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WSFS FINANCIAL CORP

For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 7, 2025.

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About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2025 · Filed May 7, 2025

WSFS$78.94-0.2%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2025

(UNAUDITED)

  1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

General

These unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of WSFS Financial Corporation (WSFS, and together with its subsidiaries, the Company), and its consolidated subsidiaries. WSFS’ primary subsidiary is Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB (WSFS Bank or the Bank). As of March 31, 2025, the other subsidiaries of WSFS include The Bryn Mawr Trust Company of Delaware (BMT-DE), Bryn Mawr Capital Management®, LLC (BMCM), WSFS Wealth Management, LLC (Powdermill®), WSFS SPE Services, LLC, and 601 Perkasie, LLC. The Company also hasthree unconsolidated subsidiaries: WSFS Capital Trust III, Royal Bancshares Capital Trust I, and Royal Bancshares Capital Trust II. WSFS Bank hastwo wholly-owned subsidiaries: Beneficial Equipment Finance Corporation (BEFC) and 1832 Holdings, Inc., andone majority-owned subsidiary, NewLane Finance Company (NewLane Finance®).

Overview

Founded in 1832, the Bank is one of the ten oldest bank and trust companies continuously operating under the same name in the United States (U.S.). The Company provides residential and commercial mortgage, commercial and consumer lending services, as well as consumer deposit and treasury management services. The Company's core banking business is commercial lending funded primarily by client-generated deposits. The Company also originates small business leases and provides commercial financing to businesses nationwide, primarily through NewLane Finance®. In addition, the Company offers a variety of wealth management and trust services to individuals, institutions and corporations. The Company provides ATM vault cash, smart safe and cash logistics services in the United States through our Cash Connect®business. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insures the Company's clients’ deposits to their legal maximums. The Company serves its clients primarily from 115 offices located in Pennsylvania(58), Delaware (39), New Jersey(14), Florida (2), Nevada (1) and Virginia(1), its ATM network, website atwww.wsfsbank.com and mobile app. Information on the website is not incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Basis of Presentation

In preparing the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Amounts subject to significant estimates include the allowance for credit losses (including loans and leases held for investment, investment securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity, accounts receivable for fee businesses), loans held for sale, lending-related commitments, goodwill, intangible assets, post-retirement benefit obligations, the fair value of financial instruments, and income taxes. Among other effects, changes to these estimates could result in future impairments of investment securities, goodwill and intangible assets, the establishment of additional allowance and lending-related commitment reserves, changes in the fair value of financial instruments, as well as increased post-retirement benefits and income tax expense.

The Company's accounting and reporting policies conform to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the U.S. (GAAP), prevailing practices within the banking industry for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of SEC Regulation S-X (Rule 10-01). Rule 10-01 does not require us to include all information and notes that would be required in audited financial statements. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future quarters or for the year ending December 31, 2025. These unaudited, interim Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K) that was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025 and is available atwww.sec.gov or on the website atwww.wsfsbank.com. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions were eliminated in consolidation.

  1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are disclosed in the Company's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Those significant accounting policies remain unchanged at March 31, 2025.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

There were no applicable material accounting pronouncements adopted by the Company since December 31, 2024.

Accounting Guidance Pending Adoption as of March 31, 2025

ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09): In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures primarily related to the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this update to determine the impact on the Company’s disclosures.

ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (ASU 2024-03): In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, which requires entities to disclose disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items in the notes to their financial statements on an annual and interim basis. Subsequently, in January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01— Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date, making ASU 2024-03 effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, on a retrospective or prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating this update to determine the impact on the Company’s disclosures.

  1. NONINTEREST INCOME

Credit/debit card and ATM income

The following table presents the components of credit/debit card and ATM income:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Bailment fees$14,175$14,964
Interchange fees3,7473,753
Other card and ATM fees821952
Total credit/debit card and ATM income$18,743$19,669

Credit/debit card and ATM income is composed of bailment fees, interchange fees, and other card and ATM fees. Bailment fees are earned from bailment arrangements with clients. Bailment arrangements are legal relationships in which property is delivered to another party without a transfer of ownership. The party who transferred the property (the bailor) retains ownership interest of the property. In the event that the bailee files for bankruptcy protection, the property is not included in the bailee's assets. The bailee pays an agreed-upon fee for the use of the bailor's property in exchange for the bailor allowing use of the assets at the bailee's site. Bailment fees are earned from cash that is made available for clients' use at an offsite location, such as cash located in an ATM at a client's place of business. These fees are typically indexed to a market interest rate. This revenue stream generates fee income through monthly billing for bailment services.

Credit/debit card and ATM income also includes interchange fees. Interchange fees are paid by a merchant's bank to a bank that issued a debit or credit card used in a transaction to compensate the issuing bank for the value and benefit the merchant receives from accepting electronic payments. These revenue streams generate fee income at the time a transaction occurs and are recorded as revenue at the time of the transaction.

Investment management and fiduciary income

The following table presents the components of investment management and fiduciary income:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Trust fees$28,069$21,861
Wealth management and advisory fees11,21211,067
Total investment management and fiduciary income$39,281$32,928

Investment management and fiduciary income is composed of trust fees and wealth management and advisory fees. Trust fees are based on revenue earned from custody, escrow, trustee and trustee related services on structured finance transactions; indenture trustee, administrative agent, paying agent and collateral agent services to individuals, institutions and corporations; commercial domicile and independent director services; and investment and trustee services to families and individuals. Most fees are flat fees, except for a portion of personal and corporate trustee fees where the Company earns a percentage on the assets under management or assets held within a trust. This revenue stream primarily generates fee income through monthly, quarterly and annual billings for services provided.

Wealth management and advisory fees consists of fees from Bryn Mawr Trust®, BMCM, Powdermill®, and WSFS Wealth® Investments. Wealth management and advisory fees are based on revenue earned from services including asset management, financial planning, family office, and brokerage. The fees are based on the market value of assets, are assessed as a flat fee, or are brokerage commissions. This revenue stream primarily generates fee income through monthly, quarterly and annual billings for the services.

Deposit service charges

The following table presents the components of deposit service charges:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Service fees$4,606$4,362
Return and overdraft fees1,8381,800
Other deposit service fees309325
Total deposit service charges$6,753$6,487

Deposit service charges includes revenue earned from core deposit products, certificates of deposit, and brokered deposits. The Company generates fee revenues from deposit service charges primarily through service charges and overdraft fees. Service charges consist primarily of monthly account maintenance fees, treasury management fees, foreign ATM fees and other maintenance fees. All of these revenue streams generate fee income through service charges for monthly account maintenance and similar items, transfer fees, late fees, overlimit fees, and stop payment fees. Revenue is recorded at the time of the transaction.

Other income

The following table presents the components of other income:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Managed service fees$4,767$5,586
Currency preparation1,7851,675
ATM loss protection646859
Capital markets revenue1,6783,001
Miscellaneous products and services3,2521,282
Total other income$12,128$12,403

Other income consists of managed service fees, which are primarily courier fees related to cash management, currency preparation, ATM loss protection, Capital Markets revenue, and other miscellaneous products and services offered by the Bank. These fees are primarily generated through monthly billings or at the time of the transaction. Capital Markets revenue consists of fees related to interest rate swaps, risk participation agreements, foreign exchange contracts, letters of credit, and trade finance products and services offered by the Bank.

Arrangements with multiple performance obligations

The Company's contracts with clients may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Company allocates revenue to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The Company generally determines standalone selling prices based on the prices charged to clients.

Practical expedients and exemptions

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed.

See Note 14 for further information about the disaggregation of noninterest income by segment.

  1. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

Three Months Ended March 31,
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)20252024
Numerator:
Net income attributable to WSFS$65,896$65,761
Denominator:
Weighted average basic shares58,45260,352
Dilutive potential common shares261170
Weighted average fully diluted shares58,71360,522
Earnings per share:
Basic$1.13$1.09
Diluted$1.12$1.09
Outstanding common stock equivalents having no dilutive effect1—

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing Net income attributable to WSFS by the weighted-average basic shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing Net income attributable to WSFS by the weighted-average fully diluted shares outstanding, using the treasury stock method. Fully diluted shares include the adjustment for the dilutive effect of common stock awards, which include outstanding stock options under the 2013 Incentive Plan and the 2018 Incentive Plan and unvested restricted stock units and performance stock units under the 2018 Incentive Plan.

  1. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Debt Securities

The following tables detail the amortized cost, allowance for credit losses and the estimated fair value of the Company's investments in available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities. None of the Company's investments in debt securities are classified as trading.

