TAKE TWO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Feb 9, 2024.
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Dec 31, 2023 · Filed Feb 9, 2024
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
- BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. (the "Company," "we," "us," or similar pronouns) was incorporated in the state of Delaware in 1993. We are a leading developer, publisher, and marketer of interactive entertainment for consumers around the globe. We develop and publish products principally through Rockstar Games, 2K, Private Division, and Zynga. Our products are designed for console gaming systems, PC, and mobile, including smartphones and tablets. We deliver our products through physical retail, digital download, online platforms, and cloud streaming services.
Acquisition of Zynga
On May 23, 2022, we completed our acquisition of 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Zynga Inc. ("Zynga"), a leading developer of mobile games (the "Zynga Acquisition"). Refer to Note 13 - Acquisitions for additional information.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and, in our opinion, reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Interim results may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. As permitted under U.S. GAAP, interim accounting for certain expenses, including income taxes, is based on full year assumptions when appropriate. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates, which may affect economic conditions in a number of different ways and result in uncertainty and risk.
Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), although we believe that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with our annual Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
Certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting for Income Taxes
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which expands disclosures in an entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and regarding cash taxes paid both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 (April 1, 2025 for the Company). The amendments in this ASU are required to be applied on a prospective basis and retrospective adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this guidance on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.
Accounting for Segment Reporting
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 (April 1, 2024 for the Company). The amendments in this ASU must be applied on a retrospective basis to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this guidance on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.
- REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
Disaggregation of Revenue
Timing of recognition
Net revenue recognized at a point in time is primarily comprised of the portion of revenue from software products that is recognized when the customer takes control of the product (i.e. upon delivery of the software product).
Net revenue recognized over time is primarily comprised of revenue from our software products that include game related services, separate virtual currency transactions, and in-game purchases, which are recognized over an estimated service period. Net revenue recognized over time also includes in-game advertising, which is recognized over a contractual term.
Net revenue by timing of recognition was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net revenue recognized: | ||||
| Over time | $1,096.7 | $1,120.0 | $3,183.1 | $3,043.9 |
| Point in time | 269.6 | 287.8 | 767.1 | 859.8 |
| Total net revenue | $1,366.3 | $1,407.8 | $3,950.2 | $3,903.7 |
Content
Recurrent consumer spending ("RCS") is generated from ongoing consumer engagement and includes revenue from virtual currency, add-on content, in-game purchases, and in-game advertising.
Full game and other revenue primarily includes the initial sale of full game software products, which may include offline and/or significant game related services.
Net revenue by content was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net revenue recognized: | ||||
| Recurrent consumer spending | $1,034.7 | $1,115.4 | $3,103.5 | $3,042.8 |
| Full game and other | 331.6 | 292.4 | 846.7 | 860.9 |
| Total net revenue | $1,366.3 | $1,407.8 | $3,950.2 | $3,903.7 |
Geography
We attribute net revenue to geographic regions based on software product destination. Net revenue by geographic region was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net revenue recognized: | ||||
| United States | $818.3 | $886.8 | $2,417.8 | $2,412.6 |
| International | 548.0 | 521.0 | 1,532.4 | 1,491.1 |
| Total net revenue | $1,366.3 | $1,407.8 | $3,950.2 | $3,903.7 |
Platform
Net revenue by platform was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net revenue recognized: | ||||
| Mobile | $706.7 | $721.2 | $2,032.9 | $1,820.9 |
| Console | 547.6 | 561.4 | 1,598.6 | 1,720.5 |
| PC and other | 112.0 | 125.2 | 318.7 | 362.3 |
| Total net revenue | $1,366.3 | $1,407.8 | $3,950.2 | $3,903.7 |
Distribution Channel
Our products are delivered through digital online services (digital download, online platforms, and cloud streaming) and physical retail and other. Net revenue by distribution channel was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net revenue recognized: | ||||
| Digital online | $1,297.3 | $1,336.7 | $3,777.0 | $3,693.7 |
| Physical retail and other | 69.0 | 71.1 | 173.2 | 210.0 |
| Total net revenue | $1,366.3 | $1,407.8 | $3,950.2 | $3,903.7 |
Deferred Revenue
We record deferred revenue when payments are due or received in advance of the fulfillment of our associated performance obligations. The balance of deferred revenue, including current and non-current balances as of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023 were $1,142.5 and $1,114.3, respectively. For the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the additions to our deferred revenue balance were due primarily to cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying our performance obligations, while the reductions to our deferred revenue balance were due primarily to the recognition of revenue upon fulfillment of our performance obligations, both of which were in the ordinary course of business.
