NewLake Capital Partners, Inc.

General

We derive substantially all our revenue from rents received from single tenants at each of our 33 properties, all of which are under triple-net leases. As of March 31, 2025, our portfolio remains conservatively leveraged, with only $7.6 million outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility. Additionally, we maintain low general and administrative expense with an annualized ratio of 1.7% of total assets.

Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

Revenues

Rental Income

Rental income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by approximately $459 thousand to approximately $12.6 million, compared to approximately $12.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in rental income was mainly attributable to:

•Approximately two months of rental income from the purchase of a dispensary in Ohio in February 2025 and three months of rental income from the purchase of a cultivation facility in Connecticut in May 2024, which generated approximately $153 thousand of rental income during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

•Funding of improvement allowances at our Arizona, Connecticut, Missouri and Pennsylvania cultivation facilities, which generated approximately $340 thousand of additional rental income during the three months ended March

31, 2025. The additional rental income from our Missouri cultivation facility was derived from the expansion and development of the adjacent land parcel we acquired during the first quarter of 2023.

•Annual rent escalations on our portfolio, which generated an increase of approximately $266 thousand of rental income during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

•These increases were offset by a decline in rental income of approximately $300 thousand, attributable to Revolutionary Clinics paying only approximately 50% of their contractual rent during the three months ended March 31, 2025. During the second half of 2024, the tenant encountered significant operational challenges that impaired their ability to meet full rent obligations. In December 2024, these challenges culminated in the tenant entering receivership. For further information refer to Note 4 - Leases.

Interest Income from Loans

Interest income from loans increased slightly due to the annual interest rate increase on our one loan receivable.

Fees and Reimbursables

Fees and reimbursables for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by approximately $139 thousand to approximately $489 thousand compared to approximately $350 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024, due to timing of revenue reimbursements quarter over quarter.

Expenses

Property Expenses

Property expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by approximately $604 thousand rising from $22 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $626 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase is mainly attributable to real estate taxes, insurance and utility payments made on behalf of two tenants. In certain circumstances we will pay for expenses on behalf of the tenant with the tenant being obligated to reimburse us. However, timing differences may cause the recognition of expenses and corresponding reimbursement income to vary between periods.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by approximately $0.3 million to approximately $3.9 million compared to approximately $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase is primarily attributable to: (i) approximately $37.3 million of improvements placed into services during 2024 related to our expansion project at our Missouri cultivation facility, two Pennsylvania cultivation facilities and our Arizona cultivation facility; (ii) our 2025 acquisition of a dispensary, contributing approximately $0.1 million in depreciable assets; and (iii) our 2024 acquisition of a cultivation facility, contributing approximately $3.7 million in depreciable assets.

General and Administrative Expenses

The increase in general and administrative expense is described below by category.

Compensation Expense

Compensation expense includes compensation to employees and officers of the Company and stock-based compensation awards. The change was relatively flat quarter over quarter.

Professional Fees

Professional fees generally include fees paid for audit, tax, legal and consulting services. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, professional fees were approximately $605 thousand compared to approximately $402 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was primarily attributed to the timing of audit procedures and associated fees, as the majority of the audit work conducted by our auditors was incurred during the first quarter of 2025. Additionally, we incurred extra costs related to obtaining consent from the prior auditor for our Form 10-K filing.

Other General and Administrative Expenses

Other general and administrative expenses are primarily comprised of director and officer insurance, information technology fees, public relations fees, filing and regulatory fees, public reporting fees, corporate rent and various other expenses. Other general and administrative expenses were relatively flat quarter over quarter.

Provision for Current Expected Credit Loss

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded a reduction in the provision for current expected credit loss of $13 thousand, which reduced the allowance for credit loss to approximately $103 thousand as of March 31, 2025.

Other Income (Expense)

Other Income

Other income, which is mainly comprised of interest income remained relatively flat quarter over quarter. We primarily used cash liquidity to pay dividends and fund improvement allowances. Refer to the "Summary of Cash Flows" for further information.

Interest Expense

Interest expense mainly relates to our revolving credit facility. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, interest expense increased by approximately $92 thousand, to approximately $175 thousand compared to $83 thousand in the same period of 2024. The increase was due to a higher outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility.

Non-GAAP Financial Information and Other Metrics

Funds from Operations and Adjusted Funds from Operations

Funds from Operations ("FFO") and Adjusted Funds from Operations ("AFFO") are non-GAAP financial measures and should not be viewed as alternatives to net income calculated in accordance with GAAP as a measurement of our operating performance. We believe that FFO and AFFO are useful to investors because they are widely accepted industry measures used by analysts and investors to compare the operating performance of REITs.

We calculate FFO in accordance with the current National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) definition. NAREIT currently defines FFO as follows: net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP) excluding depreciation and amortization related to real estate, gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets, and impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities when the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of depreciable real estate held by an entity. Other REITs may not define FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition or may interpret the current NAREIT definition differently than we do and therefore our computation of FFO may not be comparable to such other REITs.

We calculate AFFO by starting with FFO and adjusting for non-cash and certain non-recurring transactions, including non-cash components of compensation expense and the effect of provisions for credit loss. Other REITs may not define AFFO in the same manner as we do and therefore our calculation of AFFO may not be comparable to such other REITs. You should not consider FFO and AFFO to be alternatives to net income as a reliable measure of our operating performance; nor should you consider FFO and AFFO to be alternatives to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities (as defined by GAAP) as measures of liquidity.