(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostGrossUnrealized GainGrossUnrealized LossAllowance for Credit LossesFairValue
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMO)$515,541$312$86,970$—$428,883
Fannie Mae (FNMA) mortgage-backed securities (MBS)3,265,466918476,980—2,789,404
Freddie Mac (FHLMC) MBS116,803—10,793—106,010
Ginnie Mae (GNMA) MBS43,505173,138—40,384
Government-sponsored enterprises (GSE) agency notes222,226—38,830—183,396
$4,163,541$1,247$616,711$—$3,548,077
Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities(1)
FNMA MBS$822,843$—$103,107$—$719,736
State and political subdivisions183,573574,6216179,003
$1,006,416$57$107,728$6$898,739

(1)Held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale are included in held-to-maturity at fair value basis at the time of transfer. The amortized cost of transferred held-to-maturity securities included net unrealized losses of $96.3 million at March 31, 2025, which are offset in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. At the time of transfer, there was no allowance for credit loss on the available-for-sale securities. Subsequent to transfer, the securities were evaluated for credit loss.

(Dollars in thousands)Amortized CostGrossUnrealized GainGrossUnrealized LossAllowance for Credit LossesFairValue
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
CMO$526,796$113$95,967$—$430,942
FNMA MBS3,305,418172550,011—2,755,579
FHLMC MBS118,605—13,091—105,514
GNMA MBS44,578—3,902—40,676
GSE agency notes222,869—44,932—177,937
$4,218,266$285$707,903$—$3,510,648
Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities(1)
FNMA MBS$831,325$—$116,600$—$714,725
State and political subdivisions183,8432473,2977180,786
$1,015,168$247$119,897$7$895,511

(1)Held-to-maturity securities transferred from available-for-sale are included in held-to-maturity at fair value at the time of transfer. The amortized cost of transferred held-to-maturity securities included net unrealized losses of $100.5 million at December 31, 2024, which are offset in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. At the time of transfer, there was no allowance for credit loss on the available-for-sale securities. Subsequent to transfer, the securities were evaluated for credit loss.

The scheduled maturities of available-for-sale debt securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are presented in the table below:

Available-for-Sale
AmortizedFair
(Dollars in thousands)CostValue
March 31, 2025 (1)
Within one year$22,228$22,002
After one year but within five years153,880147,169
After five years but within ten years487,339420,873
After ten years3,500,0942,958,033
$4,163,541$3,548,077
December 31, 2024 (1)
Within one year$16,833$16,698
After one year but within five years147,157138,870
After five years but within ten years487,921409,908
After ten years3,566,3552,945,172
$4,218,266$3,510,648

(1)Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s available-for-sale investment securities consisted of 994 securities,958 of which were in an unrealized loss position.

As of March 31, 2025, substantially all of the Corporation’s available-for-sale investment securities were mortgage-backed securities or collateral mortgage obligations which were issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored entities and agencies. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity.

The scheduled maturities of held-to-maturity debt securities at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are presented in the table below:

Held-to-Maturity
AmortizedFair
(Dollars in thousands)CostValue
March 31, 2025 (1)
Within one year$—$—
After one year but within five years18,00117,769
After five years but within ten years59,64958,101
After ten years928,766822,869
$1,006,416$898,739
December 31, 2024 (1)
Within one year$—$—
After one year but within five years16,72716,444
After five years but within ten years51,67150,451
After ten years946,770828,616
$1,015,168$895,511

(1)Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities.

MBS may have expected maturities that differ from their contractual maturities. These differences arise because issuers may have the right to call securities and borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalty. The estimated weighted average duration of MBS was 6.1 years at March 31, 2025.

The held-to-maturity debt securities are not collateral-dependent securities as these are general obligation bonds issued by cities, states, counties, or other local governments.

Investment securities with fair market values aggregating $3.2 billion and $3.3 billion were pledged as collateral for investment sweep repurchase agreements, municipal deposits, and other obligations as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company hadno sales of debt securities categorized as available-for-sale.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company's debt securities portfolio had remaining unamortized premiums of $46.1 million and $48.1 million, respectively, and unaccreted discounts of $17.0 million and $17.6 million, respectively.

For debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the table below shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value by investment category and length of time that individual debt securities were in a continuous unrealized loss position at March 31, 2025.

Duration of Unrealized Loss Position
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
FairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedFairUnrealized
(Dollars in thousands)ValueLossValueLossValueLoss
Available-for-sale debt securities:
CMO$—$—$418,473$86,970$418,473$86,970
FNMA MBS19,7272372,690,619476,7432,710,346476,980
FHLMC MBS——106,00410,793106,00410,793
GNMA MBS1,618636,5183,13238,1363,138
GSE agency notes——183,39638,830183,39638,830
$21,345$243$3,435,010$616,468$3,456,355$616,711

For debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the table below shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value by investment category and length of time that individual debt securities were in a continuous unrealized loss position at December 31, 2024.

Duration of Unrealized Loss Position
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
FairUnrealizedFairUnrealizedFairUnrealized
(Dollars in thousands)ValueLossValueLossValueLoss
Available-for-sale debt securities:
CMO$—$—$420,663$95,967$420,663$95,967
FNMA MBS46,9715252,691,778549,4862,738,749550,011
FHLMC MBS6—105,50813,091105,51413,091
GNMA MBS4,40414335,0543,75939,4583,902
GSE agency notes——177,93744,932177,93744,932
$51,381$668$3,430,940$707,235$3,482,321$707,903

The Company does not have the intent to sell, nor is it more likely than not it will be required to sell these securities before it is able to recover the amortized cost basis. The unrealized losses are the result of changes in market interest rates subsequent to purchase, not credit loss, as these are highly rated agency securities with no expected credit loss, in the event of a default. As a result, there isno allowance for credit losses recorded for available-for-sale debt securities as of March 31, 2025.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, held-to-maturity debt securities had an amortized cost basis of $1.0 billion. The held-to-maturity debt security portfolio primarily consists of mortgage-backed securities which were issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored entities and agencies and highly rated municipal bonds. The Company monitors credit quality of its non-government and non-agency securities through credit ratings. The following table summarizes the amortized cost of debt securities held-to-maturity as of March 31, 2025, aggregated by credit quality indicator:

(Dollars in thousands)FNMA MBSState and political subdivisions
A+ rated or higher$—$183,573
Not rated822,843—
Ending balance$822,843$183,573

The following table summarizes the amortized cost of debt securities held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2024, aggregated by credit quality indicator:

(Dollars in thousands)FNMA MBSState and political subdivisions
A+ rated or higher$—$183,843
Not rated831,325—
Ending balance$831,325$183,843

The Company reviewed its held-to-maturity debt securities by major security type for potential credit losses. There was no activity in the allowance for credit losses for FNMA MBS debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for state and political subdivisions debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

Three months ended March 31,
(Dollars in thousands)20252024
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$7$8
Release of credit losses(1)—
Ending balance$6$8

Accrued interest receivable of $3.1 million and $3.6 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, for held-to-maturity debt securities were excluded from the evaluation of allowance for credit losses. There wereno nonaccrual or past due held-to-maturity debt securities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Equity Investments

The Company had equity investments of $17.7 million and $18.2 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company didnot recognize any gains or losses related to our equity investments for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

  1. LOANS AND LEASES

The following table shows the Company's loan and lease portfolio by category:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Commercial and industrial$2,665,400$2,656,174
Owner-occupied commercial1,954,5281,973,645
Commercial mortgages3,982,0734,030,627
Construction868,668832,093
Commercial small business leases636,460647,516
Residential(1)970,687965,051
Consumer(2)2,032,5412,086,393
13,110,35713,191,499
Less:
Allowance for credit losses187,515195,281
Net loans and leases$12,922,842$12,996,218

(1)Includes reverse mortgages at fair value of $4.1 million at March 31, 2025 and $3.6 million at December 31, 2024.

(2) Includes home equity lines of credit, installment loans, unsecured lines of credit and education loans.

Accrued interest receivable on loans and leases was $65.8 million and $67.5 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on loans and leases was excluded from the evaluation of allowance for credit losses.

  1. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES AND CREDIT QUALITY INFORMATION

The following tables provide the activity of the total allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

(Dollars in thousands)Loans and LeasesHTM Securities(1)Other Accounts ReceivableTotal
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$195,281$7$—$195,288
Charge-offs(27,101)——(27,101)
Recoveries2,551——2,551
Provision (release)16,784(1)56717,350
Ending balance$187,515$6$567$188,088
(Dollars in thousands)Loans and LeasesHTM Securities(1)Other Accounts ReceivableTotal
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$186,126$8$—$186,134
Charge-offs(11,859)——(11,859)
Recoveries3,224——3,224
Provision15,138——15,138
Ending balance$192,629$8$—$192,637

(1)See Note 5 for further detail on the HTM securities allowance.

Allowance for Credit Losses Related to Loans and Leases

The following tables provide the activity of allowance for credit losses and loan balances for our loan and lease portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the decrease was primarily due to the charge-off of a specific reserve on a commercial and industrial loan and continued runoff of the Upstart portfolio within consumer loans.

(Dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialOwner-occupiedCommercialCommercialMortgagesConstructionCommercial Small Business LeasesResidential(1)Consumer(2)Total
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$57,131$9,139$48,962$9,185$15,965$5,566$49,333$195,281
Charge-offs(19,871)———(2,967)—(4,263)(27,101)
Recoveries5797525—619477742,551
Provision (release)12,897(736)3055063,4928423616,784
Ending balance$50,736$8,410$49,792$9,691$17,109$5,697$46,080$187,515
Period-end allowance allocated to:
Loans evaluated on an individual basis$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Loans evaluated on a collective basis50,7368,41049,7929,69117,1095,69746,080187,515
Ending balance$50,736$8,410$49,792$9,691$17,109$5,697$46,080$187,515
Period-end loan balances:
Loans evaluated on an individual basis$44,449$6,273$29,407$23,180$—$8,105$3,368$114,782
Loans evaluated on a collective basis2,620,9511,948,2553,952,666845,488636,460958,4662,029,17312,991,459
Ending balance$2,665,400$1,954,528$3,982,073$868,668$636,460$966,571$2,032,541$13,106,241

(1)Period-end loan balance excludes reverse mortgages at fair value of $4.1 million.

(2)Includes home equity lines of credit, installment loans, unsecured lines of credit and education loans.

(Dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialOwner -occupiedCommercialCommercialMortgagesConstructionCommercial Small Business LeasesResidential(1)Consumer(2)Total
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance$49,394$10,719$36,055$10,762$15,170$5,483$58,543$186,126
Charge-offs(476)—(25)—(4,852)(50)(6,456)(11,859)
Recoveries1,7662012—591895753,224
Provision (release)5,218(351)7651974,550(115)4,87415,138
Ending balance$55,902$10,569$36,797$10,959$15,459$5,407$57,536$192,629
Period-end allowance allocated to:
Loans evaluated on an individual basis$6,814$—$—$—$—$—$—$6,814
Loans evaluated on a collective basis49,08810,56936,79710,95915,4595,40757,536185,815
Ending balance$55,902$10,569$36,797$10,959$15,459$5,407$57,536$192,629
Period-end loan balances:
Loans evaluated on an individual basis$27,229$5,866$21,536$3,962$—$8,311$2,664$69,568
Loans evaluated on a collective basis2,564,6321,877,0103,855,3201,052,387633,803864,3542,063,20712,910,713
Ending balance$2,591,861$1,882,876$3,876,856$1,056,349$633,803$872,665$2,065,871$12,980,281

(1)Period-end loan balance excludes reverse mortgages at fair value of $2.5 million.

(2)Includes home equity lines of credit, installment loans, unsecured lines of credit and education loans.

The following tables show nonaccrual and past due loans presented at amortized cost at the date indicated:

(Dollars in thousands)30–89 DaysPast Due andStill AccruingGreater Than90 DaysPast Due andStill AccruingTotal PastDueAnd StillAccruingAccruingCurrentBalancesNonaccrual Loans With No AllowanceNonaccrualLoans With An AllowanceTotalLoans
Commercial and industrial$8,683$466$9,149$2,611,666$44,585$—$2,665,400
Owner-occupied commercial9,672—9,6721,938,7536,103—1,954,528
Commercial mortgages4,445—4,4453,948,22129,407—3,982,073
Construction———845,48823,180—868,668
Commercial small business leases10,290—10,290626,170——636,460
Residential(1)3,3222713,593958,0494,929—966,571
Consumer(2)14,88511,12926,0142,003,0563,471—2,032,541
Total$51,297$11,866$63,163$12,931,403$111,675$—$13,106,241
% of Total Loans0.39%0.09%0.48%98.67%0.85%—%100%

(1)Residential accruing current balances excludes reverse mortgages at fair value of $4.1 million.

(2)Includes $19.8 million of delinquent, but still accruing, U.S. government-guaranteed student loans that carry little risk of credit loss.

(Dollars in thousands)30–89 DaysPast Due andStill AccruingGreater Than90 DaysPast Due andStill AccruingTotal PastDueAnd StillAccruingAccruingCurrentBalancesNonaccrual Loans With No AllowanceNonaccrualLoans With An AllowanceTotalLoans
Commercial and industrial$1,482$488$1,970$2,592,395$43,206$18,603$2,656,174
Owner-occupied commercial7061969021,968,0334,710—1,973,645
Commercial mortgages2,6215623,1834,005,22122,223—4,030,627
Construction———806,49325,600—832,093
Commercial small business leases8,4095668,975638,541——647,516
Residential(1)4,262154,277952,1385,011—961,426
Consumer(2)18,0867,37525,4612,058,1042,828—2,086,393
Total$35,566$9,202$44,768$13,020,925$103,578$18,603$13,187,874
% of Total Loans0.27%0.07%0.34%98.73%0.79%0.14%100%

(1)Residential accruing current balances excludes reverse mortgages, at fair value of $3.6 million.

(2)Includes $15.6 million of delinquent, but still accruing, U.S. government-guaranteed student loans that carry little risk of credit loss.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of nonaccruing collateral-dependent loans by class at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)PropertyEquipment and otherPropertyEquipment and other
Commercial and industrial$40,542$4,044$41,105$20,704
Owner-occupied commercial6,103—4,710—
Commercial mortgages29,407—22,223—
Construction23,180—25,600—
Residential(1)4,929—5,011—
Consumer(2)3,441292,828—
Total$107,602$4,073$101,477$20,704

(1)Excludes reverse mortgages at fair value.

(2)Includes home equity lines of credit.

As of March 31, 2025, there were 34 residential loans and 17 commercial loans in the process of foreclosure. The total outstanding balance on these loans was $7.5 million and $10.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, there were 31 residential loans and 15 commercial loans in the process of foreclosure. The total outstanding balance on these loans was $5.6 million and $6.6 million, respectively. Loan workout and other real estate owned (OREO) expenses (recoveries) were $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $(0.4) million during three months ended March 31, 2024. Loan workout and OREO expenses are included in Loan workout and other credit costs on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.

Credit Quality Indicators

Below is a description of each of the risk ratings for all commercial loans:

Pass. These borrowers currently show no indication of deterioration or potential problems and their loans are considered fully collectible.

Special Mention. These borrowers have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. Borrowers in this category may be experiencing adverse operating trends, for example, declining revenues or margins, high leverage, tight liquidity, or increasing inventory without increasing sales. These adverse trends can have a potential negative effect on the borrower’s repayment capacity. These assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Bank to significant risk that would warrant a more severe rating. Borrowers in this category may also be experiencing significant management problems, pending litigation, or other structural credit weaknesses.

Substandard or Lower. These borrowers have well-defined weaknesses that require extensive oversight by management. Borrowers in this category may exhibit one or more of the following: inadequate debt service coverage, unprofitable operations, insufficient liquidity, high leverage, and weak or inadequate capitalization. Relationships in this category are not adequately protected by the sound financial worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged on the loan, if any. A distinct possibility exists that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. In addition, some borrowers in this category could have the added characteristic that the possibility of loss is extremely high. Current circumstances in the credit relationship make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable. Such impending events include: perfecting liens on additional collateral, obtaining collateral valuations, an acquisition or liquidation preceding, proposed merger, or refinancing plan.

Residential and Consumer Loans

The residential and consumer loan portfolios are monitored on an ongoing basis using delinquency information and loan type as credit quality indicators. These credit quality indicators are assessed in the aggregate in these relatively homogeneous portfolios. Loans that are greater than 90 days past due are generally considered nonperforming and placed on nonaccrual status.

The following tables provide an analysis of loans by portfolio segment based on the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2025.

