Fathom Holdings Inc.

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below together with the other information included in this Report, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report. The occurrence of any of the following risks may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, reputation and future prospects. In this event, the market price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

We have a history of losses, and we might not be able to achieve or sustain profitability.

We experienced net losses of approximately $20.3 million and $21.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We cannot guarantee when or if we will achieve sustained profitability, particularly considering current economic uncertainty and increased interest rates. We expect to make significant future expenditures to develop and expand our business. We might not achieve sufficient revenue to achieve or maintain profitability. We could incur significant losses in the future for many reasons, including the other risks described in this Report, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays and other unknown events. Accordingly, we might not be able to achieve or maintain profitability and we may incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

If we do not remain an innovative leader in the real estate industry, we might not be able to grow our business and leverage our costs to achieve profitability.

Innovation has been critical to our ability to compete for clients and real estate agents. If competitors follow our practices or develop more innovative practices, our ability to achieve profitability may diminish or erode. For example, other brokerages could develop or license cloud-based office platforms that are equal to or superior to ours. If we do not remain on the forefront of innovation, we might not be able to achieve or sustain profitability, particularly in the current environment of economic uncertainty and increased interest rates, which are having a negative effect on the real estate industry.

The market for Internet products and services is characterized by rapid technological developments, evolving industry standards and customer demands, and frequent new product introductions and enhancements. Our future success will depend in significant part on our ability to continually improve the performance, features and reliability of our technological developments in response to both evolving demands of the marketplace and competitive product offerings, and there can be no assurance that we will be successful in doing so.

We intend to continue to make investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new features and products or enhance our existing products, improve our operating infrastructure, or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we might need to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing shareholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences, and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. Any debt financing we secure in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which might make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. We might not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be impaired, and our business might be harmed.

We might not be able to effectively manage rapid growth in our business.

We might not be able to scale our business services and support quickly enough to meet the growing needs of our real estate agents. If we are not able to grow efficiently, our operating results could be harmed. As we continue to add new agents and make acquisitions, we will need to devote additional financial and human resources to improving our internal systems, integrating with third-party systems, and maintaining infrastructure performance. In addition, we will need to appropriately scale our internal business systems and our services organization, including support of our affiliated agents as our demographics expand over time. Any failure of, or delay in, these efforts could impair system performance and negatively impact our agents' satisfaction. These issues could result in difficulty in both attracting and retaining agents. Even if we can upgrade our systems and expand our staff, such expansion may be expensive, complex, and place increasing demands on our management. We could also face inefficiencies or operational failures as a result of our efforts to scale our infrastructure and we might not be successful in maintaining adequate financial and operating systems and controls as we expand. Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with upgrading, improving and expanding our information technology systems. We cannot be sure that the expansion and improvements to our infrastructure and systems will be fully or effectively implemented on a timely basis, if at all. These efforts may reduce revenue and our margins and adversely impact our financial results.

Continued technological and geographic growth could also strain our ability to maintain reliable service levels for our users and advertisers, develop and improve our operational, financial, and management controls, enhance our reporting systems and procedures, and recruit, train, and retain highly skilled personnel. Our products are accessed by many users, often simultaneously. If the use of our marketplace continues to expand, we might not be able to scale our technology to accommodate increased capacity requirements, which might result in interruptions or delays in service. The failure of our systems and operations to meet our capacity requirements could result in interruptions or delays in service or impede our ability to scale our operations.

These issues could result in difficulty in both attracting and retaining agents. Even if we are able to upgrade our systems and expand our staff, such expansion may be expensive, complex, and place increasing demands on our management. We could also face inefficiencies or operational failures as a result of our efforts to scale our infrastructure and we might not be successful in maintaining adequate financial and operating systems and controls as we expand. Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with upgrading, improving and expanding our information technology systems. We cannot be sure that the expansion and improvements to our infrastructure and systems will be fully or effectively implemented on a timely basis, if at all. These efforts may reduce revenue and our margins and adversely impact our financial results.

If we fail to grow in the various local markets that we serve or are unsuccessful in identifying and pursuing new business opportunities our long-term prospects and profitability will be harmed.

To capture and retain market share in the various local markets that we serve, we must compete successfully against other brokerages for agents and for the consumer relationships that they bring. Our competitors could lower the fees that they charge to agents or could raise the compensation structure for those agents. Our competitors may have access to greater financial resources than we, allowing them to undertake expensive local advertising or marketing efforts. In addition, our competitors may be able to leverage local relationships, referral sources, and strong local brand and name recognition that we have not established. Our competitors could, as a result, have greater leverage in attracting both new and established agents in the market and in generating business among local consumers. Our ability to grow in the local markets that we serve will depend on our ability to compete with these local brokerages.

If we don't grow organically in local markets, or if we fail to successfully identify and pursue new business opportunities we may decide to change our business model and operations to improve revenue. Such changes may disproportionately increase our expenses or reduce profit margins. For example, we may allocate resources to acquire lower margin brokerage models or to develop a commercial real estate division. These decisions could involve significant up-front costs that may only be recovered after long periods of time. In addition, any of these additional activities could expose us to additional compliance obligations and regulatory risks.

If we fail to continue to grow in the local markets we serve or if we fail to successfully identify and pursue new business opportunities, our long-term prospects, financial condition and results of operations may be harmed, and our stock price may decline.

Our value proposition for agents includes allowing them to keep more of their commissions than traditional companies do. If agents do not understand our value proposition, we might not be able to attract, retain and incentivize agentsor maintain our agent growth rate, which would adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.

Participation in our commission plan represents a key component of our agent and broker value proposition. Agents might not understand or appreciate our value. In addition, agents might not appreciate other components of our value proposition including the systems and tools that we provide to agents, and the professional development opportunities we create and deliver. We compete with many other real estate brokerages for qualified agents and if agents do not understand the elements of our agent value proposition, or do not perceive it to be more valuable than the models used by most competitors, we might not be able to attract, retain and incentivize new and existing agents to grow our revenue. This could also negatively impact our agent growth rate. Our net licensed agent and broker base decreased by approximately 1.2% from approximately 14,300 agent licenses at December 31, 2024, to approximately 14,135 agent licenses at December 31, 2025. Because we derive revenue from real estate transactions in which our agents receive commissions, the size of our licensed agent base directly impacts our revenue. If declines in our agent base are not offset by increased productivity or transaction volume, our revenue and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our agent commission plans, including Fathom Max and Fathom Share, might not positively contribute to agent recruitment and retention, which would adversely affect our revenue growth and results of operations.

We introduced two new agent commission plans in August 2024. These new plans, Fathom Max and Fathom Share, were designed to enhance agent recruitment and retention while reinforcing our commitment to provide flexible, attractive options for agents. However, our new plans might not work as designed and might not deliver agent growth and retention, particularly if agents do not appreciate or understand the commission plans. If our new plans do not work as intended, our agent growth rate might be affected, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

If we fail to expand effectively into adjacent markets, our growth prospects could be harmed.

We intend to expand our operations into adjacent real estate markets, such as rental properties, mortgages, and home improvement. We also intend to expand our geographic market as well, including additional U.S. geographic markets, as well as potentially international markets. We may incur losses or otherwise fail to enter these markets successfully. Our expansion into these markets will place us in competitive environments with which we are unfamiliar and involves various risks, including the need to invest significant resources and the possibility that returns on such investments will not be achieved for several years, or at all. In attempting to establish a presence in new markets, we expect to incur significant expenses and face various other challenges, such as expanding our sales force and management personnel to cover these markets.

Our historical revenue growth rates might not be indicative of our future growth, and we might not continue to grow at our recent pace, or at all.

For the year ended December 31, 2025, our revenue increased to $420.5 million from $335.2 million, which represents an increase of approximately 25.4%. We believe that our future revenue growth will depend, among other factors, on our ability to:

•Recruit additional agents and collect additional commissions from existing agents;

•Increase our brand awareness;

•Successfully develop and deploy new products for the residential real estate industry;

•Integrate acquired companies, including those offering new ancillary services, such as title, insurance, and mortgage into our product offerings to increase our revenue per agent transaction;

•Respond effectively to competitive threats, including recent industry consolidation; and

•Successfully expand our business into adjacent markets.

We might not be successful in our efforts to do any of the foregoing, and any failure to be successful in these matters could materially and adversely affect our revenue. Our past revenue growth is not indicative of our future growth.

We currently use and intend to continue to use Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, in reporting our annual and quarterly results of operations; however, Adjusted EBITDA is not equivalent to net income (loss) from operations as determined under GAAP, and shareholders may consider GAAP measures to be more relevant to our operating performance.

