RB GLOBAL INC

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business and Basis of Preparation

Description of Business

RB Global, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”, “RB Global”, "we", "us" or “our”) is a leading, omnichannel marketplace that provides value-added insights, services and transaction solutions for buyers and sellers of commercial assets and vehicles worldwide. The Company has auction sites in 13 countries and a digital platform to serve customers in more than 170 countries across a variety of asset classes, including automotive, commercial transportation, construction, government surplus, lifting and material handling, energy, mining and agriculture.

The Company's marketplace brands include Ritchie Bros., the world's largest auctioneer of commercial assets and vehicles offering online bidding, and IAA, a leading global digital marketplace connecting vehicle buyers and sellers. RB Global's portfolio of brands also includes Rouse Services, which provides a complete end-to-end asset management, data-driven intelligence and performance benchmarking system, SmartEquip, an innovative technology platform that supports customers' management of the equipment lifecycle and integrates parts procurement with both original equipment manufacturers and dealers, and VeriTread, an online marketplace for heavy haul transport.

RB Global, Inc. is a company incorporated in Canada under the Canada Business Corporations Act, whose shares are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”).

Basis of Preparation

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). They include the accounts of RB Global, Inc. and its subsidiaries from their respective dates of formation, acquisition, or control. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Certain information and footnote disclosure required by US GAAP for complete annual financial statements have been omitted and, therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in the Company’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as the Company's most recent annual audited consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and changes in temporary equity and stockholders' equity for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Unless otherwise indicated, all amounts in the following tables are in millions except share and per share amounts.

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which will require enhanced annual disclosures regarding rate reconciliations and income taxes paid information. The amendments are effective for the Company for fiscal year 2025, with early adoption permitted.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which will require enhanced disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"). The amendments are effective for the Company for fiscal year 2024 and for interim periods commencing fiscal year 2025.

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued)

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the above ASU's on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

3. Business Combinations

(a)IAA Acquisition

On March 20, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of IAA, Inc. ("IAA") for a total purchase price of approximately $6.6 billion. The Company acquired IAA to create a leading omnichannel marketplace for vehicle buyers and sellers. IAA stockholders received $12.80 per share in cash and 0.5252 shares of the Company for each share of IAA common stock they owned (the “Exchange Ratio”). As such, the Company paid $1.7 billion in cash consideration and issued 70.3 million shares of its common stock. In addition, the Company repaid $1.2 billion of IAA’s net debt, which included all outstanding borrowings and unpaid fees under IAA’s credit agreement and $500.0 million principal amount of IAA senior notes, at a redemption price equal to 102.75% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. IAA’s outstanding equity awards were also cancelled and exchanged into equivalent outstanding equity awards relating to the Company’s common stock, based on the equity award exchange ratio of 0.763139.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

3. Business Combinations (Continued)

The following table summarizes the final fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired:

Goodwill relates to synergies expected to be achieved from the operations of the combined company, the assembled workforce of IAA, and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. Expected synergies include both increased revenue opportunities and the cost savings from the planned integration of platform infrastructure, facilities, personnel, and systems. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

(b)VeriTread Acquisition

On January 3, 2023, the Company acquired 8,889,766 units of VeriTread, for $25.1 million cash consideration from its existing unitholders and acquired another 1,056,338 units through an investment of $3.0 million cash. As a result, the Company increased its investment in VeriTread to 75% and obtained control of VeriTread pursuant to an amended operating agreement on January 18, 2023. Immediately prior to the acquisition, the Company owned 11% of VeriTread, with an acquisition date fair value of $4.3 million based on the per unit purchase price, and therefore, upon remeasurement of its previously held interest, the Company recorded a gain of $1.4 million in other income, net at acquisition. VeriTread is a transportation technology company that provides an online marketplace solution for open deck transport, connecting shippers and service providers.

