OCWEN FINANCIAL CORP

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended December 31,2023

OR

Commission File No.1-13219

OCWEN FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(561)682-8000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: Not applicable.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yeso No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yeso No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x Noo

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x Noo

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes☐ Nox

Aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity of the registrant held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2023: $217,114,159

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of February 22, 2024:7,684,401 shares

Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of our definitive Proxy Statement with respect to our Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, are incorporated by reference into Part III, Items 10 - 14.

OCWEN FINANCIAL CORPORATION

2023 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this report, including statements regarding our financial position, business strategy and other plans and objectives for our future operations, are forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements may be identified by a reference to a future period or by the use of forward-looking terminology. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “expect”, “believe”, “foresee”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “estimate”, “goal”, “strategy”, “plan”, “target” and “project” or conditional verbs such as “will”, “may”, “should”, “could” or “would” or the negative of these terms, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain. Readers should bear these factors in mind when considering forward-looking statements and should not place undue reliance on such statements. Forward-looking statements involve a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by such statements. In the past, actual results have differed from those suggested by forward-looking statements and this may happen again. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to, the risks discussed under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors and the following:

•the potential for ongoing disruption in the financial markets and in commercial activity generally related to changes in monetary and fiscal policy, United States (U.S.) political developments, geopolitical events and other sources of instability;

•the impacts of inflation, employment disruption, and other financial difficulties facing our borrowers;

•the impact of the recent failures and re-organization of banking institutions and continued uncertainty in the banking industry;

•our ability to timely reduce operating costs or generate offsetting revenue in proportion to the industry-wide decrease in originations activity, and the impact of cost-reduction initiatives on our business, operations, and financial performance;

•our ability to maintain and increase market share in our target markets, including in forward and reverse servicing;

•failure or perceived failure to comply with existing or future laws, regulations, contracts, self-regulatory schemes, standards, and other obligations related to data privacy and security, including any failure to protect customers’ data, could result in disruption to our operations, loss of income, reputational damage, costly litigation and regulatory penalties and otherwise negatively affect our business;

•our reliance on our technology vendors to adequately maintain and support our systems, including our servicing systems, loan originations and financial reporting systems, and uncertainty relating to our ability to transition to alternative vendors, if necessary, without incurring significant cost or disruption to our operations;

•our ability to interpret correctly and comply with current or future liquidity, net worth and other financial and other requirements of regulators, the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (together, the GSEs), and the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), as well as those set forth in our debt and other agreements, including our ability to identify and implement a cost-effective response to Ginnie Mae’s risk-based capital requirements that take effect in late 2024;

•the amount of common stock or senior secured notes that we may repurchase under any future stock or debt repurchase programs, the timing of such repurchases, and the long-term impact, if any, of repurchases on the trading price of our stock or our financial condition;

•the extent to which our mortgage servicing rights (MSR) joint venture with Oaktree Capital Management L.P. and its affiliates (Oaktree), other transactions and our enterprise sales initiatives will generate additional subservicing volume and result in increased profitability;

•our ability, and the ability of MSR Asset Vehicle LLC (MAV), to bid competitively for, and close acquisitions of, MSRs on terms that will enable us to achieve our growth objectives and a favorable return on our investment in MAV;

•uncertainty related to the future of MAV, one of our largest subservicing clients as of December 31, 2023, MAV’s continued ownership of its MSR portfolio after May 3, 2024, and any impact on our servicing revenue and MSR valuation adjustments as a result of the sale of MAV’s MSRs;

•the extent to which our ownership stake in MAV’s holding company may be diluted, resulting in a reduced ability for us to participate in certain routine management decisions;

•uncertainty related to our long-term relationship with Rithm Capital Corp. (Rithm), one of our largest subservicing clients as of December 31, 2023;

•our ability to identify, enter into and close additional strategic transactions, including the ability to obtain regulatory approvals, enter into definitive financing arrangements, and satisfy closing conditions, and the timing for doing so;

•our ability to efficiently integrate the operations and assets of acquired businesses and to retain their employees and customers over time;

•the adequacy of our financial resources, including our sources of liquidity and ability to sell, fund and recover servicing advances, forward and reverse whole loans, future draws on existing reverse loans, and Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) and forward loan buyouts and put-backs;

•uncertainty related to the ability of third party obligors and financing sources to fund servicing advances on a timely basis on loans serviced by us;

•our ability to repay, renew and extend borrowings, borrow additional amounts as and when required, meet our MSR or other asset investment objectives and comply with our debt agreements, including the financial and other covenants contained in them;

•increased servicing costs and reduced or delayed servicing income due to rising borrower delinquency levels , forbearance plans, moratoria on evictions and delays in foreclosure proceedings;

•the characteristics of our servicing portfolio, including prepayment speeds along with delinquency and advance rates;

•our ability to continue to collect certain expedited payment or convenience fees and potential liability for charging such fees;

•an increase in severe weather or natural disaster events resulting in costly disruptions to our operations and increased servicing costs due to property damage;

•our ability to successfully modify delinquent loans, manage foreclosures and maintain and sell foreclosed properties;

•adverse effects on our business related to past, present or future claims, litigation, cease and desist orders and investigations relating to our business practices, including those brought by private parties and state regulators, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), State Attorneys General, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Department of Justice or the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD);

•scrutiny of our compliance with COVID-19-related rules and regulations, including requirements instituted by state governments, the GSEs, Ginnie Mae and regulators;

•the reactions of key counterparties, including lenders, the GSEs and Ginnie Mae, to our regulatory engagements and litigation matters;

•any adverse developments in existing legal proceedings or the initiation of new legal proceedings;

•our ability to efficiently manage our regulatory and contractual compliance obligations and fully comply with all applicable requirements, and the costs of doing so;

•uncertainty related to changes in legislation, regulations, government programs and policies, industry initiatives, best servicing and lending practices, and media scrutiny of our business and industry;

•the extent to which changes in, or in the interpretation of, laws or regulations may require us to modify our business practices and expose us to increased expense and litigation risk, including with respect to the collection of expedited payment, or convenience, fees;

•our ability to comply with our servicing agreements, including our ability to comply with our agreements with the GSEs and Ginnie Mae and maintain our seller/servicer and other statuses with them;

•our servicer and credit ratings as well as other actions from various rating agencies, including the impact of prior or future downgrades of our servicer and credit ratings;

•uncertainty related to the actions of loan owners and guarantors, including mortgage-backed securities investors, the GSEs, Ginnie Mae and trustees regarding loan put-backs, penalties and legal actions;

•uncertainty related to the GSEs substantially curtailing or ceasing to purchase our conforming loan originations or the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) of the HUD, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) ceasing to provide insurance;

•our ability to recruit and retain senior managers and key employees;

•increased compensation and benefits expense as a result of rising inflation and labor market trends;

•uncertainty related to our reserves, valuations, provisions and anticipated realization of assets;

•our ability to effectively manage our exposure to interest rate changes and foreign exchange fluctuations;

•our ability to effectively transform our operations in response to changing business needs, including our ability to do so without unanticipated adverse tax consequences;

•political or economic stability in the foreign countries in which we operate; and

•our ability to maintain positive relationships with our large shareholders and obtain their support for management proposals requiring shareholder approval.

Further information on the risks specific to our business is detailed within this report, including under “Risk Factors.” Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made and we disclaim any obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements whether because of new information, future events or otherwise.