Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc.

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”). These statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, but that is not required for interim reporting purposes, has been omitted. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated and all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals which are necessary for a fair statement of the financial condition and results of operations for the interim periods have been reflected. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related footnotes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed on March 13, 2025 (as amended, the “2024 Form 10-K”).

Enactment of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025

On July 4, 2025, new U.S. tax legislation was signed into law (known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” or “OBBBA”) which makes permanent many of the tax provisions enacted in 2017 as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that were set to expire at the end of 2025. In addition, the OBBBA makes changes to certain U.S. corporate tax provisions, but many are generally not effective until 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new legislation but does not expect it to have a material impact on the results of operations.

Significant accounting policies

The accounting policies of the Company are set forth in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements contained in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Segment Information

Nature of Operations

The Company's results are reported as a single operating and reportable segment - residential property insurance. Operating segments represent components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the chief operating decision maker in determining how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. For more information regarding the Company's nature of operations, refer to Note 22. "Segment Information" in addition to the "Business Segment" section of Note 1. "Basis of Presentation, Nature of Business and Significant Accounting Policies and Practices" to the consolidated financial statements in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Accounting Pronouncements adopted

Accounting Standards Update No. ASU 2023-09. In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09 (“ASU 2023-09”) Income Taxes(Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This update enhances income tax disclosures by requiring public entities to report income tax expense disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, with further detail on specific jurisdictions over a quantitative threshold. In addition, public entities must also separately disclose reconciling items equal to or greater than five percent of pretax income from operations by the applicable federal statutory rate. The Company has adopted this guidance on a prospective basis for the fiscal year beginning on January 1, 2025 and will result in enhanced income tax disclosures beginning with the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2025.

Accounting Pronouncements not yet adopted

Accounting Standards Update No. ASU 2025-06. On September 18, 2025, the FASB issued updated guidance under ASC 350-40 on the accounting for internal-use software costs. The updated guidance removes all references to software development project stages so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods and allows for the application of iterative software development methods such as agile. The updated guidance requires that an entity capitalize software costs when both: 1) management has authorized and committed to the funding of the software project, and 2) it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used to perform its intended function. Additionally, the updated guidance clarifies that internal and external training costs and maintenance costs must be expensed as incurred.

The updated guidance is effective for the quarter ended March 31, 2028, and can be applied on a prospective, modified, or retrospective transition approach. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or liquidity.

ASU 2025-01 and 2024-03 Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). This ASU requires disaggregated disclosure of certain income statement expenses, such as employee compensation and depreciation, for public business entities. The ASU does not change the expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement; rather, it requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures within the footnotes to the financial statements. The ASU also requires disclosure of a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively. ASU 2025-01 amends the effective date of ASU 2024-03, clarifying that "public business entities are required to adopt the guidance in annual reporting beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027." In addition, early adoption of the ASU is permitted. The Company is evaluating the guidance impact on the current presentation of the Company's income statement and expects the adoption to result in additional disclosures for certain expenses.

NOTE 2. INVESTMENTS

Securities Available-for-Sale

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of the Company’s debt securities available-for-sale are as follows for the periods presented:

(1)Includes securities at September 30, 2025 with a carrying amount of $4.2 million that were pledged as collateral for the advance agreements entered into with a financial institution in 2024. The Company is permitted to withdraw or exchange any portion of the pledged collateral over the minimum requirement at any time.

(1)Includes securities at December 31, 2024 with a carrying amount of $23.9 million and $6.7 million that were pledged as collateral for the advance agreement entered into with a financial institution in 2018 and 2024, respectively. The Company is permitted to withdraw or exchange any portion of the pledged collateral over the minimum requirement at any time.

The table below summarizes the Company's debt securities at September 30, 2025, by contractual maturity periods. Actual results may differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturity of those obligations.

Net Realized Gains on Debt Securities and Other Investments

The following tables present the net realized gains (losses) on the Company's debt securities available-for-sale for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively:

The following table presents the reconciliation of net realized gains on debt securities and other investments of the Company's investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively:

(1) For additional information on the Gross realized gains on sales of other investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 refer to Note 6. "Property and Equipment, Net".

Net Investment Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s net investment income by major investment category for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively:

The following tables present, for all debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position (including securities pledged) and for which no credit loss allowance has been established to date, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands), respectively:

The Company’s unrealized losses on debt securities have not been recognized in earnings because the securities are of a high credit quality with investment grade ratings. After reviewing the Company's portfolio, if (i) the Company does not have the intent to sell, or (ii) it is more likely than not it will not be required to sell the security before its anticipated recovery, then the Company's intent is to hold the investment securities to recovery, or maturity if necessary to recover the decline in valuation as prices accrete to par. However, the Company's intent may change prior to maturity due to certain types of events, which include, but are not limited to, changes in the financial markets, the Company's analysis of an issuer’s credit metrics and prospects, changes in tax laws or the regulatory environment, or as a result of significant unforeseen changes in liquidity needs. As such, the Company may, from time to time, sell invested assets subsequent to the balance sheet date that it did not intend to sell at the balance sheet date. Conversely, the

Company may not sell invested assets that the Company asserted it intended to sell at the balance sheet date. Such changes in intent are due to unforeseen events occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date.

The Company evaluated the available for sale investments that were in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2025 and determined that the unrealized losses were caused by rising interest rates in previous periods, resulting in no credit loss allowance recorded during the periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Other Investments

Non-Consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”)

The Company makes passive investments in limited partnerships (“LPs”), which is accounted for using the equity method, with income reported in net realized and unrealized gains and losses. The Company also makes passive investments in a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”), which are accounted for using the measurement alternative method, which is reported at cost less impairment (if any), plus or minus changes from observable price changes, as described in the table below.

