MOSAIC CO

16. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Following is a summary of the valuation techniques for assets and liabilities recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value on a recurring basis:

Foreign Currency Derivatives–The foreign currency derivative instruments that we currently use are forward contracts and zero-cost collars, which typically expire within 18 months. Most of the valuations are adjusted by a forward yield curve or interest rates. In such cases, these derivative contracts are classified within Level 2. Some valuations are based on exchange-quoted prices, which are classified as Level 1. As of December 31, 2024, our foreign currency contracts were Level 2. Changes in the fair market values of these contracts are recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements as a component

F- 64 of cost of goods sold in our Corporate, Eliminations and Other segment or foreign currency transaction gain (loss). As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the gross asset position of our foreign currency derivative instruments was $3.1 million and $36.4 million, respectively, and the gross liability position of our foreign currency derivative instruments was $86.1 million and $8.0 million, respectively and is included in Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Commodity Derivatives–The commodity contracts primarily relate to natural gas. The commodity derivative instruments that we currently use are forward purchase contracts, swaps and three-way collars. The natural gas contracts settle using NYMEX futures or AECO price indexes, which represent fair value at any given time. The contracts’ maturities and settlements are scheduled for future months and settlements are scheduled to coincide with anticipated gas purchases during those future periods. Quoted market prices from NYMEX and AECO are used to determine the fair value of these instruments. These market prices are adjusted by a forward yield curve and are classified within Level 2. Changes in the fair market values of these contracts are recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements as a component of cost of goods sold in our Corporate, Eliminations and Other segment. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the gross asset position of our commodity derivative instruments waszero, and the gross liability position of our commodity derivative instruments was $1.7 million and $9.2 million, respectively.

Interest Rate Derivatives–We manage interest expense through interest rate contracts to convert a portion of our fixed-rate debt into floating-rate debt. From time to time, we also enter into interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to changes in future interest rates related to anticipated debt issuances. Valuations are based on external pricing sources and are classified as Level 2. Changes in the fair market values of these contracts are recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements as a component of interest expense. We did not hold any interest rate derivative positions as of December 31, 2024 or 2023.

Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our financial instruments are as follows:

For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, net, accounts payable, structured accounts payable arrangements and short-term debt, the carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of those instruments. Equity securities represent our Ma’aden shares and are carried at fair value based on the unadjusted quoted price on the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul), which results in a Level 1 classification. For more information on the Ma’aden shares, see Note 9 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Included in long-term debt is floating rate debt of $570 million. Our floating rate debt is non-public and bears a variable SOFR based rate and consists of our borrowings under our term loan facility. The fair value of our floating rate debt approximates the carrying value and is estimated based on market-based inputs including interest rates and credit spreads, which results in a Level 2 classification. The fair value of fixed rate long-term debt, including the current portion, is estimated using quoted market prices for the publicly registered notes and debentures, classified as Level 1 and Level 2, respectively, within the fair value hierarchy, depending on the market liquidity of the debt. For information regarding the fair value of our marketable securities held in trusts, see Note 12 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

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17. GUARANTEES AND INDEMNITIES

We enter into various contracts that include indemnification and guarantee provisions as a routine part of our business activities. Examples of these contracts include asset purchase and sale agreements, surety bonds, financial assurances to regulatory agencies in connection with reclamation and closure obligations, commodity sale and purchase agreements and other types of contractual agreements with vendors and other third parties. These agreements indemnify counterparties for matters such as reclamation and closure obligations, tax liabilities, environmental liabilities, litigation and other matters, as well as breaches by Mosaic of representations, warranties and covenants set forth in these agreements. In many cases, we are essentially guaranteeing our own performance, in which case the guarantees do not fall within the scope of the accounting and disclosures requirements under U.S. GAAP. Our maximum potential exposure under our indemnification arrangements can range from a specified dollar amount to an unlimited amount, depending on the nature of the transaction. Many of the guarantees and indemnities we issue to third parties do not limit the amount or duration of our obligations to perform under them. For these guarantees and indemnities, we may not be able to estimate what our liability would be until a claim is made for payment or performance due to the contingent nature of these arrangements. Based on our current understanding of the relevant facts, we do not believe that we will be required to make any material payments under these indemnity provisions.