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(1)
(Dollars in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorRevolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to termTotal
Commercial and industrial:
Risk Rating
Pass$105,711$705,411$462,128$346,615$113,588$419,168$8,431$261,673$2,422,725
Special mention2,75213,2083,1223,997—8,310—66832,057
Substandard or Lower2,07268,35228,03618,9623,32451,2874238,543210,618
$110,535$786,971$493,286$369,574$116,912$478,765$8,473$300,884$2,665,400
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$5,390$628$—$12,734$1,119$—$—$19,871
Owner-occupied commercial:
Risk Rating
Pass$59,864$280,025$276,457$210,332$216,814$545,724$—$237,466$1,826,682
Special mention——4364,274—26,323——31,033
Substandard or Lower—4,6508,96217,5129,05141,686—14,95296,813
$59,864$284,675$285,855$232,118$225,865$613,733$—$252,418$1,954,528
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Commercial mortgages:
Risk Rating
Pass$143,521$468,767$634,851$393,970$377,583$1,166,205$—$568,376$3,753,273
Special mention19,69415,888——1,29125,746—37,32599,944
Substandard or Lower—38,38423,96515,6751,00739,163—10,662128,856
$163,215$523,039$658,816$409,645$379,881$1,231,114$—$616,363$3,982,073
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Construction:
Risk Rating
Pass$92,719$303,633$236,950$92,385$3,853$3,041$—$81,840$814,421
Special mention———9,389————9,389
Substandard or Lower220,914—20,559762——2,62144,858
$92,721$324,547$236,950$122,333$4,615$3,041$—$84,461$868,668
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Commercial small business leases:
Risk Rating
Performing$49,104$233,470$172,277$107,404$47,302$26,903$—$—$636,460
Nonperforming—————————
$49,104$233,470$172,277$107,404$47,302$26,903$—$—$636,460
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$372$1,109$934$480$72$—$—$2,967
Residential(2):
Risk Rating
Performing$22,371$172,885$170,290$62,157$91,595$439,009$—$—$958,307
Nonperforming——1183583,4634,325——8,264
$22,371$172,885$170,408$62,515$95,058$443,334$—$—$966,571
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Consumer(3):
Risk Rating
Performing$12,138$267,453$327,803$421,777$109,679$303,041$580,268$7,013$2,029,172
Nonperforming——249139851402,4752813,369
$12,138$267,453$328,052$421,916$109,764$303,181$582,743$7,294$2,032,541
Current-period gross writeoffs$372$268$899$1,869$581$274$—$—$4,263

(1)Origination date represents the most recent underwriting of the loan which includes new relationships, renewals and extensions.

(2)Excludes reverse mortgages at fair value.

(3)Includes home equity lines of credit, installment loans, unsecured lines of credit and education loans.

The following tables provide an analysis of loans by portfolio segment based on the credit quality indicators used to determine the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2024.

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(1)
(Dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorRevolving loans amortized cost basisRevolving loans converted to termTotal
Commercial and industrial:
Risk Rating
Pass$662,723$542,655$345,370$126,173$155,137$309,445$8,744$252,524$2,402,771
Special mention18,8613864,1471,1762,490607—1,86829,535
Substandard or Lower68,28228,70719,9604,58721,58929,7852750,931223,868
$749,866$571,748$369,477$131,936$179,216$339,837$8,771$305,323$2,656,174
Current-period gross writeoffs$102$1,303$4,276$706$275$8,828$—$—$15,490
Owner-occupied commercial:
Risk Rating
Pass$285,146$296,339$224,797$225,086$168,368$404,515$—$238,356$1,842,607
Special mention——498—25,220——75626,474
Substandard or Lower3,5019,04421,9138,8854,80741,044—15,370104,564
$288,647$305,383$247,208$233,971$198,395$445,559$—$254,482$1,973,645
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$114$—$—$—$63$—$—$177
Commercial mortgages:
Risk Rating
Pass$546,404$740,711$396,458$414,546$379,637$858,744$—$506,394$3,842,894
Special mention15,6063,389—1,9622,3562,136—36,73862,187
Substandard or Lower43,57223,99616,3282,07720,88018,165—528125,546
$605,582$768,096$412,786$418,585$402,873$879,045$—$543,660$4,030,627
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$62$—$—$97$5,590$—$—$5,749
Construction:
Risk Rating
Pass$318,363$277,130$161,517$3,112$87$3,319$—$22,416$785,944
Special mention—————————
Substandard or Lower19,759—20,779791———4,82046,149
$338,122$277,130$182,296$3,903$87$3,319$—$27,236$832,093
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—$—
Commercial small business leases:
Risk Rating
Performing$247,583$189,509$121,990$56,998$14,569$16,867$—$—$647,516
Nonperforming—————————
$247,583$189,509$121,990$56,998$14,569$16,867$—$—$647,516
Current-period gross writeoffs$1,018$5,442$8,216$3,645$1,235$477$—$—$20,033
Residential(2):
Risk Rating
Performing$170,647$176,923$62,833$92,574$49,994$399,981$—$—$952,952
Nonperforming—1203603,4689833,543——8,474
$170,647$177,043$63,193$96,042$50,977$403,524$—$—$961,426
Current-period gross writeoffs$—$—$—$—$—$125$—$—$125
Consumer(3):
Risk Rating
Performing$282,465$350,605$446,701$116,890$85,633$229,340$564,839$7,124$2,083,597
Nonperforming—24996265192—1,6972972,796
$282,465$350,854$446,797$117,155$85,825$229,340$566,536$7,421$2,086,393
Current-period gross writeoffs$1,282$3,942$13,955$2,837$863$670$—$—$23,549

(1)Origination date represents the most recent underwriting of the loan which includes new relationships, renewals and extensions.

(2)Excludes reverse mortgages at fair value.

(3)Includes home equity lines of credit, installment loans, unsecured lines of credit and education loans.

Troubled Loans

The Company offers loan modifications to commercial and consumer borrowers that may result in a payment delay, interest rate reduction, term extension, principal forgiveness, or combination thereof. Loan modifications are offered on a case-by-case basis and are generally term extension, payment delay, and interest rate reduction modification types. Forbearance (due to hardship) programs result in modification types including payment delay and/or term extension. In addition, certain reorganization bankruptcy judgments may result in interest rate reduction, term extension, or principal forgiveness modification types.

The following tables show the period-end amortized cost basis of troubled loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, disaggregated by portfolio segment and type of modification granted:

(Dollars in thousands)Term ExtensionMore-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayCombination- Term Extension and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Loan Category
Commercial and industrial$718$71$—$7890.03%
Owner-occupied commercial6,915911—7,8260.40%
Commercial mortgages42,784—6,56949,3531.24%
Construction20,559——20,5592.37%
Consumer(1)1477031,0721,9220.09%
Total$71,123$1,685$7,641$80,4490.61%
(Dollars in thousands)Term ExtensionMore-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayCombination- Term Extension and Payment DelayTotal% of Total Loan Category
Commercial and industrial$31,865$349$820$33,0341.27%
Construction1,910——1,9100.18%
Consumer(1)3257021,9322,9590.14%
Total$34,100$1,051$2,752$37,9030.29%

The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to troubled loans during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

Term Extension(1)More-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay(2)
Commercial and industrial0.92—%
Owner-occupied commercial0.260.01
Commercial mortgages0.610.05
Construction0.75—
Consumer0.480.01
Term Extension(1)More-Than-Insignificant Payment Delay(2)
Commercial and industrial1.240.01%
Construction1.00—
Consumer0.470.02

(1)Represents the weighted-average increase in the life of modified loans measured in years, which reduces monthly payment amounts for borrowers.

(2)Represents the percentage of loans deferred over the total loan portfolio excluding reverse mortgages at fair value.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had commitments to extend credit of $17.9 million and $18.6 million, respectively, to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty whose terms had been modified.

Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount.

The following tables show the amortized cost of loans that received a modification that had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 and were modified in the 12 months before default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

Term ExtensionTotal
Commercial mortgages5,4355,435
Total$5,435$5,435
Term ExtensionMore-Than-Insignificant Payment DelayTotal
Commercial and industrial$8,694$199$8,893
Total$8,694$199$8,893

The Company closely monitors the performance of troubled loans to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following tables show the performance of loans that have been modified in the last 12 months as of March 31, 2025 and 2024:

(Dollars in thousands)30-89 Days Past Due and Still Accruing90+ Days Past Due and Still AccruingAccruing Current BalancesNonaccrual LoansTotal
Commercial and industrial$—$—$32,702$30,409$63,111
Owner-occupied commercial1,931—4,8561,0397,826
Commercial mortgages——38,85926,76065,619
Construction——20,46920,55941,028
Residential———141141
Consumer(1)5512875,3641956,397
Total$2,482$287$102,250$79,103$184,122
30-89 Days Past Due and Still Accruing90+ Days Past Due and Still AccruingAccruing Current BalancesNonaccrual LoansTotal
Commercial and industrial$—$—$58,771$24,133$82,904
Owner-occupied commercial———6565
Commercial mortgages——9,345—9,345
Construction——17,331—17,331
Residential——44167211
Consumer(1)1,0962587,6463879,387
Total$1,096$258$93,137$24,752$119,243

Allowance for Credit Losses Related to Other Accounts Receivable

The Company determines the allowance for other accounts receivable (e.g. fee-related receivables) considering historical loss information and other available indicators. In certain cases where there are no historical, current, or forecast indicators of an expected credit loss, we may estimate the reserve to be close to zero. The allowance for credit losses related to other accounts receivable was $0.6 million as of March 31, 2025 and we hadno allowance as of December 31, 2024.

  1. LEASES

As a lessee, the Company enters into leases for its bank branches, corporate offices, and certain equipment. As a lessor, the Company primarily provides financing through its equipment leasing business.

Lessee

The Company's ongoing leases have remaining lease terms of less thanone year to 20 years, which includes renewal options that are reasonably expected to be exercised at its discretion. The Company's lease terms to calculate the lease liability and right-of-use asset include options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The lease liability and right-of-use asset is included in Other liabilities and Other assets, respectively, in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating lease expense is included in Occupancy expense in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company accounts for lease components separately from nonlease components. The Company subleases certain real estate to third parties.