As part of our reporting of our annual and quarterly results of operations, we publish and intend to continue to publish measures compiled in accordance with GAAP as well as non-GAAP financial measures, along with a reconciliation between the GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. The reconciling items adjust amounts reported in accordance with GAAP for certain items which are described in detail in our published results of operations. Our financial statements themselves do not and will not contain any non-GAAP financial measures.

Specifically, we use Adjusted EBITDA, which we use to represent net income (loss), excluding other income (expense), income taxes expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation expense and transaction-related costs. We believe the exclusion of share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards and stock options provides a useful supplemental measure in evaluating the performance of our operations and provides better transparency of our results of operations. We believe that our non-GAAP financial measures are meaningful to investors when analyzing our results of operations, as they are a key metric used by our management for financial and operational decision-making.

The market price of our stock may fluctuate based on future non-GAAP results if investors base their investment decisions on such non-GAAP financial measures. If we decide to alter or discontinue the use of non-GAAP financial measures in reporting our annual and quarterly results of operations, the market price of our stock could be adversely affected if investors analyze our performance in a different manner.

Adverse outcomes in litigation and regulatory actions against other companies and agents in our industry could adversely impact our financial results.

Adverse outcomes in legal and regulatory actions against other companies, brokers, and agents in the residential and commercial real estate industry may adversely impact the financial condition of the Company and our real estate brokers and agents when those matters relate to business practices shared by the Company, our real estate brokers and agents, or our industry at large. Such matters may include, without limitation, the federal Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 and state consumer protection laws, antitrust and anticompetition, and worker classification claims. Additionally, the success of plaintiffs or regulatory bodies in such actions, may increase the likelihood that similar claims are made against the Company and/or our real estate brokers and agents, which could result in significant liability and adversely impact our financial results if we or our brokers and agents are unable to distinguish or defend our business practices.

As an example, in the matter of Burnett v. National Association of Realtors (U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri), a federal jury found that the NAR and certain other remaining brokerage defendants liable for $1.8 billion in damages on claims that these companies conspired to artificially inflate brokerage commissions, which is in violation of federal antitrust law (the “Burnett Ruling”). The verdict was appealed on October 31, 2023. Additionally, certain other brokerage defendants settled with the plaintiffs, including both monetary and non-monetary settlement terms. That same day, the NAR, eXp World Holdings, Inc., Compass, Inc., Redfin Corporation, Weichert Realtors, United Real Estate, Howard Hann Real Estate Services, and Douglas Elliman, Inc. were named as defendants in Gibson v. National Association of Realtors (U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri), alleging a similar fact pattern and antitrust violations. On or about March 15, 2024, NAR agreed to settle the Burnett Ruling, along with similar litigation, by agreeing to pay $418 million over approximately four years, and changing certain of its rules surrounding agent commissions (the “NAR Settlement”). On November 26, 2024, the NAR Settlement was granted over objections, which resolved the claims against the Company.

Due to the NAR Settlement, there may be rule changes for the NAR. As a result of the NAR Settlement, effective mid-July 2024, NAR put in place a new rule prohibiting offers of compensation on the MLS, and adopted rules requiring written agreements between buyers and buyers’ agents. The direct and indirect effects, if any, of the NAR Settlement and similar settlements upon the real estate industry are not yet entirely clear. There could also be further changes in real estate industry practices. All of this has prompted discussion of regulatory changes to rules established by local or state real estate boards or multiple listing services and may require changes to brokers’ business models, including changes in agent and broker compensation.

Because we charge our agents a flat fee per transaction, our agents have always been empowered to negotiate their own fees. Further, the flat fee per transaction model eliminates any incentive for us to interfere with our agent’s ability to negotiate their fees, as changes in agent commission does not affect our net income. Agents who can set their own fees can tailor fees to better compete in their target market, affording them greater flexibility. Agents who are better positioned to compete in their markets will likely increase their transaction volume, which would positively impact our revenues since we are paid on a per-transaction basis. We believe the freedom of our agents to negotiate their own fees helps us recruit and retain agents without having any material adverse effect on our operations, revenues, earnings, or financial results.

We face significant risk to our brand and revenue if we fail to maintain compliance with the law and regulations of federal, state, foreign, or county governmental authorities, or private associations and governing boards.

We operate in a heavily regulated industry with regulated labor classifications which present significant risks in general for each potential instance in which we fail to comply.

Our agents could be classified as either employees or independent contractors, and we could potentially misclassify or fail to consistently comply with the requirements of such classifications. Classifications and compliance are subject to the Internal Revenue Service regulations and applicable state law guidelines and penalties.

Classifications, regulations and guidelines for agents are subject to judicial and agency interpretation as well as periodic changes. Changes, or any indication of changes, may adversely impact our workforce classifications, expenses, compensation, commission structure, roles and responsibilities and broker organization.

In addition to workforce regulations and classifications, complex, heavily regulated federal, state and local authority laws, regulations and policies govern our real estate business, as well as our title, title insurance, insurance, mortgage, lead generation, and other ancillary services.

The laws, rules and regulations applicable to our business practices include, without limitation:

•RESPA;

•The federal Fair Housing Act;

•The Dodd-Frank Act;

•Federal advertising laws, as well as comparable state statutes;

•Rules of trade organizations such as the NAR, local MLSs, and state and local AORs;

•Licensing requirements and related obligations that could arise from our business practices relating to the provision of services other than real estate brokerage services, including our title, insurance and mortgage businesses;

•Privacy regulations relating to our use of personal information collected from the registered users of our websites;

•Laws relating to the use and publication of information through the Internet; and

•State real estate brokerage licensing requirements, as well as statutory due diligence, disclosure, record keeping and standard-of-care obligations relating to these licenses.

The U.S. Department of Justice has opened an anti-trust investigation of some of our biggest competitors, and they are defendants in related lawsuits that could negatively impact our industry.

In addition, Fathom Realty, LLC (“Fathom Realty”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, has been named as a defendant in two purported class actions in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas Sherman Division. The complaints allege that coordination among several realtor associations, MLSs, and Texas real estate brokerages resulted in inflated commissions paid by home sellers to buyer brokers beginning in 2019. The Company believes the lawsuits are without merit, particularly with respect to Fathom Realty, and intends to vigorously defend itself.

Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act contains the Mortgage Reform and Anti-Predatory Lending Act (the "Mortgage Act"), which imposes several additional requirements on lenders and servicers of residential mortgage loans by amending certain existing provisions and adding new sections to RESPA and other federal laws. The Mortgage Act also broadly prohibits unfair, deceptive or abusive acts and practices, and knowingly or recklessly providing substantial assistance to a covered person in violation of that prohibition. The Mortgage Act also significantly increased the penalties for noncompliance with these laws, which could lead to an increase in lawsuits against mortgage lenders and servicers.

Maintaining legal compliance is challenging and increases our costs due to the resources required to continually monitor business practices for compliance with laws, rules and regulations, and to monitor changes in existing applicable laws and the enactment of new ones.

We might not be aware of all the laws, rules and regulations applicable to our business, or be able to comply with all of them, given the rate of regulatory changes, ambiguities in regulations, contradictions in laws and regulations between jurisdictions, and the difficulties in achieving both company-wide and jurisdiction-specific knowledge and compliance.

If we fail, or we have been alleged to have failed, to comply with any applicable laws, rules and regulations, we could be subject to lawsuits and administrative complaints and proceedings, as well as criminal proceedings. Our noncompliance could result in significant defense costs, settlement costs, damages and penalties.

Additionally, our business licenses could be suspended or revoked, our business practices enjoined, or we could be required to modify our business practices, which could materially impair, or even prevent, our ability to conduct all or any portion of our business. Any such events could also damage our reputation and impair our ability to attract and service home buyers, home sellers and agents, as well our ability to attract brokerages, teams of agents and individual agents to our Company, without increasing our costs.

Further, if we lose our ability to obtain and maintain the regulatory approvals and licenses necessary to conduct business as we currently operate, our ability to conduct business may be harmed. Lastly, any lobbying or related activities we undertake regarding existing, proposed, or new regulations could substantially increase our operating expenses.

If we fail to protect the privacy or personal information of employees, independent contractors, or consumers, or if we fail to comply with privacy or data security legal requirements, our reputation and business could be significantly harmed.

Tens of thousands of consumers, independent contractors, and employees have shared personal information with us during the normal course of our business. Such information includes, but is not limited to, social security numbers, annual income amounts and sources, names, addresses, phone numbers, and email addresses.

