FEDERAL SIGNAL CORP /DE/

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 –SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Description of the Business

Federal Signal Corporation was founded in 1901 and was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1969. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Products manufactured and services rendered by the Company are divided intotwo reportable segments: Environmental Solutions Group (“Environmental Solutions”) and Safety and Security Systems Group (“Safety and Security Systems”). The individual operating businesses are organized as such because they share certain characteristics, including technology, marketing, distribution, and product application, which create long-term synergies. These segments are discussed in Note 12 – Segment Information.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries included herein and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures presented herein are adequate to ensure the information presented is not misleading. Except as otherwise noted, these condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

These condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flow. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year, which may differ materially due to, among other things, the risk factors described under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, which was filed with the SEC on February 25, 2026. While we label our quarterly information using a calendar convention whereby our first, second, and third quarters are labeled as ending on March 31, June 30, and September 30, respectively, it is our longstanding practice to establish interim quarterly closing dates based on a 13-week period ending on a Saturday, with our fiscal year ending on December 31. The effects of this practice are not material and exist only within a reporting year.

Recent Accounting Standard Adoptions

In July 2025, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides a practical expedient for estimating expected credit losses relating to current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2025-05 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2025-05 on a prospective basis effective January 1, 2026. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which requires entities to disclose, on an annual and interim basis, disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. ASU 2024-03 is effective prospectively for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption and retrospective adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its financial statement disclosures.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements, which clarifies interim disclosure requirements and applicability of Topic 270. ASU 2025-11 is effective prospectively for interim reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption and retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its financial statement disclosures.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

NOTE 2 –ACQUISITIONS

Acquisitions Completed in 2026

Acquisition of Western Technology

On July 1, 2026, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets and operations of Western Technology, Inc. (“Western Technology”) for initial cash consideration of $9.2 million, inclusive of certain preliminary closing adjustments. Western Technology is a manufacturer of proprietary, portable, explosion-protected lighting solutions for mission-critical applications, serving end-customers across industrial processing, petrochemical, and aerospace and defense industries. The Company expects that the Western Technology acquisition will broaden its industrial signaling equipment portfolio.

As the acquisition closed on July 1, 2026, the assets and liabilities of Western Technology have been consolidated into the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2026, and the post-acquisition results have been included in Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, within the Safety and Security Systems Group.

The acquisition is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Western Technology acquisition have been measured at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, with $2.5 million assigned to inventories, $1.9 million assigned to customer relationships, $1.3 million assigned to trade names, and $3.5 million assigned to goodwill. Customer relationships are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets with a preliminary estimated useful life of 10 years. Trade names are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets. Goodwill, which is tax-deductible, has been allocated to the Safety and Security Systems Group on the basis that synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment. Due to the timing of the acquisition, these amounts are preliminary and are subject to change within the measurement period as the Company finalizes its fair value estimates.

The acquisition was not, and would not have been, material to the Company’s net sales, results of operations, or total assets during any period presented. Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated results from operations do not differ materially from historical performance as a result of the acquisition, and therefore, pro-forma results are not presented.

Acquisition of Mega

On January 16, 2026, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding equity interests of Mega Equipment LLC (“Mega”). Mega is a leading manufacturer of specialty vehicles and equipment for use in global metal extraction and construction markets. The Company expects that the Mega acquisition will strengthen its specialty vehicle market position by expanding its metal extraction support equipment offerings.

The assets and liabilities of Mega have been consolidated into the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2026, and the post-acquisition results have been included in Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, within the Environmental Solutions Group.

The initial cash consideration paid by the Company to acquire Mega was $45.0 million, inclusive of certain preliminary closing adjustments. Any additional closing adjustments are currently expected to be finalized in the fourth quarter of 2026.