The following table summarizes the carrying value and maximum loss exposure of the Company’s non-consolidated VIEs at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands), respectively:

The Company’s maximum exposure to loss with respect to these investments is limited to the investment carrying amounts reported as “other investments” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. No agreements exist requiring the Company to provide additional funding to any of the non-consolidated VIEs in excess of the Company’s initial investment. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company received $4.5 million as the full return from a preferred interest investment prior to the maturity date.

NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The Company is required to use an established hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation and degree to which they are observable or not observable in the market. The three levels in the hierarchy are as follows:

•Level 1– Unadjusted quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets/liabilities as of the reporting date.

•Level 2– Valuations based on observable inputs, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities at the measurement date; quoted prices in the markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly.

•Level 3– Pricing inputs are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement, and the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The highest priority is assigned to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no transfers in or out of Level 1, 2, and 3.

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company assesses the levels for the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy regarding the recognitions of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy.

The tables below present the balances of the Company’s invested assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Financial Instruments excluded from the fair value hierarchy

The carrying value of premium receivables, accounts payable, accrued expense, revolving loans and borrowings under the Company’s senior secured credit facility approximate their fair value. The rate at which revolving loans and borrowings under the Company’s senior secured credit facility bear interest resets periodically at market interest rates.

Non-recurring fair value measurements

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

Certain of the Company's investments, in accordance with GAAP for the type of investment, are measured using methodologies other than fair value.

NOTE 4. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The following table summarizes other comprehensive income and discloses the tax impact of each component of other comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively:

NOTE 5. LEASES

The Company has entered into operating and financing leases primarily for real estate and vehicles. The Company will determine whether an arrangement is a lease at inception of the agreement. The operating leases have terms ofone toten years, and often include one or more options to renew. These renewal terms can extend the lease term fromtwo toten years and are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company considers these options in determining the lease term used in establishing the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease obligations. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Because the rate implicit in each operating lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine present value of the lease payments. The Company used the implicit rates within the finance leases.

Components of the Company’s lease costs were as follows (in thousands):

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s operating and financing leases for the periods presented below were as follows (in thousands):

Weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for the Company’s operating and financing leases for the periods presented below were as follows:

Maturities of lease liabilities by fiscal year for the Company’s operating and financing leases were as follows (in thousands):

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating and financing leases for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company capitalized an additional $5.3 million of internal-use software development for the new policy, billing, and claims system. The Company is incurring additional costs as the Company continues to add new capabilities and products to the system which will be capitalized as appropriate. During the second quarter of 2025, the Company began the development to incorporate the Company's commercial products into the system, and the Company estimates completion of the development and full integration by the end of 2026. Once placed in service, the Company amortizes the capitalized internally developed software costs over the estimated useful life of 7 years, on a straight-line basis.

Depreciation and amortization expense for property and equipment was approximately $2.1 million and $696,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Depreciation and amortization expense for property and equipment was approximately $4.5 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. On July 23, 2025, the Company sold its real estate consisting of 13 acres of land, two buildings and a parking garage for $16.0 million less fees and commission of $674,640. The Company recognized a net gain of approximately $2.7 million from the sale and reported the transaction within the Company's Consolidated Statement of Operations in net realized gains on debt securities and other investments. As part of the sale consideration, the buyer issued a promissory note to the Company for $11.0 million with a maturity date on January 23, 2026, which note accrues interest at a rate of 7% per annum and under which the buyer agreed to make regularly scheduled monthly payments of all accrued unpaid interest due as of each payment date, commencing on August 1, 2025. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company had recognized $84,383 as interest income from the promissory note. Also, as part of the sale the Company paid off the associated $10.8 million mortgage loan.

NOTE 7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, intangible assets were $31.7 million and $36.4 million, respectively. The Company has determined the useful life of its intangible assets to range between 2.5-15 years. Intangible assets include $1.3 million relating to insurance licenses which is classified as an indefinite lived intangible and is subject to annual impairment testing.

The Company’s intangible assets consist of brand, agent relationships, renewal rights, customer relations, trade names and insurance licenses.

Amortization expense of the Company’s intangible assets for each of the respective three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $1.6 million and $4.6 million, respectively. No impairment in the value of amortizing or non-amortizing intangible assets was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 or 2024.

Estimated annual pretax amortization of intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 8. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) for the periods indicated (amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts).

NOTE 9. DEFERRED REINSURANCE CEDING COMMISSION

The Company defers ceding commission earned in connection with its quota share reinsurance contracts, which is earned subject to the terms of the reinsurance agreements. Ceding commission on quota share agreements generally includes a provisional ceding rate, subject to sliding scale adjustments based on the loss experience of the reinsurers. Adjustments to estimated ceding commission income are reflected in current operations. The Company allocates 75% of ceding commission income to policy acquisition costs and 25% of ceding commission income to general and administrative expenses. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company allocated ceding commission income of $12.7 million and $8.9 million to policy acquisition costs, respectively, and $4.2 million and $3.2 million to general and administrative expense, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company allocated ceding commission income of $37.5 million and $27.6 million to policy acquisition costs, respectively and $12.4 million and $9.3 million to general and administrative expense, respectively.