During the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, $153.7 and $115.6, respectively, of revenue was recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the respective period. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, $991.8 and $814.5, respectively, of revenue was recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the respective period. As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of contract revenue allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations is $1,248.5, which includes our deferred revenue balances and amounts to be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. We expect to recognize approximately $1,159.0 of this balance as revenue over the next 12 months, and the remainder thereafter. This balance does not include an estimate for variable consideration arising from sales-based royalty license revenue in excess of the contractual minimum guarantee.
As of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, our contract asset balances were $88.7 and $79.9, respectively.
- MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
In November 2017, we entered into a management agreement (the "2017 Management Agreement") with ZelnickMedia Corporation ("ZelnickMedia") that replaced our previous agreement with ZelnickMedia and pursuant to which ZelnickMedia was to provide financial and management consulting services to the Company through March 31, 2024. The 2017 Management Agreement became effective January 1, 2018. As part of the 2017 Management Agreement, Strauss Zelnick, the President of ZelnickMedia, continued to serve as Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Karl Slatoff, a partner of ZelnickMedia, continued to serve as President of the Company. The 2017 Management Agreement provided for an annual management fee of $3.1 over the term of the agreement and a maximum annual bonus opportunity of $7.4 over the term of the agreement, based on the Company achieving certain performance thresholds.
In May 2022, we entered into a new management agreement (the "2022 Management Agreement") with ZelnickMedia that replaced the 2017 Management Agreement and pursuant to which ZelnickMedia will continue to provide financial and management consulting services to the Company through March 31, 2029. The 2022 Management Agreement became effective on May 23, 2022, when our acquisition of Zynga closed (refer to Note 13 - Acquisitions). On May 21, 2022, ZelnickMedia assigned substantially all of its rights and obligations and other liabilities under the 2022 Management Agreement to ZMC Advisors, L.P. ("ZMC Advisors"). References to "ZMC" herein shall mean either ZelnickMedia or ZMC Advisors, as appropriate. As part of the 2022 Management Agreement, Strauss Zelnick continues to serve as Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Karl Slatoff continues to serve as President of the Company. The 2022 Management Agreement provides for an annual management fee of $3.3 over the term of the agreement and a maximum annual bonus opportunity of $13.2 over the term of the agreement, based on the Company achieving certain performance thresholds. In connection with the 2022 Management Agreement, we have and expect to grant time-based and performance-based restricted units to ZMC.
In consideration for ZMC's services, we recorded consulting expense in General and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations of $(0.7) and $(0.6) during the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $4.5 and $3.3 during the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. We recorded stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock units granted to ZMC, which is also included in General and administrative expenses, of $14.0 and $12.9 during the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $39.1 and $34.4 during the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
In connection with the 2022 Management Agreement and 2017 Management Agreement, we have granted restricted stock units (in thousands) to ZMC as follows:
| Nine Months Ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | |
| Time-based | 97 | 192 |
| Market-based(1) | 295 | 510 |
| Performance-based(1) | ||
| IP | — | 18 |
| RCS | 98 | 153 |
| Total Performance-based | 98 | 171 |
| Total Restricted Stock Units | 490 | 873 |
(1) Represents the maximum of shares eligible to vest
Time-based restricted stock units granted pursuant to the 2022 Management Agreement in fiscal year 2024 will vest on June 1, 2024, June 1, 2025, and June 1, 2026, and those granted in fiscal year 2023, partially vested on June 1, 2023 and will also vest June 1, 2024, and June 1, 2025. Time-based restricted stock units granted in fiscal year 2023 pursuant to the 2017 Management Agreement will vest on April 13, 2024.
Market-based restricted stock units granted pursuant to the 2022 Management Agreement in fiscal year 2024 are eligible to vest on June 1, 2026, and those granted in fiscal year 2023 are eligible to vest on June 1, 2024 and June 1, 2025. Market-based restricted stock units granted in fiscal year 2023 pursuant to the 2017 Management Agreement are eligible to vest on April 13, 2024. Market-based restricted stock units are eligible to vest based on the Company's Total Shareholder Return (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) relative to the Total Shareholder Return (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) of the companies that constitute either the NASDAQ Composite Index under the 2017 Management Agreement or the NASDAQ 100 index under the 2022 Management Agreement (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) as of the grant date measured over atwo-year period orthree-year period, as applicable. To earn the target number of market-based restricted stock units (which represents 50% of the number of the market-based restricted stock units set forth in the table above), the Company must perform at the 50 th percentile, with the maximum number of market-based restricted stock units earned if the Company performs at the 75 th percentile.