18. PENSION PLANS AND OTHER BENEFITS

We sponsor pension and postretirement benefits through a variety of plans, including defined benefit plans, defined contribution plans and postretirement benefit plans in North America and certain of our international locations. We reserve the right to amend, modify or terminate the Mosaic sponsored plans at any time, subject to provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), prior agreements and our collective bargaining agreements.

Defined Benefit

During fiscal 2022, we terminated the defined benefit pension plan in the U.S, which was frozen at the time of termination. In connection with the plan termination, we settled all future obligations under the terminated plan through a combination of lump-sum payments to eligible participants who elected to receive them through a lump-sum window, and the transfer of any remaining benefit obligations under the terminated plans to a third-party insurance company under a group annuity contract. As a result of these actions, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax pension settlement charge of $41.9 million in our 2022 Consolidated Statements of Earnings in Other income (expense).

We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans in Canada, which are closed to new participants. Benefits are based on different combinations of years of service and compensation levels, depending on the plan. Generally, contributions to Canadian plans are made in accordance with the Pension Benefits Act instituted by the province of Saskatchewan. Certain employees in Canada, whose pension benefits exceed Canada Revenue Agency limitations, are covered by supplementary non-qualified, unfunded pension plans. During 2023, we terminated certain defined pension plans in Canada by transferring remaining benefit obligations for participants to a third-party insurance company under a group annuity contract. As a result of these actions, we recognized a non-cash pre-tax settlement charge of $42.4 million in our 2023 Consolidated Statements of Earnings in Other income (expense).

We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans in Brazil, and we acquired multi-employer pension plans for certain of our Brazil associates. All our pension plans are governed by the Brazilian pension plans regulatory agency, National Superintendence of Supplementary Pensions. Our Brazil plans are not individually significant to the Company’s consolidated financial statements after factoring in the multi-employer pension plan indemnification that we acquired through an acquisition. We made contributions to these plans, net of indemnification, of $0.4 million and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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Accounting for Pension Plans

The year-end status of the North American pension plans was as follows:

The accumulated benefit obligation for the defined benefit pension plans was $114.6 million and $119.6 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In 2025, we expect the related plans to pay benefit payments of approximately $3.4 million and to contribute cash of at least $0.8 million to the pension plans to meet minimum funding requirements.

Plan Assets and Investment Strategies

The Company’s overall investment strategy is to obtain sufficient return and provide adequate liquidity to meet the benefit obligations of our pension plans. The primary investment objective is to secure the promised pension benefits through capital preservation and appreciation to better manage the asset/liability gap and interest rate risk. A secondary investment objective is to most effectively manage investment volatility to reduce the variability of the Company’s required contributions. A significant amount of the assets are invested in funds that are managed by Mosaic’s investment advisor and reviewed by Mosaic management. Plan assets are primarily valued based on external pricing sources and are classified as Level 2. We do not have significant concentrations of credit risk or industry sectors within the plan assets. Fair value measurements of plan assets was $146.3 million at December 31, 2024 and was invested approximately 75% in fixed income securities,20% in equity securities, and 5% in other investment funds and cash.

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Defined Contribution Plans

Eligible salaried and non-union hourly employees in the U.S. participate in a defined contribution investment plan which permits employees to defer a portion of their compensation through payroll deductions and provides matching contributions. We match 100% of the first 3% of the participant’s contributed pay plus 50% of the next 3% of the participant’s contributed pay, subject to Internal Revenue Service limits. Participant contributions, matching contributions and the related earnings immediately vest. Mosaic also provides an annual non-elective employer contribution feature for eligible salaried and non-union hourly employees based on the employee’s age and eligible pay. Participants are generally vested in the non-elective employer contributions after three years of service. In addition, a discretionary feature of the plan allows the Company to make additional contributions to employees. Certain union employees participate in a defined contribution retirement plan based on collective bargaining agreements.