The table below depicts the activity regarding deferred reinsurance ceding commission during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Deferred ceding commission income is recorded as an offset to deferred policy acquisition costs in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

NOTE 10. DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS

The Company defers certain costs in connection with written policies, called deferred policy acquisition costs (“DPAC”), which are amortized over the effective period of the related insurance policies. As described in Note 9. Deferred Reinsurance Ceding Commission, the Company records provisional ceding commission that it receives in connection with the Company's reinsurance contracts as an offset to deferred policy acquisition costs. Therefore, deferred policy acquisition costs are presented net of deferred reinsurance ceding commission.

The Company anticipates that its DPAC will be fully recoverable in the near term. The table below depicts the activity regarding DPAC for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded income tax expense of $17.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively, which corresponds to effective rates of 26.2% and 9.4%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded income tax expense of $42.4 million and $12.5 million, respectively, which corresponds to effective tax rates of 24.7% and 23.2%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the first three quarters of 2025 was higher than the effective tax rate for the first three quarters of 2024, largely driven by higher projected pre-tax income for the year 2025 compared to the projection for the year 2024. This had a dilutive effect on the rate impacts of permanent tax differences compared to the prior year tax provisions.

The table below summarizes the significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets:

The Company has recorded its deferred tax assets and liabilities using the statutory federal tax rate of 21%. The Company believes it is more likely than not that all deferred tax assets will be recovered, given the carry back availability as well as the result of future operations, which the Company believes will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax asset.

The statute of limitations related to the Company’s federal and state income tax returns remains open from the Company’s filings for 2021 through 2024. There are currently no tax years under examination.

At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company hadno significant uncertain tax positions or unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective income tax rate.

NOTE 12. REINSURANCE

Overview

In order to limit the Company’s potential exposure to individual risks and catastrophic events, the Company purchases significant reinsurance from third party reinsurers. Purchasing reinsurance is an important part of the Company’s risk strategy, and premiums ceded to reinsurers is one of the Company’s largest costs. The Company has strong relationships with reinsurers, which it attributes to its management’s industry experience, disciplined underwriting, and claims management capabilities. For each of the twelve months beginning June 1, 2025 and 2024, the Company purchased catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance from the following sources: (i) the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund, a state-mandated catastrophe fund (“FHCF”) which provides reinsurance for Florida personal residential and commercial residential admitted policies only, (ii) private reinsurers, all of which were rated “A-” or higher by A.M. Best Company, Inc. (“A.M. Best”) or Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) or were fully collateralized, and (iii) the Company’s wholly-owned reinsurance subsidiary, Osprey Re Ltd. (“Osprey”). The Company also sponsored catastrophe bonds in 2025 and 2024 through Citrus Re Ltd. In addition to purchasing excess of loss catastrophe reinsurance, the Company also purchases quota share, property per risk and facultative reinsurance from reinsurers who are either rated “A-” or higher by A.M. Best or were fully collateralized. The Company’s quota share program limits its exposure on catastrophe and non-catastrophe losses and provides ceding commission income. The Company’s per risk programs limit its net exposure in the event of a severe non-catastrophe loss impacting a single location or risk. The Company also utilizes facultative reinsurance to supplement its per risk reinsurance program where the Company’s capacity needs dictate.

Purchasing a sufficient amount of reinsurance to cover catastrophic losses from single or multiple events or significant non-catastrophe losses is an important part of the Company’s risk strategy. Reinsurance involves transferring, or “ceding”, a portion of the risk exposure on policies the Company writes to another insurer, known as a reinsurer. To the extent that the Company’s reinsurers are unable to meet the obligations they assume under the Company’s reinsurance agreements, the Company remains liable for the entire insured loss.

The Company’s state insurance regulators require the Company, like all insurance companies, to have a certain amount of capital and reinsurance coverage in order to cover losses and loss adjustment expenses upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event. The Company’s reinsurance program provides reinsurance in excess of its state regulator requirements, which are generally based on the probable maximum loss that it would incur from an individual catastrophic event estimated to occur once in every 100 years based on its portfolio of insured risks. The nature, severity and location of the event giving rise to such a probable maximum loss differs for each insurer depending on the insurer’s portfolio of insured risks, including, among other things, the geographic concentration of insured value within such portfolio. As a result, a particular catastrophic event could be a one-in-100-year loss event for one insurance company while having a greater or lesser probability of occurrence for another insurance company. The Company also purchases reinsurance coverage to protect against the potential for multiple catastrophic events occurring in the same year. The Company shares portions of its reinsurance program coverage among its insurance company affiliates.

2025 - 2026 Reinsurance Program

Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance

Effective June 1, 2025, the Company entered into catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance agreements for 2025-2026 covering Heritage Property & Casualty Insurance Company (“Heritage P&C”), Zephyr Insurance Company (“Zephyr”) and Narragansett Bay Insurance Company (“NBIC”). As described above, the catastrophe reinsurance programs are allocated among traditional reinsurers, Citrus Re and Osprey Re. The FHCF covers Florida admitted market risks only and the Company elected to participate at 90.0% for the 2025 hurricane season. The Company's affiliate, Osprey Re, will provide reinsurance for a portion of the Heritage P&C, NBIC and Zephyr programs. The Company’s third-party reinsurers are either rated “A-” or higher by A.M. Best or S&P or are fully collateralized, to reduce credit risk. Osprey Re and Citrus Re are fully collateralized programs.