The acquisition is being accounted for in accordance with ASC 805. Accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated on a preliminary basis to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition based on their estimated fair values as of the completion of the acquisition. A single estimate of fair value results from a complex series of judgments about future events and uncertainties and relies heavily on estimates and assumptions. The Company’s judgments used to determine the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact the Company’s results of operations. As of September 30, 2026, the Company’s purchase price allocation reflects various provisional estimates that were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the filing date of this Form 10-Q. The Company believes that information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed; however, the determination of those fair values is not yet finalized. Thus, the preliminary measurements of fair value set forth in the table below are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized. During the three months ended September 30, 2026, the Company recorded a $2.8 million reduction in the carrying value of goodwill reported as of June 30, 2026, primarily related to changes in the estimated fair values assigned to customer relationships and trade names. These measurement period adjustments did not materially affect the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the three months ended September 30, 2026. The Company expects to finalize the valuation and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable, but not more than one year from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(a) The initial purchase price, which is subject to certain post-closing adjustments, including working capital, was funded through existing cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s credit agreement.

(b) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 11 years.

(c) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(d) Goodwill, which is tax-deductible, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

In the period between the January 16, 2026 closing date and September 30, 2026, Mega generated approximately $38.3 million of net sales and $8.4 million of operating income.

The acquisition was not, and would not have been, material to the Company’s net sales, results of operations, or total assets during any period presented. Accordingly, the Company’s consolidated results from operations do not differ materially from historical performance as a result of the acquisition, and therefore, unaudited pro-forma results are not presented.

Acquisitions Completed in 2025

Acquisition of New Way

On November 25, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding equity interests of Scranton Manufacturing Company LLC d/b/a New Way Trucks (“New Way”). New Way is a leading U.S.-based designer and manufacturer of refuse collection vehicles.

The initial cash consideration paid by the Company to acquire New Way was approximately $413 million, inclusive of certain preliminary closing adjustments, including working capital. During the third quarter of 2026, the Company finalized the purchase price closing adjustments related to the acquisition and paid the former owners of New Way an additional $13.1 million. In addition, there is a contingent earn-out opportunity of up to $54 million, based on the achievement of certain specified financial targets over a two-year period.

As of September 30, 2026, the Company’s purchase price allocation reflects various provisional estimates that were based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date and the filing date of this Form 10-Q. The Company believes that information provides a reasonable basis for estimating the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed; however, the determination of those fair values, including the third-party valuation of acquired intangible assets, is not yet finalized. Thus, the preliminary measurements of fair value set forth in the table below are subject to change during the measurement period as valuations are finalized. During the three months ended September 30, 2026, the Company recorded a $0.9 million increase in the carrying value of goodwill reported as of June 30, 2026, primarily related to recording certain measurement period adjustments. These measurement period adjustments did not materially affect the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the three months ended September 30, 2026. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company recorded a $11.8 million increase in the carrying value of goodwill reported as of December 31, 2025, primarily due to finalizing the purchase price closing adjustments and recording certain other measurement period adjustments. These measurement period adjustments did not materially affect the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2026. The Company expects to finalize the valuation and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable, but not more than one year from the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(a) The purchase price was funded through existing cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s credit agreement. The purchase price includes the final purchase price closing adjustment of $13.1 million, which the Company settled in the third quarter of 2026.

(b) Represents the preliminary estimate of fair value assigned to the contingent earn-out payment as of the acquisition date, which is included in Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2026. See Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements for discussion of the methodology used to determine the fair value of the contingent earn-out payment.

(c) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to acquired finance lease right-of-use assets and finance lease liabilities.

(d) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with a preliminary estimated useful life of approximately 15 years.

(e) Represents the preliminary fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(f) Goodwill, which is tax-deductible, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

Acquisition of Waterblasting LLC

On February 12, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets and operations of Waterblasting, LLC, owner of Hog Technologies, and Waterblasting Eurasia, s.r.o. (collectively, “Hog”). Hog is a leading U.S. manufacturer of truck-mounted road-marking, line-removal, and waterblasting equipment, serving infrastructure, municipal, and airport markets.