Canadian salaried and non-union hourly employees participate in an employer funded plan with employer contributions similar to the U.S. plan. The plan provides a profit sharing component which is paid each year. We also sponsor one mandatory union plan in Canada. Benefits in these plans vest after two years of consecutive service.

The expense attributable to defined contribution plans in the U.S. and Canada was $60.8 million, $61.7 million and $55.7 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Postretirement Medical Benefit Plans

We provide certain health care benefit plans for certain retired employees (“Retiree Health Plans”) which may be either contributory or non-contributory and contain certain other cost-sharing features such as deductibles and coinsurance.

The North American Retiree Health Plans are unfunded and the projected benefit obligation was $20.6 million and $22.8 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This liability should continue to decrease due to our limited exposure. The related income statement effects of the Retiree Health Plans are not material to the Company. We anticipate contributing cash of at least $1.9 million in 2025 to the postretirement medical benefit plans to fund anticipated benefit payments.

The year-end status of the Brazil postretirement medical benefit plans with a discount rate of 9.95% and 10.40% on each of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively was as follows:

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19. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (“AOCI”)

The following table sets forth the changes in AOCI by component during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:

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20. SHARE REPURCHASES

In 2022, our Board of Directors approved two share repurchase programs for a total of $3.0 billion. Our repurchase programs allow the Company to repurchase shares of our Common Stock through open market purchases, accelerated share repurchase arrangements, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise and have no set expiration date.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 7,944,507 shares of Common Stock in the open market for approximately $235.4 million at an average purchase price per share of $29.63.

On February 24, 2023, pursuant to existing stock repurchase authorizations, we entered into an accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “2023 ASR Agreement”) with a third-party financial institution to repurchase $300 million of our Common Stock. At inception, we paid the financial institution $300 million and took initial delivery of 4,659,290 shares of our Common Stock, representing an estimated 80% of the total shares expected to be delivered under the 2023 ASR Agreement. In March 2023, the transaction was completed and we received an additional 965,284 shares of Common Stock. In total,5,624,574 shares were delivered under the 2023 ASR Agreement, at an average purchase price of $53.34 per share.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased 16,879,059 shares of Common Stock in the open market for approximately $748.0 million, at an average purchase price per share of $44.31. This includes the 5,624,574 shares purchased under the 2023 ASR Agreement.

The extent to which we repurchase our shares and the timing of any such repurchases depend on a number of factors, including market and business conditions, the price of our shares, our ability to access capital resources, our liquidity and corporate, regulatory and other considerations.

21. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The Mosaic Company 2023 Stock and Incentive Plan (the “2023 Stock and Incentive Plan”) was approved by our stockholders and became effective on May 25, 2023. It permits up to 18 million shares of common stock to be issued under share-based awards granted under this plan. The 2023 Stock and Incentive Plan provides for grants of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units and a variety of other share-based and non-share-based awards. Our employees, officers, directors, consultants, agents, advisors and independent contractors, as well as other designated individuals, are eligible to participate in the 2023 Stock and Incentive Plan.

The Mosaic Company 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan (the “2014 Stock and Incentive Plan”) was approved by our stockholders and became effective on May 15, 2014. It permits up to 25 million shares of common stock to be issued under share-based awards granted under this plan. The 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan provides for grants of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units and a variety of other share-based and non-share-based awards. Our employees, officers, directors, consultants, agents, advisors and independent contractors, as well as other designated individuals, are eligible to participate in the 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan.

The Mosaic Company 2004 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”), which was approved by our stockholders and became effective in 2004 and subsequently amended, provided for the grant of shares and share options to employees for up to 25 million shares of common stock. While awards may no longer be made under the Omnibus Plan, it will remain in effect with respect to the awards that had been granted thereunder prior to its termination.