The table below is a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders to FFO and AFFO for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our cash requirements include the payment of dividends to our shareholders, distributions to our holders of LPI Units ("OP Unitholders"), general and administrative expenses, debt service, other expenses related to managing our existing portfolio as well as acquisition and unfunded improvement commitments on our properties. The sources of liquidity to fund these cash requirements include rental income from the leasing of our properties, which is our primary source of cash flows, borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and equity and debt issuances, including issuance of common stock under our ATM Program, if markets permit. Where possible, we also may issue LPI Units to acquire properties from existing owners seeking a tax-deferred transaction.

As of March 31, 2025, we had $102.3 million of liquidity comprised of $19.9 million of cash and cash equivalents and $82.4 million available on our $90.0 million Revolving Credit Facility, subject to sufficient collateral in the borrowing base. Additionally, the ATM Program allows us to issue equity to raise capital up to $50.0 million. We cannot, however, be certain that these sources of funds will be available at a time and upon terms acceptable to us in sufficient amounts in the future.

During the second half of 2024, the Federal Reserve eased its monetary policy by reducing the target range for the federal funds rate by one percentage point. Despite this cut, interest rates have remained relatively stable. As of March 2025, the annual inflation rate in the U.S. stands at 2.4% for the twelve month period ending March 31, 2025. However, challenges persist due to higher interest rates and inflation, which may adversely impact our cash flow from ongoing operations.

We expect that our cash flow from continuing operations over the next twelve months, combined with our cash reserves, will be sufficient to fund our business operations, pay cash dividends to our shareholders, make distributions on our LPI Units, and cover debt service.

Acquisitions and unfunded improvement allowance costs may require funding from borrowings, equity issuance and/or issuance of OP Units.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the consolidated statements of cash flows in our consolidated financial statements and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below (in thousands):

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:

Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were approximately $10.2 million and $10.0 million, respectively. Net cash flows provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were primarily related to contractual rent received from our properties, partially offset by our general and administrative expenses.

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities:

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were approximately $0.3 million and $7.9 million, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 related to approximately $0.3 million used to purchase a cultivation facility in Ohio. Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to approximately $7.9 million used to fund improvement allowances at our cultivation facilities in Arizona and Missouri.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities:

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were approximately $10.1 million and $6.4 million, respectively. Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was mainly related to approximately $9.3 million in dividend payments to holders of our common stock, as well as distributions on our LPI Units, approximately $0.3 million paid to redeem 15,198 LPI Units in cash and approximately $0.4 million related to cash paid for taxes in lieu of issuance of common stock on on vested RSUs and PSUs and approximately $0.3 million to issue PSUs in cash. Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was mainly related to approximately $8.4 million in dividend payments to holders of our common stock, as well as distributions on our LPI Units, $1.0 million to pay down our loan payable and approximately $46 thousand of cash paid in lieu of issuance of common stock on on vested RSUs. These cash outflows were offset by $3.0 million drawn on our Revolving Credit Facility.

To maintain our qualification as a REIT, U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income annually, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding capital gains. We must pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we annually distribute less than 100% of our taxable income. We evaluate each quarter to determine our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders based on our net taxable income if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Before we pay any dividend, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating requirements and debt service payments. If our cash available for distribution is less than our net taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or we may make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution.

As a result of this distribution requirement, our Operating Partnership cannot rely on retained earnings to fund its ongoing operations to the same extent that other companies whose parent companies are not REITs can. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we declared and our board of directors approved, cash dividends on our common stock and restricted stock units and in our capacity as general partner of our Operating Partnership, we authorized distributions on our LPI Units of $0.43 per share.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we declared and our board of directors approved, cash dividends on our common stock and restricted stock units and in our capacity as general partner of the Operating Partnership, we authorized distributions on our LPI Units of $0.41 per share.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

Unfunded Commitments

As of March 31, 2025, we had aggregate unfunded commitments of $11.7 million to develop and improve our existing cultivation facilities in Connecticut and Ohio.

Corporate Office Lease

As of March 31, 2025, we were the lessee under one office lease for a term of four years, subject to annual escalations. The annual rent payments range from approximately $72 thousand in year one to approximately $85 thousand in year four. The office lease has a remaining weighted average term of approximately 1.42 years.

Revolving Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2025, the interest at a rate on our Revolving Credit Facility was 5.65% and we had $7.6 million outstanding under the facility. See note 6 - Financings for more details.

Adoption of New or Revised Accounting Standards

We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that we: (i) are no longer an emerging growth company; or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond our control. We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2025, we had $7.6 million principal drawn on our Revolving Credit Facility, at a fixed interest rate of 5.65% through May 2025 and a floating rate thereafter. Therefore, if interest rates decrease, our required interest payments may exceed those based on current market rates. If interest rates remain higher for longer, our cost of financing will significantly increase when the Revolving Credit facility adjusts to a floating rate in May 2025. We may choose to mitigate such interest rate risk through the use of interest rate derivative instruments.

Impact of Inflation

As of March 2025, the annual inflation rate declined to approximately 2.4% from 3.5% as of March 2024. We enter into leases that generally provide for annual fixed increases in rent at a predetermined rate. In some instances, leases provide for annual increases in rent based on the increase in the Consumer Price Index ("CPI"). We expect these lease provisions to result in rent increases over time. During periods when inflation exceeds the rent increases stipulated in the leases, rent increases may not keep pace with the rate of inflation.

Seasonality

Our business is not, and we do not expect our business to be, subject to material seasonal fluctuations.