The application, disclosure and safeguarding of this information is regulated by federal and state privacy laws. To comply with privacy laws, we have adopted a privacy policy (the "Privacy Policy") governing our use and safeguarding of personal information. Our Privacy Policy includes informing consumers, independent contractors and employees that we will not share their personal information with third parties without their prior consent unless required to do so by law.

Privacy policies and compliance with federal and state privacy laws present risks including legal liability. We might not become aware of all privacy laws, changes to privacy laws, or third-party privacy regulations governing the real estate business or be unable to comply with all of these regulations, given the rate of regulatory changes, ambiguities in regulations, contradictions in regulations between jurisdictions, and the difficulties in achieving both company-wide and jurisdiction-specific knowledge and compliance.

Our Privacy Policy and safeguards could be deemed insufficient if third parties with whom we have shared personal information fail to safeguard that information. Legal liability under such laws would impose significant costs and would damage our reputation. Any of these consequences could result in a material adverse impact on our brand, business model, and operating results.

We participate in a highly competitive market, and pressure from existing and new competitors might adversely affect our business and operating results.

The market to provide home listings and marketing services for the residential real estate industry is highly competitive and fragmented. Homes are typically marketed through multiple channels. Accordingly, current and potential competitors could aggregate a set of listings similar to ours. We compete with online real estate marketplaces, such as Zillow and Realtor.com, and traditional offline media. We compete to attract consumers by the number and quality of listings; user experience; the breadth, depth, and relevance of insights and other content on homes, neighborhoods, and professionals; brand and reputation; and the quality of mobile products. We compete to attract real estate professionals through the quality of our website and mobile products; the size and attractiveness of the consumer audience; the quality and measurability of the leads we generate; the perceived return on investment we deliver and the effectiveness of marketing and workflow tools. We also compete for advertisers against other media, including print media, television and radio, social networks, search engines, other websites, and email marketing. We compete primarily on the size and attractiveness of the audience, pricing, and the ability to target desired audiences.

Many of our existing competitors have substantial competitive advantages, such as:

•greater scale;

•stronger brands and greater name recognition;

•longer operating histories;

•larger budgets and greater financial resources, for research and development, sales and marketing;

•more extensive relationships with participants in the residential real estate industry, such as brokers, agents, and advertisers;

•stronger relationships with third-party data providers, such as multiple listing services and listing aggregators;

•access to larger user bases; and

•larger intellectual property portfolios.

These advantages could be increasingly important considering current economic uncertainties and increased interest rates, and recent industry consolidation could further strengthen industry competition.

Our competitors' success could result in the loss of market share.

There is also intense competition for the ancillary services we offer including title insurance, mortgage and lead generation. Our efforts to create a more complete transaction experience for consumers through these services will require significant integration and coordination and might not positively impact our financial performance particularly if agents or consumers perceive that our competitors offer more attractive rates or a better transactional experience. This increased competition could stall our growth in these areas.

We expect increased competition if our market continues to expand. In addition, our competitors might be acquired by third parties with greater resources than we, which would further strengthen our competitors and enable them to compete more vigorously or broadly with us. If we cannot compete effectively, our business and operating results will be materially and adversely affected.

Listing aggregator concentration and market power creates, and is expected to continue to create, disruption in the residential real estate brokerage industry, which might have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The concentration and market power of the top real estate listing aggregators allow them to monetize their platforms by expanding into the brokerage business, charging significant referral, listing, and display fees diluting the relationship between agents and brokers and between agents and the consumer, tying referrals to use of their products, consolidating and leveraging data, and engaging in preferential or exclusionary practices to favor or disfavor other industry participants. These actions divert and reduce the earnings of other industry participants, including the Company and its agents.

One dominant listing aggregator has introduced an iBuying offering to consumers and recently launched a brokerage with employee sales agents in several locations to support this offering, and has joined many local MLSs as a broker to gain electronic access directly to real estate listings rather than relying on disparate electronic feeds from other brokers participating in MLS or MLS syndication feeds. If this listing aggregator or another aggregator is successful in gaining market share with such offering, it could control significant industry inventory and an increasing portion of agent referrals, including the ability to direct referrals to agents and brokers that share revenue with them. In addition, this listing aggregator may attempt to use its growing influence to displace or preempt its competitors before they can reach customers.

Aggregators could intensify their current business tactics or introduce new programs that could be materially disadvantageous to our business including, but not limited to:

•broadening and/or increasing fees for their programs that charge brokerages and their affiliated sales agents fees including fees for referral, listing, display, and advertising;

•establishing competing brokerages and/or expanding their offerings to include products (including agent tools) and ancillary services, such as title, escrow and mortgage origination services, that compete with our offerings;

•excluding the Company's listings or its franchisees’ listings on their websites;

•controlling significant inventory and agent referrals, tying referrals to use of their products, and/or engaging in preferential or exclusionary practices to favor or disfavor other industry participants;

•utilizing their aggregated data for competitive advantage and/or establishing oppressive contract terms, including with respect to data sharing requirements; and/or

•disintermediating our relationship with affiliated franchisees and independent sales agents and/or the relationship between the independent sales agent and the buyers and sellers of homes.

Such tactics could further increase pressures on our revenue and profitability, and the profitability of our agents, which could harm our business and results of operations.

Our operating results are subject to seasonality and vary significantly among quarters during each calendar year, making meaningful comparisons of successive quarters difficult.

Seasons and weather traditionally impact the real estate industry. Historically, spring and summer reflect greater sales activity compared to fall and winter. We have historically experienced lower revenues during the fall and winter seasons, as well as during periods of unseasonable weather, which reduces our results of operations. Because real estate listings precede sales, a period of poor listings activity could negatively impact revenue. Past performance in similar seasons or during similar weather events can provide no assurance of future performance, and macroeconomic shifts in the markets we serve can obscure the impact of seasonality.

Home sales in successive quarters can fluctuate widely due to a wide variety of seasonal factors, including holidays, and the school year calendar’s impact on timing of family relocations. Our revenue and operating margins each quarter

(including downstream revenue at our title, insurance and mortgage groups) is subject to seasonal fluctuations, which may make it difficult to compare or analyze our financial performance effectively across successive quarters.

Our business could be adversely affected if we are unable to expand, maintain and improve the systems and technologies upon which we rely to operate.

As the numbers of our agents, acquired companies, and business lines increase, our success will depend on our ability to expand, maintain, and improve the technology that supports our business operations, including, but not limited to, our cloud office platform and our ability to adopt and integrate new technologies such as machine learnings and artificial intelligence ("AI") solutions. Loss of key personnel or the lack of adequate staffing with the requisite expertise and training could impede our efforts in this regard. If we fail to adopt and offer new in-demand technologies, and/or if our systems and technologies lack capacity or quality necessary to service agents and their clients, our products could be less attractive to agents, the level of client service and transaction volume afforded by our systems could suffer, and our costs could increase. Our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI and emerging technologies into their products or operations more quickly or more successfully than we do, which could impact our ability to compete effectively. Additionally, AI algorithms and other emerging technologies may be flawed and datasets underlying such technologies may be insufficient or contain biased information. If the new technologies integrated into our products or that we use in our operations produce analyses or recommendations that are, or are alleged to be, deficient, inaccurate, or biased, our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, if our systems, procedures or controls are not adequate to provide reliable, accurate and timely financial and other reporting, we might not be able to satisfy regulatory scrutiny or contractual obligations with third parties and our reputation could be damaged. Any of these events could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations.

Cybersecurity incidents, data breaches and other privacy/data security incidents could disrupt our business operations, result in the loss or exposure of critical, confidential and/or sensitive information, adversely impact our reputation, result in costly regulatory investigations or litigation, create legal liability and harm our business.

Cybersecurity incidents, data breaches and other types of privacy/data security incidents are not uncommon in our industry due to the nature of our industry’s services, the volume of sensitive information involved, and the desirability of that information to bad actors. Incidents involving phishing, hacking and unintentional exposure of sensitive information, among others, can and do occur. Cybersecurity and other threats directed at us could range from uncoordinated attempts to gain unauthorized access to information technology systems to sophisticated, targeted measures aimed at disrupting business or gathering personal data of customers, employees, contractors and other individuals. Recent high-profile ransomware attacks are examples of the cybersecurity risks we face.

