Bowlero Corp
For the period ended Mar 31, 2024. Filed May 6, 2024.
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Mar 31, 2024 · Filed May 6, 2024
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(1)Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies
Bowlero Corp., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries (referred to herein as, the “Company”, “Bowlero”, “we,” “us” and “our”) is one of the world’s premier operators of location-based entertainment.
The Company operates entertainment venues under different brand names. Our AMF and Bowl America branded locations are traditional bowling centers, while the Bowlero and Lucky Strike branded locations offer a more upscale entertainment concept with lounge seating, enhanced food and beverage offerings, and more robust customer service for individuals and group events. Additionally, within the brands, there exists a spectrum where some AMF branded locations are more upscale and some Bowlero branded locations are more traditional. All of our locations, regardless of branding, are managed in a fully integrated and consistent basis since all of our locations are in the same business of operating location-based entertainment.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, these financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. Our quarterly financial data should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 2, 2023.
Principles of Consolidation: The condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes include the accounts of Bowlero Corp. and the subsidiaries it controls. Control is determined based on ownership rights or, when applicable, based on whether the Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. We use the equity method to account for investments in which we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee’s operating and financial policies, or in which we hold a partnership or limited liability company interest in an entity with specific ownership accounts, unless we have virtually no influence over the investee’s operating and financial policies. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the balance sheets, statement of operations and accompanying notes. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, cash flow projections; the fair value of assets and liabilities in acquisitions; derivatives with hedge accounting; share-based compensation; depreciation and impairment of long-lived assets; carrying amount and recoverability analyses of property and equipment, assets held for sale, goodwill and other intangible assets; valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and income tax uncertainties; and reserves for litigation, claims and self-insurance costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Fair-value Estimates: We have various financial instruments included in our financial statements. Financial instruments are carried in our financial statements at either cost or fair value. We estimate fair value of assets and liabilities using the following hierarchy using the highest level possible:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2: Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets, but are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company accepts a range of debit and credit cards, and these transactions are generally transmitted to a bank for reimbursement within 24 hours. The payments due from the banks for these debit and credit card transactions are generally received, or settled, within 24 to 48 hours of the transmission date. The Company considers all debit and credit card transactions that settle in less than seven days to be cash equivalents.
Equity Method Investments: The aggregate carrying amounts of our equity method investments was $25,848 and $1,180 as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, and are included as a component of Other Assets in our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Substantially all of our equity method investments consist of a limited partner interest in a subsidiary of VICI Properties Inc. (“VICI”). Equity method investments are adjusted to recognize (1) our share, based on percentage ownership or other contractual basis, of the investee’s net income or loss after the date of investment, (2) additional contributions made or distributions received, (3) amortization of the recorded investment that exceeds our share of the book value of the investee’s net assets, and (4) impairments resulting from other-than-temporary declines in fair value. Cash distributions received from our equity method investments are considered returns on investment and presented within operating activities in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows to the extent of cumulative equity in net income of the investee. Additional distributions in excess of cumulative equity are considered returns of our investment and are presented as investing activities.
Derivatives: We are exposed to interest rate risk. To manage this risk, we entered into interest rate collar derivative transactions associated with a portion of our outstanding debt. The interest rate collars, which are designated for accounting purposes as cash flow hedges, establish a cap and floor on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). The Company's interest rate collars expire on March 31, 2026.
For financial derivative instruments that are designated as a cash flow hedge for accounting purposes, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the financial derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction, and in the same period or periods during which the forecasted transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the financial derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.
The interest rate collar agreements effectively modified our exposure to interest rate risk by converting a portion of our interest payments on floating rate debt to include a cap and floor, thus reducing the impact of interest rate changes on future interest expense. See Note 8 -Debt for more information.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders: We compute net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock under the two-class method. Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock have equal rights to the earnings of the Company. Our participating securities include the Series A preferred stock that have a non-forfeitable right to dividends in the event that a dividend is paid on common stock, but do not participate in losses, and thus are not included in a two-class method in periods of loss. In periods where the Company reports a net loss, all potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the calculation of the diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as their effect is antidilutive and accordingly, basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders will be the same. Dilutive securities include Series A preferred stock, earnouts, stock options, and restricted stock units (“RSUs”). See Note 15 -Net Income (Loss) Per Share.