Performance-based restricted stock units granted pursuant to the 2022 Management Agreement in fiscal year 2024 are eligible to vest on June 1, 2026, and those granted in fiscal year 2023 are eligible to vest on June 1, 2024 and June 1, 2025. Performance-based restricted stock units granted in fiscal year 2023 pursuant to the 2017 Management Agreement are eligible to vest on April 13, 2024. The performance-based restricted stock units, of which certain are tied to "IP" and "RCS" (as defined in the relevant grant agreement), are eligible to vest based on the Company's achievement of certain performance metrics (as defined in the relevant grant agreement) of either individual product releases of "IP" measured over atwo-year period or "RCS" measured over atwo-year orthree-year period. The target number of performance-based restricted stock units that may be earned pursuant to these grants is equal to 50% of the grant amounts set forth in the above table (the numbers in the table represent the maximum number of performance-based restricted stock units that may be earned). At the end of each reporting period, we assess the probability of each performance metric and upon determination that certain thresholds are probable, we record expense for the unvested portion of the shares of performance-based restricted stock units.
The unvested portions of time-based, market-based and performance-based restricted stock units held by ZMC were 1.3 and 1.1 as of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023,0.2 restricted stock units previously granted to ZMC vested, and 0.0 restricted stock units were forfeited by ZMC.
- FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Recurring fair value measurements
The carrying amounts of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities, approximate fair value because of their short maturities.
We follow a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of "observable inputs" and minimize the use of "unobservable inputs." The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.
The table below segregates all assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (which is measured at least annually) into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date.
| Quoted pricesin activemarkets foridenticalassets(level 1) | Significantotherobservableinputs(level 2) | Significantunobservableinputs(level 3) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assets: | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents: | ||||
| Money market funds | $355.2 | $— | $— | $355.2 |
| Bank-time deposits | 75.2 | — | — | 75.2 |
| Short-term investments: | ||||
| Corporate bonds | — | 2.9 | — | 2.9 |
| Bank-time deposits | 20.6 | — | — | 20.6 |
| Restricted cash and cash equivalents: | ||||
| Money market funds | 182.8 | — | — | 182.8 |
| Bank-time deposits | 0.5 | — | — | 0.5 |
| Restricted cash and cash equivalents, long term: | ||||
| Money market funds | 106.5 | — | — | 106.5 |
| Other assets: | ||||
| Private equity | — | — | 29.2 | 29.2 |
| Total financial assets | $740.8 | $2.9 | $29.2 | $772.9 |
| Liabilities: | ||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities: | ||||
| Foreign currency forward contracts | $— | $0.1 | $— | $0.1 |
| Contingent earn-out consideration | — | — | 12.3 | 12.3 |
| Other-long term liabilities: | ||||
| Contingent earn-out consideration | — | — | 7.6 | 7.6 |
| Short-term debt, net: | ||||
| Convertible notes | — | 23.2 | — | 23.2 |
| Long-term debt, net: | ||||
| Convertible notes | — | 24.1 | — | 24.1 |
| Total financial liabilities | $— | $47.4 | $19.9 | $67.3 |
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (level 1) | Significant other observable inputs (level 2) | Significant unobservable inputs (level 3) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assets: | ||||
| Cash and cash equivalents: | ||||
| Money market funds | $368.0 | $— | $— | $368.0 |
| Bank-time deposits | 145.8 | — | — | 145.8 |
| Short-term investments: | ||||
| Corporate bonds | — | 145.2 | — | 145.2 |
| Bank-time deposits | 41.8 | — | — | 41.8 |
| Restricted cash and cash equivalents: | ||||
| Money market funds | 306.1 | — | — | 306.1 |
| Bank-time deposits | 0.5 | — | — | 0.5 |
| Restricted cash and cash equivalents, long term: | ||||
| Money market funds | 99.6 | — | — | 99.6 |
| Other assets: | ||||
| Private equity | — | — | 26.5 | 26.5 |
| Total financial assets | $961.8 | $145.2 | $26.5 | $1,133.5 |
| Liabilities: | ||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities: | ||||
| Foreign currency forward contracts | $— | $2.5 | $— | $2.5 |
| Contingent earn-out consideration | — | — | 66.6 | 66.6 |
| Other long-term liabilities: | ||||
| Contingent earn-out consideration | — | — | 27.3 | 27.3 |
| Long-term debt, net: | ||||
| Convertible notes | — | 44.1 | — | 44.1 |
| Total financial liabilities | $— | $46.6 | $93.9 | $140.5 |
We did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements, nor did we have any transfers into or out of Level 3 during the nine months ended December 31, 2023.
In connection with the Nordeus acquisition we completed on June 1, 2021, our consideration included a contingent earn-out consideration arrangement that requires us to pay an aggregate of $153.0 in cash if Nordeus achieves certain performance measures over the 12- and 24-month periods following the closing. We recorded $61.1 as the initial fair value of contingent earn-out consideration. The fair value was estimated using a Monte-Carlo simulation model, which included significant unobservable Level 3 inputs, such as projected financial performance over the earn-out period along with estimates for market volatility and the discount rate applicable to potential cash payouts.