In the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including proprietary business information and personal information about our customers, employees and contractors. Our business, and particularly our cloud-based platform, is reliant on the uninterrupted functioning of our information technology systems. The secure processing, maintenance, and transmission of information are critical to our operations, especially the processing and closing of real estate transactions. Although we employ measures designed to prevent, detect, address, and mitigate these threats (including access controls, data encryption, vulnerability assessments, and maintenance of backup and protective systems), cybersecurity incidents and other privacy/data security incidents, depending on their nature and scope, could potentially result in the misappropriation, destruction, corruption, or unavailability of critical data and confidential or proprietary information (our own or that of third parties, including potentially sensitive personal information of our customers) and the disruption of business operations. Any such compromises to our security could harm our reputation, which could cause customers or agents to lose confidence in us. In addition, we may incur significant costs for remediation that may include liability for stolen assets or information, repair of system damage, and compensation to customers and business partners. We may also be subject to legal claims, government investigation, and additional state and federal statutory requirements.

Like others in our industry, we experience immaterial privacy/data security incidents, such as cybersecurity incidents and other attempts to disrupt or gain unauthorized access to our systems on a regular basis and instances of unauthorized or inadvertent access to or disclosure of sensitive personal information. When we become aware of privacy/data security incidents, we work diligently to address them, including by working to terminate unauthorized or inappropriate access and implementing additional measures and operational changes to avoid reoccurrence and future incidents. The consequences of a material privacy/data security incident can include violations of applicable privacy or data security laws, reputational damage, loss of market value, costly litigation with third parties (which could result in our exposure to material civil or criminal liability) and regulatory investigations, diminution in the value of the services we provide to our customers, and increased cybersecurity protection and remediation costs (that may include liability for stolen assets or information), which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our competitiveness and results of operations. For more information see, "Item 1C. Cybersecurity."

The performance and reliability of our systems and operations are critical to our reputation and ability to attract agents and teams of agents to join our Company as well as our ability to service home buyers and sellers. Our systems and operations are vulnerable to security breaches, interruption or malfunction due to certain events beyond our control, including natural disasters, such as earthquakes, fire and flood, power loss, telecommunication failures, break-ins, sabotage, computer viruses, intentional acts of vandalism and similar events. In addition, we rely on third-party vendors to provide the cloud office platform and additional systems and related support. If we cannot retain these services on acceptable terms, our access to these systems and services could be interrupted. Any security breach, interruption, delay or failure in our systems and operations could substantially reduce the transaction volume that can be processed with our systems, impair quality of service, increase costs, prompt litigation and other consumer claims, and damage our reputation, any of which could substantially harm our financial condition.

If our mortgage business is unable to sell its originated loans, we would need to service the loans and potentially foreclose on the home or do so through a third party, either of which could impose significant costs, on the Company. Our inability to sell originated loans could also expose us to adverse market conditions affecting mortgage loans.

Our mortgage business, Encompass Lending Group, intends to sell the mortgage loans that it originates to investors in the secondary mortgage market. Our ability to sell originated loans in the secondary market and receive net proceeds from the sale that exceed the loan amount depends largely on liquidity of the secondary market. While the residential real estate market has been impacted by the recent increase in real estate mortgage interest rates, the secondary market for mortgage loans remains stable. However, the secondary market can experience negative impact if interest rates move faster than the market can adjust as occurred in 2008 and 2009, which could negatively impact our business.

Our inability to sell originated loans, would expose us to adverse market conditions affecting mortgage loans. For example, we may be required to write down the value of the loan, which reduces the amount of our current assets. Additionally, if we borrowed under a warehouse credit facility for the loan, then we could be required to repay the borrowed amount, which reduces our cash on hand available for other corporate uses. Finally, if a homeowner was unable to make his or her mortgage payments, we may be required to foreclose on the home securing the loan. We do not currently have processes to foreclose a home, and we may be unable to establish such processes or retain a third party to do so on acceptable terms. Furthermore, any proceeds from selling a foreclosed home may be significantly less than the remaining amount of the loan due to us.

If we are unable to obtain sufficient financing through warehouse credit facilities to fund origination of mortgage loans, then we may be unable to grow our mortgage business.

We rely on borrowings from warehouse credit facilities to fund substantially all of the mortgage loans that our mortgage business originates. To grow, our mortgage business depends, on having sufficient borrowing capacity under current facilities or obtaining additional borrowing capacity under new facilities. The borrowing capacity under one or more of our current facilities may be reduced if we fail to comply with a facility’s ongoing obligations, including failing to satisfy financial covenants and cross-default clauses. If we were unable to receive the necessary capacity on acceptable terms and did not have sufficient liquidity or established operations to fund originations ourselves, we may be unable to maintain or increase the amount of mortgage loans that we originate, which would adversely affect the growth of our mortgage business.

We might identify material weaknesses that could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements of our financial statements. If we fail to remediate any material weaknesses or if we otherwise fail to establish and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.

We might identify material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting or fail to meet the demands that will be placed upon us as a public company, including the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and we may be unable to accurately report our financial results, or report them within the timeframes required by law or stock exchange regulations. We cannot provide assurance that material weaknesses do not exist, any of which could adversely affect our reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

We are a “smaller reporting company” and a non-accelerated filer and, as a result of the reduced disclosure and governance requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies and non-accelerated filers, our common stock may be less attractive to investors.

We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. As a “smaller reporting company,” we are subject to scaled disclosure obligations in our SEC filings compared to other issuers. Specifically, “smaller reporting companies” are able to provide simplified executive compensation disclosures in their filings, and have certain other reduced disclosure obligations in their SEC filings, including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports. Further, as a non-accelerated filer, we are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Decreased disclosures in our SEC filings due to our status as a “smaller reporting company” and non-accelerated filer may make it harder for investors to analyze our operating results and financial prospects.

Loss of our current executive officers or other key management could significantly harm our business

We depend on the industry experience and talent of our current executives, including Marco Fregenal, our President and Chief Executive Officer. We also rely on individuals in key management positions within our operations, finance, and technology teams. We believe that our future results depend, on our ability to retain and attract highly skilled and qualified management. The loss of our executive officers or any key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our operations because other officers might not have the experience and expertise to readily replace these individuals. To the extent that one or more of our top executives or other key management personnel depart, our operations and business prospects may be adversely affected. In addition, changes in executives and key personnel could be disruptive to our business. We do not have any key person insurance.

Employee or agent litigation and unfavorable publicity could negatively affect our future business.

Our employees or agents may, from time to time, bring lawsuits against us alleging injury, creation of a hostile workplace, discrimination, wage and hour disputes, sexual harassment, or other employment issues. In recent years there has been an increase in the number of discrimination and harassment claims against companies generally. Coupled with the expansion of social media platforms and similar devices that allow individuals access to a broad audience, these claims can have a significant negative impact on some businesses. Certain companies that have faced such lawsuits have terminated management or other key personnel as a result and have suffered reputational harm that has negatively impacted their business. If we were to face any claims, our business could be negatively affected.

Our intellectual property rights, including existing and future trademarks, trade secrets and copyrights, are important assets of our business. We have taken measures to protect our intellectual property, but these measures might not be sufficient or effective. We may bring lawsuits to protect against the potential infringement of our intellectual property rights and other companies, including our competitors, could make claims against us alleging our infringement of their intellectual property rights. There can be no assurance that we would prevail in such lawsuits. Any significant impairment of our intellectual property rights could harm our business.

We may evaluate potential vendors, suppliers and other business partners for acquisition in order to accelerate growth but might not succeed in identifying suitable candidates or may acquire businesses that negatively impact us.

As part of our growth strategy, we may evaluate the potential acquisition of businesses offering products or services that complement our services offerings. If we identify a business that we deem to be suitable for acquisition and complete an acquisition, our evaluation may prove inaccurate, and the acquisition may prove unsuccessful. In addition, an acquisition may prove unsuccessful if we fail to effectively execute a post-acquisition integration strategy. We may be unable to successfully integrate the systems and personnel of the acquired businesses. An acquisition could negatively impact our culture or undermine its core values. Acquisitions could disrupt our existing operations or cause management to divert its focus from our core business. An acquisition could cause potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities or could cause us to assume or incur unknown or unforeseen liabilities. From time to time, we intend to evaluate other brokerages for acquisition in order to accelerate growth and might not succeed in identifying suitable candidates or we may acquire brokerages that negatively impact us.

We have recently acquired businesses that are outside our core competencies as a real estate brokerage, which could be difficult to integrate, disrupt our core business, dilute shareholder value, and adversely affect our operating results.

In the past few years, we have made acquisitions outside our core real estate brokerage competency, including Verus Title Inc., Naberly Solutions, E4:9 Holdings, Inc. and Cornerstone. These acquisitions present challenges that, should we fail to understand or address adequately, could result in not achieving the expected financial results of these acquisitions. The acquisitions of less mature businesses carry the additional risk of not being supported by a history of operating results.

