Caesars Entertainment Inc
For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Feb 20, 2024.
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FY2023 · Filed Feb 20, 2024
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Caesars Entertainment, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Caesars Entertainment, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 20, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Income Taxes – Valuation Allowance – Refer to Note 17 to the Financial Statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company records income taxes under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use existing deferred tax assets. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company determined it was more likely than not that a portion of the federal and state deferred tax assets will be realized in the future. As a result, the Company reversed the valuation allowance related to these deferred tax assets and recorded a net income tax benefit of $940 million.
We identified that management’s determination that a portion of the deferred tax assets will be realized as a critical audit matter because of the significant management judgements in assessing the available positive and negative evidence that sufficient taxable income will be generated. This required a higher degree of auditor judgement and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our income tax specialists, when performing procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of managements estimates of future taxable income.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to managements determination that in the current year it is more likely than not that sufficient future taxable income will be generated included the following, among others;
We tested the effectiveness of managements controls over:
Judgements and estimates related to the realization of deferred tax assets.
The determination of whether it is more likely than not that sufficient income will be generated in the future to realize the deferred tax assets.
With the assistance of our tax specialists, we performed the following:
Evaluated the reasonableness of methods, assumptions, and judgements used by management to determine whether a reversal of their valuation allowance was appropriate.
Evaluated management’s assessment and weighting of the positive and negative evidence used to conclude if a valuation allowance was necessary.
Evaluated the realizability of deferred tax assets, including the application of tax laws and the projections of future income.
Evaluated whether the estimates of future taxable income were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.
Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets–Refer to Note 7 to the Financial Statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company reviews goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually and between annual test dates in certain circumstances. The Company performs its impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to the carrying amount. The Company determines the established fair value of each reporting unit based on a combination of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”), valuation multiples, and estimated future cash flows discounted at rates commensurate with the capital structure and cost of capital of comparable market participants, considering the prevailing borrowing rates within the casino industry in general, and expected sales proceeds. The Company further evaluates the aggregate fair value of all reporting units and other non-operating assets in comparison to its aggregate debt and equity market capitalization at the test date.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of trademarks, Caesars Rewards, and gaming rights. The Company uses the Excess Earnings Method and Cost Approach to determine the estimated fair value of gaming rights and uses the relief from royalty method to determine the estimated fair value of trademarks and Caesars Rewards.
The Company performed its annual impairment assessment as of October 1, 2023. The Company’s goodwill balance was $10,990 million as of December 31, 2023 of which we identified: (1) $1.3 billion and $105 million was related to two reporting units in the Las Vegas segment and one reporting unit in the Regional segment, respectively, had estimated fair values that did not significantly exceed their carrying values and (2) $1.2 billion related to one Reporting Unit in the Caesars Digital segment which had an increased level of sensitivity with management forecasts and selected discount rate and valuation multiples.
The Company’s indefinite-lived intangibles balance was $3,577 million as of December 31, 2023, of which trademarks totaling $254 million and $523 million in the Las Vegas and Corporate segments, respectively, had estimated fair values that did not significantly exceed their carrying values.
The determination of the Company’s reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets fair value requires management to make significant assumptions and estimates around forecasts and the selection of discount rates and valuation multiples. Therefore, our audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s forecasts required a higher degree of auditor judgment, increased level of audit effort, and use of more experienced audit professionals, as well as the involvement of valuation specialists.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to management’s forecasts and the selection of discount rates and valuation multiples used by management to determine the fair value of the Company’s reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls over valuation inputs including management’s forecasts and the selection of discount rates and valuation multiples.
We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast by comparing management’s historical projections to actual performance.
We evaluated the reasonableness of the assumptions and estimates included in management’s forecasts by:
Comparing forecasts to information included in the Company’s communications to the Board of Directors, projected information in industry reports, and analyst reports for the Company and peer companies.
Conducting inquiries with property management.
Considering the impact of changes in the competitive, regulatory, and economic environment on management’s projections.
Assessing the reasonableness of strategic plans incorporated by management into the projections.
Evaluating management’s estimate and the impact of any related expansion of gaming activities by analyzing historical information.
With the assistance of our valuation specialists, we evaluated the discount rates selected by management by:
Assessing the impact of the uncertainty in the forecasts on the discount rates, including testing the underlying market-based source information used in the selection of the discount rates and the mathematical accuracy of the discount rate calculations.
Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to discount rates selected by management.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Las Vegas, Nevada
February 20, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.
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