During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, we recognized General and administrative expense of $4.5 within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the increase in fair value of the contingent earn-out consideration liability associated with the Nordeus acquisition, which increased the fair value of the contingent consideration liability related to the second earn-out period to $69.5. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, we paid $69.5 related to the second earn-out period.
In connection with our acquisition of Popcore GmbH ("Popcore") we completed on November 16, 2022, our consideration included a contingent earn-out consideration arrangement that requires us to pay an aggregate of $105.0 in cash if Popcore achieves certain performance measures over each of thethree calendar years following the closing. We recorded $23.3 as the initial fair value of contingent earn-out consideration. The fair value was estimated using a Monte-Carlo simulation model, which included significant unobservable Level 3 inputs, such as projected financial performance over the earn-out period along with estimates for market volatility and the discount rate applicable to potential cash payouts.
During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 we recognized General and administrative expense of $(13.1) and $(6.3), respectively, within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the change in fair value of the contingent earn-out consideration liability associated with the Popcore acquisition. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability related to the earn-out period is $19.3, with $12.0 and $7.3 being recorded within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2023. The change resulted from a lower probability of Popcore achieving certain performance measures in all three 12-month periods.
The remaining contingent earn-out consideration liability of $0.4 and $0.2 recorded within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2023 relates to immaterial earn-out arrangements from Zynga's historical acquisitions. For these acquisitions, we estimated the acquisition date fair value of the contingent consideration obligations using a discounted cash flow model.
Nonrecurring fair value measurements
We hold equity investments in certain unconsolidated entities without a readily determinable fair value. These strategic investments represent less than a 20% ownership interest in each of the privately-held affiliates, and we do not maintain significant influence over or control of the entities. We have elected the practical expedient in Topic 321, Investments-Equity Securities, to measure these investments at cost less any impairment, adjusted for observable price changes, if any. Based on these considerations, we estimate that the carrying value of the acquired shares represents the fair value of the investment. At December 31, 2023, and March 31, 2023, we held $8.0 and $8.0, respectively, of such investments in Other assets within our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
See Note 9 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net for intangible related fair value measurements.
- SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Our Short-term investments consisted of the following:
| GrossUnrealized | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost orAmortized Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |
| Short-term investments | ||||
| Bank time deposits | $20.6 | $— | $— | $20.6 |
| Available-for-sale securities: | ||||
| Corporate bonds | 2.9 | — | — | 2.9 |
| Total Short-term investments | $23.5 | $— | $— | $23.5 |
| GrossUnrealized | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost orAmortized Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |
| Short-term investments | ||||
| Bank time deposits | $41.8 | $— | $— | $41.8 |
| Available-for-sale securities: | ||||
| Corporate bonds | 147.2 | — | (2.0) | 145.2 |
| Total Short-term investments | $189.0 | $— | $(2.0) | $187.0 |
The following table summarizes the contracted maturities of our short-term investments at December 31, 2023:
| AmortizedCost | FairValue | |
|---|---|---|
| Short-term investments | ||
| Due in 1 year or less | $23.5 | $23.5 |
| Total Short-term investments | $23.5 | $23.5 |
- DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Our risk management strategy includes the use of derivative financial instruments to reduce the volatility associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates on earnings, cash flows, and certain balance sheet amounts. We do not enter into derivative financial contracts for speculative or trading purposes. We recognize derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and we measure those instruments at fair value. We classify cash flows from derivative transactions as cash flows from operating activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Foreign currency forward contracts
The following table shows the gross notional amounts of foreign currency forward contracts:
| December 31, 2023 | March 31, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Forward contracts to sell foreign currencies | $290.8 | $224.3 |
| Forward contracts to purchase foreign currencies | 48.8 | 51.2 |
For the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded a loss of $8.0 and a loss of $14.1, respectively, and for the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 we recorded a loss of $0.6 and a loss of $16.7, respectively, related to foreign currency forward contracts in Interest and other, net on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our foreign currency exchange forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments under hedge accounting and are used to reduce the impact of foreign currency on certain balance sheet exposures. These instruments are generally short term in nature, with typical maturities of less than one year, and are subject to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.
- SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND LICENSES
Details of our capitalized software development costs and licenses were as follows:
| December 31, 2023 | March 31, 2023 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | |
| Software development costs, internally developed | $51.1 | $1,154.6 | $47.4 | $882.0 |
| Software development costs, externally developed | 0.2 | 251.6 | 2.2 | 169.7 |
| Licenses | 18.6 | 38.1 | 16.3 | 20.5 |
| Software development costs and licenses | $69.9 | $1,444.3 | $65.9 | $1,072.2 |
During the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $0.0 and $1.7, respectively, of software development impairment charges (a component of Cost of revenue). The impairment charges recorded during the three months ended December 31, 2022 related to decisions not to proceed with further development of certain interactive entertainment software.