In addition, integrating the operations, technologies, services and personnel from acquisitions takes time and resources, and could disrupt our core business by diverting financial and managerial resources from existing operations. If we fail to properly integrate these acquisitions, we might not achieve their anticipated benefits.

Our future revenue and growth prospects could be adversely affected by our dependence on other contractors.

Our business is highly dependent on a few significant technology vendors. In the event we were to lose one of our significant vendor partners, we could be forced to source this technology from another vendor, which would take significant time and management attention. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by the loss of one key relationship, as it would take significant time to replace this relationship with uncertain results.

We are subject to certain risks related to litigation filed by or against us, and adverse results might harm our business and financial condition.

We are often involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business.

We cannot predict with certainty the cost of our defense, the cost of prosecution, insurance coverage, or the ultimate outcome of litigation and other proceedings filed by or against us, including remedies or damage awards. Adverse results in such litigation and other proceedings might harm our business and financial condition. Such litigation and other proceedings may include, but are not limited to, actions relating to intellectual property, commercial arrangements, negligence and fiduciary duty claims arising from our brokerage operations, actions against our title company for defalcations on closing payments or claims against the title agent contending that the agent knew or should have known that a transaction was fraudulent or that the agent was negligent in addressing title defects or conducting settlement, standard brokerage disputes like the failure to disclose hidden defects in a property such as mold, vicarious liability based upon conduct of individuals or entities we control, including our agents, third-party service or product providers, antitrust claims, general fraud claims, employment law claims, including claims challenging the classification of our agents as independent contractors and compliance with wage and hour regulations, and claims alleging violations of RESPA or state consumer fraud statutes. In addition, class action lawsuits can often be particularly burdensome given the breadth of claims, large potential damages and significant costs of defense. In the case of intellectual property litigation and proceedings, adverse outcomes could include the cancellation, invalidation or other loss of material intellectual property rights used in our business and injunctions prohibiting our use of business processes or technology that is subject to third-party patents or other third-party intellectual property rights. In addition, we may be required to enter into licensing agreements (if available on acceptable terms) and pay royalties.

We have general liability and an errors and omissions insurance policy to help protect us against claims of inadequate work or negligent action. However, this insurance might not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or a claim otherwise covered by our insurance may exceed our coverage limits, or a claim might not be covered at all. We may be subject to errors or omissions claims that could have an adverse effect on us. Moreover, defending a suit, regardless of its merits, could entail substantial expense and require the time and attention of key management.

We might experience significant claims relating to our operations, or losses resulting from fraud, defalcation or misconduct.

We issue title insurance policies covering real property to mortgage lenders and buyers of real property. When acting as a title agent issuing a policy on behalf of an underwriter, our insurance risk is typically limited to the first five thousand dollars for claims on any one policy, though our insurance risk is not limited if we are negligent. To date, we have experienced claims losses that are significantly below the industry average; however, our claims experience could increase in the future, which could negatively impact our profitability. We may also be subject to legal claims or additional claims losses arising from the handling of escrow transactions and closings by our owned title agency. We carry errors and omissions insurance for errors made by our title and escrow companies, errors made by our company owned brokerage business during the real estate settlement process, and errors made by us related to real estate services. The occurrence of a significant number of claims in any given period could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations during the period. In addition, insurance carriers may dispute coverage for various reasons and there can be no assurance that all claims will be covered by insurance. Fraud, defalcation and misconduct by employees are also risks inherent in our business, particularly given the high transactional volumes in our company owned brokerage, title, escrow and settlement services and relocation operations. To the extent that any loss or theft of funds substantially exceeds our insurance coverage, our business could be materially adversely affected.

We might use interest rate derivatives to manage our exposure to interest rate risks associated with our mortgage business.

To manage the risks associated with fluctuating interest rates, we might invest in derivative instruments in an attempt to offset this risk of volatility, although no hedging strategy can offer complete protection. We cannot assure our shareholders that our hedging strategy and the derivatives that we use will adequately offset the risk of interest rate volatility or that our hedging of these transactions will not result in losses. If we are not effective in hedging this volatility, we may experience an increase in our costs of borrowing and our business could be materially adversely affected.

Part of our technology is currently being developed in foreign countries, including Brazil, India, and the Philippines, which makes us subject to certain risks associated with foreign laws and regulations.

We currently develop portions of our technology in Brazil, India, and the Philippines and could conduct operations in other foreign jurisdictions in the future. Conducting business in foreign countries involves inherent risks, including, but not limited to: difficulties in staffing, funding and managing foreign operations; unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; export restrictions; tariffs and other trade barriers; difficulties in protecting, acquiring, enforcing and litigating intellectual property rights; fluctuations in currency exchange rates; and potentially adverse tax consequences.

If we were to experience any of the difficulties listed above, or any other difficulties, any international development activities and our overall financial condition may suffer.

There is an increasing focus from certain investors, employees, and other stakeholders concerning corporate responsibility, specifically related to environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) factors. Some investors may use these factors to guide their investment strategies and, in some cases, may choose not to invest in us if they believe our policies relating to corporate responsibility are inadequate. Third-party providers of corporate responsibility ratings and reports on companies have increased to meet growing investor demand for measurement of ESG performance. The criteria by which companies’ ESG practices are assessed may change, which could result in greater expectations of us and cause us to undertake costly initiatives to satisfy such new criteria. If we elect not to or are unable to satisfy such new criteria, investors may conclude that our corporate governance policies are inadequate. We may face reputational damage if our corporate responsibility procedures or standards do not meet the standards set by various constituencies. Furthermore, if our competitors’ corporate responsibility performance is perceived to be greater than ours, potential or current investors may elect to invest with our competitors instead. In addition, if we communicate certain initiatives and goals regarding ESG matters, we could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope of such initiatives or goals. If we fail to satisfy the expectations of investors, employees and other stakeholders or our initiatives are not executed as planned, our reputation and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.

Risks Related to Bitcoin Treasury Strategy

Our bitcoin treasury strategy could expose us to various risks associated with bitcoin.

In January 2025, our Board approved a bitcoin treasury strategy to allow bitcoin to be one of the Company’s treasury reserve assets (the “Bitcoin Treasury Strategy”). Our Bitcoin Treasury Strategy could expose us to various risks associated with bitcoin, including the following:

Bitcoin is a highly volatile asset. Bitcoin is a highly volatile asset that has traded below $64,900 per bitcoin and above $124,000 per bitcoin on Coinbase in the 12 months preceding the date of this Report. The trading price of bitcoin was significantly lower during prior periods, and such decline may occur again in the future.

Our Bitcoin Treasury Strategy has not been tested. We have not yet acquired bitcoin since the adoption of our Bitcoin Treasury Strategy in January 2025. Although we believe bitcoin, due to its limited supply, has the potential to serve as a hedge against inflation in the long term, the short-term price of bitcoin declined in recent periods during which the inflation rate increased. Some investors and other market participants may disagree with our bitcoin acquisition strategy or actions we undertake to implement it. If bitcoin prices were to decrease or our bitcoin acquisition strategy otherwise proves unsuccessful, our financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our common stock would be materially adversely impacted.

The broader digital assets industry is subject to counterparty risks, which could adversely impact the adoption rate, price, and use of bitcoin. A series of recent high-profile bankruptcies, closures, liquidations, regulatory enforcement actions and other events relating to companies operating in the digital asset industry, including the filings for bankruptcy protection by Three Arrows Capital, Celsius Network, Voyager Digital, FTX Trading and Genesis Global Capital, the closure or liquidation of certain financial institutions that provided lending and other services to the digital assets industry, including Signature Bank and Silvergate Bank, SEC enforcement actions against Coinbase, Inc. and Binance Holdings Ltd., the placement of Prime Trust, LLC into receivership following a cease-and-desist order issued by Nevada’s Department of Business and Industry, and the filing and subsequent settlement of a civil fraud lawsuit by the New York Attorney General against Genesis Global Capital, its parent company Digital Currency Group, Inc., and former partner Gemini Trust Company, have highlighted the counterparty risks applicable to owning and transacting in digital assets. Any similar bankruptcies, closures, liquidations and other events might result in a loss or misappropriation of our intended bitcoin holdings, or adversely impact our access to our bitcoin holdings. Further, any such bankruptcies, closures, liquidations, regulatory enforcement actions or other events involving participants in the digital assets industry may negatively impact the adoption rate, price, and use of bitcoin, limit our ability to collateralize financing with bitcoin, or create or expose additional counterparty risks.