Mosaic settles stock option exercises, restricted stock units and certain performance units and performance shares with newly issued common shares. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers these plans subject to their respective provisions and applicable law.

Stock Options

Stock options are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of our stock at the date of grant and have a ten-year contractual term. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. Stock options generally vest in equal annual installments in the first three years following the date of grant (graded vesting). Stock options are expensed on a straight-line basis over the required service period, based on the estimated fair value of the award on the date of grant, net of estimated forfeitures.

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Valuation Assumptions

Assumptions used to calculate the fair value of stock options awarded in 2017 are noted in the following table. There were no stock options granted or issued in 2024, 2023 or 2022. Expected volatility is based on the simple average of implied and historical volatility using the daily closing prices of the Company’s stock for a period equal to the expected term of the option. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rate at the time of the grant for instruments of comparable life.

A summary of the status of our stock options as of December 31, 2024, and activity during 2024, is as follows:

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock units are issued to various employees, officers and directors at a value equal to the market price of our stock at the date of grant. The fair value of restricted stock units is equal to the market price of our stock at the date of grant. Restricted stock units generally cliff vest after three years of continuous service and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the required service period, based on the estimated grant date fair value, net of estimated forfeitures.

A summary of the status of our restricted stock units as of December 31, 2024, and activity during 2024, is as follows:

Performance Units

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022,496,367,1,206,263 and 540,915 total stockholder return (“TSR”) performance units were granted, respectively. Final performance units are awarded based on the increase or decrease, subject to certain limitations, in Mosaic’s share price from the grant date to the third anniversary of the award, plus dividends (a measure of total stockholder return or TSR). The beginning and ending stock prices are based on a 30 trading-day average stock price. Holders of the awards must be employed at the end of the performance period in order for any units to vest, except in the event of death, disability or retirement at or after age 60, certain changes in control or the exercise of Committee or Board discretion as provided in the related award agreements.

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The fair value of each TSR performance unit is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. This valuation methodology utilizes assumptions consistent with those of our other share-based awards and a range of ending stock prices; however, the expected term of the awards isthree years, which impacts the assumptions used to calculate the fair value of performance units as shown in the table below.241,189,354,500 and 195,755 of the TSR performance awards issued in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, are to be settled in cash, and are therefore accounted for as a liability with changes in value recorded through earnings during the service period. The remaining TSR performance units issued in 2024, 2023 and 2022 are considered equity-classified fixed awards measured at grant-date fair value and not subsequently re-measured. All of the TSR performance units cliff vest after three years of continuous service and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the required service period, based on the estimated grant date fair value of the award net of estimated forfeitures.

A summary of the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of TSR performance units is as follows:

A summary of our performance unit activity during 2024 is as follows:

The outstanding performance units as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 include 463,410 and 500,393 cash-settled performance units, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation Expense

We recorded share-based compensation expense of $20.2 million, $37.8 million and $61.1 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The tax benefit related to share exercises and lapses in the year was $1.0 million, $9.0 million and $7.5 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, there was $15.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to options, restricted stock units and performance units and shares granted under the 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan and the Omnibus Plan. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period ofone year. No options vested in 2024, 2023 and 2022.

We received $16.0 million from exercises of share-based payment arrangements for 2022. There wasno cash received from exercises of share-based payment arrangements for 2024 and 2023. We incurred a tax benefit for tax deductions from options of $4.1 million, $7.9 million and $13.4 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

22. COMMITMENTS

We lease certain plants, warehouses, terminals, office facilities, railcars and various types of equipment under operating leases, some of which include rent payment escalation clauses, with lease terms ranging from one to 43 years. In addition to minimum lease payments, some of our office facility leases require payment of our proportionate share of real estate taxes

F- 72 and building operating expenses. Our future obligations under these leases are included in Note 4 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

We also have purchase obligations to purchase goods and services, primarily for raw materials used in products sold to customers. In 2013, we entered into an ammonia supply agreement with CF that commenced in 2017, under which Mosaic agreed to purchase approximately 545,000 to 725,000 tonnes of ammonia per year at a price tied to the prevailing price of U.S. natural gas. This agreement ended effective January 1, 2025.