During the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $21.7 and $25.0, respectively, of software development impairment charges (a component of Cost of revenue). The impairment charges recorded during the nine months ended December 31, 2023 related to unamortized capitalized costs for the development of certain titles that were anticipated to exceed the net realizable value of the respective assets at the time they were impaired. The impairment charges recorded during the nine months ended December 31, 2022 related to (i) a decision not to proceed with further development of certain interactive entertainment software and (ii) recognizing unamortized capitalized costs for the development of a title, which were anticipated to exceed the net realizable value of the asset at the time they were impaired.
- ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:
| December 31, 2023 | March 31, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Software development royalties | $324.9 | $510.7 |
| Compensation and benefits | 275.1 | 177.5 |
| Marketing and promotions | 114.6 | 132.7 |
| Licenses | 77.2 | 63.0 |
| Tax payable | 51.7 | 33.0 |
| Refund liability | 50.1 | 52.4 |
| Interest payable | 28.7 | 29.6 |
| Sales tax liability | 26.7 | 14.0 |
| Deferred acquisition payments | 17.3 | 82.7 |
| Other | 55.9 | 130.1 |
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $1,022.2 | $1,225.7 |
- DEBT
The components of Long-term debt, net on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet were as follows:
| Annual Interest Rate | Maturity Date | December 31, 2023 | Fair Value (Level 2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 Notes | 3.55% | April 14, 2025 | $600.0 | $587.7 |
| 2026 Notes | 5.00% | March 28, 2026 | 500.0 | 502.6 |
| 2027 Notes | 3.70% | April 14, 2027 | 600.0 | 581.9 |
| 2028 Notes | 4.95% | March 28, 2028 | 500.0 | 504.3 |
| 2032 Notes | 4.00% | April 14, 2032 | 500.0 | 476.2 |
| 2026 Convertible Notes | 0.00% | December 15, 2026 | 24.1 | 24.1 |
| Total | $2,724.1 | $2,676.8 | ||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs | (15.9) | |||
| Long-term debt, net | $2,708.2 | |||
| Annual Interest Rate | Maturity Date | March 31, 2023 | Fair Value (Level 2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 Notes | 3.55% | April 14, 2025 | $600.0 | $583.8 |
| 2027 Notes | 3.70% | April 14, 2027 | 600.0 | 580.9 |
| 2032 Notes | 4.00% | April 14, 2032 | 500.0 | 460.6 |
| 2024 Convertible Notes | 0.25% | June 1, 2024 | 20.8 | 20.8 |
| 2026 Convertible Notes | 0.00% | December 15, 2026 | 23.3 | 23.3 |
| Total | $1,744.1 | $1,669.4 | ||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs | (11.1) | |||
| Long-term debt, net | $1,733.0 | |||
The components of Short-term debt, net on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet were as follows:
| Annual Interest Rate | Maturity Date | December 31, 2023 | Fair Value (Level 2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Notes | 3.30% | March 28, 2024 | $350.0 | $347.9 |
| 2024 Convertible Notes | 0.25% | June 1, 2024 | 23.2 | 23.2 |
| Total | $373.2 | $371.1 | ||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs | — | |||
| Short-term debt, net | $373.2 | |||
| Annual Interest Rate | Maturity Date | March 31, 2023 | Fair Value (Level 2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Notes | 3.30% | March 28, 2024 | $1,000.0 | $978.2 |
| Term Loan | 3.60% | June 21, 2023 | 350.0 | 350.0 |
| Total | $1,350.0 | $1,328.2 | ||
| Unamortized discount and issuance costs | (3.2) | |||
| Short-term debt, net | $1,346.8 | |||
Interest expense as it relates to our debt is recorded within Interest and other, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and was as follows:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| 2024 Notes | $2.8 | $8.3 | $12.2 | $23.3 |
| 2025 Notes | 5.3 | 5.3 | 16.0 | 15.1 |
| 2026 Notes | 6.2 | — | 17.8 | — |
| 2027 Notes | 5.6 | 5.6 | 16.7 | 15.8 |
| 2028 Notes | 6.2 | — | 17.7 | — |
| 2032 Notes | 5.0 | 5.0 | 15.0 | 14.2 |
| Term Loan | — | 2.9 | 1.5 | 6.4 |
| 2022 Credit Agreement | — | 2.4 | — | 4.1 |
| Total | $31.1 | $29.5 | $96.9 | $78.9 |
The following table outlines the aggregate amount of maturities of our borrowings, as of December 31, 2023:
| Fiscal Year Ending March 31, | Maturities |
|---|---|
| 2024 (remaining) | $350.0 |
| 2025 | 21.4 |
| 2026 | 1,100.0 |
| 2027 | 29.4 |
| 2028 | 1,100.0 |
| Thereafter | 500.0 |
| Total | 3,100.8 |
| Fair value adjustments | (3.5) |
| Total face value | $3,097.3 |
Senior Notes
On April 14, 2023, we completed our offering and sale of $1,000.0 aggregate principal amount of our senior notes, consisting of $500.0 principal amount of our 5.000% Senior Notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes") and $500.0 principal amount of our 4.950% Senior Notes due 2028 ("the 2028 Notes").