Concurrently, the Company entered into a put/call agreement with one of the minority unitholders of VeriTread for its remaining units, another 21% ownership interest. Pursuant to this agreement, the minority unitholder has rights, in certain circumstances, to put or sell its remaining units of VeriTread to the Company, subject to VeriTread achieving certain performance targets at a predetermined value or fair value, depending on the timing and targets achieved. The Company also has the right to call or purchase the remaining units of the minority unitholder upon achievement of certain integration milestones at fair value. Theredeemable non-controlling interest is classified in temporary equity on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheet. On the acquisition date the Company determined that redemption of the redeemable non-controlling interest was probable. An additional non-controlling interest of 4% held in VeriTread is classified within equity as that interest does not contain put/call options.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

The final fair value of identifiable net assets acquired consists of cash and cash equivalents of $3.4 million, trade and other receivables and other current assets of $0.9 million, trade and other liabilities of $1.1 million, and identifiable intangible assets of $14.7 million as summarized in the following table:

3. Business Combinations (Continued)

Goodwill relates to benefits expected from the acquisition of VeriTread’s business, its assembled workforce and associated technical expertise, as well as anticipated synergies from applying VeriTread’s transportation platform, network of transport carriers, equipment database and services to the Company’s customer base. This acquisition is expected to accelerate the Company’s marketplace strategy, which brings services, insights, and transaction solutions together to improve the overall customer experience. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

4. Segment Information

The Company hasone operating and reportable segment which reflects the manner in which the CODM, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, reviews and assesses the performance of the business and allocates resources. The CODM does not evaluate the performance of the Company or allocate resources at any level below the consolidated level or based on the Company's assets or liabilities.

The following table summarizes revenue by geographic area based on the location of the underlying auction activity or rendering of services:

5. Revenue

In the third quarter of 2024, the Company updated its presentation of disaggregated revenue to be consistent with how management currently evaluates its financial and business performance. The prior year disaggregation of revenue amounts have been recast to conform with current period presentation.

Revenue continues to be disaggregated by service revenue and inventory sales revenue. Total service revenue is further disaggregated by customer type, between revenue earned from buyers or sellers who transact in live and online auctions, online marketplaces and private brokerage, as well as by marketplace services revenue; revenue earned from optional value-added services provided to customers. Prior to the third quarter of 2024, the Company disaggregated its revenue by commissions earned from its consignors, buyer fees earned from its buyers in each sale transaction, and presented all other fees earned in the rendering of services, whether related to auctions, online marketplaces, private brokerage or other services, within marketplace services revenue. In the current quarter, the Company has updated its disaggregated revenue presentation, and as a result transactional seller revenue now includes commissions, pre-negotiated or fixed, as well as certain auction related fees earned from sellers to complete the sale of an asset, and transactional buyer revenue includes all auction-related fees or charges earned from buyers to complete the purchase of an asset. Accordingly, certain auction-related fees were reclassified from marketplace services revenue to transactional seller or transactional buyer revenue. These changes were made in order to align with how management categorize revenues for internal management purposes.

5. Revenue (continued)

The following table summarizes the Company's revenue from the rendering of services and the sale of inventory:

Transactional seller revenue includes commissions earned from consignors on the sale of consigned assets, as well as other fees earned from consignors to facilitate the sale of an asset such as towing to our yards, liens search, title processing and online listing and inspection fees.

Transactional buyer revenue includes transaction fees based on a tiered structure earned from the purchasers of consigned assets and inventory, as well as other fees earned from buyers to complete the purchase of an asset, such as title processing, late pick-up, salvage buyer platform registration and other administrative processing charges.

Marketplace services revenue includes fees earned from various optional services provided to buyers, sellers, or other third-parties, such as transportation, buyer towing, refurbishment, financing, parts procurement, data and appraisal, and other ancillary services.

In addition, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately 24% and 22%, respectively, of consolidated revenues were associated with vehicles supplied by the Company's three largest provider customers.

6. Operating Expenses

Acquisition-Related and Integration Costs

Acquisition-related and integration costs consist of operating expenses incurred in connection with business combinations, such as due diligence, advisory, legal, integration, severance, acceleration of share-based payments expense, and share-based continuing employment costs. Integration costs primarily include expenses incurred with third-parties to support integration activities to achieve cost synergies and integration goals relating to recent acquisitions.

