Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd

1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd was formed as an exempted company under the laws of the Cayman Islands in September 2014. Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd directly owns Credo Technology Group Ltd., which owns, directly and indirectly, all of the shares of its subsidiaries in mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada and the United States (U.S.). References to the “Company” in these notes refer to Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, unless otherwise specified.

The Company’s mission is to redefine high-speed connectivity by delivering breakthrough solutions that enable the next generation of AI-driven applications. The Company is committed to enabling faster, more reliable, more energy-efficient, and scalable solutions that support the ever-expanding demands of AI, cloud computing, and hyperscale networks. The Company’s innovations ease system bandwidth bottlenecks while simultaneously improving on power, security, and reliability. The Company’s connectivity solutions are optimized for optical and electrical Ethernet applications, including the 100G (or Gigabits per second), 200G, 400G, 800G and the emerging 1.6T (or Terabits per second) port markets. The Company’s products are based on its Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes) and Digital Signal Processor (DSP) technologies. The Company’s product families include Integrated Circuits (ICs) for the optical and line card markets, Active Electrical Cables (AECs) and SerDes Chiplets. The Company’s intellectual property (IP) solutions consist primarily of SerDes IP licensing.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (US GAAP) applicable to interim periods, under the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by the SEC. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s fiscal year 2025 audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments, that are considered necessary for fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Operating results for the periods presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year.

The Company’s fiscal year is a 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to April 30. Its fiscal year ending May 2, 2026 (fiscal year 2026) is a 52-week fiscal year. The Company’s fiscal year ended May 3, 2025 (fiscal year 2025) was a 53-week fiscal year, with the first fiscal quarter containing 14 weeks.

At-The-Market (ATM) Offering

In October 2025, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement with Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC related to the sale from time to time of the Company’s ordinary shares for an aggregate offering price of up to $750 million.

During the three months ended November 1, 2025, the Company received $384.6 million in net proceeds through the issuance of 2.7 million ordinary shares. The total issuance costs were $7.4 million, of which $1.9 million remained unpaid and is included in other current liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of November 1, 2025.

2. Significant Accounting Policies

The Company believes that other than the accounting policies as described below, there have been no significant changes to the items disclosed in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 3, 2025.

Business Combinations

The Company allocates the fair value of the purchase consideration of its business acquisitions to the tangible assets, liabilities, and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development (IPR&D), based on their estimated fair values under the acquisition method of accounting. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. IPR&D is initially capitalized at fair value as an intangible asset with an indefinite life and assessed for impairment thereafter. When an

IPR&D project is completed, the IPR&D is reclassified as an amortizable intangible asset and amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.

The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience, knowledge of current conditions and beliefs of what could occur in the future, given the available information. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, write-down for excess and obsolete inventories, the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation included in customer contracts with multiple performance obligations, variable consideration from revenue contracts, the realization of tax assets and estimates of tax reserves, and impairment of long-lived assets. Actual results may differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the financial statements. In the current macroeconomic environment, these estimates require increased judgment and carry a higher degree of variability and volatility. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, these estimates may change materially in future periods.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period balances were reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. None of these reclassifications had an impact on reported net income or cash flows for any of the periods presented.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disclosure of disaggregated income taxes paid, prescribes standard categories for the components of the effective tax rate reconciliation, and modifies other income tax-related disclosures. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and may be applied on a retrospective or prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income— Expense Disaggregation Disclosures, which requires disclosure of, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain expenses in the financial statements. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027 and may be applied on a retrospective or prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, providing all entities with a practical expedient when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Topic 606. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of electing the practical expedient and the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

3. Concentrations

Financial instruments that subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. Cash is placed in major financial institutions around the world. The Company’s cash deposits exceed insured limits. Short-term investments are subject to counterparty risk up to the amount presented on the balance sheet.

Historically, a relatively small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of the Company’s revenue. The particular customers which account for revenue concentration have varied from period-to-period as a result of the addition of new contracts, completion of existing contracts, and the volumes and prices at which the customers have recently bought the Company’s products. These variations are expected to continue in the foreseeable future.

The following tables summarize the accounts receivable and revenue as a percentage of total accounts receivable and total revenue, respectively, for the Company’s most significant customers. In the tables below, customers are defined as the contracting entities who place purchase orders or enter into revenue contracts with the Company:

• Less than 10% of total accounts receivable or total revenue.

4. Revenue Recognition

The following table summarizes revenue disaggregated by primary geographical market based on destination of shipment for product sales revenue and location of contracting entity for IP license revenue, which may differ from the customer’s principal offices (in thousands):

Remaining Performance Obligations

Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, which includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. The contracted but unsatisfied performance obligation was approximately $33.9 million as of November 1, 2025 and relating to IP license revenue, which the Company expects to recognize over the next 12 months.

