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Ocugen, Inc.

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 4, 2026.

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About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Mar 4, 2026

OCGN$0.97+5.1%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

Extracted filing text, with the paragraph anchors used by the comparison.

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Contents

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Part I
Item 1.Business1
Item 1A.Risk Factors36
Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments86
Item 1C.Cybersecurity86
Item 2.Properties86
Item 3.Legal Proceedings87
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures87
Part II
Item 5.Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities88
Item 7.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations89
Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk102
Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data102
Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure102
Item 9A.Controls and Procedures102
Item 9B.Other Information103
Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections103
Part III
Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance104
Item 11.Executive Compensation104
Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters104
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence104
Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services104
Part IV
Item 15.Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules105
Signatures
Consolidated Financial StatementsF-1

Unless the context otherwise requires, references to the "Company," "we," "our," or "us" in this report refer to Ocugen, Inc. and its subsidiaries, and references to "OpCo" refer to Ocugen OpCo, Inc., the Company's wholly owned subsidiary.

i

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts contained in this Annual Report or the documents incorporated by reference herein, regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, prospects, plans, and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The words "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "predict," "project," "will," "would," or the negative of such terms and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Such statements are based on assumptions and expectations that may not be realized and are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, many of which cannot be predicted with accuracy and some of which might not even be anticipated.

The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report and the documents incorporated herein by reference include, among other things, statements about:

our estimates regarding expenses, future revenues, and capital requirements, as well as the timing, availability of, and the need for, additional financing to continue to advance our product candidates;

our activities with respect to OCU400, OCU410 and OCU410ST, including our ability to continue our Phase 3 trial for OCU400 for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa ("RP"), our ability to continue dosing patients for our Phase 2/3 pivotal confirmatory trial for OCU410ST for the treatment of Stargardt disease (“ST”), and our ability to complete pivotal trials;

the rate and degree of market acceptance of OCU400, OCU410 and OCU410ST, if approved;

our ability to obtain additional funding from government agencies in the United States and/or other countries to continue the development of our inhaled mucosal vaccine platform;

the uncertainties associated with the clinical development and regulatory approval of our product candidates including potential delays in the initiation, enrollment, and completion of current and future clinical trials;

our ability to realize any value from our product candidates and preclinical programs being developed and anticipated to be developed, in light of inherent risks and difficulties involved in successfully commercializing products and the risk that our products, if approved, may not achieve broad market acceptance;

our ability to comply with regulatory schemes and other regulatory developments applicable to our business in the United States and other countries;

the performance of third-parties upon which we depend, including contract development and manufacturing organizations ("CMDOs"), suppliers, manufacturers, group purchasing organizations, distributors, and logistics providers;

the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if commercialized;

the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates, and our ability to serve those markets;

developments relating to our competitors and our industry;

our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection, or obtain licenses to intellectual property and defend our intellectual property rights against third-parties;

our ability to maintain our relationships and contracts with our key collaborators and commercial partners and our ability to establish additional collaborations and partnerships;

our ability to recruit and retain key scientific, technical, commercial, and management personnel and to retain our executive officers;

our estimates and expectations regarding cash, cash reserves and expense levels, future revenues, capital requirements and needs for additional financing, including our expected use of proceeds from our public offerings, and liquidity sources;

our ability to comply with stringent United States and applicable foreign government regulations with respect to the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products, including compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice ("GMP") regulations, and other relevant regulatory authorities; and

ii

the extent to which health epidemics and other outbreaks of communicable diseases, geopolitical turmoil, macroeconomic conditions, tariff policies, social unrest, political instability, terrorism, or acts of war could disrupt our business and operations, including impacts on our development programs, global supply chain, and collaborators and manufacturers.

We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions, and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Annual Report, particularly under "Risk Factors," that we believe could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, collaborations, investments, or other significant transactions we may make.

You should read this Annual Report and the documents that we incorporate by reference herein and have filed as exhibits to this Annual Report, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that "we believe" and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Annual Report, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. In addition, with respect to all of our forward-looking statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

Solely for convenience, tradenames and trademarks referred to in this Annual Report appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these tradenames or trademarks, as applicable. All tradenames, trademarks, and service marks included or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report are the property of their respective owners. The name NeoCart (defined below) has not been evaluated or cleared by the FDA.

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