Emerging Growth Company Status: The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with those of another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards: We reviewed the accounting pronouncements that became effective for fiscal year 2024 and determined that either they were not applicable, or they did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. We also reviewed the recently issued accounting pronouncements to be adopted in future periods and determined that they are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
(2)Revenue
The following table presents the Company’s revenue disaggregated by major revenue categories:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31,2024 | % of revenues | April 2,2023 | % of revenues | March 31,2024 | % of revenues | April 2,2023 | % of revenues | |
| Major revenue categories: | ||||||||
| Bowling | $165,528 | 49% | $154,960 | 49% | $427,253 | 49% | $401,713 | 49% |
| Food and beverage | 118,032 | 35% | 111,708 | 35% | 304,137 | 35% | 291,388 | 36% |
| Amusement and other | 48,493 | 14% | 42,715 | 14% | 124,277 | 14% | 110,272 | 13% |
| Media | 5,617 | 2% | 6,342 | 2% | 15,079 | 2% | 15,997 | 2% |
| Total revenues | $337,670 | 100% | $315,725 | 100% | $870,746 | 100% | $819,370 | 100% |
(3)Business Acquisitions
Acquisitions: The Company continually evaluates potential acquisitions, which can be either business combinations or asset purchases, that strategically fit within the Company’s existing portfolio of locations as a key part of the Company’s overall growth strategy in order to expand our market share in key geographic areas, and to improve our ability to leverage our fixed costs.
2024 Business Acquisitions: For business combinations, the Company allocates the consideration transferred to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their preliminary estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. We estimate the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed using valuation techniques, such as the income, cost and market approaches. During the nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Lucky Strike Entertainment, LLC (“Lucky Strike”), which includes 14 locations, for a total consideration of $89,936. The Company also hadfour other acquisitions in which we acquired five locations for a total consideration of $48,767. The Company is still in the process of finalizing its valuation analysis. The remaining fair value estimates include working capital, intangibles, property and equipment, and operating and finance lease assets and liabilities. If necessary, for business combinations, we will continue to refine our estimates throughout the permitted measurement period, which may result in corresponding offsets to goodwill. We expect to finalize the valuations as soon as possible, but no later than one year after the acquisition dates.
The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocations for the fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, components of consideration transferred and the transactional related expenses using the acquisition method of accounting:
| Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed | Lucky Strike | Other Acquisitions | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Current assets | $994 | $152 | $1,146 |
| Property and equipment | 40,672 | 17,581 | 58,253 |
| Operating lease ROU | 95,835 | 12,923 | 108,758 |
| Finance lease ROU | 25,303 | — | 25,303 |
| Identifiable intangible assets (1) | 9,895 | 2,170 | 12,065 |
| Goodwill | 48,818 | 29,955 | 78,773 |
| Deferred income tax asset | 2,594 | — | 2,594 |
| Total assets acquired | 224,111 | 62,781 | 286,892 |
| Current liabilities | (3,307) | (1,091) | (4,398) |
| Operating lease liabilities | (107,473) | (12,923) | (120,396) |
| Finance lease liabilities | (23,164) | — | (23,164) |
| Other liabilities | (231) | — | (231) |
| Total liabilities assumed | (134,175) | (14,014) | (148,189) |
| Total fair value, net of cash of $137 | $89,936 | $48,767 | $138,703 |
| Components of consideration transferred | |||
| Cash | $89,936 | $47,873 | $137,809 |
| Holdback (2) | — | 894 | 894 |
| Total | $89,936 | $48,767 | $138,703 |
(1) Of the identifiable intangible assets acquired,$8,360 relates to the indefinite-lived Lucky Strike trade name. The remaining identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of definite-lived trade names, customer relationships, and non-compete agreements and indefinite-lived liquor licenses. See Note 4 -Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets for more information.
(2) The holdback represents a portion of the consideration transferred that is retained or placed in escrow to indemnify the Company for general claims during a certain period subsequent to the acquisition date (the “holdback period”). Holdback funds, to the extent any funds remain, are released to the seller upon expiration of the holdback period.
During the nine months ended March 31, 2024, we acquiredone additional location, which was previously managed by the Company, for $6,065 that did not meet the definition of a business under ASC 805. Therefore, this acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition, using a cost accumulation model. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at cost, which was the consideration transferred to the seller, including direct transaction costs, on the acquisition date. The cost of the acquisition was then allocated to the assets acquired based on their relative fair values. Goodwill was not recognized.