The components of operating lease cost were as follows:

Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025March 31, 2024
Operating lease cost (1)$4,417$3,972
Sublease income(25)(32)
Net lease cost$4,392$3,940

(1)Includes variable lease cost and short-term lease cost.

Supplemental information related to operating leases was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Right-of-use assets$131,439$131,126
Lease liabilities$152,604$152,364
Lease term and discount rate
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)12.3712.62
Weighted average discount rate5.29%5.28%

Maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025
Remaining in 2025$13,971
202517,998
202616,983
202716,862
202816,456
After 2028128,114
Total lease payments210,384
Less: Interest(57,780)
Present value of lease liabilities$152,604

Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025March 31, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases$4,713$4,721

As of March 31, 2025, the Corporation had not entered into any material leases that have not yet commenced.

Lessor Equipment Leasing

The Company provides equipment and small business lease financing through its leasing subsidiary, NewLane Finance®. Interest income from direct financing leases where the Company is a lessor is recognized in Interest and fees on loans and leases on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. The allowance for credit losses on finance leases is included in Provision for credit losses on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.

The components of direct finance lease income are summarized in the table below:

Three months ended
(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025March 31, 2024
Direct financing leases:
Interest income on lease receivable$16,212$14,800
Interest income on deferred fees and costs, net(2,253)(1,792)
Total direct financing lease net interest income$13,959$13,008

Equipment leasing receivables relate to direct financing leases. The composition of the net investment in direct financing leases was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Lease receivables$735,979$749,968
Unearned income(119,545)(122,846)
Deferred fees and costs20,02620,394
Net investment in direct financing leases$636,460$647,516
  1. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

In accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (ASC 805) and ASC 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (ASC 350), all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in purchase acquisitions, including goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles and other intangibles are recorded at fair value as of acquisition date.

WSFS performs its annual goodwill impairment test on October 1, or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. In between annual tests, management performs a qualitative review of goodwill quarterly as part of the Company's review of the overall business to ensure no events or circumstances have occurred that would impact its goodwill evaluation. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, management determined based on its qualitative assessment that the fair values of our reporting units exceeded their carrying values, andno goodwill impairment existed.

The following table shows the allocation of goodwill to the reportable operating segments for purposes of goodwill impairment testing:

(Dollars in thousands)WSFSBankWealthand TrustConsolidatedCompany
December 31, 2024$753,586$132,312$885,898
Goodwill adjustments———
March 31, 2025$753,586$132,312$885,898

ASC 350 requires that an acquired intangible asset be separately recognized if the benefit of the intangible asset is obtained through contractual or other legal rights, or if the asset can be sold, transferred, licensed, rented or exchanged, regardless of the acquirer’s intent to do so. The following table summarizes the Company's intangible assets:

(Dollars in thousands)GrossIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortizationNetIntangibleAssetsAmortization Period
Core deposits$104,751$(63,538)$41,21310 years
Client relationships73,880(24,946)48,9347-15 years
Loan servicing rights(1)11,137(6,200)4,93710-25 years
Tradename2,900—2,900indefinite
Total intangible assets$192,668$(94,684)$97,984
Core deposits$104,751$(60,999)$43,75210 years
Client relationships73,880(23,588)50,2927-15 years
Loan servicing rights(2)11,220(5,901)5,31910-25 years
Tradename2,900—2,900indefinite
Total intangible assets$192,751$(90,488)$102,263

(1)Includes impairment losses of less than $0.1 million for thethree months ended March 31, 2025.

(2)Includes reversal of impairment losses of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company recognized amortization expense on intangible assets of $3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

The following table presents the estimated future amortization expense on definite life intangible assets:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025
Remaining in 2025$12,424
202615,889
202715,400
202814,559
20297,069
Thereafter29,743
Total$95,084

Servicing Assets

The Company records servicing rights on Small Business Administration (SBA) loans and mortgage servicing rights on its mortgage loan servicing portfolio. This includes loans that it acquires or originates as well as loans that it services for others. SBA loan servicing rights and Mortgage servicing rights are included in Goodwill and intangible assets in the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Mortgage loans which the Company services for others are not included in Loans and leases, net of allowance in the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Servicing rights represent the present value of the future net servicing fees from servicing mortgage loans the Company acquires or originates, or that it services for others.

The value of the Company's SBA loan servicing rights was $3.7 million and $4.0 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and the value of its mortgage servicing rights was $1.2 million and $1.3 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Changes in the value of the Company's servicing rights resulted in impairment losses of less than $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and impairment losses of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Revenues from the Company's SBA loan servicing rights are included in Loan and lease fee income in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income, and revenues from originating, marketing and servicing mortgage loans as well as valuation adjustments related to capitalized mortgage servicing rights are included in Mortgage banking activities, net in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.

Besides the impairment on loan servicing rights noted above, there wasno impairment of other intangible assets as of March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. Changing economic conditions that may adversely affect the Company's performance and could result in impairment, which could adversely affect earnings in the future.

  1. DEPOSITS

The following table shows deposits by category:

(Dollars in thousands) · March 31, 2025 · December 31, 2024
Noninterest-bearing:
Noninterest demand$4,947,049$4,987,753
Total noninterest-bearing$4,947,049$4,987,753
Interest-bearing:
Interest-bearing demand$2,881,687$2,973,431
Savings1,463,1441,466,289
Money market5,487,3045,471,611
Client time deposits2,099,8772,130,724
Total interest-bearing11,932,01212,042,055
Total deposits$16,879,061$17,029,808
  1. INCOME TAXES

There wereno unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2025. The Company records interest and penalties on potential income tax deficiencies as income tax expense. The Company's federal and state tax returns for the 2021 through 2024 tax years are subject to examination as of March 31, 2025. The Company doesnot expect to record or realize any material unrecognized tax benefits during 2025.

The amortization of the low-income housing credit investments has been reflected as income tax expense of $2.2 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The amount of affordable housing tax credits, amortization, and tax benefits recorded as income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $1.9 million, $2.2 million, and $0.6 million, respectively. The carrying value of the investment in affordable housing credits is $92.1 million at March 31, 2025, compared to $94.3 million at December 31, 2024 and is included in the Other assets line item on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.

  1. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurement (ASC 820-10) defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the following three levels:

Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.

Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs to the valuation methodology that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The following tables present financial instruments carried at fair value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 by level in the valuation hierarchy (as described above):

(Dollars in thousands)QuotedPrices inActiveMarkets forIdenticalAsset(Level 1)SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2)SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Total FairValue
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Available-for-sale securities:
CMO$—$428,883$—$428,883
FNMA MBS—2,789,404—2,789,404
FHLMC MBS—106,010—106,010
GNMA MBS—40,384—40,384
GSE agency notes—183,396—183,396
Other assets—149,74833149,781
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis$—$3,697,825$33$3,697,858
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Other liabilities$—$132,509$4,613$137,122
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:
Other investments$—$—$15,489$15,489
Other real estate owned——5,2045,204
Loans held for sale—52,481—52,481
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis$—$52,481$20,693$73,174
(Dollars in thousands)QuotedPrices inActiveMarkets forIdenticalAsset(Level 1)SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2)SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Total FairValue
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Available-for-sale securities:
CMO$—$430,942$—$430,942
FNMA MBS—2,755,579—2,755,579
FHLMC MBS—105,514—105,514
GNMA MBS—40,676—40,676
GSE agency notes—177,937—177,937
Other assets—170,46425170,489
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis$—$3,681,112$25$3,681,137
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Other liabilities$—$155,242$5,270$160,512
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Other investments$—$—$15,516$15,516
Other real estate owned——5,2045,204
Loans held for sale—49,699—49,699
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis$—$49,699$20,720$70,419

Fair value is based on quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based on internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. The Company's valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While the Company believes its valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Available-for-sale securities

Securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs. The Company believes that this Level 2 designation is appropriate under ASC 820-10, as these securities are GSEs and GNMA securities with almost all fixed income securities, none are exchange traded, and all are priced by correlation to observed market data. For these securities the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors.

Other investments

Other investments includes equity investments without readily determinable fair values, which are categorized as Level 3. The Company’s equity investments without readily determinable fair values are held at cost, and are adjusted for any observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer during the reporting period.

Other real estate owned

Other real estate owned consists of loan collateral which has been repossessed through foreclosure or other measures. Initially, foreclosed assets are recorded at the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are updated periodically and the assets may be marked down further, reflecting a new cost basis. The fair value of other real estate owned was estimated using Level 3 inputs based on appraisals obtained from third parties.

Loans held for sale

The fair value of loans held for sale is based on estimates using Level 2 inputs. These inputs are based on pricing information obtained from wholesale mortgage banks and brokers and applied to loans with similar interest rates and maturities.

