NATURES SUNSHINE PRODUCTS INC

(1)Basis of Presentation

We are a natural health and wellness company primarily engaged in the manufacture and sale of nutritional and personal care products. We are a Utah corporation with our principal place of business in Lehi, Utah, and sell our products directly to customers and to a sales force of independent consultants who use the products themselves or resell them to consumers.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of our financial information as of March 31, 2025, and for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The results of operations of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025.

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, in these financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates and those differences could have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations.

The significant accounting estimates inherent in the preparation of our financial statements include estimates associated with our determination of liabilities related to independent consultant incentives, the determination of income tax assets and liabilities, certain other non-income tax and value-added tax contingencies and legal contingencies. In addition, significant estimates form the basis for allowances with respect to inventory valuations. Various assumptions and other factors enter into the determination of these significant estimates. The process of determining significant estimates takes into account historical experience and current and expected economic conditions.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests changed as a result of the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests of $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, noncontrolling interests were $5.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“ FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU provides additional guidance on the improved reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments improve interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment and contain other disclosure requirements. The amendments in this update were effective as of December 15, 2023. The adoption of this ASU did not have a significant impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU provides additional guidance on the disclosure of income taxes on an annual basis and requires all public business entities to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation, provide additional information on reconciling items, additional information about income taxes paid and additional information about income tax expense from continuing operation. The amendments in this update are effective as of December 15, 2024. The adoption of this ASU did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This standard requires disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specific information about certain costs and expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

(2)Inventories

The composition of inventories is as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

(3)Restricted Investment Securities - Trading

Our trading securities portfolio totaled $0.9 million at March 31, 2025, and $0.9 million at December 31, 2024, and generated losses of $37,000 and gains of $62,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(4)Revolving Credit Facility and Other Obligations

On July 11, 2017, we entered into a revolving credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A., with a borrowing limit of $25.0 million (the “Credit Agreement”). On June 23, 2022, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the term to mature on July 1, 2027. On September 11, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to modify the calculation of interest. Interest under the amended Credit Agreement is the greater of SOFR Daily Floating Rate or the Index Floor, plus 1.50 percent (5.92 percent as of March 31, 2025), and an annual commitment fee of 0.25 percent on the unused portion of the commitment. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there wasno outstanding balance under the Credit Agreement.

The Credit Agreement contains customary financial covenants, including financial covenants relating to our solvency and leverage. In addition, the Credit Agreement restricts certain capital expenditures, lease expenditures, other indebtedness, liens on assets, guarantees, loans and advances, dividends, mergers, consolidations and transfers of assets except as permitted in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement is collateralized by our manufacturing facility, accounts receivable, inventories and other assets. As of March 31, 2025, we were in compliance with the debt covenants set forth in the Credit Agreement.

(5)Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per common share (“Basic EPS”), is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share (“Diluted EPS”) reflects the potential dilution that could occur if stock options or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. The computation of Diluted EPS does not assume exercise or conversion of securities that would have an anti-dilutive effect on net income per common share.

Following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of Basic EPS to the numerator and denominator of Diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (dollar and share amounts in thousands, except for per share information):

Potentially dilutive shares excluded from diluted-per-share amounts include performance-based restricted stock units, for which certain metrics have not been achieved. Potentially anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted-per-share amounts include both non-qualified stock options and unearned performance-based options to purchase shares of common stock with exercise prices greater than the weighted-average share price during the period and shares that would be anti-dilutive to the computation of diluted net income per share for each of the periods presented.

(6)Capital Transactions

Dividends

The declaration of future dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon numerous factors, including earnings, financial condition, restrictions imposed by any indebtedness that may be outstanding, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

Share Repurchase Program

On March 10, 2021, we announced a $15.0 million common share repurchase program. On March 8, 2022, we announced an amendment to the share repurchase program allowing the repurchase of an additional $30.0 million in common shares. The repurchases may be made from time to time as market conditions warrant and are subject to regulatory considerations. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we repurchased 38,000 and 105,000 shares of our common stock for $0.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively. At March 31, 2025, the remaining balance available for repurchases under the program was $8.3 million.

Share-Based Compensation

During the year ended December 31, 2012, our shareholders adopted and approved the 2012 Incentive Plan. The 2012 Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards, stock awards and other stock-based awards. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has authority and discretion to determine the type of award, as well as the amount, terms and conditions of each award under the 2012 Incentive Plan, subject to the limitations of the 2012 Incentive Plan. A total of 1,500,000 shares of common stock were originally authorized for the granting of awards under the 2012 Incentive Plan. In 2015, our shareholders approved an amendment to the 2012 Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance by 1,500,000 shares. On May 5, 2021, our shareholders approved the Amended and Restated 2012 Stock Incentive Plan which, among other amendments, increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance by 2,000,000 shares. The number of shares available for awards, as well as the terms of outstanding awards, are subject to adjustment as provided in the 2012 Incentive Plan for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events.