Accounting treatment of our bitcoin holdings could have significant accounting impacts, including increasing the volatility of our results. In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-08, which requires us to measure any in-scope crypto assets (including bitcoin holdings) at fair value on our balance sheet, and to recognize gains and losses from changes in the fair value of bitcoin in net income each reporting period. ASU 2023-08 also requires us to provide certain interim and annual disclosures with respect to bitcoin holdings. To the extent we invest in bitcoin we expect ASU 2023-08 to increase the volatility of our financial results, and affect the carrying value of bitcoin on our balance sheet, and it could also have adverse tax consequences, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and the market price of our common stock.

Changes in our ownership of bitcoin could have accounting, regulatory and other impacts. While we currently intend to own bitcoin directly, we may investigate other potential approaches to owning bitcoin, including indirect ownership (for example, through ownership interests in a fund that owns bitcoin). If we were to own all or a portion of our bitcoin in a different manner, the accounting treatment for our bitcoin, our ability to use our bitcoin as collateral for additional borrowings, and the regulatory requirements to which we are subject, may change. For example, the volatile nature of bitcoin may force us to liquidate our holdings to use it as collateral, which could be negatively affected by any disruptions in the crypto market, and if liquidated, the value of the collateral would not reflect potential gains in market value of bitcoin, all of which could negatively affect our business and implementation of our bitcoin strategy.

The U.S. federal government, states, regulatory agencies, and foreign countries may also enact new laws and regulations, or pursue regulatory, legislative, enforcement or judicial actions, that could materially impact the price of bitcoin or the ability of individuals or institutions such as us to own or transfer bitcoin. It is not possible to predict whether, or when, Congress will grant additional authorities to the SEC or other regulators, or whether, or when, any other federal, state or foreign legislative bodies will take any similar actions. It is also impossible to predict the nature of any such additional authorities, how additional legislation or regulatory oversight might impact the ability of digital asset markets to function or the willingness of financial and other institutions to continue to provide services to the digital assets industry, or how any new regulations or changes to existing regulations might impact the value of digital assets generally and bitcoin specifically. The consequences of increased regulation of digital assets and digital asset activities could adversely affect the market price of bitcoin and in turn adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Moreover, the risks of engaging in the Bitcoin Treasury Strategy are relatively novel and have created, and could continue to create, complications due to the lack of experience that third parties have with companies engaging in such a strategy, such as increased costs of director and officer liability insurance or the potential inability to obtain such coverage on acceptable terms in the future.

The growth of digital assets in general, and the use and acceptance of bitcoin in particular, may also impact the price of bitcoin and is uncertain. The pace of worldwide growth in the adoption and use of bitcoin may depend, for instance, on public familiarity with digital assets, ease of buying, accessing or gaining exposure to bitcoin, institutional demand for bitcoin as an investment asset, the participation of traditional financial institutions in the digital assets industry, consumer demand for bitcoin as a means of payment, and the availability and popularity of alternatives to bitcoin. Even if growth in bitcoin adoption occurs in the near or medium-term, there is no assurance that bitcoin usage will continue to grow over the long-term.

Because bitcoin has no physical existence beyond the record of transactions on the bitcoin blockchain, a variety of technical factors related to the bitcoin blockchain could also impact the price of bitcoin. For example, malicious attacks by miners, inadequate mining fees to incentivize validating of bitcoin transactions, hard “forks” of the bitcoin blockchain into multiple blockchains, and advances in digital computing, algebraic geometry, and quantum computing could undercut the integrity of the bitcoin blockchain and negatively affect the price of bitcoin. The liquidity of bitcoin could be reduced, if financial institutions were to deny or limit banking services to businesses that hold bitcoin, provide bitcoin-related services or accept bitcoin as payment, which could also decrease the price of bitcoin. Similarly, the open-source nature of the bitcoin blockchain means contributors and developers of the bitcoin blockchain are generally not directly compensated for their contributions in maintaining and developing the blockchain, and any failure to properly monitor and upgrade the bitcoin blockchain could adversely affect the bitcoin blockchain and negatively affect the price of bitcoin.

Recent actions by U.S. banking regulators have reduced the ability of bitcoin-related services providers to gain access to banking services and the liquidity of bitcoin may also be impacted to the extent that changes in applicable laws and regulatory requirements negatively impact the ability of exchanges and trading venues to provide services for bitcoin and other digital assets.

While senior SEC officials have stated that bitcoin is not a “security” for purposes of the federal securities laws, a contrary determination by the SEC could lead to our classification as an “investment company” under the 1940 Act, if the portion of our assets consists of investments in bitcoins exceeds the 40% safe harbor limits prescribed in the 1940 Act, which would subject us to significant additional regulations that could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations and may also require us to change the manner in which we conduct our business.

We monitor our assets and income for compliance under the 1940 Act and seek to conduct our business activities in a manner such that we do not fall within its definitions of “investment company” or that we qualify under one of the exemptions or exclusions provided by the 1940 Act and corresponding SEC regulations. If bitcoin is determined to constitute a security for purposes of the federal securities laws, we would take steps to reduce the percentage of bitcoins that constitute investment assets under the 1940 Act. These steps may include, among others, selling bitcoin that we might otherwise hold long term and deploying our cash in non-investment assets, and we may be forced to sell our bitcoin. We may also seek to acquire additional non-investment assets to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, and we may need to incur debt, issue additional equity or enter into other financing arrangements that are not otherwise attractive to our business. Any of these actions could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Moreover, we can make no assurance that we would successfully be able to take the necessary steps to avoid being deemed to be an investment company in accordance with the safe harbor. If we were unsuccessful, and if bitcoin is deemed a security for purposes of the federal securities laws, then we would have to register as an investment company, and the additional regulatory restrictions imposed by 1940 Act could adversely affect the market price of bitcoin and in turn adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

If bitcoin is determined to constitute a security for purposes of the federal securities laws, the additional regulatory restrictions imposed by such a determination could adversely affect the market price of bitcoin and in turn adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Moreover, the risks of us engaging in a bitcoin treasury strategy have created, and could continue to create, complications due to the lack of experience that third parties have with companies engaging in such a strategy, such as increased costs of director and officer liability insurance or the potential inability to obtain such coverage on acceptable terms in the future.

Our intended bitcoin holdings may be less liquid than our existing cash and cash equivalents and might not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents.

Historically, bitcoin markets have been characterized by significant volatility in price, limited liquidity and trading volumes compared to sovereign currencies markets, relative anonymity, a developing regulatory landscape, potential susceptibility to market abuse and manipulation, compliance and internal control failures at exchanges, and various other risks inherent in its entirely electronic, virtual form and decentralized network. During times of market instability, we might not be able to sell our bitcoin at favorable prices or at all. For example, a number of bitcoin trading venues temporarily halted deposits and withdrawals in 2022. As a result, our bitcoin holdings might not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents. Further, bitcoin we may hold with our custodians and transact with our trade execution partners will not be protected to the same extent as to cash or securities deposited with institutions subject to regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Additionally, we may be unable to enter into term loans or other capital raising transactions collateralized by our unencumbered bitcoin or otherwise generate funds using our bitcoin holdings, including in particular during times of market instability or when the price of bitcoin has declined significantly. If we are unable to sell our bitcoin, enter into additional capital raising transactions using bitcoin as collateral, or otherwise generate funds using our bitcoin holdings, or if we are forced to sell our bitcoin at a significant loss, our business and financial condition could be negatively impacted.