The cash consideration paid by the Company to acquire Hog was $82.5 million, inclusive of certain closing adjustments. In addition, there was a contingent earn-out payment of up to $15.0 million that was based on the achievement of certain financial targets during 2025. During the first quarter of 2026, the Company paid additional consideration of $15.0 million to settle the contingent consideration liability associated with the acquisition. Of the $15.0 million of additional consideration paid, $3.5 million has been included as a component of Net cash provided by operating activities within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows with the remaining $11.5 million, which represents the fair value of the contingent consideration established in the Company’s purchase price allocation, being included as a component of Net cash used for financing activities.

During the first quarter of 2026, the Company finalized the Hog purchase price allocation and recognized certain measurement period adjustments, which did not have a material impact on the carrying value of goodwill previously recognized as of December 31, 2025. The measurement period adjustments did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2026.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date:

(a) The purchase price was funded through existing cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s credit agreement. The purchase price included an amount of $10.0 million, which was paid by the Company at closing and placed into an escrow account. Based on Hog’s financial results for the year ended December 31, 2025, the amount placed in escrow was released to the former owner of Hog during the first quarter of 2026. The Company assigned a fair value to this contingent consideration of $10.0 million as of the acquisition date.

(b) Represents the fair value assigned to the contingent earn-out payment as of the acquisition date. See Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements for discussion of the methodology used to determine the fair value of the contingent earn-out payment.

(c) Represents the non-cash settlement of accounts receivable due from Hog to the Company as of the acquisition date. Corresponding amount payable by Hog to the Company is not included in accounts payable assumed in the table above, and the amount was settled at fair value with no impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations in 2025.

(d) Represents the fair value assigned to customer relationships, which are considered to be definite-lived intangible assets, with an estimated useful life of approximately 12 years.

(e) Represents the fair value assigned to trade names, which are considered to be indefinite-lived intangible assets.

(f) Goodwill, which is tax-deductible, has been allocated to the Environmental Solutions Group on the basis that the synergies identified will primarily benefit this segment.

NOTE 3 –REVENUE RECOGNITION

The following table presents the Company’s Net sales disaggregated by geographic region, based on the location of the end customer, and by major product line:

(a)Includes net sales from the sale of new and used vehicles and equipment, including sales of rental equipment.

(b)Represents income from vehicle and equipment lease arrangements with customers.

(c)Primarily includes revenues from services, such as maintenance and repair work, and the sale of extended warranty contracts.

Contract Balances

The Company recognizes contract liabilities when cash payments, such as customer deposits, are received in advance of the Company’s satisfaction of the related performance obligations. Contract liabilities are recognized as Net sales when the related performance obligations are satisfied, which generally occurs within three to six months of the cash receipt. Contract liability balances are not materially impacted by any other factors. The Company’s contract liabilities were $47.7 million as of September 30, 2026 and $53.1 million as of December 31, 2025. Contract assets, such as unbilled receivables, were not material as of any of the periods presented herein.

NOTE 4 –INVENTORIES

The following table summarizes the components of Inventories:

NOTE 5 –DEBT

The following table summarizes the components of Long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations:

(a) Defined as the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated October 29, 2025, as amended.

As more fully described within Note 13 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of the Company’s long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (Level 2 input). The carrying amounts of the Company’s long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations approximate their fair values as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The 2025 Credit Agreement is a senior secured credit facility that provides the Company access to an aggregate principal amount of up to $1.5 billion, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility in an amount up to $1.1 billion (the “Revolver”) and (ii) a delayed draw term loan facility in an amount up to $400 million (the “Term Loan”), which was fully drawn down on November 25, 2025, in connection with the acquisition of New Way. The 2025 Credit Agreement matures on October 29, 2030.