Other assets

Other assets include the fair value of interest rate products, derivatives on the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline, foreign exchange forward contracts, and risk participation agreements. Valuation of interest rate products is obtained from an independent pricing service and also from the derivative counterparty. Valuation of the derivative related to the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline is based on valuation of the loans held for sale portfolio as described above in Loans held for sale. Valuation of foreign exchange forward contracts and risk participation agreements are obtained from an independent pricing service.

Other liabilities

Other liabilities include the fair value of interest rate products, derivatives on the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline, foreign exchange forward contracts, risk participation agreements, and derivative related to the sale of certain Visa Class B common shares. Valuation of interest rate products is obtained from an independent pricing service and also from the derivative counterparty. Valuation of the derivative related to the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline is based on valuation of the loans held for sale portfolio as described above in Loans held for sale. Valuation of foreign exchange forward contracts and risk participation agreements are obtained from an independent pricing service. Valuation of the derivative related to the sale of certain Visa Class B common shares is based on: (i) the agreed upon graduated fee structure; (ii) the length of time until the resolution of the Visa covered litigation; and (iii) the estimated impact of dilution in the conversion ratio of Class B shares resulting from changes in the Visa covered litigation.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The reported fair values of financial instruments are based on a variety of factors. In certain cases, fair values represent quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments. In other cases, fair values have been estimated based on assumptions regarding the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows that are discounted to reflect current market rates and varying degrees of risk. Accordingly, the fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could have been realized as of period-end or that will be realized in the future.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

For cash and short-term investment securities, including due from banks, federal funds sold or purchased under agreements to resell and interest-bearing deposits with other banks, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Investment securities

Investment securities include debt securities classified as held-to-maturity or available-for-sale. Fair value is estimated using quoted prices for similar securities, which the Company obtains from a third-party vendor. The Company uses one of the largest providers of securities pricing to the industry and management periodically assesses the inputs used by this vendor to price the various types of securities owned by the Company to validate the vendor’s methodology as described above in available-for-sale securities.

Other investments

Other investments includes equity investments without readily determinable fair values (see discussion in “Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities” section above) as well as equity method investments.

Loans held for sale

Loans held for sale are carried at their fair value (see discussion in “Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities” section above).

Loans and leases

Loans and leases are segregated by portfolio segments with similar financial characteristics. The fair values of loans and leases, with the exception of reverse mortgages, are estimated by discounting expected cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with comparable credit ratings and for similar remaining maturities. The fair values of reverse mortgages are based on the net present value of the expected cash flows using a discount rate specific to the reverse mortgages portfolio. The fair value of nonperforming loans is based on recent external appraisals of the underlying collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. Estimated cash flows, discounted using a rate commensurate with current rates and the risk associated with the estimated cash flows, are used if appraisals are not available. This technique does contemplate an exit price.

Stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) of Pittsburgh

The fair value of FHLB stock is assumed to be equal to its cost basis, since the stock is non-marketable but redeemable at its par value.

Accrued interest receivable

The carrying amounts of interest receivable approximate fair value.

Other assets

Other assets include the fair value of interest rate products, derivatives on the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline, foreign exchange forward contracts, and risk participation agreements (see discussion in “Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities” section above).

Deposits

The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, money market and interest-bearing demand deposits, is assumed to be equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for deposits with comparable remaining maturities.

Borrowed funds

Rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate the fair value of existing debt.

Off-balance sheet instruments

The fair value of off-balance sheet instruments, including swap guarantees of $5.2 million at March 31, 2025 and $5.5 million at December 31, 2024, respectively, and standby letters of credit, approximates the recorded net deferred fee amounts. Because letters of credit are generally not assignable by either the Company or the borrower, they only have value to the Company and the borrower. In determining the fair value of the swap guarantees, the Company assesses the underlying credit risk exposure for each borrower in a paying position to the third-party financial institution.

Accrued interest payable

The carrying amounts of interest payable approximate fair value.

Other liabilities

Other liabilities include the fair value of interest rate products, derivatives on the residential mortgage held for sale loan pipeline, foreign exchange forward contracts, risk participation agreements, and derivative related to the sale of certain Visa Class B common shares (see discussion in “Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities” section above).

Financial instruments measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)

The following tables provide a description of the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs for the Company's financial instruments classified as Level 3 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

(Dollars in thousands)March 31, 2025
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation Technique(s)Unobservable InputRange(Weighted Average)
Other investments$15,489Observed market comparable transactionsPeriod of observed transactionsDecember 2023
Other real estate owned5,204Fair market value of collateralCosts to sell5.0%-10.0% (6.1%)
Other assets (Risk participation agreements purchased)33Credit Valuation AdjustmentCDS Spread and Loss Given Default (LGD)CDS spread: 110 - 360 bps (191 bps)LGD: –% - 30% (30%)
Other liabilities (Risk participation agreements sold)104Credit Valuation AdjustmentCDS Spread and Loss Given Default (LGD)CDS spread: 1 - 250 bps (207 bps)LGD: 30%
Other liabilities (Financial derivative related to sales of certain Visa Class B shares)4,509Discounted cash flowTiming of Visa litigation resolution2.25 years or 2Q 2027
(Dollars in thousands)December 31, 2024
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation Technique(s)Unobservable InputRange(Weighted Average)
Other investments$15,516Observed market comparable transactionsPeriod of observed transactionsDecember 2023
Other real estate owned5,204Fair market value of collateralCosts to sell10.0%
Other assets (Risk participation agreements purchased)25Credit Valuation AdjustmentCDS Spread and Loss Given Default (LGD)CDS spread: 110 - 360 bps (192 bps)LGD: –% - 30% (30%)
Other liabilities (Risk participation agreements sold)90Credit Valuation AdjustmentCDS Spread and Loss Given Default (LGD)CDS spread: 1 - 250 bps (207 bps)LGD: 30%
Other liabilities (Financial derivative related to sales of certain Visa Class B shares)5,180Discounted cash flowTiming of Visa litigation resolution2.50 years or 2Q 2027

The book value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:

March 31, 2025 · December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)Fair ValueMeasurementBook ValueFair ValueBook ValueFair Value
Financial assets:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cashLevel 1$1,017,294$1,017,294$1,154,818$1,154,818
Investment securities available-for-saleLevel 23,548,0773,548,0773,510,6483,510,648
Investment securities held-to-maturity, netLevel 21,006,410898,7391,015,161895,511
Other investmentsLevel 317,72217,72218,18418,184
Loans, held for saleLevel 252,48152,48149,69949,699
Loans and leases, net(1)Level 312,922,84212,963,26812,996,21813,100,492
Stock in FHLB of PittsburghLevel 220,88620,88611,80511,805
Accrued interest receivableLevel 280,41880,41884,67184,671
Other assetsLevels 2, 3149,781149,781170,489170,489
Financial liabilities:
DepositsLevel 2$16,879,061$16,866,426$17,029,808$17,016,839
Borrowed fundsLevel 2318,092320,680383,607379,154
Standby letters of creditLevel 3699699776776
Accrued interest payableLevel 235,94735,94738,17338,173
Other liabilitiesLevels 2, 3137,122137,122160,512160,512

(1) Includes reverse mortgage loans.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company hadno commitments to extend credit measured at fair value.

  1. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both economic conditions and its business operations. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities. The Company manages a matched book with respect to its derivative instruments in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for proprietary or speculative trading.

Fair Values of Derivative Instruments

The table below presents the fair value of derivative financial instruments as well as their location on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of March 31, 2025.

Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
(Dollars in thousands)CountNotionalBalance Sheet LocationDerivatives(Fair Value)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate options18$1,500,000Other assets$16,326
Total$1,500,000$16,326
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps and options$2,955,827Other assets$131,678
Interest rate swaps and options2,955,827Other liabilities(131,680)
Interest rate lock commitments with clients70,720Other assets1,067
Interest rate lock commitments with clients1,669Other liabilities(4)
Forward sale commitments5,141Other assets15
Forward sale commitments67,817Other liabilities(261)
FX forwards28,922Other assets662
FX forwards18,811Other liabilities(564)
Risk participation agreements sold110,493Other liabilities(104)
Risk participation agreements purchased99,941Other assets33
Financial derivatives related tosales of certain Visa Class B shares53,806Other liabilities(4,509)
Total derivatives$7,868,974$12,659

The table below presents the fair value of derivative financial instruments as well as their location on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2024.