Customer Warrant

During fiscal year 2022, the Company issued a warrant to Amazon.com NV Investment Holdings LLC (Holder) to purchase an aggregate of up to 4.1 million of the Company’s ordinary shares at an exercise price of $10.74 per share (the Customer Warrant). The exercise period of the Customer Warrant is through theseventh anniversary of the issue date. A total of 4.1 million Customer Warrant shares were fully vested and remained unexercised as of May 3, 2025. The Holder exercised 2.04 million Customer Warrant shares as of November 1, 2025. Under net issuance, a portion of shares were withheld, resulting in a net issuance of 1.85 million shares. Subsequent to November 1, 2025, the Holder exercised the remaining 2.04 million Customer Warrant shares in November 2025.

5. Business Combination

On September 29, 2025, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interest of Hyperlume, Inc. (Hyperlume), a developer of miniature light-emitting diode (microLED)-based optical interconnect technology for chip-to-chip communication, for a total purchase consideration of $92.0 million. Total purchase consideration is attributable to cash consideration of $88.7 million and cash settlement of vested share-based payment awards of $3.3 million by Hyperlume. This acquisition was primarily intended to expand the Company’s comprehensive portfolio of end-to-end system-level connectivity solutions with Hyperlume’s cutting-edge microLED technology to address the future of artificial intelligence-driven data infrastructure deployments.

The factors contributing to the recognition of goodwill were based upon the Company’s conclusion that there are strategic and synergistic benefits that are expected to be realized from the acquisition. Goodwill recorded for the Hyperlume acquisition is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company hasone reportable segment and accordingly, there is no goodwill assignment based on reporting units.

The following table summarizes the total purchase consideration (in thousands):

In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements for business combinations, the Company allocated the fair value of the purchase consideration to the tangible assets, liabilities and IPR&D, generally based on their estimated fair values. The excess purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. IPR&D is initially capitalized at fair value as an intangible asset with an indefinite life and assessed for impairment thereafter. When an IPR&D project is completed, the IPR&D is reclassified as an amortizable intangible asset and amortized over the asset’s estimated useful life. The Company’s valuation assumptions of acquired assets and assumed liabilities require significant estimates, especially with respect to IPR&D intangible assets. The functional currency of the acquired business is Canadian dollars, and the assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at each fiscal quarter-end period. The differences for goodwill and intangible asset between purchase price allocation and balance sheet result from currency translation rate changes.

Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the periods such costs are incurred and were not material for the periods presented.

The purchase price allocation is as follows (in thousands):

The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to revision as additional information about fair value of assets and liabilities becomes available. Additional information that existed as of the acquisition date but is currently unknown to the Company may become known during the remainder of the measurement period, a period not to exceed 12 months from the acquisition date.

Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material to the Company’s financial results.

6. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the accounting guidance establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - Other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company measures the fair value of money market funds using Level 1 inputs. The Company’s certificates of deposit are classified as held-to-maturity securities as the Company intends to hold until their maturity dates. The certificates of deposit are valued using Level 2 inputs. Pricing sourcesmay include industry standard data providers, security master files from large financial institutions, and other third-party sources used to determine a daily market value.

The following tables present the fair value of the financial instruments measured on a recurring basis, or measured at amortized cost which approximates fair value, as of November 1, 2025 and May 3, 2025 (in thousands).

The carrying amount of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their respective fair values because of their short maturities. As of November 1, 2025 and May 3, 2025, there were no unrealized losses or gains associated with the Company’s financial instruments.

7. Supplemental Financial Information

Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization expense was $6.5 million and $12.0 million for the three and six months ended November 1, 2025, respectively and $5.0 million and $9.2 million for the three and six months ended November 2, 2024, respectively. Computer equipment and software primarily includes technology licenses for computer-aided design tools relating to the Company’s R&D design of future products and intellectual properties. Production equipment and construction in progress primarily include mask set costs capitalized relating to the Company’s products already introduced or to be introduced.

Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Other Non-current Liabilities

Other non-current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Non-cancelable Purchase Obligations

Total future non-cancelable purchase obligations as of November 1, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

Technology license fees include the liabilities under agreements for technology licenses between the Company and various vendors.

Under the Company’s manufacturing relationships with its foundry partners, cancellation of outstanding purchase orders is allowed but requires payment of all costs and expenses incurred through the date of cancellation.

As of November 1, 2025, the total value of non-cancelable purchase orders payable within the next one year that were committed with the Company’s third-party subcontractors was approximately $61.3 million. Such purchase commitments are included in the preceding table.

The Company has a manufacturing supply capacity reservation agreement with an assembly subcontractor as of November 1, 2025. Under this arrangement, the Company has paid refundable deposits to the supplier in exchange for reserved manufacturing production capacity over the term of the agreement, which approximates five years. In addition, the Company committed to certain purchase levels that were in line with the capacity reserved. If the Company does not meet the purchase level commitment, the agreement requires the Company to pay a fee equal to the difference between the actual purchase and the purchase commitment, up to the value of refundable deposits made. In the fiscal quarter ended November 2, 2024, the agreement was amended to change the purchase commitment measurement from a dollar amount to a quantity amount throughout the remaining periods. The Company estimated a dollar cost per unit using actual billings from the assembly subcontractor for the most recent calendar quarter and calculating a weighted-average cost per unit. Based on this calculation, the Company currently estimates that it has made purchase level commitments of at least $16.2 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2026 through fiscal year 2028 under the capacity reservation agreement. Such purchase commitments are included in the preceding table. In addition, the Company had refundable deposits of $7.3 million of which $2.7 million was recorded in other current assets and $4.6 million was recorded in other non-current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Warranty Obligations

The Company’s products generally carry a standardone-year warranty. The Company’s warranty expense was not material in the periods presented.