In 2019, reports claimed that 80-95% of bitcoin trading volume on trading venues was false or non-economic in nature, particularly on unregulated exchanges located outside of the United States. The SEC also alleged as part of its June 2023 complaint that Binance Holdings Ltd. committed strategic and targeted “wash trading” through its affiliates to artificially inflate the volume of certain digital assets traded on its exchange. The SEC has also brought actions against individuals and digital asset market participants alleging such persons artificially increased trading volumes in certain digital assets through wash trades, or repeated buying and selling of the same assets in fictitious transactions to manipulate their underlying trading price. Such reports and allegations may indicate that the bitcoin market is significantly smaller than expected and that the United States makes up a significantly larger percentage of the bitcoin market than is commonly understood. Any actual or perceived false trading in the bitcoin market, and any other fraudulent or manipulative acts and practices, could adversely affect the value of our bitcoin. Negative perception, a lack of stability in the broader bitcoin markets and the closure, temporary shutdown or operational disruption of bitcoin trading venues, lending institutions, institutional investors, institutional miners, custodians, or other major participants in the bitcoin ecosystem, due to fraud, business failure, cybersecurity events, government-mandated regulation, bankruptcy, or for any other reason, may result in a decline in confidence in bitcoin and the broader bitcoin ecosystem and greater volatility in the price of bitcoin. For example, in 2022, each of Celsius Network, Voyager Digital, Three Arrows Capital, FTX, and BlockFi filed for bankruptcy, following which the market prices of bitcoin and other digital assets significantly declined. In addition, in June 2023, the SEC announced enforcement actions against Coinbase, Inc., and Binance Holdings Ltd., two providers of large trading venues for digital assets, which was followed by a decrease in the market price of bitcoin and other digital assets. These were followed in November 2023, by an SEC enforcement action against Payward Inc. and Payward Ventures Inc., together known as Kraken, another large trading venue for digital assets. The price of our common stock may be affected by the value of our bitcoin holdings and the failure of a major participant in the bitcoin ecosystem could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or cyberattack and unauthorized parties obtain access to our bitcoin, or if our private keys are lost or destroyed, or other similar circumstances or events occur, we may lose some or all of our bitcoin and our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Currently, we intend to hold any bitcoin we may own in custody accounts at U.S.-based institutional-grade digital asset custodians. Security breaches and cyberattacks are of particular concern with respect to our bitcoin. Bitcoin and other blockchain-based cryptocurrencies and the entities that provide services to participants in the bitcoin ecosystem have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or other malicious activities. For example, in October 2021, hackers exploited a flaw in the account recovery process and stole from the accounts of at least 6,000 customers of the Coinbase exchange. Similarly, in November 2022, hackers exploited weaknesses in the security architecture of the FTX Trading digital asset exchange and reportedly stole over $400 million in digital assets from customers. A successful security breach or cyberattack could result in:

•a partial or total loss of our bitcoin in a manner that might not be covered by insurance or the liability provisions of the custody agreements with the custodians who hold our bitcoin;

•harm to our reputation and brand;

Attacks upon systems across a variety of industries, including industries related to bitcoin, are increasing in frequency, persistence, and sophistication, and, in many cases, are being conducted by sophisticated, well-funded and organized groups and individuals, including state actors. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper or illegal access to systems and information (including personal data and digital assets), disable or degrade services, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving, leverage AI and sophisticated technology, may be difficult to detect quickly, and often are not recognized or detected until after they have been launched against a target. These attacks may occur on our systems or those of our third-party service providers or partners. We may experience breaches of our security measures due to human error, malfeasance, insider threats, system errors or vulnerabilities or other irregularities. We expect that unauthorized parties will attempt, to gain access to our systems and facilities, as well as those of our partners and third-party service providers, through various means, such as hacking, social engineering, phishing and fraud. Threats can come from a variety of sources, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, and insiders. In addition, certain types of attacks could harm us even if our systems are left undisturbed. For example, certain threats are designed to remain dormant or undetectable, sometimes for extended periods of time, or until launched against a target and we might not be able to implement adequate preventative measures. Further, there has been an increase in such activities due to the increase in work-from-home arrangements. The risk of cyberattacks could also be increased by cyberwarfare in connection with the ongoing Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas conflicts, or other future conflicts, including potential proliferation of malware into systems unrelated to such conflicts. Any future breach of our operations or those of others in the bitcoin industry, including third-party services on which we rely, could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Our results are tied to the residential real estate market and we might be negatively impacted by downturns in this market and general global economic conditions.

The residential real estate market tends to be cyclical and typically is affected by changes in general macroeconomic conditions which are beyond our control. These conditions include short-term and long-term interest rates, inflation, fluctuations in debt and equity capital markets, levels of unemployment, consumer confidence and the general condition of the U.S. and the global economy. Further, geopolitical factors, including the ongoing war in Ukraine, Iran and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, could have residual effects on the global economy that negatively impact the U.S. residential real estate market and our business. The residential real estate market also depends upon the strength of financial institutions, which are sensitive to changes in the general macroeconomic and regulatory environment. Lack of available credit or lack of confidence in the financial sector could impact the residential real estate market, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

For example, although the U.S. residential real estate market has improved in the years after the significant and prolonged downturn that began in the second half of 2008 and continued through 2011, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the U.S. residential real estate market during the spring of 2020 with home sales in April and May declining to levels unprecedented since the recession of the late 2000s. More recently, while U.S. residential home sales rebounded sharply beginning in June 2020, they declined sharply in the latter half of 2022 as interest rates rose and economic uncertainties increased. We cannot predict whether the market will improve. If the residential real estate market or the economy does not improve, we may experience adverse effects on our business, financial condition and liquidity, including our ability to access capital and grow our business.

Any of the following could cause further decline in the housing or mortgage markets and have a material adverse effect on our business by causing periods of lower growth or a decline in the number of home sales or home prices which, in turn, could adversely affect our revenue and profitability:

•an increase in unemployment or inflation;

•a decrease in the affordability of homes due to changes in interest rates, home prices, the cost and availability of building materials, and rates of wage and job growth;

•slow economic growth or recessionary conditions;

•weak credit markets;

•low consumer confidence in the economy or the residential real estate market;

•instability of financial institutions;

•legislative, tax or regulatory changes that would adversely impact the residential real estate or mortgage markets, including but not limited to potential reform relating to Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and other government sponsored entities, that provide liquidity to the U.S. housing and mortgage markets;

•increasing mortgage rates, like we have experienced recently, and increasing down payment requirements or constraints on the availability of mortgage financing, including but not limited to the potential impact of various provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or other legislation and regulations that may be promulgated thereunder relating to mortgage financing, including restrictions imposed on mortgage originators, as well as retention levels required to be maintained by sponsors to securitize certain mortgages;

•excessive or insufficient home inventory levels on a regional level;

•high levels of foreclosure activity, including but not limited to the release of homes already held for sale by financial institutions;

•adverse changes in local or regional economic conditions;

•the inability or unwillingness of homeowners to enter into home sale transactions due to negative equity in their existing homes;

•demographic changes, such as a decrease in household formations, lower turnover in the housing market due to homeowners staying in the same home longer than in the past, or slowing rate of immigration or population growth;

•decrease in home ownership rates, declining demand for real estate and changing social attitudes toward home ownership;

•changes in local, state and federal laws or regulations that affect residential real estate transactions or encourage ownership, including but not limited to changes in tax law in late 2017 that limit the deductibility of certain mortgage interest expense, the application of the alternative minimum tax, and real property taxes and employee relocation expense; or

•acts of nature, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and other natural disasters that disrupt local or regional real estate markets and which may, in some circumstances lead us to waive certain fees in impacted areas.

The continued decline in global economic conditions could also materially impact the revenue of our recently acquired businesses, including insurance, title insurance, mortgage, lead generation, and other ancillary services. For example, revenue of our newly acquired insurance business relies on premiums and commission rates set by insurers. These premiums and commissions are cyclical in nature and may vary widely based on market condition. Volatility or declines in market condition, or any other adverse trends in the insurance industry, could have a negative impact on the profitability of our insurance business.

A lack of financing for homebuyers in the U.S. residential real estate market at favorable rates and on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance and results of operations.

Our business is significantly impacted by the availability of financing at favorable rates or on favorable terms for homebuyers, which may be affected by government regulations and policies. For example, residential mortgage interest rates rose significantly through most of 2023, negatively impacting our business. Certain potential reforms such as the U.S. federal government’s conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, proposals to reform the U.S. housing market, attempts to increase loan modifications for homeowners with negative equity, monetary policy of the U.S. government, increases in interest rates and the Dodd-Frank Act may adversely impact the housing industry, including homebuyers’ ability to finance and purchase homes.

The monetary policy of the U.S. government, and particularly the Federal Reserve Board, significantly affects the availability of financing at favorable rates and on favorable terms, which in turn affects the domestic real estate market. Policies of the Federal Reserve Board can affect interest rates available to potential homebuyers. Further, we are affected by any rising interest rate environment. Changes in the Federal Reserve Board’s policies, the interest rate environment and mortgage market are beyond our control, are difficult to predict, and could restrict the availability of financing on reasonable terms for homebuyers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Historically, changes in the federal funds rate have led to changes in interest rates for other loans, but the extent of the impact on the future availability and price of mortgage financing cannot be predicted with certainty.

Furthermore, many lenders significantly tightened their underwriting standards since the real estate downturn, and many subprime and other alternative mortgage products are no longer common in the marketplace. If these mortgage loans continue to be difficult to obtain, including in the jumbo mortgage markets, the ability and willingness of prospective buyers to finance home purchases or to sell their existing homes could be adversely affected, which would adversely affect our operating results.