Fair Values of Derivative Instruments
(Dollars in thousands)CountNotionalBalance Sheet LocationDerivatives(Fair Value)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate options18$1,500,000Other assets$14,265
Total$1,500,000$14,265
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps and options$2,942,675Other assets$153,980
Interest rate swaps and options2,942,675Other liabilities(153,980)
Interest rate lock commitments with clients41,238Other assets612
Interest rate lock commitments with customers3,658Other liabilities(18)
Forward sale commitments28,927Other assets200
Forward sale commitments27,071Other liabilities(39)
FX forwards26,716Other assets1,407
FX forwards25,924Other liabilities(1,205)
Risk participation agreements sold110,948Other liabilities(90)
Risk participation agreements purchased97,201Other assets25
Financial derivatives related tosales of certain Visa Class B shares55,358Other liabilities(5,180)
Total derivatives$7,802,391$9,977

Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Income Statement

The table below presents the effect of the derivative financial instruments on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024.

Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion) · Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)
(Dollars in thousands)Three Months Ended March 31,
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships · 2025 · 2024
Interest rate options$2,875$(6,433)Interest income
Total$2,875$(6,433)
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income · Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
(Dollars in thousands)Three Months Ended March 31,
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments20252024
Interest rate swaps and options$1,380$2,435Other income
Interest rate lock commitments with clients415252Mortgage banking activities, net
Forward sale commitments(368)114Mortgage banking activities, net
FX forwards38159Other income
Risk participation agreements(433)(34)Other income
Total$1,032$2,926

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company's objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest income and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Company primarily uses interest rate options, including floors, caps, collars, or swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate options designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of fixed amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

The Company has agreements with certain derivative counterparties that contain a provision under which, if it defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company also has agreements with certain derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if it fails to maintain its status as a well-capitalized or adequately capitalized institution, then the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and the Company would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had 18 interest rate floors purchased at an aggregate premium of $29.7 million with an aggregate notional amount of $1.5 billion to hedge variable cash flows associated with a variable rate loan pool through the third quarter of 2027. Changes to the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecast transaction affects earnings. If the Company determines that a cash flow hedge is no longer highly effective, future changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument would be reported in earnings. As of March 31, 2025, the Company determined the cash flow hedges remain highly effective. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, $1.7 million of amortization expense on the premium was reclassified into interest income compared to $0.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company does not expect any unrealized gains or losses related to cash flow hedges to be reclassified into earnings in the next twelve months.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Client Derivatives – Interest Rate Swaps

The Company enters into interest rate swaps, options, and other hedging contracts (collectively, "swaps") with commercial loan clients and other qualified client counterparties wishing to manage interest rate risk exposures. The Company then enters into offsetting hedging agreements with swap dealer counterparties to economically hedge the exposure arising from these contracts. The interest rate swaps with both the clients and third parties are not designated as hedges under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging(ASC 815) and are marked to market through earnings. As the interest rate swaps are structured to offset each other, changes to the underlying benchmark interest rates considered in the valuation of these instruments do not result in an impact to earnings; however, there may be fair value adjustments related to credit quality variations between counterparties, which may impact earnings as required by ASC 820. As of March 31, 2025, there were no fair value adjustments related to credit quality.

Derivative Financial Instruments from Mortgage Banking Activities

Derivative financial instruments related to mortgage banking activities are recorded at fair value and are not designated as accounting hedges. This includes commitments to originate certain fixed-rate residential mortgage loans to clients, also referred to as interest rate lock commitments. The Company may also enter into forward sale commitments to sell loans to investors at a fixed price at a future date and trade asset-backed securities to mitigate interest rate risk.

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts (FX forwards) with clients to exchange one currency for another on an agreed date in the future at an agreed exchange rate. The Corporation then enters into corresponding FX forwards with swap dealer counterparties to economically hedge its exposure on the exchange rate component of the client agreements. The FX forwards with both the clients and third parties are not designated as hedges under ASC 815 and are marked to market through earnings. Exposure to gains and losses on these contracts increase or decrease over their respective lives as currency exchange and interest rates fluctuate. As the FX forwards are structured to offset each other, changes to the underlying term structure of currency exchange rates considered in the valuation of these instruments do not result in an impact to earnings; however, there may be fair value adjustments related to credit quality variations between counterparties, which may impact earnings as required by ASC 820. As of March 31, 2025, there were no fair value adjustments related to credit quality.

Risk Participation Agreements

The Company may enter into a risk participation agreement (RPA) with another institution as a means to assume a portion of the credit risk associated with a loan structure which includes a derivative instrument, in exchange for fee income commensurate with the risk assumed. This type of derivative is referred to as an “RPA sold.” In addition, in an effort to reduce the credit risk associated with an interest rate swap agreement with a borrower for whom the Corporation has provided a loan structured with a derivative, the Corporation may purchase an RPA from an institution participating in the facility in exchange for a fee commensurate with the risk shared. This type of derivative is referred to as an “RPA purchased.”

Swap Guarantees

The Company entered into agreements withone unrelated financial institution whereby that financial institution entered into interest rate derivative contracts (interest rate swap transactions) directly with clients referred to them by the Company. Under the terms of the agreements, the financial institution has recourse to us for any exposure created under each swap transaction, only in the event that the client defaults on the swap agreement and the agreement is in a paying position to the third-party financial institution. This is a customary arrangement that allows us to provide access to interest rate swap transactions for our clients without creating the swap ourselves. These swap guarantees are accounted for as credit derivatives.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 145 and 154 variable-rate to fixed-rate swap transactions between the third-party financial institutions and the Company's clients, respectively. The initial notional aggregate amount was approximately $0.6 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. At March 31, 2025, the swap transactions remaining maturities ranged from under 1 year to 11 years. At March 31, 2025, none of these client swaps were in a paying position to third parties, with our swap guarantees having a fair value of $5.2 million. At December 31, 2024, none of these client swaps were in a paying position to third parties, with the Company's swap guarantees having a fair value of $5.5 million. For both periods, none of the Company's clients were in default of the swap agreements.

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

The Company has agreements with certain derivative counterparties that contain a provision under which, if it defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company also has agreements with certain derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if it fails to maintain its status as a well-capitalized or adequately capitalized institution, then the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and the Company would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements.

The Company had $0.6 million of derivatives with credit-risk-related contingent features in a net liability position as of March 31, 2025 andnone at December 31, 2024. The Company was not required to post collateral on these derivatives as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

If the Company had breached any of these provisions at March 31, 2025, it could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at the termination value.

Other Derivative Posted Collateral

The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with certain of its derivative counterparties, and has posted collateral of $0.6 million in cash against its obligations under these agreements which meets or exceeds the minimum collateral posting requirements.

  1. SEGMENT INFORMATION

As defined in ASC 280, Segment Reporting (ASC 280), an operating segment is a component of an enterprise that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the enterprise’s chief operating decision maker (CODM) to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. The Company evaluates performance based on pretax net income relative to resources used, and allocate resources based on these results. The accounting policies applicable to the Company's segments are those that apply to its preparation of the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Based on these criteria, the Company has identified three segments: WSFS Bank, Cash Connect®, and Wealth and Trust.

The WSFS Bank segment provides financial products to Commercial and Consumer clients. Commercial and Consumer Banking and other banking business units are operating departments of WSFS Bank. These departments share the same regulators, the same market, many of the same Clients and provide similar products and services through the general infrastructure of the Bank. Accordingly, these departments are not considered discrete segments and are appropriately aggregated in the WSFS Bank segment.

The Company's Cash Connect® segment provides ATM vault cash, smart safe and other cash logistics services through strategic partnerships with several of the largest networks, manufacturers and service providers in the ATM industry. Cash Connect® services non-bank and WSFS-branded ATMs and smart safes nationwide. The balance sheet category Cash in non-owned ATMs includes cash from which fee income is earned through bailment arrangements with clients of Cash Connect®.

The Wealth and Trust segment (previously referred to as the Wealth Management segment) provides a broad array of planning and advisory services, investment management, trust services, and credit and deposit products to individual, corporate, and institutional clients. Bryn Mawr Trust® is our predominant Private Wealth Management brand, providing advisory, investment management and trustee services to institutions, affluent and high-net-worth individuals. Private Wealth Management, which includes Private Banking, serves high-net-worth clients and institutions by providing trustee and advisory services, financial planning, customized investment strategies, brokerage products such as annuities and customized banking services including credit and deposit products tailored to its clientele. Private Wealth Management includes businesses that operate under the bank’s charter, through a third-party broker/dealer, and as a registered investment advisor (RIA). It generates revenue through fee-only arrangements, net interest income and other fee-only services such as estate administration, trust tax planning and custody. Powdermill® is a multi-family office specializing in providing independent solutions to high-net-worth individuals, families and corporate executives through a coordinated, centralized approach.

The Bryn Mawr Trust Company of Delaware provides personal trust and fiduciary services to families and individuals across the U.S. and internationally. WSFS Institutional Services® provides trustee, agency, bankruptcy administration, custodial and commercial domicile services to institutional, corporate clients and special purpose vehicles.