Borrowings under the 2025 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a base rate or an Adjusted Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) in the case of borrowings in euros or an adjusted RFR (as defined in the 2025 Credit Agreement) in the case of borrowings in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars, or British pounds, plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from zero to 0.75% for base rate borrowings and 1.00% to 1.75% for Adjusted Eurocurrency Rate and RFR borrowings. The Company must also pay a commitment fee to the lenders ranging between 0.10% to 0.25% per annum on the unused portion of the Revolver, along with other standard fees. Applicable margin, issuance fees, and other customary expenses are payable on outstanding letters of credit.

The Company is subject to certain net leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio financial covenants under the 2025 Credit Agreement that are to be measured at each fiscal quarter-end for the most recently ended four-quarter period. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of September 30, 2026.

The 2025 Credit Agreement amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “2022 Credit Agreement”), which provided the Company with an aggregate original principal amount of up to $800 million, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility in an amount up to $675 million and (ii) a term loan facility in an original amount of up to $125 million.

As of September 30, 2026, there was $44.3 million of cash drawn on the Revolver, $375.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan, and $11.1 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2025 Credit Agreement, with $1.04 billion of net availability for borrowings. As of December 31, 2025, there was $164.0 million of cash drawn on the Revolver, $400.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan, and $10.7 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2025 Credit Agreement, with $925.3 million of net availability for borrowings.

The following table summarizes the gross borrowings and gross payments under the Company’s revolving credit facilities:

In the third quarter of 2026, the Company also made $25.0 million of voluntary prepayments on the Term Loan.

Interest Rate Swaps

On October 21, 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap (the “2022 Swap”) with a notional amount of $75.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $75.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The 2022 Swap, which was designated as a cash flow hedge, matured on October 31, 2025.

On July 11, 2023, the Company entered into an additional interest rate swap (the “2023 Swap”) with a notional amount of $75.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $75.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The 2023 Swap, which was designated as a cash flow hedge, matured on August 1, 2025.

As a result of the application of hedge accounting treatment, all unrealized gains and losses related to the derivative instruments were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and were reclassified into the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of Interest expense, net in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

There wereno outstanding interest rate swaps as of September 30, 2026 or December 31, 2025. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, unrealized pre-tax gains recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss were insignificant, andno ineffectiveness was recorded.

Finance Leases

In the first quarter of 2025, the Company exercised the purchase option on one of its leased U.S. manufacturing facilities. As of the purchase date, the related finance lease right-of-use (“ROU”) asset, net, was approximately $11.3 million and the finance lease liability was $11.5 million. The cash outflow of approximately $11.5 million related to the facility purchase is reflected as a component of Other, net within the financing activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The following table summarizes the supplemental noncash investing and financing activities related to this facility purchase:

NOTE 6 –GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of goodwill, and the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill in the nine months ended September 30, 2026, by segment:

The following table summarizes the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets for each major class of intangible assets:

(a) Average useful life of customer relationships and other definite-lived intangible assets are estimated to be approximately 13 years and 9 years, respectively. The average useful life across all definite-lived intangible assets is estimated to be approximately 13 years.

The table above includes preliminary estimates of the fair value and useful lives of certain definite and indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the New Way acquisition, which was completed during the fourth quarter of 2025, the Mega acquisition, which was completed during the first quarter of 2026, and the Western Technology acquisition, which was completed during the third quarter of 2026. As further described in Note 2 – Acquisitions, the preliminary measurements of fair value included in the table above are subject to change during the measurement period as the applicable third-party valuations are finalized.

Amortization expense was $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and $19.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026. Amortization expense was $4.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and $13.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

The Company currently estimates that aggregate amortization expense will be approximately $6.7 million for the remainder of 2026, $26.0 million in 2027, $25.3 million in 2028, $20.0 million in 2029, $16.9 million in 2030, and $108.4 million thereafter. Actual amounts of amortization may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, changes in foreign currency rates, measurement period adjustments for the New Way, Mega, and Western Technology acquisitions, impairment of intangible assets, and other events.

