194

The Company capitalized $22.9 million, $23.8 million and $29.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, of internal-use software development costs. The net book value of capitalized internal-use software development costs was $68.7 million and $70.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $30.3 million, $32.4 million and $32.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, of which amortization expense related to capitalized internal-use software development costs was $25.6 million, $26.7 million and $27.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively.

Note 8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill has an estimated indefinite life and is not amortized; rather, it is reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable.

Our annual goodwill impairment review occurs on October 31 of each fiscal year. We evaluate qualitative factors that could cause us to believe the estimated fair value of our reporting unit may be lower than the carrying value and trigger a quantitative assessment, including, but not limited to (i) macroeconomic conditions, (ii) industry and market considerations, (iii) our overall financial performance, including an analysis of our current and projected cash flows, revenues and earnings, (iv) a sustained decrease in share price and (v) other relevant entity-specific events including changes in management, strategy, partners, or litigation.

2024 Goodwill Impairment Test

The Company elected to forego the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative assessment of the goodwill impairment test for our sole reporting unit. To determine the implied fair value for our single reporting unit, we used a discounted cash flow valuation approach (“income approach”). In determining the estimated fair value using the income approach, we projected future cash flows based on management’s estimates and long-term plans and applied a discount rate based on the Company’s weighted average cost of capital. This analysis required us to make judgments about revenues, expenses, fixed asset and working capital requirements, applicable tax rates, capital market assumptions and other subjective inputs. In our quantitative assessment, the most sensitive assumption related to the income approach, other than the projected cash flows, was the discount rate. A significant increase in the discount rate in isolation would result in a significantly lower fair value. The concluded fair value under the income approach exceeded carrying value of consolidated total assets by approximately $336.0 million, or 13.6%, as of October 31, 2024. As fair value was greater than carrying value under the income approach, goodwill was not impaired as of October 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, Evolent assessed whether there were events or changes in circumstances that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its goodwill below its carrying amount and require an additional impairment test. The Company determined there had been no such indicators. Therefore, it was unnecessary to perform an additional goodwill impairment assessment as of December 31, 2024.

2023 Goodwill Impairment Test

On October 31, 2023, the Company performed its annual goodwill impairment review for fiscal year 2023. In addition, the Company underwent organizational changes which required a reassessment of reporting units. As a result, the Company determined it hasone reporting unit. Based on our qualitative assessment, we did not identify sufficient indicators of impairment that would suggest the fair value of our reporting unit was below its respective carrying values. As a result, a quantitative goodwill impairment analysis was not required.

Change in Goodwill

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, for the periods presented (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Balance, beginning of period$1,116,542$722,774$426,297
Goodwill acquired (1)20,809395,164296,597
Measurement period adjustment—971—
Goodwill disposal (2)—(2,363)—
Foreign currency translation(31)(4)(120)
Balance, end of period$1,137,320$1,116,542$722,774

(1)Goodwill acquired from the addition of IPG in August 2022, NIA in January 2023 and Machinify in August 2024 as described in Note 4.

(2)Goodwill written-off upon disposal of non-strategic assets.

Intangible Assets, Net

Details of our intangible assets (in thousands, except weighted-average useful lives) are presented below:

December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Weighted- Average Remaining Useful LifeGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying ValueWeighted- Average Remaining Useful LifeGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
Corporate trade name0.0$51,965$51,965$—1.0$51,965$30,288$21,677
Customer relationships13.5806,668186,377620,29114.5806,668139,150667,518
Technology3.0169,715117,92451,7913.8162,015101,56660,449
Below market lease, net0.01,2181,218—0.01,2181,218—
Provider network contracts4.826,52218,4488,0741.118,05415,6892,365
Total intangible assets, net$1,056,088$375,932$680,156$1,039,920$287,911$752,009

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $88.1 million, $91.0 million and $35.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively.

Future estimated amortization of intangible assets (in thousands) as of December 31, 2024, is as follows:

2025$66,203
202665,953
202763,211
202851,277
202948,864
Thereafter384,648
Total future amortization of intangible assets$680,156

As part of the organizational changes as a result of growth in our value-based specialty care business, we will sunset several corporate trade names and replace them with Evolent signifying our adoption and launch of a unified brand. As a result, we accelerated amortization such that all corporate trade names were fully amortized by December 2024.

Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment if circumstances indicate the Company may not be able to recover the assets’ carrying value. We did not identify any circumstances during the year ended December 31, 2024 that require an impairment test for our intangible assets.

Note 9. Long-term Debt

Terms of Convertible Senior Notes

The Company issued $117.1 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 in August 2020 (the “2024 Notes”) in privately negotiated exchange and/or subscription agreements, $172.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2025 in October 2018 (the “2025 Notes”) in private placements to qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act and $402.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 in December 2023 (the “2029 Notes,” and together with the 2024 Notes and 2025 Notes, the “Convertible Senior Notes”), in private placements to qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A under the Securities Act. All 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes will mature on the date in the table below, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted in accordance with their respective terms prior to such date. The Company redeemed all outstanding 2024 Notes on October 13, 2023.

The Convertible Senior Notes are recorded on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets at their net carrying values. All of our Convertible Senior Notes also have embedded conversion options and contingent interest provisions, which have not been recorded as separate financial instruments and their fair values are Level 2 inputs. Refer to Note 18 for additional discussion on the fair value classifications of our Convertible Senior Notes.

The 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of the Company's Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company's Class A common stock, at the Company's election, based on an initial conversion rate of Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of the Company’s Class A common stock. In the aggregate, the 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes are initially convertible into 20.3 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. The conversion rate may be adjusted under certain circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash or shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s election.

The following table summarizes the terms of our Convertible Senior Notes as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands, except per share conversion rates and prices):

2025 Notes2029 Notes
Aggregate principal amount at issuance$172,500$402,500
Interest rate per annum1.5%3.5%
Debt issuance costs$5,929$11,598
Net proceeds$166,571$390,902
Issuance dateOctober 22, 2018December 8, 2023
Maturity dateOctober 15, 2025December 1, 2029
Interest payment dates (1)April 15 and October 15June 1 and December 1
Conversion rate per $1,000 of principal29.913526.3125
Conversion price$33.43$38.00
Shares issuable upon conversion(2)5,16010,592
Carrying value$171,467$392,916
Unamortized debt discount and issuance costs1,0339,584
Outstanding principal$172,500$402,500
Remaining amortization period (years)0.84.9
Fair value (3)$167,180$344,403

(1)Holders of the Convertible Senior Notes are entitled to cash payments, which are payable semiannually in arrears on the dates indicated above.

(2)Measured in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and represents the number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that the Convertible Senior Notes are convertible into as of December 31, 2024. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash or shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s election.

(3)Fair values for notes are derived from available trading prices closest to the respective balance sheet date.

Holders of the 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes may require the Company to repurchase all or part of their notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at a price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the notes being repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2025

Notes, at its option if the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock has been at least 130.0% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding April 15, 2025, the 2025 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders only upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. At any time on or after April 15, 2025, until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2025 Notes may convert, at their option, all or any portion of their 2025 Notes at the conversion rate.

The Company may not redeem the 2029 Notes prior to December 6, 2026. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2029 Notes, at its option, on or after December 6, 2026, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock has been at least 130.0% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides notice of redemption, at a redemption price equal to 100.0% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding September 1, 2029, the 2029 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders only upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. At any time on or after September 1, 2029, until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders of the 2029 Notes may convert, at their option, all or any portion of their 2029 Notes at the conversion rate.

2024 Notes Exchange and Redemption

On August 2, 2023, the Company issued a notice of redemption to the holders of its outstanding 2024 Notes, pursuant to which it redeemed the outstanding 2024 Notes for cash at a price of 100% of the principal amount of the 2024 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on October 13, 2023 (the “Redemption Date”). Prior to the Redemption Date, holders of the 2024 Notes were entitled to convert to shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a rate of 55.6153 shares per $1,000 principal amount of 2024 Notes.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, holders of the 2024 Notes converted $23.3 million in aggregate principal amount of such notes to 1.3 million shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and the Company repaid the remaining $1.0 million balance in cash, satisfying all of the Company’s remaining payment obligations under the 2024 Notes on the Redemption Date.

2029 Notes Issuance

In December 2023, the Company issued $402.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 2029 Notes in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers within the meaning of Rule 144A of the Securities Act. The 2029 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.00% of par for net proceeds of approximately $390.9 million, after deducting fees and estimated expenses. We incurred $11.6 million of debt issuance costs in connection with the 2029 Notes.