The following table shows segment results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, and represent amounts included in management's reports that are regularly provided to the Company's CODM: Rodger Levenson, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer. The CODM evaluates performance based on pretax net income relative to resources used, and allocates resources based on these results.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)WSFS BankCashConnect®Wealthand TrustTotalWSFS BankCashConnect®Wealthand TrustTotal
Statements of Income
External client revenues:
Interest income$244,877$—$6,001$250,878$256,133$—$5,489$261,622
Interest expense67,933—7,72975,66275,079—11,26586,344
Net interest income176,944—(1,728)175,216181,054—(5,776)175,278
Noninterest income16,69524,53539,66780,89716,22026,35033,28775,857
Total external client revenues193,63924,53537,939256,113197,27426,35027,511251,135
Inter-segment revenues:
Interest income7,53442125,64233,5976,56644028,87135,877
Interest expense26,0633,8973,63733,59729,3113,1293,43735,877
Net interest income(18,529)(3,476)22,005—(22,745)(2,689)25,434—
Noninterest income8,2223982148,8347,2734352077,915
Total inter-segment revenues(10,307)(3,078)22,2198,834(15,472)(2,254)25,6417,915
Total revenue183,33221,45760,158264,947181,80224,09653,152259,050
External client expenses:
Provision for credit losses16,511—83917,35014,820—31815,138
Noninterest expenses:
Salaries, benefits and other compensation63,9372,62115,91982,47752,2952,55413,95775,806
Occupancy expense9,525—3689,8939,213142529,479
Equipment expense10,046—2,68212,7287,814—1,55810,692
Professional fees3,185—1,5134,6982,406—1,7334,481
Other segment items(1)23,45615,8372,70641,99934,90419,3673,00548,614
Total external client expenses126,66018,45824,027169,145121,45221,93520,823164,210
Inter-segment expenses:
Noninterest expenses6121,4456,7778,8346421,4095,8647,915
Total inter-segment expenses6121,4456,7778,8346421,4095,8647,915
Total expenses127,27219,90330,804177,979122,09423,34426,687172,125
Income before taxes$56,060$1,554$29,354$86,968$59,708$752$26,465$86,925
Income tax provision21,10121,202
Consolidated net income65,86765,723
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(29)(38)
Net income attributable to WSFS$65,896$65,761
Supplemental Information
Capital expenditures for the period ended$2,021$42$368$2,431$4,220$—$13$4,233

(1)Other segment items for each reportable segment includes:

WSFS Bank - data processing and operation expense, marketing expense, FDIC expense, loan workout and other credit costs, corporate development expense, restructuring expense, and certain other noninterest expenses.

Cash Connect® - data processing and operation expense, marketing expense, and certain other noninterest expenses, which includes external funding costs.

Wealth and Trust - data processing and operation expense, marketing expense, FDIC expense, loan workout and other credit costs, and certain other noninterest expenses

The following table shows significant components of segment net assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)WSFS BankCashConnect®Wealthand TrustTotalWSFS BankCashConnect®Wealthand TrustTotal
Statements of Financial Condition
Cash and cash equivalents$687,937$299,241$30,116$1,017,294$686,735$424,907$43,176$1,154,818
Goodwill753,586—132,312885,898753,586—132,312885,898
Other segment assets18,169,62410,676465,45818,645,75818,292,20512,536468,84618,773,587
Total segment assets$19,611,147$309,917$627,886$20,548,950$19,732,526$437,443$644,334$20,814,303
  1. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Secondary Market Loan Sales

The Company typically sells newly originated residential mortgage loans in the secondary market to mortgage loan aggregators and, on a more limited basis, to GSEs such as FHLMC, FNMA, and the FHLB. Loans held for sale are reflected on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at fair value with changes in the value reflected in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. Gains and losses are recognized at the time of sale. The Company periodically retains the servicing rights on residential mortgage loans sold which results in monthly service fee income. The mortgage servicing rights are included in Goodwill and intangible assets on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Otherwise, the Company sells loans with servicing released on a nonrecourse basis. Rate-locked loan commitments that the Company intends to sell in the secondary market are accounted for as derivatives under ASC 815.

The Company does not sell loans with recourse, except for standard loan sale contract provisions covering violations of representations and warranties and, under certain circumstances, early payment default by the borrower. These are customary repurchase provisions in the secondary market for residential mortgage loan sales. These provisions may include either an indemnification from loss or the repurchase of the loans. Repurchases and losses have been rare andno provision is made for losses at the time of sale. There wereno repurchases during the three months ended March 31, 2025 andone repurchase for $0.3 million during the same period in 2024.

Unfunded Lending Commitments

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had unfunded lending commitments of $2.8 billion. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the allowance for credit losses of unfunded lending commitments was $12.0 million and $12.5 million, respectively. A provision release of $0.5 million was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to a provision release of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

  1. CHANGE IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

Accumulated other comprehensive loss includes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, as well as unrecognized prior service costs and actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit pension plans. Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented, net of tax, as a component of stockholders’ equity. Amounts that are reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss are recorded on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income either as a gain or loss. Changes to accumulated other comprehensive loss by component are shown, net of taxes, in the following tables for the period indicated:

(Dollars in thousands)Net change ininvestmentsecuritiesavailable-for-saleNet changein investment securitiesheld-to-maturityNetchange indefinedbenefitplanNet change infair value ofderivativesused for cashflow hedgesNet change in equity method investmentsTotal
Balance, December 31, 2024$(537,789)$(76,405)$(3,815)$(7,297)$429$(624,877)
Other comprehensive income (loss)70,037—82,875(636)72,284
Less: Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss—3,188(69)——3,119
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)70,0373,188(61)2,875(636)75,403
Balance, March 31, 2025$(467,752)$(73,217)$(3,876)$(4,422)$(207)$(549,474)
Balance, December 31, 2023$(499,932)$(91,523)$(4,614)$1,597$481$(593,991)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(40,007)—(75)(6,433)(21)(46,536)
Less: Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss—3,669(49)——3,620
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) income(40,007)3,669(124)(6,433)(21)(42,916)
Balance, March 31, 2024$(539,939)$(87,854)$(4,738)$(4,836)$460$(636,907)

The unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income were impacted by components of other comprehensive income (loss) as shown in the tables below:

Three Months Ended March 31, · Affected line item in unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands) · 2025 · 2024
Net unrealized holding losses on securities transferred between available-for-sale and held-to-maturity:
Amortization of net unrealized losses to income during the period4,1954,827Net interest income
Income taxes(1,007)(1,158)Income tax provision
Net of tax3,1883,669
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan-related items:
Prior service credits(19)(19)
Actuarial gains(72)(45)
Total before tax(91)(64)Salaries, benefits and other compensation
Income taxes2215Income tax provision
Net of tax(69)(49)
Total reclassifications$3,119$3,620
  1. LEGAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS

In accordance with the current accounting standards for loss contingencies, the Company establishes reserves for litigation-related matters that arise in the ordinary course of its business activities when it is probable that a loss associated with a claim or proceeding has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Litigation claims and proceedings of all types are subject to many uncertain factors that generally cannot be predicted with assurance. In addition, the Company's defense of litigation claims may result in legal fees, which it expenses as incurred.

On November 16, 2022, Prophet Mortgage Opportunities, LP (Prophet) filed a complaint against WSFS Bank and the RBSHD 2013-1 Trust in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that the Bank, in its capacity as owner trustee and indenture trustee in a Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities (RMBS) trust, was responsible for certain actions directed by the trust’s majority certificate holder, which allegedly diminished the value of the notes and depleted the value of the trust’s assets. The complaint seeks damages in an amount to be proven at trial of not less than $40.0 million. The Bank disputes the factual allegations and denies liability. Based on the inherent uncertainty of this matter, it is reasonably possible that the Bank may incur a loss and has recorded an estimated liability of $1.2 million for this matter. The Bank, in accordance with its normal procedures, has notified its insurance carriers of a possible claim. The Bank is vigorously defending itself in this matter and believes it has valid factual and legal defenses.

On October 3, 2022, Mary Elizabeth Gibbons filed a petition against WSFS Bank, in its individual capacity, in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County for the State of Missouri asserting claims and seeking damages related to an alleged injury that occurred on a property that was allegedly held by the Bank as owner trustee of a RMBS trust. The Plaintiff sought in excess of $25 thousand in damages and other equitable relief. On June 6, 2023, the court entered a default judgment against the Bank in the amount of $15.0 million, plus post-judgment interest. On January 3, 2025, the Bank received notice that the plaintiff seeks to domesticate and execute on the Missouri judgment by filing an action in the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas. Based on the inherent uncertainty of this matter, it is reasonably possible that the Bank may incur a loss in the range of $0.0-$15.0 million. The Bank, in accordance with its normal procedures, notified its insurance carriers of a possible claim. The Bank disputes the judgment, the Bank's connection to the property, and denies liability.

There wereno material changes or additions to other significant pending legal or other proceedings involving the Company other than those arising out of routine operations.

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