NOTE 7 –INCOME TAXES

The Company recognized income tax expense of $25.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $22.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2025, with the increase primarily due to the effects of higher pre-tax income levels and a $0.7 million reduction in excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation activity, partially offset by the tax effects of favorable changes in foreign-based income items and executive compensation limitations. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2026 was 24.3%, compared to 24.8% in the prior-year quarter.

The Company recognized income tax expense of $72.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026, compared to $60.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, with the increase primarily due to the effects of higher pre-tax income levels, partially offset by a $1.5 million increase in excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation activity and the tax effects of favorable changes in foreign-based income items and executive compensation limitations. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was 23.5%, compared to 24.4% in the prior-year period.

NOTE 8 –PENSIONS

The following table summarizes the components of Net periodic pension expense:

The items that comprise Net periodic pension expense, other than Service cost, are included as a component of Other expense, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 9 –COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Commitments

The Company provides indemnifications and other guarantees in the ordinary course of business, the terms of which range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Specifically, the Company is occasionally required to provide letters of credit and bid and performance bonds to various customers, principally to act as security for retention levels related to casualty insurance policies and to guarantee the performance of subsidiaries that engage in export and domestic transactions. At September 30, 2026, the Company had outstanding performance and financial standby letters of credit, as well as outstanding bid and performance bonds, aggregating to $34.0 million. If any such letters of credit or bonds are called, the Company would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or bond. The Company believes the likelihood of any currently outstanding letter of credit or bond being called is remote.

The Company has transactions involving the sale of equipment to certain of its customers that include (i) guarantees to repurchase the equipment for a fixed price at a future date and (ii) guarantees to repurchase the equipment from the third-party lender in the event of default by the customer. As of September 30, 2026, both the single year and maximum potential cash payments the Company could be required to make to repurchase equipment under these agreements amounted to $12.8 million. The Company’s risk under these repurchase arrangements would be partially mitigated by the value of the products repurchased as part of the transaction. Historical cash requirements and losses associated with these obligations have not been significant but could increase if customer defaults exceed current expectations.

The Company has certain lease agreements for facilities owned by affiliates that include provisions requiring the Company to guarantee any remaining lease payments in the event of default. As of September 30, 2026, the total amount of future payments guaranteed under these agreements was approximately $3.6 million. The Company believes the likelihood of defaulting on these leases is remote.

Product Warranties

The Company issues product performance warranties to customers with the sale of its products. The specific terms and conditions of these warranties vary depending upon the product sold and country in which the Company does business, with warranty periods generally ranging fromone tofive years. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the sale of the related product is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include (i) the number of units under warranty, (ii) historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and (iii) costs per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s warranty liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to various claims, including pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews uninsured material legal claims against the Company and accrues for the costs of such claims as appropriate in the exercise of management’s best judgment and experience. However, due to a lack of factual information available to the Company about a claim, or the procedural stage of a claim, it may not be possible for the Company to reasonably assess either the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome of the claim or to reasonably estimate the amount of loss should there be an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, for many claims, the Company cannot reasonably estimate a range of loss.

The Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flow.

As of September 30, 2026, the Company had accrued a liability of $3.0 million related to a legal dispute associated with a business discontinued in 2012. The liability is included in Other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company recognized charges of $2.0 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in Selling, engineering, general and administrative (“SEG&A”) expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations related to this matter.