Indemnifications

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into agreements that contain certain indemnification obligations of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, investors, directors, officers, employees and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, certain losses arising out of the Company’s breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. These indemnification obligations may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions may not be subject to maximum loss limitations. The Company has not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification obligations. Accordingly, the Company had no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of November 1, 2025 and May 3, 2025.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company may be a party to various litigation claims in the ordinary course of business. Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred. The Company assesses, in conjunction with legal counsel, the need to record a liability for litigation and contingencies. Accrual estimates are recorded when and if it is determined that such a liability for litigation and contingencies are both probable and reasonably estimable. As of the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, the

Company was not subject to any material litigation. No accruals for loss contingencies or recognition of actual losses have been recorded in any of the periods presented.

9. Leases

The Company leases office space, in the United States and internationally, under operating leases. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms generally betweenone year andfive years. Operating leases are included in right of use assets, other current liabilities, and non-current operating lease liabilities on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any finance leases.

Lease expense and supplemental cash flow information are as follows (in thousands):

The aggregate future lease payments for operating leases as of November 1, 2025 are as follows (in thousands):

As of November 1, 2025, the weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases was 4.5 years and the weighted-average discount rate used to determine the present value of the Company's operating leases was 6.4%.

10. Share Incentive Plan

Restricted Stock Unit (RSU) Awards

A summary of information related to RSU activity during the six months ended November 1, 2025 is as follows:

Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit (PSU) Awards

A summary of information related to PSU activity during the six months ended November 1, 2025 is as follows:

Share Option Awards

A summary of information related to share option activity during the six months ended November 1, 2025 is as follows:

Summary of Share-based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense included in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

In connection with the Hyperlume acquisition, the Company issued 87 thousand RSUs under its 2021 long-term incentive plan in replacement for the unvested options under Hyperlume’s equity incentive plan. The RSUs retain the same vesting conditions as the unvested options that they replaced. The Company also issued 132 thousand restricted shares of the Company to one of the founders of Hyperlume and 132 thousand restricted shares of a newly formed subsidiary of the Company that are exchangeable into restricted shares of the Company to the other founder of Hyperlume. The restricted shares were issued in exchange for the founders’ outstanding equity interests in Hyperlume and vest on a quarterly basis, subject to continued employment with the Company over the next 4 years.

Both RSUs and restricted shares were measured at the acquisition date’s fair value of $146.01 per share and the fair value of those shares represent post-acquisition share-based compensation expense that will be recognized as these employees provide service over the remaining vesting periods of up to 4 years.

11. Income Taxes

The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, excluding zero rate jurisdictions, and adjusted for discrete items, if any, that arise during the period. Each quarter, the Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if the estimated annual effective tax rate changes, the Company makes a cumulative adjustment in such period. The Company’s quarterly tax provision, and estimate of its annual effective tax rate, is subject to variation due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting its pre-tax income or loss and the mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, intercompany transactions, changes in tax laws, the applicability of special tax regimes, changes in how we do business, and discrete items.

Provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024 was as follows (in thousands except percentages):

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended November 1, 2025 differs from the same period in the prior year primarily due to the Company generating consolidated net income in the current year as compared to a consolidated net loss in the prior year.

During the three and six months ended November 1, 2025, there were no material changes to the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits and the Company does not expect any significant changes in the next 12 months.

On July 4, 2025, the United States enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), which changes or makes permanent certain tax laws for corporations. During the three and six months ended November 1, 2025, the Company did not record any material adjustments to its income tax provision as a result of OBBBA. The Company does not expect the provisions of the OBBBA to have a material impact on its effective tax rate or total provision for income taxes.

In connection with Hyperlume acquisition, the Company recognized a deferred tax liability of $4.6 million related to the acquired IPR&D intangible asset, which is not deductible for income tax purposes.

12. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company reports both basic net income (loss) per share, which is based on the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period, and diluted net income (loss) per share, which is based on the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding and potentially dilutive shares outstanding during the period. Net income (loss) per share for thethree and six months ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024, respectively, was determined as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Potential dilutive securities include dilutive ordinary shares from the Customer Warrant, share-based awards attributable to the assumed exercise of share options, restricted stock units and employee stock purchase plan shares using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, potential ordinary shares outstanding are not included in the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share if their effect is anti-dilutive. The following potentially dilutive securities outstanding (in thousands) have been excluded from the computations of diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for thethree and six months ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024:

13. Segment Information

The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) manages the Company’s business activities as a single reportable segment at the consolidated level. Accordingly, the CODM uses net income or loss for the purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. The measure of segment assets is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as total assets, although the CODM does not evaluate asset information of purposes of allocating resources or evaluating performance. The table below provides information about the Company’s revenue, significant segment expenses and other segment expenses (in thousands):

*Other segment items primarily include lease expense, external professional service expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest income and tax provision.