We have long-term agreements for the purchase of sulfur, which is used in the production of phosphoric acid, and natural gas, which is a significant raw material used primarily in the solution mining process in our Potash segment as well as in our phosphate concentrates plants.

A schedule of future minimum long-term purchase commitments, based on expected market prices as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

Purchases made under long-term commitments were $2.1 billion in 2024, $3.0 billion in 2023 and $4.6 billion in 2022.

Most of our export sales of potash crop nutrients are marketed through a North American export association, Canpotex, which may fund its operations in part through third-party financing facilities. As a member, Mosaic or our subsidiaries are contractually obligated to reimburse Canpotex for their pro rata share of any operating expenses or other liabilities incurred. The reimbursements are made through reductions to members’ cash receipts from Canpotex.

We incur liabilities for reclamation activities and Gypstack closures in our Florida and Louisiana operations where, in order to obtain necessary permits, we must either pass a test of financial strength or provide credit support, typically in the form of cash deposits, surety bonds or letters of credit. The surety bonds generally expire within one year or less but a substantial portion of these instruments provide financial assurance for continuing obligations and therefore, in most cases, must be renewed on an annual basis. As of December 31, 2024 we had $793.7 million in surety bonds outstanding, of which $411.8 million is for reclamation obligations primarily related to mining in Florida. In addition, included in the total amount is $327.1 million, reflecting our updated closure cost estimates, delivered to the EPA as a substitute for the financial assurance provided through the Plant City Trust. The remaining balance in surety bonds outstanding of $54.8 million is for other matters.

23. CONTINGENCIES

We have described below the material judicial and administrative proceedings to which we are subject.

Environmental Matters

We have contingent environmental liabilities that arise principally from three sources: (i) facilities currently or formerly owned by our subsidiaries or their predecessors; (ii) facilities adjacent to currently or formerly owned facilities; and (iii) third-party Superfund or state equivalent sites. At facilities currently or formerly owned by our subsidiaries or their predecessors, the historical use and handling of regulated chemical substances, crop and animal nutrients and additives and by-product or process tailings have resulted in soil, surface water and/or groundwater contamination. Spills or other releases of regulated substances, subsidence from mining operations and other incidents arising out of operations, including accidents, have occurred previously at these facilities and potentially could occur in the future, possibly requiring us to undertake or fund cleanup or result in monetary damage awards, fines, penalties, other liabilities, injunctions or other court or administrative rulings. In some instances, pursuant to consent orders or agreements with governmental agencies, we are

F- 73 undertaking certain remedial actions or investigations to determine whether remedial action may be required to address contamination. At other locations, we have entered into consent orders or agreements with appropriate governmental agencies to perform required remedial activities that will address identified site conditions. Taking into consideration established reserves of approximately $197.5 million and $203.2 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, of which $90.8 million and $148.9 million are included in Accrued Liabilities and$106.7 million and $54.3 million in Other Non Current Liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, expenditures for these known conditions currently are not expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on our business or financial condition. However, material expenditures could be required in the future to remediate the contamination at known sites or at other current or former sites or as a result of other environmental, health and safety matters. Below is a discussion of certain environmental matters.

New Wales Phase II East Stack. In April 2022 we confirmed the presence of a cavity in and liner tear beneath the southern part of the active phosphogypsum stack at the Company’s New Wales facility in Florida. This resulted in process water draining beneath the stack. The circumstances were reported to the FDEP and the EPA. Phase I of the repairs, consisting of stabilizing the cavity by depositing low pressure grout into it, began in July 2022 and now is complete. Phase II work, which consists of injecting high pressure grout beneath the stack to restore the geological confining layer beneath it, began in early in 2023 and the work is now complete.