2022 Credit Agreement

On August 1, 2022 (the “IPG Closing Date”), the Company entered into a credit agreement, by and among the Company, Evolent Health LLC, as administrative borrower (the “ Borrower”), certain subsidiaries of the Company, as co-borrowers and guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto, and Ares Capital Corporation (“Ares”), as administrative agent, collateral agent and revolver agent (as modified by Amendment No. 1 and Amendment No. 2 (each, as defined below), the “Existing Credit Agreement” and as modified by Amendment No. 3 (as defined below), the “Credit Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders agreed to extend credit to the Borrower in the form of (i) initial term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $175.0 million (the “Initial Term Loan Facility”) and (ii) asset-based revolving credit commitments in an aggregate principal amount of $50.0 million (the “Initial Revolving Facility”), the availability of which shall be determined by reference to the lesser of $50.0 million and a borrowing base calculation. The Borrowers borrowed full amount under the Initial Term Loan Facility and the Initial Revolving Facility on the IPG Closing Date. A closing fee of (a)2.00% of the aggregate amount of the commitments in respect of the Initial Term Loan Facility and (b)2.00% of the aggregate amount of the commitments in respect of the Initial Revolving Facility was paid as of the IPG Closing Date.

On January 20, 2023 (“the NIA Closing Date”), the Company entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement (“Amendment No. 1”), pursuant to which the lenders agreed to extend credit to the Borrower in the form of (i) additional commitments under the Company’s existing asset-based revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $25.0 million (the “2023 Revolver Increase”), and (ii) additional term loans in an aggregate principal amount equal to $240.0 million, (the “2023 Additional Term Loans”). The Borrowers borrowed the full amount under the Incremental Term Loan Facility and the Incremental Revolving Facility on the NIA Closing Date to finance, together with the proceeds from the sale of the Series A Preferred Stock, the cash consideration payable in connection with the NIA acquisition on the NIA Closing Date and pay transaction fees and expenses. A closing fee of (a)3.00% of the aggregate amount of the commitments in respect of the Incremental Term Loan Facility and (b)3.00% of the aggregate amount of the commitments in respect of the Incremental Revolving Facility was paid as of the NIA Closing Date.

On December 5, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Amendment No. 2”) to the Credit Agreement pursuant to which the lenders agreed to certain mechanical changes necessary to permit issuance by the Company of additional unsecured convertible notes.

On December 6, 2024 (the “Amendment No. 3 Effective Date”), the Company entered into Amendment No. 3 (“Amendment No. 3”) to the Credit Agreement that provides new secured debt financing in the form of (i) additional commitments under the Company’s existing asset-based revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $50.0 million (the “2024 Revolver Increase”, and together with the Initial Revolving Facility and the 2023 Revolver Increase, the “Revolving Facility”), (ii) a new delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $125.0 million (the “2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility”), and (iii) a new delayed draw term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount equal to $75.0 million (the “2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility” and together with the 2024 Revolver Increase and the 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility, the “2024 Incremental Facilities”; the Initial Term Loan Facility, the 2023 Additional Term Loans, the 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility and the 2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility are collectively referred to herein as the “Term Loan Facility”; the Revolving Facility and the Term Loan Facility are collectively referred to herein as the “Credit Facilities”), and effected certain amendments to the Existing Credit Agreement. The Borrower paid closing fees equal to 1.00% of the aggregate commitments provided in respect of the 2024 Incremental Facilities on the date the commitment letter in respect of the 2024 Incremental Facilities was executed. The Borrowers borrowed the full amount under the 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility and the 2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility on January 29, 2025 to fund general corporate purposes, including working capital and the management of future liabilities. The Borrower paid upfront fees equal to 1.00% of the aggregate commitments of the 2024 Revolver Increase Facility on the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date and upfront fees equal to 2.00% of the of the aggregate principal amount of the loans funded under the 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility and the 2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility on the applicable funding date.

All loans under the Credit Agreement (including loans under the 2024 Incremental Facilities and loans outstanding under the Existing Credit Agreement) (collectively, the “Loans”) will mature on the date that is the earliest of (a) December 6, 2029, (b) the date on which all amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement have been declared or have automatically become due and payable under the terms of the Credit Agreement, (c) the date that is one hundred eighty (180) days prior to the maturity date of the Company’s Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 and (d) the date that is ninety-one (91) days prior to the maturity date of any other Junior Debt (as defined in the Credit Agreement) unless certain liquidity conditions are satisfied.

The interest rate for all Loans will be calculated, at the option of the borrowers, (a) in the case of the Revolving Facility, at either the adjusted term SOFR rate plus 4.00%, or the base rate plus 3.00% and (b) in the case of the Term Loan Facility, at either the adjusted term SOFR rate plus 5.50% or the base rate plus 4.50%, subject to step downs based on a total secured leverage ratio.

The Credit Facilities are guaranteed by the Company and the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain customary exceptions. The Credit Facilities are secured by a first priority security interest in all of the capital stock of each borrower and guarantor (other than the Company) and substantially all of the assets of each borrower and guarantor, subject to certain customary exceptions.

Loans in respect of the Term Loan Facility outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be prepaid and commitments in respect of the Revolving Facility outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be terminated at the option of the Borrower subject to applicable premiums and a call protection premium payable on the amount prepaid or terminated, as applicable, in certain instances as follows: (1)2.00% of the principal amount so prepaid or terminated after the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date but prior to the first anniversary of the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date; (2)1.00% of the principal amount so prepaid or terminated after the first anniversary of the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date but prior to the second anniversary of the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date; and (3)0.00% of the principal amount so prepaid or terminated on or after the second anniversary of the Amendment No. 3 Effective Date.

The Borrowers will pay an unused line fee equal to 0.50% times the result of (i) the aggregate amount of the Revolving Facility, less (ii) the average Revolving Facility usage during the immediately preceding month (or portion thereof), which fee shall be due and payable quarterly in arrears, on the first day of each calendar quarter from and after the IPG Closing Date and on the date on which (X) the Credit Facilities are paid in full in cash and (y) the Revolving Facility is otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.

Loans under the 2024 Incremental Facilities are subject to the same security and guarantee arrangements and affirmative and negative covenants, mandatory prepayment provisions and events of default as loans outstanding under the Existing Credit Agreement, in each case, subject to certain modifications agreed by the parties. We incurred debt issuance costs of $14.6 million in connection with the Existing Credit Agreement and $3.4 million in connection with borrowings under the 2024 Incremental Facilities, respectively, which will be amortized into interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company borrowed $62.5 million under the Revolving Facility. As of December 31, 2024, there was $100.0 million outstanding under the Company’s Revolving Facility.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company prepaid $37.5 million under the Revolving Facility and $415.0 million of the Term Loan Facility that was utilized to acquire IPG and NIA. The total amount paid to Ares under the Credit Agreement in connection with the prepayment was $434.8 million, which included $415.0 million of principal, $9.1 million in accrued interest and $10.7 million in prepayment premium. In addition, the Company recognized $10.3 million of acceleration of amortization of deferred financing costs.

Interest Expense

Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs activity were as follows (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
2029 Notes
Interest expense$14,087$900$—
Amortization of debt issuance costs1,921122—
Interest expense for 2029 Notes$16,008$1,022$—
2022 Credit Agreement
Interest expense$4,500$46,538$7,939
Amortization of debt issuance costs3302,256433
Interest expense for 2022 Credit Agreement$4,830$48,794$8,372
2024 Notes
Interest expense$—$367$2,743
Amortization of debt issuance costs—148592
Interest expense for 2024 Notes$—$515$3,335
2025 Notes
Interest expense$2,588$2,588$2,588
Amortization of debt issuance costs1,2961,2861,277
Interest expense for 2025 Notes$3,884$3,874$3,865

Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Letters of Credit

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company was party to irrevocable standby letters of credit with a bank for $17.7 million and $17.9 million, respectively, for the benefit of regulatory authorities, real estate and risk-sharing agreements. As such, we held $18.5 million and $18.4 million, respectively, in restricted cash and restricted investments as collateral as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, inclusive of accrued interest. The letters of credit have current expiration dates between November 2025 and January 2026 and will automatically extend without amendment for an additionalone-year period and will continue to automatically extend after eachone-year term from the expiry date unless the bank elects not to extend beyond the initial or any extended expiry date.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company maintained various surety bonds totaling $15.3 million for the benefit of regulatory authorities and risk-sharing agreements. The surety bonds have expiration dates between May 2025 and December 2025 and automatically extend for additionalone-year periods.