(4)Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill:
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the period ended March 31, 2024:
| Balance as of July 2, 2023 | $753,538 |
|---|---|
| Goodwill resulting from acquisitions during fiscal year 2024 | 78,773 |
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $832,311 |
Intangible Assets:
| March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross carrying amount | Accumulated amortization | Net carrying amount | Gross carrying amount | Accumulated amortization | Net carrying amount | |
| Finite-lived intangible assets: | ||||||
| AMF trade name | $9,900 | $(9,748) | $152 | $9,900 | $(9,253) | $647 |
| Other acquisition trade names | 3,890 | (2,221) | 1,669 | 2,630 | (1,423) | 1,207 |
| Customer relationships | 24,015 | (21,862) | 2,153 | 23,712 | (18,755) | 4,957 |
| Management contracts | 1,800 | (1,754) | 46 | 1,800 | (1,726) | 74 |
| Non-compete agreements | 4,254 | (2,183) | 2,071 | 3,211 | (1,572) | 1,639 |
| PBA member, sponsor & media relationships | 1,400 | (711) | 689 | 1,400 | (627) | 773 |
| Other intangible assets | 921 | (503) | 418 | 921 | (377) | 544 |
| 46,180 | (38,982) | 7,198 | 43,574 | (33,733) | 9,841 | |
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets: | ||||||
| Liquor licenses | 12,437 | — | 12,437 | 11,145 | — | 11,145 |
| PBA trade name | 3,100 | — | 3,100 | 3,100 | — | 3,100 |
| Lucky Strike trade name | 8,360 | — | 8,360 | — | — | — |
| Bowlero trade name | 66,900 | — | 66,900 | 66,900 | — | 66,900 |
| 90,797 | — | 90,797 | 81,145 | — | 81,145 | |
| $136,977 | $(38,982) | $97,995 | $124,719 | $(33,733) | $90,986 | |
The following table shows amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets for each reporting period:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | |
| Amortization expense | $1,774 | $1,959 | $5,315 | $5,403 |
(5)Property and Equipment
As of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, property and equipment consists of:
| March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Land | $101,909 | $98,896 |
| Building and leasehold improvements | 632,613 | 522,846 |
| Equipment, furniture, and fixtures | 551,600 | 472,146 |
| Construction in progress | 44,890 | 43,271 |
| 1,331,012 | 1,137,159 | |
| Accumulated depreciation | (519,364) | (439,309) |
| Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation | $811,648 | $697,850 |
The following table shows depreciation expense related to property and equipment for each reporting period:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | |
| Depreciation expense | $28,758 | $22,319 | $82,389 | $64,583 |
(6)Leases
The Company leases various assets under non-cancellable operating and finance leases. These assets include location-based entertainment venues, office space, vehicles, and equipment.
Most of our leases contain payments for some or all of the following: base rent, contingent rent, common area maintenance, insurance, real-estate taxes, and other operating expenses. Rental payments are subject to escalation depending on future changes in designated indices or based on pre-determined amounts agreed upon at lease inception.
VICI Transaction:
On October 19, 2023, the Company completed a transaction with VICI relating to the transfer of the land and real estate assets of 38 locations for an aggregate value of $432,900. The transaction was structured as a tax-deferred capital contribution with cash proceeds of $408,510 and a $24,390 limited partner interest in a subsidiary of VICI, which is accounted for as an equity method investment.
Simultaneously with the transfer, the Company entered into a triple-net master lease agreement with VICI. The master lease has an initial total annual rent of $31,600, and will escalate at the greater of 2.0% or the consumer price index (CPI) (subject to a 2.5% ceiling). The master lease has an initial term of 25 years, andsix five-year tenant renewal options. Based on an analysis of the economic, market, asset and contractual characteristics of the master lease, the Company determined that allsix renewal options were reasonably assured, and therefore, the lease term for accounting purposes is 55 years.
The Company concluded that the transfer was not a sale for accounting purposes as control of the underlying assets remained with the Company, and therefore, the Company recognized a financing obligation equal to the contribution value of $432,900, net of transaction costs. Consistent with the Company’s other financing obligations, the lease payments will be allocated between principal and interest on the financing obligation.