The reinsurance program, which is segmented into layers of coverage, protects the Company for excess property catastrophe losses and loss adjustment expenses. The 2025-2026 reinsurance program provides first event coverage up to $1.6 billion for Heritage P&C, first event coverage up to $1.1 billion for NBIC, and first event coverage up to $865.0 million for Zephyr. The Company’s first event retention in a 1 in 100-year event would include retention for the respective insurance company as well as any retention by Osprey. The first event maximum retention up to a 1 in 100-year event for each insurance company subsidiary is as follows: Heritage P&C – $50.0 million, of which $50.0 million would be ceded to Osprey in a shared contract with NBIC and Zephyr; NBIC – $39.3 million of which the entire amount would be ceded to Osprey in a shared contract with Heritage P&C and Zephyr; and Zephyr — $50.0 million, of which $50 million would be ceded to Osprey in a shared contract with Heritage P&C and NBIC.

The Company is responsible for all losses and loss adjustment expenses in excess of the Company's reinsurance program. For second or subsequent catastrophic events, the Company’s total available coverage depends on the magnitude of the first event, as the Company may have coverage remaining from layers that were not previously fully exhausted. An aggregate of $3.75 billion of limit is available in 2025, which includes reinstatement through the purchase of reinstatement premium protection. The amount of coverage, however, will be subject to the severity and frequency of such events.

Additionally, on December 31, 2024, the Company placed occurrence contracts for business underwritten by NBIC which covers all catastrophe losses excluding named storms which contracts expire December 31, 2025. One contract which is 55% placed has a $15.0 million limit in excess of a retention of $25.0 million while another contract provides the remaining 45% with a $20.0 million limit in excess of a retention of $20.0 million. Each contract hasone reinstatement available.

Net Quota Share Reinsurance

The Company’s Net Quota Share coverage is proportional reinsurance, which applies to business underwritten by NBIC, for which certain of the Company’s other reinsurance (property catastrophe excess of loss and general excess of loss) inures to the quota share program. The amount and rate of ceding commissions slide, within a prescribed minimum and maximum, depending on loss performance. The Net Quota program has a term of one year. The Net Quota Share program which renewed on December 31, 2023 ceded 41% of the net premiums, with an occurrence limit of $20.0 million for catastrophe losses, subject to certain aggregate loss limits that vary by reinsurer. The Net Quota Share program which renewed on December 31, 2024 ceded 46.0% of the net premiums, with an occurrence limit of $20.0-$25.0 million for catastrophe losses is in effect on the current year quota share program, subject to certain aggregate loss limits that vary by reinsurer.

Per Risk Coverage

For losses arising from business underwritten by Heritage P&C, losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, and southeastern U.S. surplus lines business underwritten by NBIC, excluding losses from named storms, the Company purchased property per risk coverage. For the contract period from June 15, 2024 through June 30, 2025, which was 100% placed, the program covered losses and loss adjustment expenses in excess of $1.5 million per claim. The limit recoverable for an individual loss is $8.5 million and total limit for all losses is $25.5 million. There aretwo reinstatements available with additional premium due based on the amount of the layer exhausted. For losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, the Company also purchased property per risk coverage for losses and loss adjustments expenses in excess of $1.0 million per claim. The limit recovered for an individual loss is $500,000 and total limit for all losses is $1.5 million. This property per risk program was renewed for the period of July 1, 2025 through June 30, 2026, which was 100% placed. Under this new program, the limit recoverable for an individual loss in excess of $2.0 million per claim is $8.0 million and total limit for all losses is $24.0 million. There are two reinstatements available with additional premium due based on the amount of the layer exhausted. For losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, the Company also purchased property per risk coverage for losses and loss adjustments expenses in excess of $1 million per claim. The limit recovered for an individual loss is $1.0 million and total limit for all losses is $3.0 million.

In addition, the Company purchased facultative reinsurance for losses in excess of $10.0 million for any properties it insured where the total insured value exceeded $10.0 million. The maximum limit for this coverage is $80.0 million. This coverage applies to losses arising from business underwritten by Heritage P&C and losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, excluding losses from named storms. The Company also purchased facultative reinsurance for losses underwritten by NBIC in excess of $3.5 million.

General Excess of Loss

The Company’s general excess of loss reinsurance protects personal residential multi-peril business underwritten by NBIC and Zephyr from single risk losses. For the contract period of July 1, 2024 through September 30, 2025, the coverage is $2.5 million excess $1.0 million for property losses and $1.0 million excess $1.0 million for casualty losses, and is 50.0% placed. For the contract period of July 1, 2025 through June 30, 2026, the coverage is $2.5 million excess $1.0 million for property losses and $1.0 million excess $1.0 million for casualty losses, and is 47.5% placed.

For a detailed discussion of the Company’s 2024-2025 Reinsurance Program refer to Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Note 12. Reinsurance” in the Company’s 2024 Form 10-K.

Effect of Reinsurance

The Company’s reinsurance arrangements had the following effect on certain items in the condensed consolidated statement of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

During each of the Company's June 2025 and March 2025 quarterly assessments of losses reserves, the ultimate catastrophe loss estimates for certain hurricane events were adjusted downward based upon loss development. The reduction in ultimate catastrophe losses reduced both the reserve for unpaid losses and the amount of reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims by the same amount. The resultant change on a net basis was neutral because the losses were fully ceded under the Company's catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance coverage. This caused the ceded losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 to be positive in the table above.

NOTE 13. RESERVE FOR UNPAID LOSSES

The Company determines the reserve for unpaid losses on an individual-case basis for all incidents reported. The liability also includes amounts which are commonly referred to as incurred but not reported, or “IBNR”, claims as of the balance sheet date. The

Company estimates its IBNR reserves by projecting its ultimate losses using industry accepted actuarial methods and then deducting actual loss payments and case reserves from the projected ultimate losses.