Stock Options

Our outstanding stock options include time-based stock options, which vest over differing periods of time ranging from the date of issuance to up to 48 months from the option grant date, and performance-based stock options, which have already vested upon achieving operating income margins ofsix, eight andten percent as reported in four of five consecutive quarters over the term of the options.

Stock option activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2025, is as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share information):

There wasno share-based compensation expense for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there wasno unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to the grants described above.

At March 31, 2025, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable stock options to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock was $0.3 million. At December 31, 2024, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable options to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock was $0.3 million.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, no shares of common stock were issued upon the exercise of stock options.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we hadno unvested stock options outstanding.

Restricted Stock Units

Our outstanding restricted stock units (“RSUs”) include time-based RSUs, which vest over differing periods of time ranging from 12 months to up to 36 months from the RSU grant date, as well as performance-based RSUs, which vest upon achieving targets relating to adjusted EBITDA growth and/or stock price levels. RSUs granted to members of the Board of Directors contain a restriction period in which the shares are not issued untiltwo years after vesting. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 110,000 and 110,000 vested RSUs, respectively, granted to the Board of Directors with an accompanying restriction period.

Restricted stock unit activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2025, is as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share information):

During the three-month period ended March 31, 2025, we granted 481,000 RSUs under the 2012 Incentive Plan to the Board of Directors, executive officers and other employees, which were comprised of time-based RSUs, adjusted EBITDA and total shareholder return ("TSR") performance-based RSUs. The time-based RSUs were issued with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $14.74 per share and vest in 12 monthly installments over aone-year period from the grant date or in annual installments over athree-year period from the grant date. The adjusted EBITDA performance-based RSUs were issued with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $14.74 per share and vest upon achieving adjusted EBITDA targets and maintaining those targets over a four-quarter period from the grant date. The TSR performance-based RSUs were issued with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $17.44 per share and vest upon achieving TSR targets and maintaining those targets over two- and three-year periods from the grant date.

Share-based compensation expense related to time-based RSUs for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, was approximately $1.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to the grants described above, excluding incentive awards discussed below, was $4.5 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The remaining compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of approximately 0.9 years.

Share-based compensation expense related to performance-based RSUs for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, was $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Should we attain all the metrics related to performance-based RSU grants, we would recognize up to $8.2 million of potential share-based compensation expense. We currently expect to recognize an additional $4.8 million of that potential share-based compensation expense.

The number of shares issued upon vesting of RSUs granted pursuant to our share-based compensation plans is net of the minimum statutory withholding requirements that we pay on behalf of our employees, which was 18,000 and 9,000 shares for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Although shares withheld are not issued, they are treated as common share repurchases for accounting purposes, as they reduce the number of shares that would have been issued upon vesting. These shares do not count against the authorized capacity under the repurchase program described above.

(7)Segment Information

We have four reportable business segments (Asia, Europe, North America and Latin America and Other) based primarily upon the geographic region where each segment operates, as well as the internal organization of our officers and their responsibilities. Each of the geographic segments operate under the Nature’s Sunshine Products and Synergy WorldWide brands and sell similar products grouped into six principal categories: general health, immune, cardiovascular, digestive, personal care and weight management. The Latin America and Other segment includes our wholesale business in which we sell products to various locally-managed entities, independent of the Company, that we have granted distribution rights for the relevant market.

The Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is our president and chief executive officer. The CODM assesses the performance of each segment using operating income. The CODM reviews the performance of each segment using monthly internal reports which provide variance analysis of actual results by segment compared to budget, forecast and prior year. The CODM uses this information when making decisions about the allocation of operating resources to each segment. The CODM does not evaluate reportable segments using asset or liability information.

Reportable business segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, is as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

(1) Service fees in China totaled $2.9 million and $3.1 million for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These service fees are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

The table below reflects sales based upon the sales location where they occurred. From an individual country/region perspective, only the United States, Taiwan and Korea comprise 10 percent or more of consolidated net sales for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Net sales generated by each product line for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

From an individual country perspective, only the United States has material balances of consolidated property, plant and equipment as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

(8)Income Taxes

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, our provision for income taxes, as a percentage of income before income taxes was 31.3 percent and 46.5 percent, respectively, compared with a U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent.

The difference between the effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily attributed to operations in foreign countries which are treated as a branch for US tax purposes and current year foreign losses that presently do not provide future tax benefit, partially offset by adjustments to foreign tax credits and valuation allowances.

The difference between the effective tax rate and the U.S. federal statutory tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was primarily attributed to operations in foreign countries which are treated as a branch for U.S. tax purposes and current year foreign losses that presently do not provide future tax benefit.