The following table summarizes the components of the net lease cost for each reporting period:
| Three Months Ended · Nine Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Lease Costs: | Location on Consolidated Statements of Operations | March 31, 2024 | March 31, 2024 |
| Operating Lease Costs: (1) | |||
| Operating lease costs associated with master leases for locations | Primarily cost of revenues | $4,428 | $13,284 |
| Operating lease costs associated with non-master leases for locations | Primarily cost of revenues | 14,027 | 38,121 |
| Percentage rental costs for locations (2) | Primarily cost of revenues | 1,854 | 5,240 |
| Equipment and other operating lease costs (3) | Primarily cost of revenues | 2,048 | 5,912 |
| Total Operating Lease Costs: | 22,357 | 62,557 | |
| Finance Lease Costs: | |||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | Primarily cost of revenues | 4,391 | 12,881 |
| Interest expense | Interest expense, net | 12,462 | 36,950 |
| Total Finance Lease Costs: | 16,853 | 49,831 | |
| Financing Obligation Costs: | |||
| Interest expense | Interest expense, net | 10,022 | 18,266 |
| Total Financing Obligation Costs: | 10,022 | 18,266 | |
| Other Costs, Net: | |||
| Variable occupancy costs (4) | Primarily cost of revenues | 14,751 | 43,909 |
| Gains from modifications to operating leases | Other operating expense | — | (499) |
| Other lease costs (5) | Primarily cost of revenues | 2,011 | 5,532 |
| Sublease income (6) | Revenues | (1,302) | (3,930) |
| Total Other Costs, Net | 15,460 | 45,012 | |
| Total Lease Costs, Net | $64,692 | $175,666 | |
(1)Operating lease costs includes both cash and non-cash expenses for operating leases. The operating lease costs associated with our locations are recognized evenly over the lease term, therefore, the timing of the expense may differ from the timing of actual cash payments. Cash payments and lease costs can differ due to (a) the timing of cash payments relative to the level expense, (b) non-cash adjustments as a result of purchase accounting, and (c) various other non-cash adjustments to lease costs. Please see the table below for cash paid for amounts included within our lease liabilities.
(2)Percentage rental costs for our locations primarily represents leases where we pay an extra rental amount based on a percentage of revenue in excess of predetermined revenue thresholds.
(3)Equipment and other operating lease costs primarily represents operating leases costs for equipment leases, common area maintenance charges, and other variable lease costs for operating leases where the lease payments escalate based on an index or rate.
(4)Variable occupancy costs primarily represents utilities, property insurance, and real estate taxes.
(5)Other lease costs primarily includes short-term lease costs and other variable payments for various equipment leases.
(6)Sublease income primarily represents short-term leases with pro-shops and various retail tenants.
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for the nine months ended March 31, 2024:
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities (1) | |
|---|---|
| Operating leases: | |
| Operating cash flows paid for operating leases | $48,664 |
| Total cash paid for operating lease liabilities | 48,664 |
| Finance leases: | |
| Operating cash flows paid for interest portion of finance leases | 33,804 |
| Financing cash flows paid for principal portion of finance leases | 4,727 |
| Total cash paid for finance lease liabilities | 38,531 |
| Financing Obligations: | |
| Operating cash flows paid for interest portion of financing obligations | 14,627 |
| Financing cash flows paid for principal portion of finance obligations | 19 |
| Total cash paid for financing obligations: | 14,646 |
| Total cash amounts paid that are included in the measurement of lease liabilities: (2) | $101,841 |
(1)This table includes cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of our lease liabilities. Since the lease liability only includes amounts that are contractually fixed, this table excludes cash paid for amounts that are variable in nature, such as utilities, common area maintenance, property insurance, real estate taxes, and percentage rent.
(2)The total cash amounts within the above table include deferred repayments of $3,215 for operating leases and $6,934 for finance leases. As of March 31, 2024, approximately $9,615 in deferred payments are remaining, which will be repaid on a monthly basis through December 31, 2024, and are included within our lease liabilities.