The following table summarizes acquisition-related and integration costs by significant acquisition and nature:

Depreciation and Amortization

7. Income Taxes

Income tax expense for interim periods is based upon an estimate of the annual effective tax rate, adjusted for the effects of any significant and infrequent or unusual items required to be recognized discretely within the current interim period. The estimated income tax expense reflects, among other items, management’s best estimate of operating results. It does not include the estimated impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations or unusual and/or infrequent items, which may cause significant variations in the customary relationship between income tax expense and income before income taxes.

The Company's effective tax rate was 25.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 24.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The variance from the statutory federal and provincial tax rate in British Columbia, Canada of 27.0% relates primarily to a higher estimate of income taxed in jurisdictions with lower tax rates.

The Company is routinely subject to tax audits and reviews in various jurisdictions around the world. Tax authorities may challenge the manner in which the Company has filed its tax returns and reported its income.

On February 13, 2023, the Canadian Revenue Agency ("CRA") issued a proposal letter to the Company asserting that one of its Luxembourg subsidiaries, which was in operation from 2010 until 2020, was resident in Canada from 2010 through 2015 and that its worldwide income should be subject to Canadian income taxation. The Company responded to the CRA’s proposal letter on June 12,

7. Income Taxes (continued)

2023 rejecting the assertion regarding Canadian residency. On September 6, 2024, the CRA issued the Company a letter confirming its intention to issue a notice of assessment for the taxation years 2010 through 2015. The Company plans to vigorously defend the notice of assessment as it believes it is and has been in full compliance with Canadian tax laws. As such, the Company plans to file a notice of objection with the CRA at which time the Company will be obligated to deposit at least 50% of the assessed amount to the CRA (which deposit is required by law as part of the CRA's objection process and which would be refunded to the Company in the event that the Company prevailed in its objection or subsequent legal proceedings). In the event that a court of competent jurisdiction makes a final determination that the income of the Luxembourg subsidiary for 2010 through 2015 was subject to Canadian income tax laws, the Company may ultimately be liable for additional total Canadian federal and provincial income tax of approximately $26.0 to $30.0 million, exclusive of interest and penalties, which could be material relative to the size of the tax assessment. If the Company is unsuccessful in appealing the matter, the Company could incur additional income taxes, penalties and interest, which could have a material negative effect on its operations. At September 30, 2024, the Company has not recorded any amounts relating to this matter in the consolidated financial statements because it is the Company’s conclusion that it is more likely than not that the Company’s tax filing position will ultimately be sustained on appeal. During the third quarter of 2024, the CRA has also requested additional information regarding the 2016 to 2020 taxation years.

The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter and the final disposition of any appeals, which could take numerous years to resolve.

8. Earnings Per Share Available to Common Stockholders

The following table details the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

9. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Net Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities

Other Supplemental Cash Flow Information

10. Fair Value Measurement

The following table summarizes the fair values and carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments that are required to be recorded or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis:

The fair value of loans receivable with a maturity date greater than one year are determined by estimating discounted cash flows using market rates. The fair value of the derivative financial assets, which consist of forward currency contracts, are determined using observable inputs, including foreign currency spot exchange rates and forward pricing curves, and considers the credit risk of the Company and its counterparties. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability, which relates to IAA's acquisition of Marisat, Inc. in 2021, is determined using certain unobservable inputs, including the likelihood of the achievement of volume targets. The fair values of the Secured Notes and Unsecured Notes are determined by reference to a quoted market price traded in an over-the-counter

10. Fair Value Measurement (Continued)

broker market. The carrying values of the term loans, before deduction of deferred debt issuance costs, approximate their fair values as the interest rates on the loans are short-term in nature.

11. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into forward currency contracts from time to time to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations recognized by its subsidiaries on certain loans receivable and significant intercompany balances. The unrealized gain (loss) on forward currency contracts recognized within foreign exchange gain (loss) is as follows:

The total gross notional amount of forward currency contracts outstanding as of September 30, 2024 is $47.0 million (December 31, 2023: $33.9 million).

12. Trade and Other Receivables

The Company generally has possession of assets or asset titles collateralizing a significant portion of trade receivables.

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for expected credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Loans Receivable

The Company participates in certain lending arrangements that are fully collateralized and secured by certain equipment, and in some arrangements, also secured by other assets. These arrangements typically have terms ofone tofive years. In an event of default under these agreements, the Company will take possession of the equipment as collateral or will be entitled to the proceeds of disposition of collateral to recover its loans receivable balance. The allowance for credit losses is not significant.