The table below summarizes the activity related to the Company’s reserve for unpaid losses:

The Company believes that the reserve for unpaid losses reasonably represents the amount necessary to pay all claims and related expenses which may arise from incidents that have occurred as of the balance sheet date.

As of September 30, 2025, the Company reported $314.9 million in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance which included $249.9 million attributable to IBNR net of reinsurance recoverable, or 79.4% of net reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses.

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses includes expected reinsurance recoveries associated with reinsurance contracts the Company has in place. The amount may include recoveries from catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance, net quota share reinsurance, per risk reinsurance, and facultative reinsurance contracts.

NOTE 14. LONG-TERM DEBT

Convertible Senior Notes

In August 2017 and September 2017, the Company issued in aggregate $136.8 million of 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes (“Convertible Notes”) maturing on August 1, 2037, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears, on February 1, and August 1 of each year. In January 2022, the Company repurchased and retired $11.7 million of outstanding Convertible Senior Notes. Payment was made in cash and the Convertible Notes were retired at the time of repurchase. In addition, the Company expensed $242,700 which was the proportionate amount of the unamortized issuance and debt discount costs associated with this repurchase.

As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025, the Company had approximately $885,000 of the Convertible Notes outstanding, net of $21.1 million of Convertible Notes held by an insurance company subsidiary. For each respective nine month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company made interest payments, net of affiliated Convertible Notes, of approximately $50,230, on the outstanding Convertible Notes.

Senior Secured Credit Facility

On July 22, 2025, the Company and its subsidiary guarantors entered into the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended and Restated Credit Agreement”) with lenders from time to time party thereto and Regions Bank, as administrative agent and collateral agent. The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement amended and restated in its entirety the Credit Agreement dated as of December 14, 2018 (as amended to date, the “Prior Credit Agreement”).

The Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, among other things, (i) increased the overall size of the senior secured credit facilities to an aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million, consisting of (a) a revolving credit facility that continues to have an aggregate principal amount of up to $50.0 million (inclusive of a $25.0 million sublimit for swingline loans), but with an extended maturity of July 2030 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), (b) a term loan facility for an aggregate of $75 million principal amount outstanding as of the date of the Amended and Restated Agreement, with an extended maturity of July 2030 (the "Term Loan

Facility"), and (c) a $75 million committed delayed draw term loan that may be advanced to finance specified permitted acquisitions and investments, subject to satisfaction of conditions to borrowing and compliance with a specified consolidated leverage ratio, in up tofive separate installments during the two year period following the effective date of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with a maturity of July 2030 (the “Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility”), (ii) reduced the applicable margin for loans from (a) the prior range of 2.75% to 3.25% (plus the 0.10% credit adjustment spread) to a range from 2.50% to 3.00% per annum for SOFR loans (and removes the 0.10% SOFR credit adjustment spread) and (b) the prior range of 1.75% to 2.25% per annum for base rate loans to a range from 1.50% to 2.00%, in each case based on a consolidated leverage ratio ranging from less than or equal to 1-to-1 to greater than 1.5-to-1 and (iii) amended the terms of specified financial and negative covenants, which will generally allow the Company more flexibility, including to sell certain real estate assets located in Clearwater, Florida. All other material terms of the Prior Credit Agreement remain unchanged in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

The net proceeds from the advance, along with cash on hand, were used to repay approximately $78 million in principal amount outstanding under the Prior Credit Agreement, including to pay accrued interest, fees, costs and expenses in connection with the closing of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement.

As of September 30, 2025, the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement provided senior secured credit facilities in the aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million, consisting of (1) the Term Loan Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million , (2) the Delayed Draw Term Loan Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million and (3) the Revolving Credit Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $50 million (inclusive of a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit equal to the unused amount of the revolving credit facility and a sublimit for swingline loans equal to the lesser of $25 million and the unused amount of the revolving credit facility) (collectively, the “Credit Facilities”).

Term Loan Facility. The principal amount of the term loan facility under the Prior Credit Agreement amortized in quarterly installments, which began with the close of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2019, in an amount equal to $1.9 million per quarter, payable quarterly, decreasing to $875,000 per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2021, and increasing to $2.4 million per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2022, with the remaining balance payable at maturity. The term loan facility under the Prior Credit Agreement was to mature on July 28, 2026 but was refinanced in full in connection with the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2024, there was $70.1 million in aggregate principal outstanding under the term loan facility under the Prior Credit Agreement and as of September 30, 2025, there was $75.0 million in aggregate principal amount under the Term Loan Facility under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. The principal amount of the Term Loan Facility under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement amortizes in quarterly installments beginning with the close of the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2025, in an amount equal to $937,500 per quarter, increasing to approximately $1.4 million commencing with the quarter ending September 30, 2028 with the remaining balance payable at maturity in July 2030.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company made principal payments of approximately $5.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively, and interest payments of $7.1 million and $3.9 million, respectively, on the term loan facility under the Prior Credit Agreement.

Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility allows for borrowings of up to $50 million inclusive of a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit equal to the unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility and a sublimit for swingline loans equal to the lesser of $25 million and the unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility. At December 31, 2024, the Company had $10.0 million in borrowings under the revolving credit facility under the Prior Credit Agreement. At July 22, 2025, the outstanding balance under the revolving credit facility under the Prior Credit Agreement was $10.0 million, which was repaid in connection with the Amendment and Restated Credit Agreement. During 2024, the Company secured letters of credit in aggregate of $24.4 million with a maturity date of March 16, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the letters of credit remained outstanding and there were no draws as of such date. The letters of credit were not drawn upon during the first quarter of 2025 and were cancelled effective on their maturity date of March 16, 2025. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, there wereno outstanding letters of credit issued under the Revolving Credit Facility. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company made interest payments in aggregate of approximately $626,832 on the revolving credit facility under the Prior Credit Agreement and $100,480 relating to unused availability commitment fees. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company made interest payments in aggregate of approximately $406,641 on the Revolving Credit Facility and $281,657 relating to letters of credit and unused availability commitment fees.

At the Company’s option, borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at rates equal to either (1) a rate determined by reference to SOFR, plus an applicable margin or (2) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the “prime rate” of Regions Bank, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) the adjusted term SOFR in effect on such day for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin.

At September 30, 2025, the effective interest rate for the Term Loan Facility was 6.816%. The Company monitors the rates prior to the reset date which allows it to establish if the payment is monthly or quarterly payment based on the most beneficial rate used to calculate the interest payment.

Mortgage Loan

In October 2017, the Company and its subsidiary, Skye Lane Properties LLC, jointly obtained a commercial real estate mortgage loan in the amount of $12.7 million, bearing interest of 4.95% per annum and maturing on October 30, 2027. Pursuant to the terms of the mortgage loan, on October 30, 2022, the interest rate adjusted to an interest rate equal to the annualized interest rate of the United States 5-year Treasury Notes as reported by the Federal Reserve on a weekly average basis plus 3.10%, which resulted in an increase of the rate from 4.95% to 7.42% per annum, paid monthly. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company made principal and interest payments of $564,042 and $913,561 on the mortgage loan, respectively. On July 23, 2025, the Company paid the mortgage loan principal and accrued interest balance in full in the amount of $10.7 million as part of the sale of the Company's commercial real estate.

FHLB Loan Agreements

In December 2018, a subsidiary of the Company received a 3.094% fixed interest rate cash loan of $19.2 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank Atlanta (“FHLB-ATL”). On September 29, 2023, the Company restructured the December 2018 agreement to extend the maturity date to March 28, 2025, with a 5.109% fixed interest rate payable quarterly commencing on December 28, 2023. In connection with the initial loan agreement, the subsidiary became a member of the FHLB-ATL. Membership in the FHLB-ATL required an investment in FHLB-ATL’s common stock which was purchased in December 2018 and valued at $1.4 million. Additionally, the transaction required the acquired FHLB-ATL common stock and certain other investments to be pledged as collateral. In March 2025, the Company repaid the loan and released the investments from pledged collateral. As of September 30, 2025, the Company's membership in FHLB-ATL was reduced to $570,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, the Company made quarterly interest payments under the terms of the loan agreement in aggregate amounts of approximately $239,780 and $498,828, respectively.

As of September 30, 2025 and at December 31, 2024, the Company also held other common stock from FHLB Boston for a value of $177,197, classified as equity securities and reported at fair value on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2018, a subsidiary of the Company became a member of the FHLB Des Moines (“FHLB-DM”). Membership in the FHLB-DM required an investment in FHLB-DM’s common stock which was purchased in December 2018 and valued at $133,200. In January 2024, the insurance subsidiary of the Company received a 4.23% fixed interest rate cash loan of $5.5 million from the FHLB-DM. Additionally, the transaction required the acquired FHLB-DM common stock and certain other investments to be pledged as collateral. As of September 30, 2025, the fair value of the collateralized securities and term certificate deposits was $4.2 million and the equity investment in FHLB common stock was $316,300.

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company made monthly interest payments as per the terms of the loan agreement in aggregate of $59,455, and $53,026, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company made monthly interest payments in aggregate of $176,426 and $170,129, respectively.

The following table summarizes the Company’s long-term debt and credit facilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

As of the date of this report, the Company was in compliance with the applicable terms of all its covenants and other requirements under the Credit Agreement, Convertible Notes, cash borrowings and other loans. The Company’s ability to secure future debt financing depends, in part, on its ability to remain in such compliance. The covenants in the Credit Agreement may limit the Company’s flexibility in connection with future financing transactions and in the allocation of capital in the future, including the Company’s ability to pay dividends and make stock repurchases, and contribute capital to its insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement.

The schedule of principal payments on long-term debt as of September 30, 2025 is as follows:

NOTE 15. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and other liabilities consist of following for as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

NOTE 16. STATUTORY ACCOUNTING AND REGULATIONS

State laws and regulations, as well as national regulatory agency requirements, govern the operations of all insurers such as the Company’s insurance subsidiaries. The various laws and regulations require that insurers maintain minimum amounts of statutory surplus and risk-based capital, restrict insurers’ ability to pay dividends, restrict the allowable investment types and investment mixes, and subject the Company’s insurers to assessments.

The Company’s insurance subsidiaries Heritage P&C, NBIC, and Zephyr must maintain capital and surplus ratios or balances as determined by the regulatory authority of the states in which they are domiciled. Heritage P&C is required to maintain capital and surplus equal to the greater of $15.0 million or 10% of its respective liabilities. Zephyr is required to maintain a deposit of $750,000 in a federally insured financial institution. NBIC is required to maintain capital and surplus of $3.0 million. The combined statutory surplus for Heritage P&C, Zephyr, and NBIC was $352.2 million at September 30, 2025 and $285.5 million at December 31, 2024. State law also requires the Company’s insurance subsidiaries to adhere to prescribed premium-to-capital surplus ratios, and risk-based capital requirements with which the Company's insurance subsidiaries are in compliance. At September 30, 2025, the Company’s insurance subsidiaries met the financial and regulatory requirements of each of the states in which they conduct business.