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of March 31, 2024:
| Balance Sheet Location | March 31, 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Operating leases: | ||
| ROU Assets, net | Operating lease ROU assets, net | $561,655 |
| Lease liabilities, Short-term | Operating lease liabilities, ST | 31,163 |
| Lease liabilities, Long-term | Operating lease liabilities, LT | 559,171 |
| Finance leases: | ||
| ROU Assets, net | Finance lease ROU assets, net | 531,985 |
| Lease liabilities, Short-term | Other current liabilities | 3,945 |
| Lease liabilities, Long-term | Finance lease liabilities, LT | 682,153 |
| Financing Obligations: | ||
| Financing obligation, short-term | Other current liabilities | — |
| Financing obligation, long-term | Other long-term liabilities | 438,819 |
Lease incentive receivables from landlords of $13,801 as of March 31, 2024 are reflected as a reduction of the operating and finance lease liability. The Company received $1,910 from landlords for lease incentives on operating leases during the year, which are recorded as operating cash inflows within the change in operating lease liabilities within our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
(7)Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
As of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, accounts payable and accrued expenses consist of:
| March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Accounts Payable | $55,565 | $53,513 |
| Customer deposits | 31,304 | 12,703 |
| Taxes and licenses | 16,123 | 13,076 |
| Deferred revenue | 15,173 | 7,144 |
| Compensation | 14,553 | 14,670 |
| Insurance | 6,848 | 6,168 |
| Utilities | 4,488 | 4,607 |
| Professional fees | 4,243 | 4,307 |
| Interest | 1,389 | 904 |
| Other | 4,124 | 4,134 |
| Total accounts payable and accrued expenses | $153,810 | $121,226 |
(8)Debt
The following table summarizes the Company’s debt structure as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| First Lien Credit Facility Term Loan (Maturing February 8, 2028 and bearing variable rate interest; 8.83% and 8.65% at March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, respectively) | $1,141,375 | $1,150,000 |
| Other Equipment Loans | 13,948 | 14,662 |
| 1,155,323 | 1,164,662 | |
| Less: | ||
| Unamortized financing costs | (14,317) | (16,637) |
| Current portion of unamortized financing costs | 3,307 | 3,123 |
| Current maturities of long-term debt | (12,510) | (12,461) |
| Total long-term debt | $1,131,803 | $1,138,687 |
Term Loan: Under the Company’s First Lien Credit Agreement, as amended (the “First Lien Credit Agreement”), the Company has made term loans consisting of $1,150,000 of aggregate initial principal amount of debt outstanding (the “Term Loan”). The Term Loan matures on February 8, 2028 and is repaid on a quarterly basis in principal payments of $2,875, which began on September 29, 2023. The Term Loan bears interest at a rate per annum equal to the Adjusted Term SOFR plus 3.50%. Interest is due on the last day of the interest period. The interest period, as agreed upon between the Company and its lender, can be eitherone, three, orsix months in length. As of March 31, 2024, the interest period isone month.
Revolver: Under the First Lien Credit Agreement, the Company has access to a senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”). As of March 31, 2024, the Revolver commitment is $235,000. Any outstanding balance on the Revolver is due on December 15, 2026. Interest on borrowings under the Revolver is based on the Adjusted Term SOFR.
First Lien Credit Agreement Covenants: Obligations owed under the First Lien Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority security interest on substantially all assets of Bowlero Corp. and the guarantor subsidiaries. The First Lien Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, investments, asset dispositions, dividends and affirmative and negative covenants. The Company is subject to a financial covenant requiring that the First Lien Leverage Ratio (as defined in the First Lien Credit Agreement) not exceed 6.00:1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter if amounts outstanding on the Revolver exceed an amount equal to 35% of the aggregate Revolver commitment (subject to certain exclusions) at the end of such fiscal quarter. In addition, payment of borrowings under the Revolver may be accelerated if there is an event of default, and Bowlero would no longer be permitted to borrow additional funds under the Revolver while a default or event of default were outstanding.
Letters of Credit: Outstanding standby letters of credit as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023 totaled $15,834 and $10,386, and are guaranteed by JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. The available amount of the Revolver is reduced by the outstanding standby letters of credit.
Other Equipment Loan: On August 19, 2022, the Company entered into an equipment loan agreement for a principal amount of $15,350 with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A.. The loan matures August 19, 2029 and bears a fixed interest rate of 6.24%. The loan is repaid on a monthly basis in fixed payments of $153 plus a final payment at maturity. The loan obligation is secured by a lien on the equipment.
Covenant Compliance: The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of March 31, 2024.
Interest rate collars: The Company entered intotwo interest rate collars effective as of March 31, 2023 for an aggregate notional amount of our Term Loan of $800,000. The collar hedging strategy stabilizes interest rate fluctuations by setting both a floor and a cap. The hedge transactions have a trade and hedge designation date of April 4, 2023. The hedge transactions, each for a notional amount of $400,000, provide for interest rate collars. The interest rate collars establish a floor on SOFR of 0.9429% and 0.9355%, respectively, and a cap on SOFR of 5.50%. The interest rate collars have a maturity date of March 31, 2026.
The fair value of the collar agreements as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023 was an asset of $953 and $4,608, respectively, and is included within other current assets and other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.
Since SOFR was within the collar cap and floor rates, there was no interest impact on the statement of income.