Indemnifications

The Company’s customer agreements generally include a provision by which the Company agrees to defend its partners against third-party claims (a) for death, bodily injury, or damage to personal property caused by Company negligence or willful misconduct, (b) by former or current Company employees arising from such managed service agreements, (c) for intellectual property infringement under specified conditions and (d) for Company violation of applicable laws, and to indemnify them against any damages and costs awarded in connection with such claims. To date, the Company has not incurred any material costs as a result of such indemnities and has not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Guarantees

On July 16, 2020, EVH Passport, Evolent Health LLC and Molina Healthcare, Inc. (“Molina”) entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Molina APA”), which contemplated the sale by EVH Passport to Molina of certain assets, including certain intellectual property rights of EVH Passport and EVH Passport’s rights under the UHC’s Kentucky Medicaid Contract (the “Passport Medicaid Contract”). On September 1, 2020, EVH Passport and Molina consummated the transactions contemplated by the Molina APA (the “Molina Closing”) and the Passport Medicaid Contract was novated to Molina. In connection with the Molina Closing, the Company continued to provide administrative support services relating to the Passport Medicaid Contract to Molina through the end of 2020. Following the Molina Closing, EVH Passport began working with regulatory authorities including the Kentucky Department of Insurance (“KY DOI”) regarding the wind down of its operations throughout 2021, 2022 and a portion of 2023. The wind down process is now complete and on October 10, 2023, the KY DOI approved our application to surrender our certificate of authority. As part of that wind down process, the Company, as the parent of EVH Passport, entered into a guarantee for the benefit of the KY DOI to satisfy any EVH Passport liability or obligation in the event EVH Passport is not able to meet its wind down liabilities or obligations. As of December 31, 2024, no amounts have been funded under this guarantee.

UPMC Reseller Agreement

The Company and UPMC are parties to a reseller, services and non-competition agreement, dated August 31, 2011, which was amended and restated by the parties on June 27, 2013 (as amended through the date hereof, the “UPMC Reseller Agreement”). Under the terms of the UPMC Reseller Agreement, UPMC has appointed the Company as a non-exclusive reseller of certain services, subject to certain conditions and limitations specified in the UPMC Reseller Agreement. In consideration for the Company’s obligations under the UPMC Reseller Agreement and subject to certain conditions described therein, UPMC has agreed not to sell certain products and services directly to a defined list of 20 of the Company’s customers.

Tax Receivables Agreement

In connection with the Offering Reorganization, the Company entered into the Tax Receivables Agreement (the “TRA”) with certain of its investors, which provides for the payment by the Company to these investors of 85% of the amount of the tax benefits, if any, that the Company is deemed to realize as a result of increases in our tax basis related to exchanges of Class B common units as well as tax benefits attributable to the future utilization of pre-IPO NOLs.

The Company recognized a TRA liability of $108.1 million and $107.9 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which represents the Company’s estimate of the aggregate amount that it will pay under the TRA.

We will assess the realizability of the deferred tax assets at each reporting period, and a change in our estimate of our liability associated with the tax receivables agreement may result as additional information becomes available, including results of operations in future periods. The total amount of the TRA liability may vary due to changes in federal and state income tax rates and availability of net operating losses.

Contingencies

Litigation Matters

We are engaged from time to time in certain legal disputes arising in the ordinary course of business, including employment claims. When the likelihood of a loss contingency becomes probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a liability for the loss contingency. We continue to review accruals and adjust them to reflect ongoing negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other relevant information. To the extent new information is obtained, and our views on the probable outcomes of claims, suits, assessments, investigations or legal proceedings change, changes in our accrued liabilities would be recorded in the period in which such determination is made.

On June 8, 2021, a shareholder of the Company filed a derivative action in the Delaware Chancery Court against some current and former Board members and against the Company as a nominal defendant, alleging that the Company’s Board was negligent in its oversight of the Company’s relationship with University Healthcare, Inc d/b/a Passport Health Plan. The case is Lincolnshire Police Pension Fund, derivatively on behalf of Evolent Health, Inc., v. Blackley, Williams, Scott, Holder, Farner, D’Amato, Duffy, Felt, Samet, Hobart, and Payson, and Evolent Health, Inc. (the “Derivative Action”). The Company and the Director-Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on August 27, 2021, and Plaintiffs responded by filing an amended complaint on October 26, 2021. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on December 17, 2021. Plaintiffs filed a motion to dismiss the case without prejudice, which was granted by the Delaware Chancery Court on January 5, 2023. On April 6, 2023, a shareholder of the Company sent a letter to the Company’s Board (the “Demand”) requesting that the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), among other things, investigate alleged wrongdoing and commence litigation for breach of fiduciary duty against the individuals named as defendants in the Derivative Action. The Board considers it appropriate to investigate, evaluate, and consider the issues and matters raised in the Demand, and are working with outside counsel to do so. On February 15, 2024, the Board, following careful deliberation, responded that it was in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to refuse to take the actions, including commencing litigation, that were made in the Demand. The Company cannot currently estimate the loss or the range of possible losses it may experience in connection with this request.

Credit and Concentration Risk

The Company is subject to significant concentrations of credit risk related to cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 95.1% of our $178.5 million of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted investments were held in either bank deposits with FDIC participating banks or overnight sweep accounts invested in money-market funds and approximately 4.9% were held in international banks. While the Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions with high credit ratings, it often maintains these deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company is closely monitoring ongoing events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions or other companies in the financial services industry or the financial services industry generally. The Company has not experienced any realized losses on cash and cash equivalents to date; however, no assurances can be provided.

The Company is also subject to significant concentration of accounts receivable risk as a substantial portion of our trade accounts receivable is derived from a small number of our partners. The following table summarizes the partners who represented at least 10.0% of our consolidated short-term trade accounts receivable, excluding pharmacy claims receivable and premiums receivable:

December 31,
20242023
Cook County Health and Hospitals System45.8%46.9%

In addition, the Company is subject to significant concentration of revenue risk as a substantial portion of our revenue is derived from a small number of contractual relationships with our partners.

The following table summarizes those partners who represented at least 10.0% of our consolidated revenue:

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Cook County Health and Hospitals System11.5%15.7%22.4%
Florida Blue Medicare, Inc.12.9%10.4%11.5%
Humana Insurance Company19.3%12.0%*
Molina Healthcare, Inc.13.7%13.5%*

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from our largest partners. The loss, termination or renegotiation of our relationship or contract with any significant partner or multiple partners in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations.

Note 11. Leases

The Company enters into various office space, data center, and equipment lease agreements in conducting its normal business operations. At the inception of any contract, the Company evaluates the agreement to determine whether the contract contains a lease. If the contract contains a lease, the Company then evaluates the term and whether the lease is an operating or finance lease. Most leases includeone or more options to renew or may have a termination option. The Company determines whether these options are reasonably certain to be exercised or not at the inception of the lease. In addition, some leases contain escalation clauses. The rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) over the term of the lease. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our consolidated balance sheets.

As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. Further, the Company treats all lease and non-lease components as a single combined lease component for all classes of underlying assets. The Company also enters into sublease agreements for some of its leased office space. Immaterial rental income attributable to subleases is offset against rent expense over the terms of the respective leases.

The Company leases office space and computer and other equipment under operating lease agreements expiring at various dates. Under the lease agreements, in addition to base rent, the Company is generally responsible for operating and maintenance costs and related fees. Several of these agreements include tenant improvement allowances, rent holidays or rent escalation clauses. When such items are included in a lease agreement, we record such items in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets equal to the difference between rent expense and future minimum lease payments due. The rent expense related to these items is recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases. Effective January 1, 2024, the Company’s primary office location is in Arlington, Virginia with a lease that expires in January 2031.

In connection with various lease agreements, the Company is required to maintain $1.9 million and $2.1 million in letters of credit as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company held $1.9 million and $2.1 million in restricted cash and restricted investments on the consolidated balance sheet as collateral for the letters of credit, respectively.

Loss on Lease Termination

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company terminated its Chicago, IL lease effective October 31, 2024 and recognized the impact of a $39.8 million termination penalty in its operating lease liability - current and operating lease liability - noncurrent on its consolidated balance sheet. The termination payment will consist of payments of $1.7 million, $23.0 million and $15.0 million to be paid in 2024, 2025 and 2026, respectively.