The Dodd-Frank Act, created the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”), an independent federal bureau, which enforces consumer protection laws, including various laws regulating mortgage finance. The Dodd-Frank Act also established new standards and practices for mortgage lending, including a requirement to determine a prospective borrower’s ability to repay a loan, removing incentives to originate higher cost mortgages, prohibiting prepayment penalties for non-qualified mortgages, prohibiting mandatory arbitration clauses, requiring additional disclosures to potential borrowers and restricting the fees that mortgage originators may collect. Rules implementing many of these changes protect creditors from certain liabilities for loans that meet the requirements for “qualified mortgages.” The rules place several restrictions on qualified mortgages, including caps on certain closing costs. These and other rules promulgated by the CFPB could have a significant impact on the availability of home mortgages and how mortgage agents and lenders transact business. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act contains provisions that require entities such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, to retain an interest in the credit risk arising from the assets they securitize. This may serve to reduce Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac's demand for mortgage loans, which could have a material adverse effect on the mortgage industry, and may reduce the availability of mortgages to certain borrowers.

While we are continuing to evaluate all aspects of legislation, regulations and policies affecting the domestic real estate market, we cannot predict whether such legislation, regulation and policies may increase down payment requirements, increase mortgage costs, or result in increased costs and potential litigation for housing market participants, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Potential reform of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac or certain federal agencies or a reduction in U.S. government support for the housing market could have a material impact on our operations.

Numerous pieces of legislation seeking various changes for government sponsored entities have been introduced in Congress to reform the U.S. housing finance market. Such proposed changes include among other things, changes designed to reduce government support for housing finance and the winding down of the federal conservatorship of Fannie Mae or

Freddie Mac over a period of years. Legislation, if enacted, or additional regulation which curtails Fannie Mae’s and/or Freddie Mac’s activities and/or results in the wind down of the federal conservatorship of these entities, could increase mortgage costs and could result in more stringent underwriting guidelines imposed by lenders or cause other disruptions in the mortgage industry. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the housing market in general and our operations in particular.

The occurrence of natural or man-made disasters or pandemics could adversely affect our operations, results of operations and financial condition.

The occurrence of natural disasters, including hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes, fires, explosions, pandemic disease, and man-made disasters, including acts of terrorism and military actions, could adversely affect our operations, results of operations or financial condition, even if home values and buyers’ access to financing has not been affected.

The introduction and integration of emerging technologies into the real estate industry and any delay or inability to successfully integrate such technologies into our business or the businesses of our real estate professionals could result in competitive harm.

The real estate brokerage industry is susceptible to disruption by emerging technologies, particularly AI and machine learning. Integrating such emerging technologies is vital for optimizing efficiency and reducing operational costs for real estate brokerages, professionals, and homebuyers. These tools have the potential to streamline operations, enhance client interactions, and provide insights derived from vast data sets. These emerging technologies may also allow for new industry entrants and new industry platforms that compete with existing industry brokerages, and agents and such new entrants and platforms could offer solutions that are more cost-effective, efficient, or user-friendly, and which may change broker, agent, and client expectations. Delays in embracing and integrating these AI-driven technologies could adversely impact existing industry participants. If we are unable to provide enhancements and new features and efficiencies for our existing offerings, or if we cannot innovate quickly enough to keep pace with these rapid technological developments, our business could be harmed.

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management’s attention, and affect our ability to attract and retain qualified board of director members.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations, even as a “smaller reporting company,” will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. Significant resources and management oversight may be required to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business and operating results. Although we have already hired additional employees to comply with these requirements, we may need to deploy more resources in the future, which will increase our costs and expenses.

In addition, changing laws, regulations, and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure create uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time-consuming. These laws, regulations, and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations, and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations, and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us, and our business may be harmed.

These new rules and regulations make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and, in the future, we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors also could make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified management and members of our board of directors (the “Board”), particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee.

Because of our filing obligations, our business and financial condition is now more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed. Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and materially harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.

Our common stock price might fluctuate significantly, and the price of our common stock might be negatively impacted by factors which are unrelated to our operations.

Prior to our 2020 initial public offering, there was no market for shares of our common stock. An active trading market for our common stock might not be sustained, which could depress the market price of our common stock and affect your ability to sell our shares. The trading price of our common stock has ranged from $0.65 to $56.81 and is likely to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors include:

•our non-GAAP operating performance, as reported using Adjusted EBITDA, is not equivalent to net income (loss) from operations as determined under GAAP and shareholders may consider GAAP measures to be more relevant to our operating performance;

•the overall performance of the equity markets;

•threatened or actual litigation;

•large volumes of sales of our shares of common stock by existing shareholders; and

•general political and economic conditions.

Our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing, North Carolina state court is, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our shareholders. These choice of forum provisions could limit the ability of shareholders to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees.

Unless we consent to the selection of an alternative forum, our amended and restated bylaws provide that North Carolina state courts will be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the sole and exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers or other employees to the Company or its shareholders; any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the North Carolina Business Corporation Act, or our articles of incorporation or bylaws; or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Since the choice of forum provisions are only applicable to “the fullest extent permitted by law,” as provided in our bylaws, the provisions do not designate North Carolina courts as the exclusive forum for any derivative action or other claim for which the applicable statute creates exclusive jurisdiction in another forum. As such, the choice of forum provision does not apply to any actions arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

These choice of forum provisions may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and other employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provisions contained in our bylaws inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Because we do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our shares of common stock in the near future, our shareholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.

We intend to retain any future earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the near future. The declaration, payment and amount of any future dividends will be made at the discretion of our Board, and will depend upon, among other things, the results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, operating and capital requirements, and other factors our Board considers relevant. There is no assurance that future dividends will be paid, and if dividends are paid, there is no assurance with respect to the amount of any such dividend. Unless we pay dividends, our shareholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.

Future sales of shares of our common stock by existing shareholders could depress the market price of our common stock.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market by our shareholders might cause the market price of our common stock to decrease significantly. Joshua Harley, our Founder and former Chief Executive Officer, and Marco Fregenal, our President and Chief Executive Officer, a significant shareholder and director, have previously engaged in sales of our stock under Rule 10b5-1 trading plans, which have put pressure on our stock price. The perception that such additional sales could occur could also depress the market price of our common stock. Any such sales could also create public perception of difficulties or problems with our business and might also make it more difficult for us to raise capital through the sale of equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

Joshua Harley, our Founder and former Chief Executive Officer, Marco Fregenal, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Scott Flanders and Adam Rothstein, significant shareholders and directors, own a significant percentage of our stock, and as a result, they can take actions that may be adverse to the interests of the other shareholders and the trading price for our common stock may be depressed.

As of December 31, 2025, Joshua Harley, Marco Fregenal, Scott Flanders, and Adam Rothstein beneficially owned approximately 15.9%, 5.2%, 5.1% and 2.8% of our outstanding common stock, respectively. This significant concentration of share ownership may adversely affect the trading price for our common stock because investors may perceive disadvantages in owning stock in companies with controlling shareholders. The four shareholders voting together can significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election and removal of directors and any proposed merger, acquisition, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. In addition, due to his significant ownership stake and his service as our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Fregenal controls the management of our business and affairs. This concentration of ownership could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, or impeding a merger or consolidation, takeover or other business combination that could be favorable to our other shareholders.

The trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market, or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our stock adversely, or provide more favorable recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of the Company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

If we are not able to comply with the applicable continued listing requirements or standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Nasdaq could delist our common stock.

Our common stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity, a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share, and certain corporate governance requirements. There can be no assurances that we will be able to comply with the applicable listing standards.

In the event that our common stock is delisted from The Nasdaq Stock Market and is not eligible for quotation or listing on another market or exchange, trading of our common stock could be conducted only in the over‑the‑counter market or on an electronic bulletin board established for unlisted securities such as the Pink Sheets or the OTC Bulletin Board. In such event, it could become more difficult to dispose of, or obtain accurate price quotations for, our common stock, and there would likely also be a reduction in our coverage by securities analysts and the news media, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline further. Also, it may be difficult for us to raise additional capital if we are not listed on an exchange.

A delisting would also likely have a negative effect on the price of our common stock and would impair your ability to sell or purchase our common stock when you wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, we may take actions to restore our compliance with The Nasdaq Stock Market’s listing requirements, but we can provide no assurance that any such action taken by us would allow our common stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below The Nasdaq Stock Market minimum bid price requirement or prevent non‑compliance with The Nasdaq Stock Market’s listing.