(9)Income Taxes
The Company uses the estimated annual effective tax rate method for calculating its tax provision in interim periods, which represents the Company's best estimate of the effective tax rate expected for the full year. Certain items, including those deemed to be unusual, infrequent or that cannot be reliably estimated (discrete items), are excluded from the estimated annual effective tax rate, and the related tax expense or benefit is reported in the same period as the related item. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 was (10.7)%, which differs from the US federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the change in fair value of the earnout liability, permanent differences, and items associated with the VICI Transaction, which are treated as discrete tax items. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended April 2, 2023 was 2.0% tax benefit and differs from the US federal statutory rate of 21% due to certain non-deductible expenses, changes in the valuation allowance, and state and local taxes.
(10)Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation and Claims: The Company is currently, and from time to time may be, subject to claims and actions arising in the ordinary course of its business, including general liability, fidelity, workers’ compensation, employment claims, and Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) claims. The Company has insurance to cover general liability and workers’ compensation claims and reserves for claims and actions in the ordinary course. The insurance is subject to a self-insured retention. In some actions, plaintiffs request punitive or other damages that may not be covered by insurance.
There is a group of claims that had been filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (the “EEOC”) between 2016 and 2019, generally relating to claims of age discrimination. In 2022, the EEOC issued determinations of probable cause as to the majority of the charges, which the Company vigorously contested. The EEOC also alleged a pattern or practice of age discrimination, which resulted in a determination of probable cause. On April 12, 2024, the EEOC issued Closure Notices for the individual age discrimination charges that had been filed, in most cases, many years ago with the EEOC. The notices provide the claimants, as a matter of course, with an individual right to sue. The vast majority of these claims are time-barred. On May 3, 2024, the EEOC issued an additional Closure Notice for the related pattern and practice directed investigation. The notice states that the EEOC has determined not to bring litigation against the Company.
(11)Earnouts
There were 11,418,357 unvested earnout shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023.
The outstanding unvested earnout shares will vest if the closing share price of Bowlero’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $17.50 per share for any 10 trading days within any consecutive 20 trading day period that occurs from December 15, 2021 through December 15, 2026.
All but 48,588 earnout shares are classified as a liability and changes in the fair value of the earnout shares are recognized in the statement of operations. Those earnout shares not classified as a liability are classified as equity compensation to employees and recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the expected term or upon the contingency being met.
See Note 12 -Fair Value of Financial Instruments for a summary of changes in the estimated fair value of the earnout shares for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024 and April 2, 2023.
(12)Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Debt
The fair value and carrying value of our debt as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023 are as follows:
| March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Carrying value | $1,155,323 | $1,164,662 |
| Fair value | 1,156,749 | 1,158,912 |
The fair value of our debt is estimated based on trading levels of lenders buying and selling their participation levels of funding (Level 2).
There were no transfers in or out of any of the levels of the valuation hierarchy during the nine months ended March 31, 2024 and the fiscal year ended July 2, 2023.
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The Company holds certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The following table is a summary of fair value measurements and hierarchy level as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023:
| March 31, 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |
| Interest rate collars | $— | $953 | $— | $953 |
| Total assets | $— | $953 | $— | $953 |
| Earnout shares | $— | $— | $126,659 | $126,659 |
| Total liabilities | $— | $— | $126,659 | $126,659 |
| July 2, 2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |
| Interest rate collars | $— | $4,608 | $— | $4,608 |
| Total assets | $— | $4,608 | $— | $4,608 |
| Earnout shares | $— | $— | $112,041 | $112,041 |
| Total liabilities | $— | $— | $112,041 | $112,041 |
The fair value of earnout shares was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model (level 3 inputs). The key inputs into the Monte Carlo simulation as of March 31, 2024 were as follows:
| Earnout | |
|---|---|
| Expected term in years | 2.71 |
| Expected volatility | 50% |
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.46% |
| Stock price | $13.70 |
| Dividend yield | 1.61% |
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the estimated fair value of the Company's Level 3 Earnout liability for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024 and April 2, 2023:
| Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | |
| Balance as of beginning of period | $135,478 | $282,557 | $112,040 | $210,952 |
| Issuances | 49 | 19 | 78 | 88 |
| Settlements | — | (184,437) | — | (184,437) |
| Changes in fair value | (8,868) | 87,222 | 14,541 | 158,758 |
| Balance as of end of period | $126,659 | $185,361 | $126,659 | $185,361 |
Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The Company’s significant assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis subsequent to their initial recognition include assets held for sale. We utilize third party brokers for an estimate of value to record the assets held for sale at their fair value less costs to sell. These inputs are classified as Level 2 fair value measurements.