Right-of-Use Asset Impairment

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company decommissioned its Alpharetta, GA and Brea, CA leases and wrote off the associated right-of-use asset, recognizing an impairment charge of $2.6 million in right-of-use assets impairment on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

The Company terminated a portion of its previous headquarters lease in Arlington, VA effective December 31, 2023 and recognized the impact of a $6.5 million termination penalty in its operating lease liability - current on its consolidated balance sheet. The termination payment consisted oftwo payments of $3.25 million that were paid on October 1, 2023 and April 1, 2024. In addition, the Company terminated the remainder of its previous headquarters lease in Arlington, VA effective March 27, 2024 and paid a $3.5 million termination penalty on April 1, 2024.

The following table summarizes our primary office leases as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands, other than term):

LocationLease Termination Term (in years)Future Minimum Lease CommitmentsLetter of Credit Amount Required
Arlington, VA (1)6.1$3,218$1,579
Edison, NJ1.3707222
Makati City, Philippines3.42,286—
Alpharetta, GA0.7361—
Pune, India3.21,877—
Brea, CA2.42,373—

(1)Amounts required under the letter of credit for our previous headquarters’ lease in Arlington, VA until November 2025.

The following table summarizes the components of our lease expense (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Operating lease cost$2,960$7,984$8,956
Variable lease cost5,3016,0045,682
Total lease cost$8,261$13,988$14,638

Maturity of lease liabilities including future lease termination payments (in thousands) is as follows:

Operating lease expense
2025$27,610
202618,719
20273,008
20281,785
20291,370
Thereafter1,663
Total lease payments54,155
Less:
Interest2,469
Present value of lease liabilities$51,686

Our weighted-average discount rate and our weighted remaining lease terms (in years) are as follows:

December 31,
202420232022
Weighted average discount rate9.09%6.40%6.36%
Weighted average remaining lease term4.36.07.8

Note 12. Convertible Preferred Equity

In connection with the NIA closing, on January 20, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (Series A Convertible Preferred Shares) with the Purchasers listed on Schedule I thereto (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company offered and sold to the Purchasers an aggregate 175,000 shares of the Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 (the “Series A Preferred Stock”), at a purchase price of $960.00 per share, resulting in total gross proceeds to the Company of $168.0 million. The proceeds from the offer and sale of the Series A Preferred Stock were used, together with the proceeds from the Incremental Revolving Facility and Incremental Term Loan Facility, to finance the cash consideration payable at Closing and pay transaction fees and expenses.

The Series A Preferred Stock ranks senior with respect to dividend and liquidation rights to the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share and all future series of the Company’s preferred stock. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock has an initial liquidation preference of $1,000.00 per share.

Regular dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock will be paid quarterly in cash in arrears at a rate per annum equal to Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Certificate of Designation of the Series A Preferred Stock filed by the Company with the Delaware Secretary of State on January 19, 2023 (the “Certificate of Designation”)) plus 6.00%. The liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock will increase on the last day of each calendar quarter by the amount of any accrued and unpaid regular dividends that have not been paid in cash on the relevant dividend payment date. The regular dividend rate will also increase by 2.0% per annum upon the occurrence and during the continuance of certain triggering events, including a breach of the protective covenants contained in the Investor Rights Agreement or the Company’s failure to pay any regular dividends in cash. Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are also entitled to participate in and receive any dividends declared or paid on the Class A common stock on an as-converted basis.

Each holder of Series A Preferred Stock has the right, at its option, to convert its shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Class A common stock at an initial conversion price per share of $40.00 of the then-current liquidation preference per share, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

Holders of Series A Preferred Stock are not entitled to vote on any matters, except as required by law and for certain consent rights set forth in the Certificate of Designation.

The Company may not redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at its option prior to January 20, 2025. At any time on or after January 20, 2025, the Company may redeem any or all of the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding for cash at a redemption price per share equal to 165.00% of the then-current liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock being redeemed.

If not earlier redeemed, at any time on or after January 20, 2030, at the request of the holders of a majority of the convertible preferred stock, the Company will redeem all shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding for cash at a redemption price per share equal to 150.00% of the then-current liquidation preference per share of the Series A Preferred Stock, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock being redeemed.

Upon the occurrence of a refinancing or replacement of the entirety of the indebtedness under the Credit Agreement prior to its maturity that is provided solely by lenders who are not affiliates or approved funds of Ares, the Company will be required to redeem all shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding for cash at a redemption price per share equal to 165.00% of the then-current liquidation preference of the Series A Preferred Stock, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock being redeemed, plus, solely in the event such refinancing or replacement is consummated prior to January 20, 2025, the aggregate amount of dividends per share which would have otherwise been payable on the Series A Preferred Stock from the date of redemption until January 20, 2025.

If the Company undergoes a Change of Control (as defined in the Credit Agreement), the Company will be required to redeem all shares of Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding for cash at a price per share equal to the greater of (x)150.00% of the then-current liquidation preference per share of the Series A Preferred Stock, if such redemption occurs prior to January 20, 2025, and 135.00% of the then-current liquidation preference per share of the Series A Preferred Stock, if such redemption occurs on or after January 20, 2025, and (y) the value of the Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of a share of Series A Preferred Stock, which value shall be determined based on the value attributed to the Class A common stock in connection with such Change of Control.

In connection with the NIA closing, the Company entered into an Investors Rights Agreement with the Purchasers named in Schedule I thereto (the “Investors Rights Agreement”). The Investors Rights Agreement contains certain restrictions on the transfer of the Series A Preferred Stock and certain protective covenants in favor of the Purchasers. These covenants include, among other things, covenants limiting the incurrence of Funded Debt (as defined in the Investors Rights Agreement), the ability to make restricted payments and the ability to issue additional indebtedness senior to the Series A Preferred Stock. Each of these covenants is subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Investors Rights Agreement.

In connection with the NIA closing, on January 20, 2023, the Company entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with the Stockholders named in Schedule I thereto, which granted certain registration rights to Ares in respect of the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

The Company paid dividends and recorded accretion of deferred issuance costs and redemption value related to the Series A Preferred Stock as presented below (in thousands, except per share data):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Cash dividends on Series A Preferred Stock$20,085$18,793$—
Accretion of deferred financing costs and redemption value in excess of par11,74610,427—
Total dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock$31,831$29,220$—

Note 13. Loss Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share available for common stockholders (in thousands, except per share data):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Loss from continuing operations$(61,623)$(113,040)$(18,701)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax——(463)
Loss before preferred dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(61,623)(113,040)(19,164)
Dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(31,831)(29,220)—
Net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc.$(93,454)$(142,260)$(19,164)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted114,682111,25193,699
Loss per common share
Basic and diluted$(0.81)$(1.28)$(0.20)

Basic net loss per common share is calculated using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net earnings per common share, if any, gives effect to diluted stock options (calculated based on the treasury stock method), shares issuable upon debt conversion (calculated using an as-if converted method).

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of weighted-average common shares presented above are presented below (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance-based RSUs (“PSUs”) and leveraged stock units ("LSUs")1,2131,3521,804
Stock options2457941,769
Series A Preferred Stock4,3754,375—
Convertible senior notes15,7526,8089,574
Total21,58513,32913,147

Note 14. Stock-based Compensation

2011 and 2015 Equity Incentive Plans

The Company issues awards, including stock options, performance-based stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) and leveraged stock units (“LSUs”), under the Evolent Health Holdings, Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) and the 2015 Evolent Health, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2015 Plan”). We assumed the 2011 Plan in connection with the merger of Evolent Health Holdings with and into Evolent Health, Inc. The 2011 Plan allows for the grant of an array of equity-based and cash incentive awards to our directors, employees and other service providers. The 2011 Plan was amended on September 23, 2013, to increase the number of shares authorized to 9.1 million of the Company’s Class A common stock. As of both December 31, 2024 and 2023,4.8 million stock options and 3.8 million shares of restricted stock have been awarded, net of forfeitures, under the 2011 Plan.