On April 14, 2022, we completed our offering and sale of $2,700.0 aggregate principal amount of our senior notes, consisting of $1,000.0 principal amount of our 3.300% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Notes”), $600.0 principal amount of our 3.550% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”), $600.0 principal amount of our 3.700% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”), and $500.0 principal amount of our 4.000% Senior Notes due 2032 (the “2032 Notes” and together with the 2024 Notes, 2025 Notes, 2026 Notes, 2027 Notes, and 2028 Notes, the "Senior Notes").
The Senior Notes were issued under an indenture, dated as of April 14, 2022 (the “Base Indenture”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the “Trustee”) and (i) a first supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2024 Notes, (ii) a second supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2025 Notes, (iii) a third supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2027 Notes, (iv) a fourth supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2032 Notes, (v) a fifth supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2026 Notes, and (vi) a sixth supplemental indenture, with respect to the 2028 Notes (collectively, the “Supplemental Indentures” and together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”), between the Company and the Trustee.
The Senior Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with all of our other existing and future unsubordinated obligations. We will pay interest on the 2024 Notes, 2026 Notes, and 2028 Notes semi-annually on March 28 and September 28 of each year, commencing September 28, 2022 for the 2024 Notes and September 28, 2023 for the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes. We will pay interest on each of the 2025 Notes, 2027 Notes, and 2032 Notes semi-annually on April 14 and October 14 of each year, commencing October 14, 2022. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, we made interest payments of $95.9. The proceeds from the issuances of the Senior Notes were used to finance a portion of our acquisition of Zynga and repay certain of our debt.
The Senior Notes are not entitled to any sinking fund payments. We may redeem each series of the Senior Notes at any time in whole or from time to time in part at the applicable redemption prices set forth in each Supplemental Indenture. Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in each of the Supplemental Indentures) with respect to a series of the Senior Notes, each holder of the Senior Notes of such series will have the right to require the Company to purchase that holder’s Notes of such series at a price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of repurchase, unless the Company has exercised its option to redeem all the Senior Notes.
In the case of an event of default arising from certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency with respect to the Company, all outstanding Senior Notes will become due and payable immediately. If any other event of default specified in the Indenture occurs and is continuing with respect to any series of the Senior Notes, the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of that series of the outstanding Notes may declare the principal of such series of Senior Notes immediately due and payable.
The Indenture contains certain limitations on the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to grant liens without equally securing the Senior Notes, or to enter into certain sale and lease-back transactions. These covenants are subject to a number of important exceptions and limitations, as further provided in the Indenture.
Debt issuance costs of $26.6 and original issuance discount of $1.9 were incurred in connection with the Senior Notes. These debt issuance costs and original issuance discount are included as a reduction of the debt within Long-term debt, net on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and will be amortized into Interest and other, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations over the contractual term of the Senior Notes. During the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $1.2 and $1.4, respectively, of amortization of debt issuance costs and $0.1 and $0.1, respectively, of amortization of the original issuance discount. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $4.8 and $4.0, respectively, of amortization of debt issuance costs and $0.3 and $0.3, respectively, of amortization of the original issuance discount.
On June 5, 2023, pursuant to a tender offer, we purchased and retired $650.0 in aggregate principal amount of our 2024 Notes, resulting in a remaining principal amount of $350.0 recorded within Short-term debt, net on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, we recognized a debt extinguishment gain of approximately $7.7, net of unamortized debt discount and debt issuance costs recorded within Interest and other, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. The purchase of a portion of our 2024 Notes was funded with proceeds received from the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes.
Credit Agreement
On May 23, 2022, we entered into a new unsecured Credit Agreement (the "2022 Credit Agreement"), which replaced in its entirety the Company's prior Credit Agreement, dated as of February 8, 2019, which was paid off in full and terminated. The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for an unsecured five-year revolving credit facility with commitments of $500.0, including sublimits for (i) the issuance of letters of credit in an aggregate face amount of up to $100.0 and (ii) borrowings and letters of credit denominated in Pounds Sterling, Euros, and Canadian Dollars in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0. In addition, the 2022 Credit Agreement contains uncommitted incremental capacity permitting the incurrence of up to an additional amount not to exceed the greater of $250.0 and 35.0% of the Company's Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement).