As part of the VICI Transaction, the Company recognized an initial limited partner interest in a subsidiary of VICI equal to its fair value of$24,390. Subsequent adjustments will be accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Other Financial Instruments
Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses. The financial statement carrying amounts of these items approximate the fair value due to their short duration.
(13)Common Stock, Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity
The Company is authorized to issue three classes of stock to be designated, respectively, Class A common stock, Class B common stock (together with Class A common stock, the “Common Stock”) and Series A preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”). The total number of shares of capital stock which the Company shall have authority to issue is 2,400,000,000, divided into the following:
Class A common stock:
Authorized:2,000,000,000 shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023.
Issued and Outstanding:91,413,110 shares (inclusive of 1,589,681 shares contingent on certain stock price thresholds but excluding 31,028,462 shares held in treasury) as of March 31, 2024 and 107,666,301 shares (inclusive of 1,595,930 shares contingent on certain stock price thresholds but excluding 11,312,302 shares held in treasury) as of July 2, 2023.
Class B common stock:
Authorized:200,000,000 shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023.
Issued and Outstanding:58,519,437 and 60,819,437 shares as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, respectively.
Preferred Stock:
Authorized:200,000,000 shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023.
Issued and Outstanding:126,387 and 136,373 shares as of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, respectively.
Series A Preferred Stock
Dividends accumulate on a cumulative basis on a 360-day year commencing from the issue date. The dividend rate is fixed at 5.5% per annum on a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. Payment dates are June 30 and December 31 of each year with a record date of June 15 for the June 30 payment date and December 15 for the December 31 payment date. Declared dividends will be paid in cash if the Company declares the dividend to be paid in cash. If the Company does not pay all or any portion of the dividends that have accumulated as of any payment date, then the dollar amount of the dividends not paid in cash will be added to the liquidation preference and deemed to be declared and paid in-kind. For the nine months ended March 31, 2024, no accumulated dividends were added to the liquidation preference and deemed to be declared and paid in-kind. For the nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company paid a cash dividend in the amount of $29.10 per share of Preferred Stock, in the aggregate amount of$3,969. For the period ended March 31, 2024, dividends in the amount of $1,860 were accumulated on the Preferred Stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024,9,202 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted into 752,497 shares of Class A Common Stock.784 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were settled for cash of $751. All of the repurchased preferred shares were then cancelled in accordance with the Preferred Stock Certificate of Designations.
Stock Dividend
On March 8, 2024 the Company paid a cash dividend in the amount of $0.055 per share of Common Stock outstanding as of February 23, 2024, in the aggregate amount of $8,730.
On May 6, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.055 per share of common stock, which will be paid on June 7, 2024, to stockholders of record on May 24, 2024.
Share Repurchase Program
On February 7, 2022, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program providing for repurchases of up to $200,000 of the Company’s outstanding Class A common stock through February 3, 2024. On each of May 15, 2023, September 6, 2023 and February 2, 2024, the Board of Directors authorized a replenishment of then-remaining balance of the share repurchase program to $200,000, which in aggregate increased the total amount that has been authorized under the share repurchase program to approximately $551,518. On February 2, 2024, the Board of Directors extended the share repurchase program indefinitely. Treasury stock purchases are stated at cost and presented as a reduction of equity on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Repurchases of shares are made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be made from time to time in the open market or by negotiated transactions. The amount and timing of repurchases are based on a variety of factors, including stock price, regulatory limitations, debt agreement limitations, and other market and economic factors. The share repurchase program does not require the Company to repurchase any specific number of shares, and the Company may terminate the repurchase program at any time.
As of March 31, 2024, the remaining balance of the repurchase program was $199,258. For the nine months ended March 31, 2024,19,716,160 shares of Class A common stock were repurchased for a total of $212,294, for an average purchase price per share of $10.77.
(14)Share-Based Compensation
The Company hasthree stock plans: the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (“2017 Plan”), the Bowlero Corp. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”), and the Bowlero Corp. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). These stock incentive plans are designed to attract and retain key personnel by providing them the opportunity to acquire an equity interest in the Company and align the interest of key personnel with those of the Company’s stockholders.