13. Trade and Other Liabilities

Book overdrafts represent outstanding checks and other outstanding disbursements in excess of funds on deposit. Taxes payable includes value added tax and sales tax.

The Company has also estimated and accrued an immaterial liability, recognized in selling, general and administrative expenses and taxes payable, within trade and other liabilities, for the retroactive impact of the digital services tax for the period from January 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024 arising from Canada’s Digital Services Tax Act, enacted on June 28, 2024. Amounts accrued from July 1, 2024 are recorded within costs of services, as the cost is now considered a direct cost of generating revenues. The estimates are based on the Company’s assessment as to which revenue sources are considered in-scope of the new tax. The Company may determine that additional revenue sources are in-scope as it completes its assessment but does not believe that any additional liability would be material to the consolidated financial statements.

14. Debt

1 The weighted average interest rate reflects the rate at the end of the period for the debt outstanding

At September 30, 2024, the Company had unused committed revolving credit facilities aggregating $703.2 million that are available until September 2026, subject to certain covenant restrictions, and unused uncommitted revolving credit facilities aggregating $15.0

14. Debt (continued)

million with no maturity date. The Company was in compliance with all financial and other covenants applicable to the credit facilities at September 30, 2024.

Term Loans

During 2016, the Company entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders (as amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement is comprised of multicurrency revolving facilities (the “Revolving Facilities”) and the Term Loan A facility (the “TLA Facility”). The TLA Facility is comprised of a facility denominated in U.S. dollars (the “USD TLA Facility”) and a facility denominated in Canadian dollars (the “CAD TLA Facility”). The Credit Agreement matures on September 21, 2026.

On March 20, 2023, with the closing of the acquisition of IAA, the USD TLA Facility was funded for $1.8 billion and the existing delayed-draw term facility of CAD $115.9 million was refinanced and converted to the CAD TLA Facility. The TLA Facility loans are subject to quarterly installments of 1.25% of principal, with the balance payable at maturity. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repaid $350.0 million of principal on the USD TLA Facility. As of September 30, 2024, there are no mandatory principal repayments remaining on the USD TLA Facility until maturity of the debt.

Senior Secured and Unsecured Notes

On March 15, 2023, the Company completed the offering of (i) $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.750% senior secured notes due March 15, 2028 (the “Secured Notes”) and (ii) $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.750% senior unsecured notes due March 15, 2031 (the “Unsecured Notes”, and together with the Secured Notes, the “Notes”). The gross proceeds of the Notes were used, along with the TLA Facility, to fund the acquisition of IAA. Interest on the Notes is payable in cash semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, and began on September 15, 2023. The Secured Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior secured basis and the Unsecured Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries.

15. Temporary Equity, Equity and Dividends

Series A Senior Preferred Shares

The Series A Senior Preferred Shares are convertible into common stock and were issued at an initial conversion price of $73.00 per share, which is subject to customary anti-dilution adjustment provisions. The conversion price is $71.58 per share as of September 30, 2024. The Series A Senior Preferred Shares carry an initial 5.5% cumulative dividend, which is payable quarterly, in cash or in shares at the Company's option, and are entitled to participate on an as-converted basis in the Company's regular quarterly common share dividends, subject to a $0.27 per share per quarter floor.

Upon consummation of one or more specified change of control transactions, the holders will have the right to require the Company to repurchase the Series A Senior Preferred Shares in cash provided, however, that each holder, at its option, may elect instead to convert its Series A Senior Preferred Shares into the applicable change of control consideration. In addition, the Company has the right to redeem the Series A Senior Preferred Shares in the event of a change of control transaction where the successor entity is not traded on certain eligible markets. The possible future redemption of the Series A Senior Preferred Shares as a result of a change in control has been assessed as not probable at September 30, 2024.

Holders of the Series A Senior Preferred Shares are entitled to vote together with the common shares on an as-converted basis on all matters permitted by applicable law, subject to certain exceptions to enable compliance with applicable antitrust law.

