Oscar Health Inc

Oscar Health, Inc. is a leading healthcare technology company, whose mission is to make a healthier life accessible and affordable for all. Our full stack technology platform refers to our differentiated cloud-native end-to-end technology solution, which connects our member-facing features, including our mobile application, website, and virtual care solutions with our back-office tools that span all critical healthcare insurance and technology domains, including member and provider data, utilization management, claims management, billing, and benefits. Our member-first philosophy and innovative approach to care has earned the trust of approximately 1.6 million members, as of June 30, 2024. We currently offer individual and family as well as small group plans and we offer services through +Oscar that utilize our full stack technology platform to power others within the healthcare space.

We regularly review our Total Revenue, Medical Loss Ratio (“MLR”), Selling, General and Administrative Expense Ratio (“SG&A Expense Ratio”), and Adjusted Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”, a non-GAAP financial metric) to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends in our business, prepare financial projections, and make strategic decisions. We believe these operational and financial measures are useful in evaluating our performance, in addition to our financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Total Revenue

Total revenue includes Premium revenue, Investment income, and Services and other revenue. We believe Total revenue is an important metric to assess the growth of our business, as well as the earnings potential of our investment portfolio.

Premium revenue includes direct policy premiums collected from our members and from the federal government, risk adjustment transfers, and assumed policy premiums we receive as part of our reinsurance arrangement under our Cigna+Oscar Small Group plan offering, and is net of ceded premium from run-off quota share reinsurance contracts accounted for under reinsurance accounting. Investment income primarily includes investment income, interest earned, and gains (losses) on our investment portfolio. Services and other revenue includes primarily revenue earned from administrative services performed as part of the +Oscar platform, as well as sublease income.

MLR

MLR is a metric used to calculate medical expenses as a percentage of net premiums before ceded quota share reinsurance. Medical expenses are the total expenses incurred by members in order to utilize health care services less any member cost sharing. These services include inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy, and physician costs. Medical claims also include fee-for-service claims, pharmacy benefits, capitation payments to providers, provider disputed claims, risk sharing arrangements with certain of our providers, and various other medical-related costs. The impact of the federal risk adjustment program is included in the denominator of our MLR. We believe MLR is an important metric to demonstrate the ratio of our costs to pay for healthcare of our members to the net premium before ceded reinsurance. MLR in our existing products are subject to various federal and state minimum requirements.

SG&A Expense Ratio

The SG&A Expense Ratio reflects the Company’s Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of Total revenue. Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily include wages, benefits, costs of software and hardware, and administrative costs for our corporate and technology functions, the impact of quota share reinsurance, and stock-based compensation. We believe the SG&A Expense Ratio is useful to evaluate our ability to manage our overall selling, general, and administrative cost base.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as Net income (loss) for the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries before interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), and depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted for stock-based compensation and other items that are considered unusual or not representative of underlying trends of our business, where applicable for the period presented. We present Adjusted EBITDA because we consider it to be an important supplemental measure of our performance and believe it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors, and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in our industry. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. Management believes that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by including this non-GAAP financial measure as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations.

We caution investors that amounts presented in accordance with our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by our competitors, because not all companies and analysts calculate Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.

By providing this non-GAAP financial measure, together with a reconciliation to the most comparable U.S. GAAP measure, Net income (loss), we believe we are enhancing investors’ understanding of our business and our results of operations, as well as assisting investors in evaluating how well we are executing our strategic initiatives. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and should not be considered in isolation, or as an alternative to, or a substitute for Net income (loss) or other financial statement data presented in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as indicators of financial performance. A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA from Net income (loss) is provided under “Results of Operations-Adjusted EBITDA”.