The difference between the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to March 31, 2024, was primarily caused by adjustments to foreign tax credits and valuation allowances in the current period.

Our U.S. federal income tax returns for 2021 through 2023 are open to examination for federal tax purposes. We have several foreign tax jurisdictions with open tax years from 2019 through 2024.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had accrued $0.6 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to unrecognized tax positions net of offsetting tax attributes.

Interim income taxes are based on an estimated annualized effective tax rate applied to the respective quarterly periods, adjusted for discrete tax items in the period in which they occur. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, we can make no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be different from that which we have reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material impact on our income tax provision and operating results in the period in which we make such a determination.

(9)Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

We are a party to various legal proceedings and disputes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued liabilities were $0.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively, related to the estimated outcome of these proceedings. In addition, we are a party to other litigation where there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred, but either the losses are not considered to be probable or we cannot at this time estimate the loss, if any; therefore, no provision for losses has been provided. We believe future payments related to these matters could range from $0 to approximately $2.8 million.

Management cannot predict the ultimate outcome of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, or their resulting effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows as litigation and related matters are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings could occur. Were an unfavorable outcome to occur, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows for the period in which the ruling occurs and/or future periods. We maintain product liability, general liability and excess liability insurance coverage. However, insurance may not continue to be available at an acceptable cost to us, such coverage may not be sufficient to cover one or more large claims, or the insurers may successfully disclaim coverage as to a pending or future claim.

Non-Income Tax Contingencies

We have reserved for certain state sales and use tax and foreign non-income tax contingencies based on the likelihood of an obligation in accordance with accounting guidance for probable loss contingencies. Loss contingency provisions are recorded for probable losses at management’s best estimate of a loss, or when a best estimate cannot be made, a minimum loss contingency amount is recorded. We provide provisions for potential payments of tax to various tax authorities for contingencies related to non-income tax matters, including value-added taxes and sales tax. We provide provisions for U.S. state sales taxes in each of the states where we have nexus. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued liabilities were $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, related to non-income tax contingencies. While we believe that the assumptions and estimates used to determine contingent liabilities are reasonable, the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot presently be determined. We believe future payments related to these matters could range from $0 to approximately $2.9 million.

(10)Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that could be received upon the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. A fair value hierarchy is used to prioritize the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values of each financial instrument. Categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is defined into the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

The following table presents our hierarchy for our assets, measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of March 31, 2025 (dollar amounts in thousands):

The following table presents our hierarchy for our assets, measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of December 31, 2024 (dollar amounts in thousands):

Restricted investment securities - trading — Our trading portfolio consists of various marketable securities that are valued using quoted prices in active markets.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024, there were no fair value measurements using significant other observable inputs (Level 2) or significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

The carrying amounts reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of our debt approximates fair value due to its recent acquisition and short maturity. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we did not have any re-measurements of non-financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition.

(11)Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

Net sales include sales of products and shipping and handling charges, net of estimates for product returns and any related sales incentives or rebates based upon historical information and current trends. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring products. All revenue is recognized when we satisfy our performance obligations under the contract. We recognize revenue by transferring the promised products to the customer, with revenue recognized at shipping point, the point in time the customer obtains control of the products. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation and are short term in nature. Contracts with multiple performance obligations are insignificant. Sales taxes and value-added taxes in the United States and foreign jurisdictions that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from net sales. Amounts received for unshipped merchandise are recorded as deferred revenue. Amounts for membership fees are deferred and amortized as revenue over the life of the membership, primarily one year.

A reserve for product returns is recorded based upon historical experience and current trends. We allow independent consultants to return the unused portion of products within ninety days of purchase if they are not satisfied with the product. In some of our markets, the requirements to return products are more restrictive.

Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are reported as a component of net sales.

Volume incentives and other sales incentives or rebates are a significant part of our direct sales marketing program and represent commission payments made to independent consultants. These payments are designed to provide incentives for reaching higher sales levels. The amount of volume incentive expense recognized is determined based upon the amount of qualifying purchases in a given month and recorded as volume incentive expense. Payments to independent consultants for sales incentives or rebates related to their own purchases are recorded as a reduction of revenue. Some payments for sales incentives are processed daily; while others, including rebates, are calculated monthly based upon qualifying sales.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Our products are grouped intosix principal categories: general health, immune, cardiovascular, digestive, personal care and weight management. We have four business segments that are based primarily upon the geographic region where each segment operates. Each of the geographic segments operate under the Nature’s Sunshine Products and Synergy WorldWide® brands. See Note 7, Segment Information, for further information on our reportable segments and presentation of disaggregated revenue by reportable segment and product category.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

We have made the accounting policy election to treat shipping and handling as a fulfillment activity rather than a promised service under Topic 606.