As of December 31, 2024 we have a reserve of $14.7 million, included in the above amount, for the estimated repairs. We are unable to estimate at this time potential future additional financial impacts or a range of loss, if any, due to the ongoing evaluation.

New Wales Phase II West Stack. In October 2023 we observed a series of seismic acoustic emissions and changes to piezometric water levels in a part of the Phase II West phosphogypsum stack at the New Wales, Florida facility. These observations may be an indication of a breach in the stack liner system and were reported to the FDEP and EPA. We have begun repairs: stabilization grouting is now complete and high-pressure grouting began in October 2024. The area of the stack is not in use for either process water storage or additional gypsum placement. It lies within a zone of capture of a recovery groundwater well which is operating as intended. No offsite impacts are known or expected.

As of December 31, 2024 we have a reserve of $81.5 million, included in the above established reserves, for estimated repairs. We are unable to estimate at this time potential future additional financial impacts or a range of loss, if any, due to the ongoing evaluation.

EPA RCRA Initiative. We have certain financial assurance and other obligations under consent decrees and a separate financial assurance arrangement relating to our facilities in Florida and Louisiana. These obligations are discussed in Note 14 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other Environmental Matters. Superfund and equivalent state statutes impose liability without regard to fault or to the legality of a party’s conduct on certain categories of persons who are considered to have contributed to the release of “hazardous substances” into the environment. Under Superfund, or its various state analogues, one party may, under certain circumstances, be required to bear more than its proportionate share of cleanup costs at a site where it has liability if payments cannot be obtained from other responsible parties. Currently, certain of our subsidiaries are involved or concluding involvement at several Superfund or equivalent state sites. Our remedial liability from these sites, alone or in the aggregate, currently is not expected to have a material effect on our business or financial condition. As more information is obtained regarding these sites and the potentially responsible parties involved, this expectation could change.

We believe that, pursuant to several indemnification agreements, our subsidiaries are entitled to at least partial, and in many instances complete, indemnification for the costs that may be expended by us or our subsidiaries to remedy environmental issues at certain facilities. These agreements address issues that resulted from activities occurring prior to our acquisition of facilities or businesses from parties including, but not limited to: ARCO (BP); Beatrice Fund for Environmental Liabilities; Conoco; Conserv; Estech, Inc.; Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation; Kerr-McGee Inc.; PPG Industries, Inc.; The Williams Companies; CF; and certain other private parties. Our subsidiaries have already received and anticipate receiving amounts pursuant to the indemnification agreements for certain of their expenses incurred to date as well as future anticipated expenditures. We record potential indemnifications as an offset to the established accruals when they are realizable or realized. The failure of an indemnitor to fulfill its obligations could result in future costs that could be material.

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Brazil Legal Contingencies

Our Brazilian subsidiaries are engaged in a number of judicial and administrative proceedings regarding labor, environmental, mining and civil claims that allege aggregate damages and/or fines of approximately $559.2 million. We estimate that our probable aggregate loss with respect to these claims is approximately $79.3 million, which is included in our accrued liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024. Approximately $377.1 million of the maximum potential loss above relates to labor claims, of which approximately $62.0 million is included in accrued liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024.

Based on Brazil legislation and the current status of similar labor cases involving unrelated companies, we believe we have recorded adequate loss contingency reserves sufficient to cover our estimate of probable losses. If the status of similar cases involving unrelated companies were to adversely change in the future, our maximum exposure could increase and additional accruals could be required.

Brazil Tax Contingencies

Our Brazilian subsidiaries are engaged in a number of judicial and administrative proceedings relating to various non-income tax matters. We estimate that our maximum potential liability with respect to these matters is approximately $601.8 million, of which $204.0 million is subject to an indemnification agreement entered into with Vale S.A in connection with an acquisition.

