ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS INC

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

1. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business- Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., incorporated in Delaware, and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ADS” or the “Company”) designs, manufactures and markets innovative water management solutions in the stormwater and onsite septic wastewater industries, providing superior drainage solutions for use in the construction and agriculture marketplace. ADS’s products are used across a broad range of end markets and applications, including non-residential, infrastructure and agriculture applications.

The Company is managed and reports results of operations inthree reportable segments: Pipe, Infiltrator Water Technologies Ultimate Holdings, Inc (“Infiltrator”) and International. The Company also reports the results of its Allied Products and all other business segments as Allied Products and Other.

Historically, sales of the Company’s products have been higher in the first and second quarters of each fiscal year due to favorable weather and longer daylight conditions accelerating construction activity during these periods. Seasonal variations in operating results may also be impacted by inclement weather conditions, such as cold or wet weather, which can delay projects.

Basis of Presentation- The Company prepares its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023 was derived from audited financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023 (“Fiscal 2023 Form 10-K”). The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly its financial position as of December 31, 2023 and the results of operations for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 and cash flows for the nine months ended December 31, 2023. The interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, filed in the Company’s Fiscal 2023 Form 10-K.

Principles of Consolidation- The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, its majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company uses the equity method of accounting for equity investments where it exercises significant influence but does not hold a controlling financial interest. Such investments are recorded in Other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related equity earnings from these investments are included in Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Recent Accounting Guidance

Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures - In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update (“ASU”) to amend ASC 280, Segment Reporting to enhance segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. In addition, the amendments enhance interim disclosure requirements, clarify circumstances in which an entity can disclose multiple segment measures of profit or loss, provide new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, and contain other disclosure requirements. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures - In December 2023, the FASB issued an ASU to amend ASC 740, Income Taxes to enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The amendments may be applied prospectively or retrospectively and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Except for the pronouncements described above, there have been no new accounting pronouncements issued or adopted since the filing of the Fiscal 2023 Form 10-K that have significance, or potential significance, to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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2. GAIN ON DISPOSAL OF ASSETS AND COSTS FROM EXIT AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES

On April 14, 2023, the Company completed its divestiture of substantially all of the assets of Spartan Concrete, Inc. to a third party purchaser for consideration of $20.0 million. The Company recognized a gain on the sale of $14.9 million in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to the divestiture, the Company recorded the results of operations in Allied & Other.

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue Disaggregation - The Company disaggregates net sales by Domestic, International and Infiltrator and further disaggregates Domestic and International by product type, consistent with its reportable segment disclosure. This disaggregation level best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Refer to “Note 12. Business Segments Information” for the Company’s disaggregation of Net sales by reportable segment.

Contract Balances -The Company recognizes a contract asset representing the Company’s right to recover products upon the receipt of returned products and a contract liability for the customer refund. The following table presents the balance of the Company’s contract asset and liability as of the periods presented:

4. LEASES

Nature of the Company’s Leases - The Company has operating and finance leases for plants, yards, corporate offices, tractors, trailers and other equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining terms of less thanone year to 14 years. A portion of the Company’s yard leases include an option to extend the leases for up tofive years. The Company has included renewal options which are reasonably certain to be exercised in its right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.

5. INVENTORIES

Inventories as of the periods presented consisted of the following:

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6. NET INCOME PER SHARE AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Net Income per Share -The following table presents information necessary to calculate net income per share for the periods presented, as well as potentially dilutive securities excluded from the weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

ADS Mexicana- ADS conducts business in Mexico and Central America through its joint venture, ADS Mexicana, S.A. de C.V. (“ADS Mexicana”). ADS owns 51% of the outstanding stock of ADS Mexicana and consolidates ADS Mexicana for financial reporting purposes.

On June 6, 2022, the Company and ADS Mexicana amended the Intercompany Revolving Credit Promissory Note (the “Intercompany Note”) with a borrowing capacity of $9.5 million. The Intercompany Note matures on June 8, 2027. The Intercompany Note indemnifies the ADS Mexicana joint venture partner for 49% of any unpaid borrowings. The interest rates under the Intercompany Note are determined by certain base rates or Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus an applicable margin based on the Leverage Ratio. As of both December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, there wereno borrowings outstanding under the Intercompany Note.

South American Joint Venture- The Tuberias Tigre - ADS Limitada joint venture (the “South American Joint Venture”) manufactures and sells HDPE corrugated pipe in certain South American markets. ADS owns 50% of the South American Joint Venture. ADS is the guarantor of 50% of the South American Joint Venture’s credit arrangement, and the debt guarantee is shared equally with the joint venture partner. The Company’s maximum potential obligation under this guarantee is $5.5 million as of December 31, 2023. The maximum borrowings permitted under the South American Joint Venture’s credit facility are $11.0 million. The Company does not anticipate any required contributions related to the balance of this credit arrangement. As of December 31, 2023, there wasno outstanding principal balance for the South American Joint Venture’s credit facility including letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, the outstanding principal balances of the South American Joint Venture’s credit facility including letters of credit was $5.5 million.

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8. DEBT

Long-term debt as of the periods presented consisted of the following:

Senior Secured Credit Facilities –In May 2022, the Company entered into a Second Amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Company's Base Credit Agreement with Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent under the Term Loan Facility, PNC Bank, National Association, as new administrative agent under the Revolving Credit Facility. Among other things, the Second Amendment (i) amended the Base Credit Agreement by increasing the Revolving Credit Facility (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”) from $350 million to $600 million (including an increase of the sub-limit for the swing-line sub-facility from $50 million to $60 million), (ii) extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to May 26, 2027, (iii) revised the “applicable margin” to provide an additional step-down to 175 basis points (for Term Benchmark based loans) and 75 basis points (for base rate loans) in the event the consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio is less than 2.00 to 1.00, and (iv) reset the “incremental amount” and the investment basket in non-guarantors and joint ventures. The Second Amendment also revised the reference interest rate from LIBOR to SOFR for both the Amended Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facility. Letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023 amounted to $11.2 million and $9.7 million, respectively, and reduced the availability of the Revolving Credit Facility.