Loans under the 2022 Credit Agreement will bear interest at a rate of (a)0.000% to 0.625% above an alternate base rate (8.50% at December 31, 2023) or (b)1.000% to 1.625% above Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), approximately 5.35% at December 31, 2023, which rates are determined by the Company's credit rating.
The 2022 Credit Agreement also includes, among other terms and conditions, a maximum leverage ratio covenant, as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including covenants that limit or restrict the Company and its subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things, incur subsidiary indebtedness, grant liens, and dispose of all or substantially all assets, in each case subject to certain exceptions and baskets. In addition, the 2022 Credit Agreement provides for events of default customary for a credit facility of this size and type, including, among others, non-payment of principal and interest when due thereunder, breaches of representations and warranties, noncompliance with covenants, acts of insolvency, cross-defaults to material indebtedness, and material judgment defaults (subject to certain limitations and cure periods).
Upon execution of the 2022 Credit Agreement, we incurred $3.5 of debt issuance costs that were capitalized within Other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over thefive-year term of the 2022 Credit Agreement, with the expense recorded within Interest and other, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, we amortized $0.2 and $0.2, respectively, and during the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 we amortized $0.5 and $0.5, respectively, of these debt issuance costs.
As of December 31, 2023, there wereno borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement, and we had approximately $499.5 available for additional borrowings.
Information related to availability on our 2022 Credit Agreement for each period was as follows:
| December 31, 2023 | March 31, 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Available borrowings | $499.5 | $499.5 |
| Outstanding letters of credit | 2.8 | 2.8 |
Term Loan
On June 22, 2022, we entered into an unsecured 364-Day Term Loan Credit Agreement ("Term Loan"). The Term Loan provided for an unsecured 364-day term loan credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of $350.0, maturing on June 21, 2023. We fully drew down on the Term Loan on June 22, 2022 at approximately 3.60%. The proceeds were used to finance a portion of the repurchase of the Convertible Notes (see below). A portion of the proceeds from the April 14, 2023 issuance of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes were used to fully repay the Term Loan on April 27, 2023.
Convertible Notes
In conjunction with the acquisition of Zynga on May 23, 2022 (refer to Note 13 - Acquisitions), we entered into (a) the First Supplemental Indenture (the “2024 Supplemental Indenture”) to the Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2019 (the “2024 Indenture”), between Zynga and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. (as successor to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association) (the “Convertible Notes Trustee”), relating to Zynga’s 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (the “2024 Convertible Notes”), and (b) the First Supplemental Indenture (the “2026 Supplemental Indenture” and, together with the 2024 Supplemental Indenture, the “Supplemental Indentures”) to the Indenture, dated as of December 17, 2020 (the “2026 Indenture” and, together with the 2024 Indenture, the “Indentures”), between Zynga and the Convertible Notes Trustee, relating to Zynga’s 0.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Convertible Notes” and, together with the 2024 Convertible Notes, the “Convertible Notes”). As of the closing date of the acquisition, approximately $690.0 aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes was outstanding and approximately $874.5 aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes was outstanding.
Following the acquisition and according to the Supplemental Indentures, we assumed all of Zynga’s rights and obligations under the Indentures, and the Company guaranteed the payment and other obligations of Zynga under the Convertible Notes. As a result of our acquisition of Zynga, the right to convert each one thousand dollar principal amount of such Convertible Notes into shares of Zynga common stock was changed into a right to convert such principal amount of such Convertible Notes into the number of units of Reference Property equal to the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the closing, in each case pursuant to the terms and procedures set forth in the applicable Indenture. A unit of Reference Property is defined in each Indenture as 0.0406 shares of Take-Two common stock and $3.50 in cash, without interest, plus cash in lieu of any fractional shares of Take-Two common stock.
The 2024 Convertible Notes and 2026 Convertible Notes mature on June 1, 2024, and December 15, 2026, respectively, unless earlier converted, redeemed, or repurchased in accordance with their terms, respectively, prior to the maturity date. Interest is payable semiannually on the 2024 Convertible Notes in arrears on March 1 and September 1 of each year. The 2026 Convertible Notes do not bear regular interest, and the principal amount does not accrete.
The acquisition of Zynga constituted a Fundamental Change, a Make-Whole Fundamental Change, and a Share Exchange Event (each as defined in the Indentures) under the Indentures. The effective date of the Fundamental Change, Make-Whole Fundamental Change and Share Exchange Event in respect of the Convertible Notes was May 23, 2022, and the related tender and conversion periods expired on June 22, 2022. As a result, each holder of Convertible Notes had the right to tender its Convertible Notes to the Company for cash or surrender its Convertible Notes for conversion into the Reference Property at the applicable conversion rate, in each case pursuant to the terms and procedures set forth in the applicable Indenture.