Hearing Loss Litigation

Between 1999 and 2017, the Company was sued for monetary damages by multiple firefighters claiming that exposure to the Company’s sirens impaired their hearing and that the sirens were therefore defective. The Company has vigorously defended itself against these claims, obtaining many jury verdicts in its favor and settling some for nominal amounts. In 2018, counsel for the remaining plaintiffs requested that the Company consider settlement, and on November 4, 2019, the parties executed a global settlement agreement pursuant to which the Company would pay $700 to each firefighter who filed a lawsuit and is eligible to be part of the settlement, and $300 to each firefighter who has not yet filed a case and is eligible to be part of the settlement. The settlement agreement requires plaintiffs’ attorneys to withdraw from representing firefighters who elect not to participate in the settlement and does not include the payment of any attorney fees by the Company. To be eligible for settlement, among other things, firefighters must provide proof that they have high frequency noise-induced hearing loss. As of September 30, 2026, the Company has recognized an estimated liability for the potential settlement amount. While it is reasonably possible that the ultimate resolution of this matter may result in a loss in excess of the amount accrued, the incremental loss is not expected to be material.

NOTE 10 –EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings per Share, which requires that non-vested restricted stock containing non-forfeitable dividend rights should be treated as participating securities pursuant to the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net income is reduced by the amount of dividends declared in the period for common stock and participating securities. The remaining undistributed earnings are then allocated to common stock and participating securities as if all of the net income for the period had been distributed. The amounts of distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 were insignificant and did not materially impact the calculation of basic or diluted EPS.

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the period.

Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the year, plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is determined using the more dilutive of the two-class method or alternative methods. The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive impact of our employee stock options and restricted stock units, and the contingently issuable method for our performance-based restricted stock unit awards.

For each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, options to purchase 0.1 million shares of the Company’s stock had an antidilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, options to purchase 0.2 million and 0.1 million shares of the Company’s stock, respectively, had an antidilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The following table reconciles Net income to basic and diluted EPS:

NOTE 11 –STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

On February 27, 2026, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per common share. The dividend totaled $9.2 million and was distributed on March 26, 2026 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 13, 2026.

On April 21, 2026, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per common share. The dividend totaled $9.1 million and was distributed on May 29, 2026 to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 15, 2026.

On July 27, 2026, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per common share. The dividend totaled $9.2 million and was distributed on August 27, 2026 to stockholders of record at the close of business on August 14, 2026.

On October 27, 2026, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.15 per common share payable on December 1, 2026 to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 13, 2026.

The Company paid dividends to stockholders of $8.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and $25.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Stock Repurchase Program

In March 2020, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program (the “March 2020 program”) of up to $75 million of the Company’s common stock.

In April 2025, the Board authorized an additional stock repurchase program (the “April 2025 program”) of up to $150 million of the Company’s common stock. The April 2025 program supplements the Board’s prior authorization under the March 2020 program, which remains in effect.

The stock repurchase programs are intended primarily to facilitate purchases of Company stock as a means to provide cash returns to stockholders, enhance stockholder returns, and manage the Company’s capital structure. Under its stock repurchase programs, the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time, shares of its outstanding common stock. Stock repurchases by the Company are subject to market conditions and other factors and may be commenced, suspended, or discontinued at any time.

During the three months ended September 30, 2026, the Company repurchased 45,047 shares for a total of $5.1 million under its stock repurchase programs, including $0.1 million that settled in the fourth quarter of 2026. During the nine months ended September 30, 2026, the Company repurchased 45,547 shares for a total of $5.2 million under its stock repurchase programs, including $0.1 million that settled in the fourth quarter of 2026. At the end of the third quarter of 2026, the Company had remaining authorization under its stock repurchase programs of approximately $152 million.

No shares were repurchased under the Company’s stock repurchase programs during the three months ended September 30, 2025. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company repurchased 531,497 shares for a total of $39.7 million under its stock repurchase programs.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax in the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax in the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

NOTE 12 —SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company hastwo reportable segments. Business units are organized under each reportable segment because they share certain characteristics, such as technology, marketing, distribution, and product application, which are expected to create long-term synergies.