The following table summarizes the Company’s additional shares authorized changes for the 2015 Plan (in thousands):

Board Approval DateShares AddedTotal Additional Shares Authorized
May 1, 20156,0006,000
June 13, 20184,52510,500
April 15, 20214,91015,400
April 20, 20234,00019,400

Upon shareholder approval of the amended 2015 Plan in 2018, the 2011 Plan was automatically terminated and no further awards may be granted under the 2011 Plan. The 2011 Plan continues to govern awards previously granted under the 2011 Plan. As of December 31, 2024,2.8 million of stock options,7.3 million RSUs,1.9 million LSUs and 2.3 million PSUs, have been awarded, net of forfeitures, under the 2015 Plan. As of December 31, 2023,2.8 million of stock options,6.3 million RSUs,1.9 million LSUs and 1.5 million PSUs, have been awarded, net of forfeitures, under the 2015 Plan.

We follow an employee model for our stock-based compensation as awards are granted in the stock of the Company to employees and non-employee directors of the Company or its consolidated subsidiaries. Following the adoption of ASU 2018-07 during 2018, we also follow the employee model for stock-based compensation for awards granted to acquire goods and services from non-employees.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

Total compensation expense by award type and line item in our consolidated financial statements was as follows (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Award Type
Stock options$—$74$416
RSUs30,12226,71817,327
Performance-based RSUs9,62413,21414,308
LSUs—4951,930
Total compensation expense by award type$39,746$40,501$33,981
Line Item
Cost of revenue$4,582$1,662$4,387
Selling, general and administrative expenses35,16438,83929,594
Total compensation expense by financial statement line item$39,746$40,501$33,981

No stock-based compensation was capitalized as software development costs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Total unrecognized compensation expense (in thousands) and expected weighted-average period (in years) by award type for all of our stock-based incentive plans were as follows:

As of December 31, 2024
Unrecognized Compensation ExpenseWeighted Average Period (years)
RSUs$41,8191.54
PSUs24,5471.56
Total$66,366

Stock Options

Other than the performance-based stock options described below, options awarded under the incentive compensation plans are generally subject to afour-year graded service vesting period where 25% of the award vests after each year of service and have a maximum term of 10 years. Information with respect to our options is presented in the following disclosures.

The fair value of options is determined using a Black-Scholes options valuation model. The dividend rate is based on the expected dividend rate during the expected life of the option. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the Company’s awards due to the limited history of our own stock price. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected life represents the period of time the stock options are expected to be outstanding and is based on the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected life of an option is presumed to be the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. We used the simplified method due to the lack of sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to otherwise estimate the expected life of the stock options.

Information with respect to our stock options (in thousands), including weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) and aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) was as follows:

OptionsWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023658$13.234.99$13,032
Exercised(283)10.31
Forfeited——
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024375$15.434.45$(1,568)
Vested and expected to vest after December 31, 2024375$15.434.45$(1,568)
Exercisable as of December 31, 2024375$15.434.45$(1,568)

The total fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, was $0.0 million, $0.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $6.9 million, $26.9 million and $16.3 million, respectively. We issue new shares to satisfy option exercises.

Performance-based Stock Option Awards

In March 2016, the Company granted approximately 0.3 million performance-based options to certain employees to create incentives for continued long-term success and to more closely align executive pay with our stockholders’ interests. Each of the grants is subject to market-based vesting, as follows:

one-third of the shares subject to the option award will vest in the event that the average closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the NYSE is at least $13.35 per share for a consecutive ninety day period;

one-third of the shares subject to the option award will vest in the event that the average closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the NYSE is at least $16.43 per share for a consecutive ninety day period; and

one-third of the shares subject to the option award will vest in the event that the average closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the NYSE is at least $19.51 per share for a consecutive ninety day period.

In addition, the percentage of options per tranche that has satisfied the market-based performance hurdle is also subject to a service completion schedule. The aggregate percentage of options eligible to vest is based upon each of the service completions dates below:

50% of the shares subject to the option award vested on March 1, 2019, and

50% of the shares subject to the option award vested on March 1, 2020.

We measured the fair value of the performance-based stock options using a Monte Carlo simulation approach with the following assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.83%, volatility of 65%, expected term often years and dividend yield of 0% as we do not currently pay dividends nor expect to do so during the expected option term. These inputs resulted in a weighted-average fair value per option granted of $6.68. During 2016 all of the average stock price milestones were achieved and therefore the awards are now only subject to the service completion obligations.

Information with respect to our performance-based stock options (shares and aggregate intrinsic value shown in thousands, weighted-average remaining contractual term shown in years) was as follows:

Options · Weighted Average Exercise Price · Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term · Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023106$10.272.17$2,401
Exercised(106)10.27
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024—N/AN/AN/A
Vested and expected to vest after December 31, 2024—N/AN/AN/A

Restricted Stock Units

Other than the performance-based RSUs described below, and other than RSUs granted to our non-employee directors which have aone year vesting period, RSUs awarded under the incentive compensation plans are generally subject to athree orfour-year graded service vesting period where 25% of the award vests after each year of service or athree-year graded service vesting period where 33% of the award vests after each year of service and are issued to the participants for no consideration. During 2018, we also granted certain RSUs with aone-year vesting period in conjunction with the New Century Health transaction. Information with respect to our RSUs (not including performance-based RSUs) is presented below (in thousands, except for weighted-average grant-date fair value):

Total RSUsWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 20232,152$28.55
Granted1,33331.55
Forfeited(387)31.85
Vested(950)26.46
Outstanding as of December 31, 20242,148$30.74

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we granted RSUs with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $31.55, $33.85 and $28.23, respectively, which represents the weighted-average closing price of our common stock on the grant date.

The total fair value of RSUs vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $25.1 million, $20.2 million and $11.6 million, respectively.

Performance-based RSUs

During 2021, the Company granted 0.3 million PSUs to certain employees to create incentives for continued long-term success and to more closely align executive pay with our stockholders’ interests. Atwo andthree-year cumulative Adjusted EBITDA goal was approved and began on January 1, 2021. Shares are earned based on a sliding scale of performance above and below the performance goal. The sliding scale is anchored by a minimum performance requirement of cumulative Adjusted EBITDA. If the minimum performance goal is not achieved, then no performance shares are earned. If 100% of the performance goal is achieved, then award is paid at target and if the maximum performance is achieved, then 200% of the targeted shares are earned. If the cumulative Adjusted EBITDA falls between tiers on the sliding scale, the actual cumulative Adjusted EBITDA payout percentage shall be determined by linear interpolation between the percentages on a straight-line basis. Shares earned by thetwo andthree-year cumulative Adjusted EBITDA performance will be adjusted based on a respective total shareholder return ("TSR"). Shares earned will be adjusted if TSR performance is in the bottom quartile and will be adjusted +10% if TSR performance is in the upper quartile. TSR represents stock price appreciation over each of thetwo performance periods.

The price assumptions used for our performance-based stock unit awards were as follows:

1st Tranche2nd Tranche
Weighted-average fair value per performance-based stock unit granted$20.64$20.69
Assumptions:
Expected term2 years3 years
Expected volatility89.5%77.7%
Risk-free interest rate0.12%0.25%
Dividend yield—%—%

The fair value of PSUs are determined using a Black-Scholes valuation model with the assumptions disclosed in the table above. The dividend rate is based on the expected dividend rate during the expected life of the award. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the Company’s awards due to the limited history of our own stock price. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The expected life represents the period of time the awards are expected to be outstanding and is based on the simplified method. Under the simplified method, the expected life of an award is presumed to be the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. We used the simplified method due to the lack of sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to otherwise estimate the expected life of the awards.

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company granted 0.8 million,0.5 million and 0.5 million PSUs, respectively, to certain employees to create incentives for continued long-term success and to more closely align executive pay with our stockholders’ interests. Athree-year cliff vesting was approved and began on January 1, 2022, January 1, 2023 for the awards granted in 2022 and 2023, respectively. For awards issued during 2024, the vesting period begins on January 1, 2024 and 50% of the awards vest on each of December 31, 2025 and 2026, respectively. Shares are earned based on a sliding scale of performance above and below the performance goal. The sliding scale for the 2024, 2023 and 2022 PSU awards are anchored by a minimum performance requirement of company value. In 2023, the Company amended its 2022 PSUs to modify the business unit performance metrics to align with the Company’s focus on a specialty-led strategy. Under the modified 2022 PSU, the Adjusted EBITDA and revenue growth performance goals for each business unit were replaced with the Adjusted EBITDA for the Company and revenue growth metrics for the remainder of thethree-year performance period, with an adjustment made for expected business unit performance results for the period prior to the modification. Per the agreements, company value is calculated using a formula based on revenue growth and cumulative Adjusted EBITDA, as adjusted for any acquired business during the period. If the minimum performance goal is not achieved, then no performance shares are earned. If 100% of the performance goal is achieved, then award is paid at target and if the maximum performance is achieved, then 250% of the targeted shares are earned. If the company value falls between tiers on the sliding scale, the actual company value payout percentage shall be determined by linear interpolation between the percentages on a straight-line basis.

