Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc.

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Business

Ginkgo Bioworks Holdings, Inc.'s (“Ginkgo” or the “Company”) mission is to make biology easier to engineer. Ginkgo sells services to government and commercial customers intwo business segments: cell engineering, where we provide tools and biological R&D services across a range of industries, andbiosecurity, where we provide services to customers who are working to identify, monitor, prevent, mitigate, and ultimately protect humanity from biological threats.

Cell Engineering

Ginkgo does not make end products; instead, Ginkgo offers biological R&D services on our platform to enable our customers to bring their products to market. Historically, Ginkgo’s primary service offering has been cell engineering R&D services (solutions) where Ginkgo performs technical activities. In 2024, Ginkgo expanded its service offering to include services that provide our customers cell engineering tools for biological R&D, where Ginkgo enables its customers to conduct certain in-house R&D activities themselves. Ginkgo's services are designed to offer customers better results on the dimensions of probability of success, speed, or cost – and ideally on all three.

Our Autonomous Lab is a flexible wet lab built from our Reconfigurable Automation Cart (“RAC”) systems capable of large scale data generation; it powers generative AI and machine learning (“ML”) tools that enable more successful biological R&D.

Ginkgo's primary biosecurity customers are governments. Ginkgo currently provides biosecurity services viatwo core offerings as introduced in early 2024:

•Canopy, which helps our customers generate high value genomic data from strategically positioned nodes (like airports and border checkpoints) via end-to-end biomonitoring programs; and