Redeemable Non-controlling Interest

Redeemable non-controlling interest relates toa put/call agreement with one of the minority unitholders of VeriTread under which the holder can put its remaining 21% interest in VeriTread to the Company if certain performance targets are met. At September 30, 2024 the Company assessed that redemption of the redeemable non-controlling interest remains probable and that there has been no material change to the estimated redemption value.

15. Temporary Equity, Equity and Dividends (continued)

Common Stock Dividends

The following table summarizes the details of common stock dividends declared and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

Subsequent to September 30, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.29 per common share, payable on December 18, 2024 to common stockholders of record on November 27, 2024.

Foreign Currency Translation Reserve

Foreign currency translation adjustment, a component of other comprehensive income (loss) includes the following:

16. Share-based Payments

The following table summarizes the components of share-based payment expense by consolidated income statement classification:

Equity-classified and liability-classified share units

The following table summarizes share unit activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Performance Share Units ("PSUs")

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Company granted PSU's that are equity settled to executives and senior employees, half of which vest based on performance conditions and half of which vest based on market conditions, conditional upon the Company's total shareholder return relative to a peer group. PSU's typically have three year performance and market vesting conditions.

The fair value of PSUs with performance vesting conditions granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were estimated using the closing market price of the Company's common shares listed on the NYSE on the respective grant dates.

16. Share-based Payments (continued)

The fair value of PSUs with market vesting conditions granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model on the respective grant dates incorporating the following significant assumptions, presented on a weighted average basis:

Restricted Share Units ("RSUs")

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Company granted RSUs that are equity settled to employees and members of its Board of Directors which vest based on service conditions. RSUs granted to employees typically vest over athree year service period and RSUs granted to directors vest on the earlier of (i) the one year anniversary of the grant date and (ii) the date of the Company's next annual meeting of shareholders. The issuance of shares related to RSUs granted to directors may be deferred at the holder's election.

The fair value of RSUs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were estimated using the closing market price of the Company's common shares listed on the NYSE on the respective grant dates.

17. Leases

The Company enters into commercial leases for various properties used for auctions or offices, the majority of which are non-cancellable. The Company also has operating leases for computer equipment, motor vehicles and small office equipment. The majority of the Company’s operating leases have a fixed term with a remaining life ofone month to 20 years, with renewal options. The leases have varying contract terms, escalation clauses and renewal options.

The Company also enters into finance lease arrangements for certain vehicles, computer and yard equipment, fixtures, and office furniture. The majority of these leases have a fixed term with a remaining life ofone month tofive years with renewal options.

The following table summarizes the components of lease expense:

18. Contingencies

Legal and Other Claims

On July 31, 2023, Ann Fandozzi informed the Company’s Board of her intention to resign from her position as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer due to a disagreement with the Company regarding her compensation as Chief Executive Officer, as discussed in the Company’s August 2, 2023 press release. The Board accepted her verbal resignation and interpreted her subsequent conduct as affirmation of her resignation. The Company advised Ms. Fandozzi that it was accepting her resignation effective immediately and waiving any written procedural notice requirements under the Employment Agreement by and between Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers (Canada) Ltd. and Ms. Fandozzi, dated December 14, 2019. Ms. Fandozzi disputes that she tendered her resignation. On February 21, 2024, Ms. Fandozzi resigned from the Company’s Board. The matter is currently in arbitration in accordance with the terms of Ms. Fandozzi’s employment agreement.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded an expense of $0.2 million and $3.3 million, respectively, reflecting changes to the estimated fair value of certain share-based payment awards. Any changes to the estimated payment amount to Ms. Fandozzi as a result of the settlement of the matter could be material.

The Company is subject to legal and other claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the results of these claims will have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet or consolidated income statement.

Guarantee Contracts

In the normal course of business, the Company will in certain situations guarantee to a consignor a minimum level of proceeds in connection with the sale at auction of that consignor’s equipment.

At September 30, 2024, there were $71.3 million of assets guaranteed under contract, of which 99% is expected to be sold prior to December 31, 2024, with the remainder to be sold by December 31, 2025 (at December 31, 2023: $67.5 million, of which 70% was expected to be sold prior to the end of March 31, 2024, with the remainder expected to be sold by December 31, 2024).

The outstanding guarantee amounts are undiscounted and before estimated proceeds from sale at auction.