The following tables summarize the Company’s financial performance by reportable segment and include reconciliations of segment operating income to consolidated Income before income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

(a) Represents net sales from external customers. Intersegment net sales are insignificant. Total of segment net sales agrees to Net sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

(a) Represents net sales from external customers. Intersegment net sales are insignificant. Total of segment net sales agrees to Net sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following tables summarize the Company’s financial performance by reportable segment and include reconciliations of segment operating income to consolidated income before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

(a) Represents net sales from external customers. Intersegment net sales are not significant. Total of segment net sales agrees to Net sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

(a) Represents net sales from external customers. Intersegment net sales are not significant. Total of segment net sales agrees to Net sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The following table summarizes the Company’s total depreciation and amortization by reportable segment and includes a reconciliation of total segment depreciation and amortization to total depreciation and amortization for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

(a) The amounts of depreciation and amortization disclosed by reportable segment are included within cost of sales; selling, engineering, general, and administrative expenses; and other segment items in the tables above.

The following table summarizes the Company’s total assets by reportable segment and includes a reconciliation of total segment assets to total assets as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

The following table summarizes the Company’s total capital expenditures by reportable segment and includes a reconciliation of total segment capital expenditures to total capital expenditures for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

NOTE 13 –FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of inputs are classified as follows:

•Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2 — observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

•Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework. The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents primarily consist of time-based deposits and interest-bearing instruments with maturities of three months or less. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 due to the short-term nature of these instruments and measured the fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.

Interest Rate Swaps

As described in Note 5 – Debt, the Company has, from time to time, executed interest rate swaps as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on a portion of its floating-rate debt. The Company classifies its interest rate swaps as Level 2 due to the use of a discounted cash flow model based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) to calculate the fair value of the swaps. The Company had no interest rate swaps outstanding as of September 30, 2026.

Contingent Consideration

As of September 30, 2026, the Company had contingent obligations to transfer up to $4.8 million and $54.0 million to the former owners of Standard Equipment Company (“Standard”) and New Way, respectively, if specified financial results are met over future reporting periods (i.e., an earn-out). The Standard and New Way acquisitions were completed on October 4, 2024 and November 25, 2025, respectively. The Standard contingent earn-out payment, if earned, would be due to be paid following the end of the performance period, which concludes on January 1, 2027. The New Way contingent earn-out payment, if earned, would be due to be paid following the end of the performance period, which concludes on December 31, 2027.

The Company also previously had contingent obligations to transfer up to $3.9 million to the former owners of Blasters, Inc. and Blasters Technologies, LLC (collectively, “Blasters”) and up to $15.0 million to the former owner of Hog. The applicable performance period for the Blasters earn-out ended on January 3, 2026. During the second quarter of 2026, the Company determined that no additional consideration was payable to the former owners of Blasters. The applicable performance period for the Hog earn-out ended on December 31, 2025. During the first quarter of 2026, the Company determined that, based on the achievement of certain financial results, the full amount of the contingent consideration had been earned, and paid an additional $15.0 million to the former owner of Hog. See Note 2 - Acquisitions for additional information.

Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition-date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred. Subsequent changes in fair value are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company uses an income approach to value the contingent consideration liability based on the present value of risk-adjusted future cash flows under either a scenario-based or option-pricing method, as appropriate. Due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs, such as prospective financial information or probabilities of future events as of September 30, 2026, the Company has classified the contingent consideration liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy outlined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements.

The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2026:

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

(a) Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related expenses, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 14 –SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Acquisition of Global Vacuum Systems

On October 28, 2026, the Company completed the acquisition of substantially all the assets and operations of Global Vacuum Systems, LLC (“GVS”), a manufacturer of custom liquid vacuum trucks, for an initial purchase price of approximately $29 million. The initial purchase price, which includes the acquisition of GVS’s manufacturing facility in Texas and is subject to certain post-closing adjustments, was funded through existing cash on hand and borrowings under the Company’s credit agreement.

The preliminary purchase price allocation has not been completed as of the date of this Form 10-Q due to the proximity of the date of acquisition to the date of issuance of the condensed consolidated financial statements. The post-acquisition operating results of GVS are expected to be included within the Environmental Solutions Group.