NOTE 17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is involved in claims-related legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues amounts resulting from claims-related legal actions in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses during the period that it determines an unfavorable outcome becomes probable and it can estimate the amounts. Management makes revisions to its estimates based on its analysis of subsequent information that the Company receives regarding various factors, including: (i) per claim information; (ii) company and industry historical loss experience; (iii) judicial decisions and legal developments in the awarding of damages; and (iv) trends in general economic conditions, including the effects of inflation.

NOTE 18. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

From time to time the Company has been party to various related party transactions involving certain of its officers, directors and significant stockholders, including as set forth below. The Company has entered into each of these arrangements without obligation to continue its effect in the future and the associated expense was immaterial to its results of operations or financial position as of September 30, 2025 and 2024.

In July 2019, the Board of Directors appointed Mark Berset to the Board of Directors of the Company. Mr. Berset is also the Chief Executive Officer of Comegys Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Comegys”), an independent insurance agency that writes policies for the Company. The Company pays commission to Comegys based upon standard industry rates consistent with those provided to the Company’s other insurance agencies. There are no arrangements or understandings between Mr. Berset and any other persons with respect to his appointment as a director. Effective September 23, 2025, Mr. Berset retired from the Board of Directors of the Company to pursue other opportunities. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid agency commission to Comegys of $29,553 and $35,921, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid agency commission to Comegys of $95,699 and $116,009, respectively.

On September 2, 2025, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the repurchase of 21,000 shares of the Company's common stock held by one of its executive officers in lieu of the officers selling the shares on the open market. The shares of common stock were repurchased on September 5, 2025 under the Company's 2025 Share Repurchase Plan at the market price of $24.47 per share.

NOTE 19. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company provides a 401(k) plan for all qualifying employees. The Company provides a matching contribution of 100% on the first 3% of employees’ contribution and 50% on the next 2% of the employees’ contribution to the plan. The maximum match is 4%. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the matching contributions made to the plan on behalf of the participating employees were approximately $391,200 and $378,300, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the matching contributions made to the plan on behalf of the participating employees were $1.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively. In addition to the matching contribution, the Company also made a profit sharing contribution to the 401(k) plan in aggregate of $490,000 during the first quarter of 2025. This amount was included in accrued compensation at December 31, 2024.

The Company offers employees a flex healthcare plan which allows employees the choice of three medical plans with a range of coverage levels and costs. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred medical premium costs including healthcare premiums of $1.5 million and $1.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred medical premium costs including healthcare premiums of $4.8 million and $3.9 million, respectively.

NOTE 20. EQUITY

The total amount of authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had 30,911,435 shares of common stock outstanding,12,337,809 treasury shares of common stock and 1,690,840 shares of unvested restricted common stock outstanding reflecting additional paid-in capital of $366.8 million as of such date.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 30,607,039 shares of common stock outstanding,12,231,674 treasury shares of common stock and 1,334,923 shares of unvested shares of restricted common stock outstanding reflecting additional paid-in capital of $362.6 million as of such date.

Common Stock

Holders of common stock are entitled toone vote for each share held on all matters subject to a vote of stockholders, subject to the rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for election, subject to the rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock will be entitled to receive ratably any dividends that the board of directors may declare out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock. Upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of common stock will be entitled to receive ratably the Company's net assets available after the payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. There is no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of the Company’s capital stock (excluding restricted stock) are fully paid and non-assessable.

Stock Repurchase Program

On March 11, 2024, the Board of Directors established a new share repurchase plan which commenced following the expiration of the prior share repurchase plan on December 31, 2023, for the purpose of repurchasing up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of common stock, through the open market or in such other manner as will comply with the terms of applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations, including without limitation, Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Act at any time or from time to time on or prior to December 31, 2024 (the "2024 Share Repurchase Plan"). There wereno shares repurchased under the 2024 Share Repurchase Plan for the year ended December 31, 2024.

On December 9, 2024, the Board of Directors established a new share repurchase plan which commenced upon the expiration of the 2024 Share Repurchase Plan on December 31, 2024, for the purpose of repurchasing up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of common stock, through the open market or in such other manner as will comply with the terms of applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations, including without limitation, Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Act at any time or from time to time on or prior to December 31, 2025 (the "2025 Share Repurchase Plan"). During the three months ended September 30, 2025 the Company repurchased 85,135 shares of common stock under the 2025 Share Repurchase Plan. The average cost per share repurchased was $20.74. In addition, in September 2025, the Company repurchased 21,000 shares of the Company's common stock held by one of its executive officers at the market price of $24.47 per share. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $7.7 million of capacity remaining under the 2025 Share Repurchase Plan.

Dividends

The declaration and payment of any future dividends will be subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on a variety of factors including the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

The Board of Directors elected not to declare any dividends during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

NOTE 21. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Restricted Stock

The Company adopted the Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc., 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan”), which became effective on June 7, 2023 upon approval by the Company's stockholders. The 2023 Plan authorized 2,125,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan for future grants. Upon effectiveness of the original 2023 Plan, no new awards may be granted under the prior Omnibus Incentive Plan, which will continue to govern the terms of awards previously made under such plan. In June 2025, the 2023 Plan was amended, effective on June 10, 2025 upon approval by the Company's stockholders, to increase the authorized shares by 1,800,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the 2023 Plan for future grants.