As of the expiration of the Fundamental Change, Make-Whole Fundamental Change, and Share Exchange Event, (a) $0.3 aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes and (b) $845.1 aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes were tendered for cash. In addition, (a) $668.3 aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes, and (b)no 2026 Convertible Notes were surrendered for conversion into the applicable Reference Property. In total, we paid $321.6 for the tendered or converted 2024 Convertible Notes, including interest, and $845.1 for the tendered 2026 Convertible Notes in cash, and we issued 3.7 shares of our common stock upon the conversion of the 2024 Convertible Notes. After settlement of all Convertible Notes tendered or surrendered for conversion, $21.4 aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes remained outstanding and $29.4 aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes remained outstanding at December 31, 2023.
The 2024 Convertible Notes and 2026 Convertible Notes constitute senior unsecured indebtedness of Zynga, ranking pari passu with all of our other existing and future senior unsecured unsubordinated obligations of Zynga. As a result, the 2024 Convertible Notes and 2026 Convertible Notes are structurally senior to the indebtedness of the Company as to Zynga, its subsidiaries, and their respective assets. As noted above, the Company also guaranteed the payment and other obligations of Zynga under the Convertible Notes. The Company's guarantees of the 2024 Convertible Notes and 2026 Convertible Notes are the Company's senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with all of the Company's other existing and future senior unsecured unsubordinated obligations.
Under the terms of the applicable Indentures, prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2024 with respect to the 2024 Convertible Notes and September 15, 2026 with respect to the 2026 Convertible Notes, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:
during any calendar quarter, if the value of a unit of Reference Property (based on the last reported sales price of our common stock), for at least 20 trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price of the applicable series of the 2024 Convertible Notes or 2026 Convertible Notes, respectively, on each applicable trading day;
during thefive business-day period after anyfive consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price per one thousand dollar principal amount of each applicable series of the 2024 Convertible Notes or 2026 Convertible Notes for such trading day was less than 98% of the product of the value of a unit of Reference Property (based on the last reported sale price of our common stock) and the conversion rate of the applicable series of the 2024 Convertible Notes or 2026 Convertible Notes, respectively, on each such trading day;
if we call the 2024 Convertible Notes or 2026 Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the respective redemption date; or
upon the occurrence of specified corporate events described in the respective Indentures.
Upon any conversion, holders will receive either cash or a combination of cash and shares of Take-Two common stock, at our election. As of December 31, 2023, the conditions allowing holders of the Convertible Notes to convert their respective series of the Convertible Notes have not been met, and, therefore, both the Convertible Notes are not yet convertible.
We have elected to account for these Convertible Notes, which are considered derivatives, using the fair value option (Level 2) under ASC 825, as the Convertible Notes were initially recognized at fair value under the acquisition method of accounting in connection with the Zynga Acquisition (refer to Note 13 - Acquisitions) and we do not expect significant fluctuations in fair value through maturity. We initially recorded $778.6 as the acquisition date fair value for the 2024 Convertible Notes and $874.5 for the 2026 Convertible Notes. The fair value was determined as the expected cash payment and value of shares to be issued to settle the Convertible Notes. As of December 31, 2023, we recorded $23.2 as the fair value of the remaining outstanding 2024 Convertible Notes, within Short-term debt, net, and $24.1 as the fair value of the remaining outstanding 2026 Convertible Notes, within Long-term debt, net, in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized a gain of $0.0 and a gain of $1.5, respectively, and during the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recognized a loss of $3.2 and a loss of $44.8, respectively, within (Loss) gain on fair value adjustments, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
- LOSS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share:
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Computation of Basic and diluted loss per share: | ||||
| Net loss | $(91.6) | $(153.4) | $(841.2) | $(514.4) |
| Weighted average shares outstanding—basic | 170.3 | 168.0 | 169.9 | 157.2 |
| Basic and diluted loss per share | $(0.54) | $(0.91) | $(4.95) | $(3.27) |
We incurred a net loss for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022; therefore, the diluted weighted average shares outstanding excludes the effect of unvested common stock equivalents because their effect would be antidilutive. For the three months ended December 31, 2023, we had 2.2 potentially dilutive shares from share-based awards and 0.2 of shares from Convertible Notes that are excluded due to the net loss for the period. For the nine months ended December 31, 2023, we had 2.2 potentially dilutive shares from share-based awards and 0.2 of shares from Convertible Notes that are excluded due to the net loss for the period.
During the nine months ended December 31, 2023,1.8 restricted stock awards vested, we granted 2.3 unvested restricted stock awards, and 0.5 unvested restricted stock awards were forfeited.
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.