Information with respect to our performance-based restricted stock unit awards (shares and aggregate intrinsic value shown in thousands, weighted-average remaining contractual term shown in years) was as follows:

Performance- Based Stock UnitsWeighted Average Grant Date Fair ValueWeighted Average Remaining Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 20231,653$30.538.42$4,131
Granted80834.41
Change in achievement(847)34.79
Vested(343)19.54
Forfeited(54)32.01
Outstanding as of December 31, 20241,217$31.548.12$(24,691)
Vested and expected to vest after December 31, 20241,217$31.548.12$(24,691)

Note 15. Income Taxes

Our loss from continuing operations before income taxes (in thousands) was as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Domestic$(68,401)$(206,344)$(66,055)
Foreign5,3653,9393,978
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes$(63,036)$(202,405)$(62,077)

Components of income tax expense (benefit) (in thousands) consist of the following:

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Current
Federal$—$—$(875)
State and local1252,8551,788
Foreign1,4511,0341,318
Total current tax expense1,5763,8892,231
Deferred
Federal(12,259)(42,156)5,055
State and local(6,521)(12,822)(2,790)
Foreign(49)51092
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)(18,829)(54,468)2,357
Change in valuation allowance15,840(38,786)(47,964)
Total tax expense (benefit)$(1,413)$(89,365)$(43,376)

A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory tax rate to our effective tax rate is presented below:

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
U.S. statutory tax rate21.0%21.0%21.0%
U.S. state income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit3.6%3.0%(0.6)%
Foreign earnings at other than U.S. rates(0.3)%(0.3)%(0.8)%
Change in valuation allowance(25.1)%19.2%77.3%
Contingent consideration adjustments(2.9)%(1.2)%(0.1)%
Non-deductible excess compensation(8.1)%(6.8)%(27.8)%
Excess tax benefits on stock-based compensation4.8%7.1%12.2%
Convertible debt extinguishment—%—%(3.4)%
Change in uncertain tax positions0.3%(0.5)%(1.1)%
Nondeductible transaction costs(0.1)%(0.2)%(1.7)%
Change in state rate6.1%2.2%5.2%
Return to provision and other deferred adjustments1.7%(0.1)%(1.1)%
Tax receivable agreement0.3%(0.9)%(9.1)%
Research and development tax credit - federal1.2%1.7%—%
Other, net(0.3)%—%(0.1)%
Effective tax rate2.2%44.2%69.9%

Deferred tax balances reflect the impact of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax basis and are stated at the tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands) were as follows:

As of December 31,
20242023
Deferred Tax Assets
Start-up and organizational costs$38$59
Goodwill7,78617,501
Operating lease liabilities12,03610,015
Accrued expenses5,68211,530
Stock based compensation4,6403,283
Net operating loss carryforwards125,248123,147
Federal and state research tax credits5,0144,467
Fixed assets363666
Interest deduction limitation23,85120,460
Outside basis differences98270
Other7,8907,417
Subtotal193,530198,615
Valuation allowance(47,844)(32,004)
Total deferred tax assets145,686166,611
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Internally developed software costs2,3845,697
Intangible assets146,234165,742
Right-of-use assets - Operating6701,884
Contract fulfillment costs3,3453,030
Other2,4532,606
Total deferred tax liabilities155,086178,959
Net deferred tax liabilities (1)$(9,400)$(12,348)

(1)Amount is net of $1.5 million and $1.0 million of deferred tax assets included in prepaid expenses and other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Changes in our valuation allowance (in thousands) were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance at beginning-of-year$32,004$70,790
Credited to costs and expenses15,840(38,786)
Balance at end-of-year$47,844$32,004

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the effective tax rate was 2.2% and the corresponding tax benefit recorded was $1.4 million. The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries continue to record a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets, with the exception of indefinite lived components. The income tax benefit recorded during the year ended December 31, 2024, primarily relates to the tax effect of net losses, offset by the increase in valuation allowance and state and foreign taxes.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the effective tax rate was 44.2% and the corresponding tax benefit recorded was $89.4 million. The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries continue to record a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets, with the exception of indefinite lived components. The income tax benefit recorded during the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily related to the deferred tax liabilities established as part of the NIA acquisition accounting, partially offset by state and foreign taxes.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the effective tax rate was 69.9% and the corresponding tax benefit recorded was $43.4 million. The income tax benefit recorded by the company in 2022 primarily related to the deferred tax liabilities established as part of the IPG acquisition accounting, partially offset by state and foreign taxes.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $153.2 million of federal and $238.3 million of state NOL carryforwards available to offset future taxable income that begin to expire in 2034 and 2025, respectively, and $291.6 million of federal and $366.1 million of state NOLs with an indefinite carryforward period, subject to a utilization limit of 80% of taxable income in any given year. We have established a valuation allowance against those NOLs that cannot be offset with future deferred tax liabilities. Furthermore, Internal

Revenue Code Section 382 imposes limitations on the utilization of NOLs in the event of certain changes in ownership of the Company, which may have occurred or could occur in the future. This could result in an annual limit on the Company’s ability to utilize NOLs and could cause federal and state income taxes to be due sooner than if no such limitations applied.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $6.5 million and $0.3 million of research and development credits for federal and state income tax purposes, respectively, which expire beginning in 2037 and 2028, respectively.

Changes in our unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands) were as follows:

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Balance at beginning-of-year$2,600$1,624$609
Gross increases - tax positions in prior period—7616
Gross decreases - tax positions in prior period(30)——
Gross increases - tax positions in current period232969399
Lapse of statute of limitations(255)——
Balance at end-of-year$2,547$2,600$1,624

We are subject to taxation in various jurisdictions in the United States, India and the Philippines. Tax years 2011 and all subsequent periods remain subject to examination by the federal and state taxing jurisdictions due to the utilization and availability of NOL carryforwards. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024, are $2.5 million of tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the overall effective tax rate. The Company recognizedno interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company had recognized $0.4 million of interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Company has accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions of $0.3 million and $0.4 million as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company and its subsidiaries are not currently subject to any material income tax audits in any federal, state or local jurisdiction for any tax year. The Company’s foreign subsidiary is currently under an income tax examination of the financial year ended 2022 India income tax return.

Tax Receivables Agreement

Pursuant to the Offering Reorganization, Class B Exchanges increased our tax basis in our share of Evolent Health LLC’s tangible and intangible assets. These increases in tax basis increase our depreciation and amortization deductions and create other tax benefits and, therefore, may reduce the amount of tax that we would otherwise be required to pay in the future. In addition, certain NOLs of Evolent Health Holdings (and of an affiliate of TPG) are available to us as a result of the Offering Reorganization.

In connection with the Offering Reorganization, we entered into the TRA with the holders of Class B common units. The agreement requires us to pay to such holders 85% of the cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local, and foreign income tax (as applicable) we realize as a result of any deductions attributable to the increase in tax basis following the Class B Exchanges or deductions attributable to imputed interest or future increases in tax basis following payments made under the TRA. Additionally, pursuant to the same agreement we will pay the former stockholders of Evolent Health Holdings 85% of the amount of the cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local, and foreign income tax that we realize as a result of the utilization of the NOLs of Evolent Health Holdings (and the affiliate of TPG) attributable to periods prior to the Offering Reorganization, approximately $79.3 million, as well as deductions attributable to imputed interest on any payments made under the agreement. The Company has recorded the full TRA liability of $108.1 million as of December 31, 2024.

We will benefit from the remaining 15% of any realized cash savings. The TRA was effective upon the completion of the Offering Reorganization and will remain in effect until all such tax benefits have been used or expired, or until the agreement is terminated. See Note 10 for additional discussion of the implications of the TRA.