Senior Notes due 2027 –On September 23, 2019, the Company issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.0% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”) pursuant to an Indenture, dated September 23, 2019 (the “2027 Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (the “Trustee”).

Senior Notes due 2030 – On June 9, 2022, the Company issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.375% Senior Notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes”) pursuant to an Indenture, dated June 9, 2022 (the “2030 Indenture”), among the Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee.

Equipment Financing – The assets under the Equipment Financing acquired are titled to the Company and included in Property, plant and equipment, net on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The equipment financing has an initial term of between 12 and 84 months, based on the life of the equipment, and bears a weighted average interest of 1.6%as of December 31, 2023. The current portion of the equipment financing is $5.3 million, and the long-term portion is $7.0 million at December 31, 2023.

Valuation of Debt - The carrying amounts of current financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these items. The following table presents the carrying and fair value of the Company’s 2027 Notes, 2030 Notes and Equipment Financing for the periods presented:

The fair values of the 2027 Notes and 2030 Notes were determined based on quoted market data for the Company’s 2027 Notes and 2030 Notes, respectively. The fair value of the Equipment Financing was determined based on a comparison of the interest rate and terms of such borrowings to the rates and terms of similar debt available for the

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9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Purchase Commitments -The Company has historically secured supplies of resin raw material by agreeing to purchase quantities during a future given period at a fixed price. These purchase contracts typically ranged from 1 to 12 months and occur in the ordinary course of business. The Company doesnot have any outstanding purchase commitments with fixed price and quantity as of December 31, 2023. The Company also enters into equipment purchase contracts with manufacturers.

Litigation and Other Proceedings –The Company is involved from time to time in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including but not limited to commercial disputes, environmental matters, employee related claims, intellectual property disputes and litigation in connection with transactions including acquisitions and divestitures. The Company does not believe that such litigation, claims, and administrative proceedings will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company records a liability when a loss is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

10. INCOME TAXES

The Company’s effective tax rate will vary based on a variety of factors, including overall profitability, the geographical mix of income before taxes and related tax rates in jurisdictions where it operates and other one-time charges, as well as the occurrence of discrete events. For the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company utilized an effective tax rate of 22.2% and 24.0%, respectively, to calculate its provision for income taxes. For the nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company utilized an effective tax rate of 24.3% and 23.4%, respectively, to calculate its provision for income taxes. State and local income taxes increased the effective rate for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Discrete income tax benefits related to amended state tax returns and the federal return to provision adjustment decreased the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Additionally, discrete income tax benefit related to the stock-based compensation windfall decreased the effective tax rate for thethree and nine months ended December 31, 2022.

11. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

ADS has several programs for stock-based payments to employees and non-employee members of its Board of Directors, including stock options, performance-based restricted stock units and restricted stock. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense in the following line items of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods presented:

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense by award type for the periods presented:

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2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan -The 2017 Incentive Plan provides for the issuance of a maximum of 5.0 million shares of the Company’s common stock for awards made thereunder, which awards may consist of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock, cash-based awards, performance awards (which may take the form of performance cash, performance units or performance shares) or other stock-based awards.

Restricted Stock – During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Company granted 0.1 million shares of restricted stock with a grant date fair value of $13.2 million.

Performance-based Restricted Stock Units(“Performance Units”) – During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Company granted 0.1 million performance share units at a grant date fair value of $8.7 million.

Options – During the nine months ended December 31, 2023, the Company granted 0.2 million nonqualified stock options under the 2017 Incentive Plan with a grant date fair value of $7.5 million. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The following table summarizes the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock-options during the period presented:

Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) -In July 2022, the Company’s stockholders approved the Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which provides for a maximum of 0.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock. Eligible employees may purchase the Company's common stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the first day or the last day of the offering period. The first offering period commenced July 1, 2023 and ended December 31, 2023. The next offering period will commence January 1, 2024 and will end June 30, 2024.

12. BUSINESS SEGMENTS INFORMATION

The Company operates its business inthree distinct reportable segments: “Pipe”, “International” and “Infiltrator.” “Allied Products & Other” represents the Company’s Allied Products and all other business segments. The Chief Operating Decision Maker (the “CODM”) evaluates segment reporting based on Net Sales and Segment Adjusted Gross Profit. The Company calculated Segment Adjusted Gross Profit as Net sales less Costs of goods sold, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation and non-cash charges. A measure of assets is not applicable, as segment assets are not regularly reviewed by the CODM for evaluating performance or allocating resources.

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The following table sets forth reportable segment information with respect to the amount of Net sales contributed by each class of similar products for the periods presented:

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The following sets forth certain financial information attributable to the reportable segments for the periods presented:

(a)Includes depreciation, amortization and capital expenditures not allocated to a reportable segment. The amortization expense of Infiltrator intangible assets is included in Allied Products & Other.

13. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information for the nine months ended December 31 were as follows:

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14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Common Stock Dividend - Subsequent to the end of the quarter, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.14 per share of common stock. The dividend is payable on March 15, 2024, to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, 2024.

Share Repurchase Program -Subsequent to the end of the quarter,0.1 million shares of common stock at a cost of $13.1 million were repurchased under the Board of Directors' authorization in February 2022.

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