As of March 31, 2024 and July 2, 2023, the total compensation cost not yet recognized is as follows:
| Award Plan | March 31, 2024 | July 2, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stock options | 2021 Plan | $22,295 | $31,032 |
| Service based RSUs | 2021 Plan | 6,722 | 5,743 |
| Market and service based RSUs | 2021 Plan | 702 | 1,351 |
| Earnout RSUs | 2021 Plan | 207 | 300 |
| ESPP | ESPP | 445 | 378 |
| Total unrecognized compensation cost | $30,371 | $38,804 |
Share-based compensation recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2024 and April 2, 2023 is as follows:
| Three Months Ended · Nine Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Award Plan | March 31,2024 | April 2,2023 | March 31,2024 | April 2,2023 | |
| Stock options | 2021 Plan | $2,759 | $2,358 | $5,923 | $7,099 |
| Service based RSUs | 2021 Plan | 1,136 | 1,030 | 2,999 | 3,357 |
| Market and service based RSUs | 2021 Plan | 105 | 200 | 416 | 489 |
| Earnout RSUs | 2021 Plan | 6 | 432 | 41 | 527 |
| ESPP | ESPP | 137 | 187 | 364 | 419 |
| Total share-based compensation expense | $4,143 | $4,207 | $9,743 | $11,891 | |
The Company did not have any recognized income tax benefits, net of valuation allowances, related to our share-based compensation plans.
(15)Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock and Class B common stock is as follows:
| Three Months Ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | |||||
| Class A | Class B | Total | Class A | Class B | Total | |
| Numerator | ||||||
| Net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders | $12,136 | $7,927 | $20,063 | $(23,846) | $(12,628) | $(36,474) |
| Denominator | ||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | 89,583,404 | 58,519,437 | 148,102,841 | 108,331,008 | 57,367,492 | 165,698,500 |
| Net income (loss) per share, basic | $0.14 | $0.14 | $0.14 | $(0.22) | $(0.22) | $(0.22) |
| Three Months Ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 | April 2, 2023 | |||||
| Class A | Class B | Total | Class A | Class B | Total | |
| Numerator | ||||||
| Net income (loss) allocated to stockholders | $12,136 | $7,927 | $20,063 | $(23,846) | $(12,628) | $(36,474) |
| Denominator | ||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | 89,583,404 | 58,519,437 | 148,102,841 | 108,331,008 | 57,367,492 | 165,698,500 |
| Impact of incremental shares | 2,790,839 | 6,981,196 | 9,772,035 | * | * | * |
| Total | 92,374,243 | 65,500,633 | 157,874,876 | 108,331,008 | 57,367,492 | 165,698,500 |
| Net income (loss) per share, diluted | $0.13 | $0.12 | $0.13 | $(0.22) | $(0.22) | $(0.22) |
*The impact of 28,237,567 potentially dilutive Series A preferred stock, service based RSUs, stock options, and purchases of shares under our ESPP were excluded from the diluted per share calculations because they would have been antidilutive.
| Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2024 · April 2, 2023 | ||||||||
| Class A · Class B · Total · Class A · Class B · Total | ||||||||
| Numerator | ||||||||
| Net loss allocated to common stockholders | $(16,955) | $(10,727) | $(27,682) | $(48,618) | $(25,558) | $(74,176) | ||
| Denominator | ||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding | 93,676,667 | 59,269,254 | 152,945,921 | 107,279,561 | 56,396,633 | 163,676,194 | ||
| Net loss per share, basic & diluted | $(0.18) | $(0.18) | $(0.18) | $(0.45) | $(0.45) | $(0.45) | ||
| Anti-dilutive shares excluded from diluted calculation* | 19,510,238 | 26,522,848 | ||||||
*The impact of potentially dilutive Series A preferred stock, service based RSUs, stock options, and purchases of shares under our ESPP were excluded from the diluted per share calculations because they would have been antidilutive.
(16)Supplemental Cash Flow Information
| March 31,2024 | April 2,2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Cash paid during the period for: | ||
| Interest (1) | $127,067 | $69,352 |
| Income taxes, net of refunds | 3,118 | 5,696 |
| Noncash investing and financing transactions: | ||
| Assets obtained in build to suit arrangement | — | 13,390 |
| Capital expenditures in accounts payable | 25,640 | 13,563 |
| Modifications of capital lease assets and liabilities | — | 6,802 |
| Change in fair value of interest rate swap | (3,655) | — |
| Settlement of earnout obligation | — | 184,437 |
| Excise tax | 2,075 | — |
(1)Includes cash paid for the interest portion on finance leases. See Note 6 -Leases for more information
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.