Note 16. Employee Benefit Plans

We sponsor a tax-qualified 401(k) retirement plan that provides eligible U.S. employees with an opportunity to save for retirement on a tax advantaged basis. We make matching contributions to the plan in accordance with the plan documents and various limitations under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company made $10.5 million, $10.8 million and$7.4 million in contributions to the 401(k) plan for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Note 17. Investments and Equity Method Investees

The Company holds ownership interests in joint ventures and other entities which are accounted for under the equity method. Our joint ventures and other investments from time to time may, and some do, include put or call features under which we could be contractually required to purchase interests from our joint venture partner at an exercise price determined in reference to a multiple of the dollar amount of our joint venture partner’s total capital contributions, the performance of the joint venture, and other factors. The Company evaluates its interests in these entities to determine whether they meet the definition of a VIE and whether the Company is required to consolidate these entities. A VIE is consolidated by its primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (ii) a variable interest that could potentially be significant to the VIE. To determine whether or not a variable interest the Company holds could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size and form of the Company's involvement with the VIE. The Company has determined that its interests in these entities meet the definition of a variable interest, however, the Company is not the primary beneficiary since it does not have the power to direct activities, therefore, the Company did not consolidate the VIEs.

As of both December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s economic interests in its equity method investments ranged between 4% and 34%, respectively, and voting interests in its equity method investments ranged between 25% and 34%, respectively. The Company determined that it has significant influence over these entities but that it does not have control over any of the entities. Accordingly, the investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and the Company is allocated its proportional share of the entities’ earnings and losses for each reporting period. The Company’s proportional share of the gain (loss) from these investments was approximately $(3.4) million and $1.3 million and $4.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company signed services agreements with certain of the aforementioned entities to provide certain management, operational and support services to help manage elements of their service offerings. Revenue related to these services agreements were $13.9 million, $19.1 million and $16.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Investments

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement to invest $3.0 million in future equity notes. Investment in future equity notes without readily determinable fair values are accounted for as cost method investments. The Company has elected to apply the measurement alternative to measure the investment at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not record any unrealized gains or losses resulting from observable price changes of future equity notes. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the investment was $3.0 million.

Note 18. Fair Value Measurement

GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. GAAP also establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:

Level 1 - inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices available in active markets for identical instruments as of the reporting date;

Level 2 - inputs to the valuation methodology are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date and the fair value can be determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies; and

Level 3 - inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable inputs in situations where there is little or no market activity for the asset or liability.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the particular asset or liability being measured. These items are recorded in accrued liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

In accordance with GAAP, certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

December 31, 2024
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Liabilities
Contingent consideration (1)$—$—$5,000$5,000
Total fair value of liabilities measured on a recurring basis$—$—$5,000$5,000
December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Liabilities
Contingent consideration (2)$—$—$83,600$83,600
Total fair value of liabilities measured on a recurring basis$—$—$83,600$83,600

(1)Represents the earn-out consideration related to the Machinify transaction described in Note 4 and annual incentive payments to Evolent Care Partners providers based on membership attribution.

(2)Represents the earn-out consideration related to the NIA transaction described in Note 4 and was paid in cash in April 2024 and annual incentive payments to Evolent Care Partners providers based on membership attribution.

The Company recognizes any transfers between levels within the hierarchy as of the beginning of the reporting period. There were no transfers between fair value levels for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In the absence of observable market prices, the fair value is based on the best information available and involves a significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks.

The acquisition of NIA included a provision for additional equity consideration, at the Company’s option, contingent upon the Company obtaining certain performance metrics. The earnout period for the NIA contingent consideration is the year ending December 31, 2023 and contingent consideration of $88.8 million was paid in cash during the second quarter of 2024. The acquisition of Machinify includes an earn-outs based on the achievement of certain measures including specific contract renewals prior to December 31, 2024, Machinify Auth volume and performance results through March 31, 2025 and revenue results through July 30, 2025.

The changes in our liabilities measured at fair value for which the Company uses Level 3 inputs to determine fair value are as follows (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance as of beginning of period$83,600$78,000
Additions9,00070,200
Settlements(92,508)(82,584)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration4,90817,984
Balance as of end of period$5,000$83,600

The following table summarizes the fair value (in thousands), valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs of our Level 3 fair value measurements as of the periods presented:

December 31, 2024
Fair · Valuation · Significant · Assumption or
Value · Technique · Unobservable Inputs · Input Ranges
Machinify contingent consideration$1,900Real options approachRisk-neutral expected earnout consideration$1,900
Discount rate6.57%
ECP contingent consideration$3,100Contractual obligationN/AN/A
December 31, 2023
FairValuationSignificantAssumption or
ValueTechniqueUnobservable InputsInput Ranges
Contingent consideration$83,600N/AContractual terms$83,600

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

In addition to the assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company records certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as required by GAAP. Generally, assets are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment charges. This includes assets and liabilities recorded in business combinations or asset acquisitions, goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and equity method investments. While not carried at fair value on a recurring basis, these items are continually monitored for indicators of impairment that would indicate current carrying value is greater than fair value. In those situations, the assets are considered impaired and written down to current fair value.

Other Fair Value Disclosures

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents (those not held in a money market fund), restricted cash, receivables, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and accrued compensation approximate their fair values because of the relatively short-term maturities of these items and financial instruments.

See Note 9 for information regarding the fair value of the 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes.

Note 19. Related Parties

The entities described below are considered related parties and the balances and/or transactions with them are reported in our consolidated financial statements.

The Company had an economic relationship through the ordinary course of business with an entity whose President and Chief Executive Officer was a member of our Board until his retirement from the Board in February 2024. This relationship accounted for the majority of our related party revenue and cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

As discussed in Note 17, the Company had economic interests in several entities that are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company has allocated its proportional share of the investees’ earnings and losses each reporting period. In addition, Evolent has entered into services agreements with certain of the entities to provide certain management, operational and support services to help the entities manage elements of their service offerings.

The following table presents assets and liabilities attributable to our related parties (in thousands):

December 31,
20242023
Assets
Accounts receivable, net$7,947$8,045
Liabilities
Accounts payable$498$390

The following table presents revenues and expenses attributable to our related parties (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Revenue$40,908$192,176$154,591
Expenses
Cost of revenue32,586162,589128,308
Selling, general and administrative expenses7772,4641,507

Note 20. Repositioning and Other Changes

We continually assess opportunities to improve operational effectiveness and efficiency to better align our expenses with revenues, while continuing to make investments in our solutions, systems and people that we believe are important to our long-term goals.

During the second quarter of 2023, the Company implemented a broad set of repositioning initiatives designed to further align the Company’s assets and talent towards the value-based specialty care opportunity, with the intent of streamlining its operations and supporting the goal of realizing long-term sustainable earnings growth (the “2023 Repositioning Plan”). These initiatives include making organizational changes across the business that resulted in severance, termination benefits and related payroll taxes and dedicated employee costs associated with recent acquisitions as well as third-party professional fees. Dedicated employee costs primarily include project management and technology staff costs needed to migrate acquired businesses to Evolent’s integrated technology platform and costs related to the consolidation of brands, internal operations, strategies, processes and platforms. Dedicated employee costs are limited to employees that will have no role in ongoing operations and have no planned role at Evolent once the repositioning activities are completed. Professional services costs primarily relate to services provided by a third-party vendor to review our operating model and organizational design in order to improve our profitability, create value through our solutions and invest in strategic opportunities in future periods. Office space consolidation includes early termination penalties and associated expenses. Costs associated with the 2023 Repositioning Plan were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The 2023 Repositioning Plan was completed during the second quarter of 2024.

The following table provides a summary of our total costs associated with our repositioning plans for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, by major type of cost (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31, · Cumulative Amount Incurred ThroughDecember 31, 2024
2024 · 2023
Severance and termination benefits$1,835$8,564$10,399
Dedicated employee costs1,1856,9008,085
Professional services4,12812,91017,038
Office space consolidation3,4526,86210,314
Total$10,600$35,236$45,836

Note 21. Segment Reporting

Between 2020 and 2022, we significantly grew our value-based specialty care business, both organically and through acquisitions. Prior to the quarter ended March 31, 2023, the Company was organized undertwo operating segments andtwo reportable segments known as Evolent Health Services and Clinical Solutions. At that time, Clinical Solutions was composed of our specialty care management and physician-oriented total cost of care solutions, along with the New Century Health ("NCH") and Evolent Care Partners brands; and Evolent Health Services was composed of our administrative simplification solution and certain supporting population health infrastructure. Our acquisitions of Implantable Provider Group Inc. (August 2022) and National Imaging Associates, Inc. (January 2023) provided additional specialty care management services and cross-sell opportunities covering both technology enabled care management and value-based health plan administrative services within our customer base. The Company is now providing a broad spectrum of specialty care management services in oncology, cardiology, musculoskeletal markets and holistic total cost of care management along with an integrated platform for health plan administration and value-based business infrastructure under one go to market strategy, "One Evolent." As such, effective during the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company changed its reportable segments to reflect changes in the way our CODM evaluates the performance of its operations, develops strategy and allocates capital resources. Specifically, the Company collapsed its previoustwo reportable segments intoone reportable segment. We haveone operating segment andone reportable segment as our CODM, reviews financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources.