Approximately $311.9 million of the maximum potential liability relates to a Brazilian federal value added tax, PIS and COFINS, and tax credit cases, while the majority of the remaining amount relates to various other non-income tax cases. The maximum potential liability can increase with new audits from Brazilian tax authorities. Based on Brazil tax legislation and the current status of similar tax cases involving unrelated taxpayers, we believe we have recorded adequate loss contingency reserves sufficient to cover our estimate of probable losses, which are immaterial. If the status of similar tax cases involving unrelated taxpayer changes in the future, additional accruals could be required.

Other Claims

We also have certain other contingent liabilities with respect to judicial, administrative and arbitration proceedings and claims of third parties, including tax matters, arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that any of these contingent liabilities will have a material adverse impact on our business or financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

24. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

We enter into transactions and agreements with certain of our non-consolidated companies and other related parties from time to time. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had amounts included in Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable on our Consolidated Balances due to our non-consolidated companies of which the net amount totaled $46.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

The Consolidated Statements of Earnings included the following transactions with our non-consolidated companies:

As part of the MWSPC joint venture which was in place through December 24, 2024, we marketed approximately 25% of the MWSPC production for which approximately $18.4 million, $17.5 million and $23.1 million is included in revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

25. BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The reportable segments are determined by management based upon factors such as products and services, production processes, technologies, market dynamics and for which segment financial information is available for our chief operating decision maker. Our chief operating decision maker is our chief executive officer.

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For a description of our business segments, see Note 1 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. We evaluate performance based on the gross margin and operating earnings of the respective business segments, which includes certain allocations of corporate selling, general and administrative expenses. The segment results may not represent the actual results that would be expected if they were independent, stand-alone businesses. Intersegment eliminations, including profit on intersegment sales, mark-to-market gains/losses on derivatives, debt expenses and the results of the China and India distribution business are included within Corporate, Eliminations and Other. Certain selling, general and administrative costs that are not controllable by the business segments are included within Corporate, Eliminations and Other.

For the Phosphates, Potash and Mosaic Fertilizantes segments, the chief operating decision maker uses both segment gross margin and operating earnings to allocate resources to each segment, predominantly in the annual budget and forecasting process. The chief operating decision maker considers forecast-to-actual variances on a monthly basis for both profit measures when making decisions about allocating capital and personnel to the segments. The chief operating decision maker also uses segment gross margin for evaluating product pricing and segment profit or loss from operations to assess the performance for each segment by comparing the results and return on assets of each segment with one another.

Segment information for the years 2024, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:

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(a)The “Corporate, Eliminations and Other” category includes the results of our ancillary distribution operations in India and China. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, distribution operations in India and China had revenues of $519.6 million, $898.9 million and $1.1 billion, respectively, and gross margins of $39.7 million, $(16.8) million and $130.9 million, respectively. These operations do not meet the quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments.

(b)The primary components of cost of goods sold are raw material purchases, including sulfur and ammonia, conversion costs and transportation costs.

(c)Selling, general and administrative expenses include nonmanufacturing payroll expense and professional services expense.

(d)Other operating expenses typically relate to five major categories: (1) AROs, (2) environmental and legal reserves, (3) idle facility costs, (4) insurance reimbursements, and (5) gain/loss on sale or disposal of fixed assets.

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Financial information relating to our operations by geographic area is as follows:

(a)Revenues are attributed to countries based on location of customer.

(b)Canpotex sales to the ultimate third-party customers are made to customers in various countries. The countries with the largest portion of third-party customer sales are Brazil, China, India, and Indonesia.

Excluded from the table above as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, are goodwill of $1,061.1 million and $1,138.6 million and deferred income tax assets of $958.3 million and $1,079.2 million, respectively.

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Net sales by product type for the years 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

(a)Includes sales of MicroEssentials®, K-Mag® and Aspire®.

(b)Includes sales of industrial potash, feed products, nitrogen and other products.

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