At September 30, 2025, there were 2,026,449 shares available for grant under the Plan. The Company recognizes compensation expense under ASC 718 for its stock-based payments based on the fair value of the awards.

On June 10, 2025, the date of the annual meeting of the Company's stockholders, the Company awarded to non-employee directors an aggregate of 15,300 shares of common stock with a fair value at the time of grant of $23.53 per share. The stock was fully vested on the date of issuance.

On April 15, 2025, the Company awarded 9,000 shares of time-based restricted stock, with a fair value at the time of grant of $17.30 per share under the 2023 Plan to certain employees. The time-based restricted stock will fully vest on December 15, 2025.

On March 11, 2025, the Company awarded an aggregate of 99,246 shares of time-based restricted stock and 285,985 shares of performance-based restricted stock, with a fair value at the time of grant of $11.88 per share under the 2023 Plan to certain employees. The time-based restricted stock vests annually in three equal installments commencing on December 15, 2025. The performance based restricted stock has athree-year performance period beginning on January 1, 2025 and ending on December 31, 2027 and will vest following the end of the performance period but no later than March 31, 2028.

On January 10, 2025, the Company awarded 1,000 shares of time-based restricted stock, with a fair value at the time of grant of $10.86 per share under the 2023 Plan to an employee. The time-based restricted stock will fully vest on December 15, 2025.

In January 2025, the Company evaluated the restricted stock performance criteria and determined that based on the Company’s results measured against the performance conditions under the awards, the maximum percentage would most likely be met by each of the recipients at the end of the vesting period for the 2024 awards, which were issued at target. Therefore, additional shares of restricted stock are expected to be earned upon vesting and beginning the first quarter of 2025, the Company began to recognize stock-based compensation on the additional 217,877 shares of performance-based restricted stock, as a result of the expected maximum achievement of the performance conditions under the awards.

In June 2024, the Company awarded to non-employee directors an aggregate of 39,312 shares of restricted stock with a fair value at the time of grant of $8.14 per share. The restricted stock vested on June 10, 2025, the date of the annual meeting of the Company's stockholders.

In March 2024, the Company awarded an aggregate of 8,390 shares of time-based restricted stock, with a fair value at the time of grant of $7.15 per share to certain employees. The time-based restricted stock fully vested on December 15, 2024.

On February 26, 2024, the Company awarded an aggregate of 163,640 shares of time-based restricted stock and an aggregate of 253,918 shares of performance-based restricted stock, with a fair value at the time of grant of $7.02 per share to certain employees. The time-based restricted stock will vest annually inthree equal installments commencing on December 15, 2024. The performance based restricted stock has athree-year performance period beginning on January 1, 2024 and ending on December 31, 2026 and will vest following the end of the performance period but no later than March 31, 2027.

For the shares of performance-based restricted stock that are issued at target, the number of shares that will be earned at the end of the performance period is subject to increase or decrease based on the results of the performance condition. However, for those issued at the maximum, the number of shares that will be earned at the end of the performance period is subject to decrease based on the results of the performance condition under the awards.

The 2023 Plan authorizes the Company to grant stock options at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the dates the options are granted. The Company has not granted any stock options since 2015 and all unexercised stock options have since been forfeited.

Restricted stock activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:

Awards are being amortized to expense over theone - tothree-year vesting period. The Company recognized $1.2 million and $820,000 of compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recognized $4.2 million and $2.2 million of stock compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, a total of 54,612 shares of restricted stock previously granted to non-employee directors were vested and released. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, a total of 77,296 shares of restricted stock previously granted to non-employee directors were vested and released.

At September 30, 2025, there was approximately $1.5 million of unrecognized expense related to time-based non-vested restricted stock and an additional $4.5 million for performance-based restricted stock, net of expected forfeitures which is expected to be recognized over the remaining restriction periods as described in the table below. For the comparable period in 2024, there was an aggregate of $4.4 million of unrecognized expense.

Additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding non-vested time-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock at September 30, 2025 is as follows:

NOTE 22. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company's business is reported asone operating and reportable segment, which is residential property insurance. The Company's residential property insurance business was determined to be one operating and reportable segment based on the Company's approach to making decisions on operating matters, including allocating resources, assessing performance, determining which products to market and sell, determining distribution networks with insurance agents, and monitoring the regulatory environment. The Company conducts its business as a residential property insurer, which is based upon the Company's business organizational and management structure, as well as information used to allocate the Company's resources and assess performance by the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors, who are collectively the chief operating decision maker ("CODM").

As mentioned above, the Company operates as one reportable segment, all significant expenses presented to the CODM are presented on the face of the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. The CODM uses net income to evaluate income generated from segment assets, such as return on assets, in deciding whether to reinvest profits into the business or for other purposes, such as for acquisitions or to pay dividends.

(1) Excludes depreciation and amortization expense

NOTE 23. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued and determined there were no recognized or unrecognized subsequent events that would require an adjustment or additional disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2025, other than events described below.

On November 5, 2025, the Board of Directors established a new share repurchase plan to commence upon the expiration of the previously authorized share repurchase plan on December 31, 2025, for the purpose of repurchasing up to an aggregate of $25.0 million of common stock through the open market or in such other manner as will comply with the terms of applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations, including without limitation, Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Act at any time or from time to time on or prior to December 31, 2026 (the “2026 Share Repurchase Plan”).