The transition to “One Evolent” did not change our CODM. We consider our Chief Executive Officer our CODM. The performance measure closest to U.S. GAAP used by our CODM is net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc. The CODM uses net loss available to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc. to evaluate the performance of the Company’s ongoing operations on a consolidated basis and as part of the Company’s internal planning and forecasting activities. The CODM does not evaluate performance or allocate resources based on segment assets, and therefore such information is not presented in the notes to the financial statements.

The following table presents our revenue, significant expenses reviewed by our CODM and net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health Inc. (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Revenue$2,554,741$1,963,896$1,352,013
Less:
Medical expense and device costs1,813,0521,143,499725,036
Cost of revenue excluding medical expense and device costs and other segment items (1)369,754358,265304,326
Selling, general and administrative expenses excluding other segment items (2)211,475267,454216,320
Depreciation and amortization expenses118,370123,41567,195
Interest income(5,544)(5,256)(1,369)
Interest expense24,72254,20515,572
(Gain) loss from equity method investees3,441(1,290)(4,569)
Benefit from income taxes(1,413)(89,365)(43,376)
Change in tax receivables agreement liability17361,98245,950
Other segment items (3)114,165193,24746,092
Net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc.$(93,454)$(142,260)$(19,164)

(1)Other segment items excluded from cost of revenue excluding medical expense and device costs include $4.6 million, $1.7 million and$4.4 million ofstock compensation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.6 million of acquisition-related costs and $0.1 million of amortization of contract cost assets for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(2)Other segment items excluded from selling, general and administrative expenses includes $35.2 million, $38.8 million and $29.6 million of stock compensation, $2.9 million, $1.5 million and $13.3 million of severance costs, $2.9 million, $15.1 million and $10.1 million of acquisition-related costs and $10.6 million, $35.2 million and $— million of repositioning costs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(3)Other segment items are defined as stock-based compensation, severance costs, acquisition-related costs and repositioning costs not included in cost of revenue or selling, general and administrative expenses and income (expense) calculated in accordance with GAAP including loss on disposal of non-strategic assets, right-of-use assets impairment, loss on lease termination, change in fair value of contingent consideration, loss on extinguishment/repayment of long-term debt, net, other income (expense), net, loss from discontinued operations, net of tax and loss before preferred dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock. Management believes cost of revenue excluding medical expense and device costs and other segment items and selling, general and administrative expenses excluding other segment items are useful to investors because they facilitate an understanding of our long-term operational costs while removing the effect of costs that are not a representative component of the day-to-day operating performance of our business, and are useful to management as supplemental performance measures.

Note 22. Reserve for Claims and Performance-Based Arrangements

The Company maintains reserves for its liabilities related to payments to providers and pharmacies under performance-based arrangements related to its specialty care management services solutions.

Reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements reflect actual payments under performance-based arrangements and the ultimate cost of claims that have been incurred but not reported, including expected development on reported claims, those that have been reported but not yet paid (reported claims in process), and other medical care expenses and services payable that are primarily composed of accruals for incentives and other amounts payable to health care professionals and facilities.

The Company uses actuarial principles and assumptions that are consistently applied each reporting period and recognizes the actuarial best estimate of the ultimate liability along with a margin for adverse deviation. This approach is consistent with actuarial standards of practice that the liabilities be adequate under moderately adverse conditions.

This liability predominately consists of incurred but not reported amounts and reported claims in process including expected development on reported claims. The liability for reserves related to its specialty care management services is calculated using "completion factors" developed by comparing the claim incurred date to the date claims were paid. Completion factors are impacted by several key items including changes in: 1) electronic (auto-adjudication) versus manual claim processing, 2) provider claims submission rates, 3) membership and 4) the mix of products.

The Company’s policy for reserves related to its specialty care management services solutions is to use historical completion factors combined with an analysis of current trends and operational factors to develop current estimates of completion factors. The Company estimates the liability for claims incurred in each month by applying the current estimates of completion factors to the current paid claims data. This approach implicitly assumes that historical completion rates will be a useful indicator for the current period.

For more recent months, and for newer lines of business where there is not sufficient paid claims history to develop completion factors, the Company expects to rely more heavily on medical cost trend and expected loss ratio analysis that reflects expected claim payment patterns and other relevant operational considerations, or authorization analysis. Medical cost trend is primarily impacted by medical service utilization and unit costs that are affected by changes in the level and mix of medical benefits offered, including inpatient, outpatient and pharmacy, the impact of copays and deductibles, changes in provider practices and changes in consumer demographics and consumption behavior. Authorization analysis projects costs based on authorizations per thousand members basis and assigning an average cost per authorization. This is also adjusted for the impact of copays, deductibles, unit cost and historic discontinuation rates for treatment are considered.

For each reporting period, the Company compares key assumptions used to establish the reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements to actual experience. When actual experience differs from these assumptions, reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements are adjusted through current period net income. Additionally, the Company evaluates expected future developments and emerging trends that may impact key assumptions. The process used to determine this liability requires the Company to make critical accounting estimates that involve considerable judgment, reflecting the variability inherent in forecasting future claim payments. These estimates are highly sensitive to changes in the Company's key assumptions, specifically completion factors and medical cost trends.

Activity in reserves for claims and performance-based arrangements related to specialty care management services solution was as follows (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
20242023
Balance, beginning of period$404,048$199,730
Incurred health care costs:
Current year to date period1,507,740928,013
Prior year to date period(24,757)(36,925)
Total claims incurred1,482,983891,088
Claims paid related to:
Current year to date period(1,216,364)(549,691)
Prior year to date period(351,962)(137,079)
Total claims paid(1,568,326)(686,770)
Balance, end of period$318,705$404,048

Note 23. Quarterly Results of Operations (unaudited)

The unaudited consolidated quarterly results of operations (in thousands, except per share data) were as follows:

For the Three Months Ended
December 31September 30June 30March 31
Total revenue$646,542$621,401$647,145$639,653
Total operating expenses665,138637,669639,357653,062
Gain (loss) before preferred dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(22,802)(23,137)1,596(17,280)
Dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(7,813)(8,094)(7,979)(7,945)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc.(30,615)(31,231)(6,383)(25,225)
Loss per common share
Basic and diluted$(0.27)$(0.27)$(0.06)$(0.22)
Total revenue$556,055$511,015$469,136$427,690
Total operating expenses577,405528,953490,704438,045
Loss before preferred dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(33,411)(25,324)(34,323)(19,982)
Dividends and accretion of Series A Preferred Stock(7,984)(7,872)(7,088)(6,276)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders of Evolent Health, Inc.(41,395)(33,196)(41,411)(26,258)
Loss per common share
Basic and diluted$(0.36)$(0.30)$(0.37)$(0.24)

Note 24. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following represents supplemental cash flow information (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Accrued property and equipment purchases$(368)$137$573
Increase/decrease to goodwill from measurement period adjustments/business combinations—2,333—
Class A common stock issued for payment of earn-outs—28,551—
Accrued deferred financing costs—529450
Class A common stock issued in connection with business combinations—261,271130,175
Class A common stock issued in connection with debt repayment—23,073101,999
Accrued net working capital adjustment with business combinations—1,098791
Effects of leases
Operating cash flows from operating leases(13,823)(12,844)14,087
Leased assets disposed of (obtained in) exchange for operating lease liabilities(2,525)(27,327)4,308
Supplemental Disclosures
Cash paid for interest(20,210)(53,591)(6,269)
Cash paid for taxes, net(1,386)(4,892)(1,397)

Note 25. Subsequent Events

On January 29, 2025, the Company borrowed $125.0 million under its 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan and $75.0 million under its 2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan. As of February 14, 2025, there was $262.5 million outstanding under the Company’s Credit Facilities, consisting of $125.0 million outstanding under its 2024-A Delayed Draw Term Loan, $75.0 million outstanding under its 2024-B Delayed Draw Term Loan and $62.5 million outstanding under its Revolving Facility. See Note 9 for further details regarding the terms of the Company’s Credit Facilities.

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