TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES INC

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (SEC) Rule 13a-15(f). Company management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 as required by SEC Rule 13a-15(c). In making this assessment, the Company used the criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Based on the Company’s evaluation under the COSO criteria, Company management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP (PCAOB ID:248), an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders

Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc.

Opinions on the financial statements and internal control over financial reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial positions of Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. (a Virginia corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related consolidated statements of earnings and retained earnings, comprehensive earnings, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes and financial statement schedules included under Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

Basis for opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,

and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical audit matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Valuation of Accrued Liabilities for Trade Promotions

As described further in Note 1 and 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company promotes products through, but not limited to, discounts, rebates, and volume-based incentives. The Company recognizes the estimated costs of these advertising and promotion activities as a component of variable consideration when determining the transaction price. The unsettled portion of the Company’s obligation for advertising and promotion activities is included in accrued liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position. We identified valuation of accrued liabilities for advertising and promotions as a critical audit matter.

The principal considerations for our determination that the valuation of accrued liabilities is a critical audit matter are that auditing management’s calculation of the unsettled portion of the Company’s obligation for advertising and promotions was highly subjective and required significant judgement because of the nature of the required estimates and assumptions. In particular, the estimates require an analysis of the program offered, expectations regarding customer and consumer participation, payment trends, and experiences with similar programs. The estimated costs of these programs are sensitive to changes in trends with regard to customer and consumer participation.

Our audit procedures related to the valuation of accrued liabilities included the following, among others. We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of the controls related to the Company’s calculation of the accrued liabilities for advertising and promotion activities. For example, we tested controls over management’s review of the completeness of the promotional activities as well as the significant assumptions, including future redemption amounts, and data inputs utilized in the calculation.

To test the unsettled portion of the Company’s obligation for advertising and promotion activities, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, (1) the evaluation of the estimation methodology used by management, (2) whether all material advertising and promotion activities were properly included in management’s estimate, (3) the significant assumptions discussed above, and (4) the underlying data used in the analysis. Specially, when evaluating the significant assumptions, we assessed historical and current trends in promotions offered and customer redemption practices. We also performed sensitivity analyses of significant assumptions to evaluate the changes in the estimate that would result from changes in the assumptions.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.

Chicago, Illinois

February 28, 2025

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF

Earnings and Retained Earnings

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF

Comprehensive Earnings

Assets

(in thousands except per share data)

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements* ($ in thousands except per share data)*

TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTE 1—SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

Basis of consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”), which are primarily engaged in the manufacture and sales of candy products. Non-controlling interests relating to majority-owned subsidiaries are reflected in the consolidated financial statements and all significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue recognition:

The Company’s revenues, primarily net product sales, principally result from the sale of goods and reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled based on customer purchase orders. The Company records revenue based on a five-step model in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606. Adjustments for estimated customer cash discounts upon payment, discounts for price adjustments, product returns, allowances, and certain advertising and promotional costs, including consumer coupons, are variable consideration and are recorded as a reduction of product sales revenue in the same period the related product sales are recorded. Such estimates are calculated using historical averages adjusted for any expected change due to current business conditions and experience. The Company identified changes in business conditions that changed Management’s estimated current and future liabilities and resulted in reducing Accrued liabilities. The change increased Net product sales by $5,665 in 2024. A net product sale is recorded when the Company delivers the product to the customer, or in certain instances, the customer picks up the goods at the Company’s distribution centers, and thereby obtains control of such product. Amounts billed and due from our customers are classified as accounts receivables trade on the balance sheet and require payment on a short-term basis. Accounts receivable, less allowances, was $43,811, $55,568, and $58,556 as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Accounts receivables are unsecured. Advertising cost of $3,040, $2,708, and $2,475 in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, are included in selling, marketing, and administrative expenses. Shipping and handling costs of $57,581, $65,465, and $67,342 in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, are included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses. Royalty income (less than 0.1% of our consolidated net sales) is also recognized from sales-based licensing arrangements, pursuant to which revenue is recognized as the third-party licensee sales occur. Rental income (less than 1% of our consolidated net sales) is not considered revenue from contracts from customers.

Leases:

The Company identifies leases by evaluating its contracts to determine if the contract conveys the right to use an identified asset for a stated period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company considers whether it can control the underlying asset and have the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits or outputs from the asset. Leases with terms greater than 12 months are classified as either operating or finance leases at the commencement date. For these leases, we record the present value of the minimum lease payments over the lease term as a lease liability with an offsetting right-of-use asset that is then presented net of any deferred rent or lease incentives. The discount rate used to calculate the present value of the minimum lease payments is our incremental borrowing rate, as the rate implicit in the lease is generally not known or determinable. The lease term includes any noncancelable period for which the Company has the right to use the asset as well as any future periods to which the Company has the right and intent to extend the lease under the terms of the lease agreement. Currently, all capitalized leases are classified as operating leases and the Company records rental expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Cash and cash equivalents:

The Company considers short-term debt securities with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Substantially all cash and cash equivalents are held at a major U.S. money center bank or its foreign branches (Bank of America), or its investment broker affiliate (Merrill Lynch). The cash in the Company’s U.S. banks (primarily Bank of America) is not fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation due to the statutory limit of $250. The Company had approximately $5,312 and $4,244 of cash held and controlled by foreign subsidiaries, principally foreign branches of a U.S. bank (Bank of America), at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company's cash in its foreign bank accounts is also not fully insured.

Investments:

Investments consist of various marketable securities principally corporate bonds, with maturities of generally from three tofive years, and variable rate demand notes with interest rates that are generally reset weekly and the security can be “put” back and sold weekly. The Company classifies debt and equity securities as either available for sale or trading. Available for sale debt securities are not actively traded by the Company and are carried at fair value. The Company follows current fair value measurement guidance and unrealized gains and losses on these securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of applicable taxes, until realized or impaired. Trading securities related to deferred compensation arrangements are carried at fair value with gains or losses included in other income, net. The Company invests in trading securities to economically hedge changes in its deferred compensation liabilities.

The Company regularly reviews its investments to determine whether fair value is less than carrying value and, when necessary, makes qualitative assessments considering impairment indicators to evaluate whether investments are impaired. If impaired, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value. Further information regarding the fair value of the Company’s investments is included in Note 9 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Derivative instruments and hedging activities:

From time to time, the Company enters into commodity futures and foreign currency forward contracts. Commodity futures are intended and are effective as hedges of market price risks associated with the anticipated purchase of certain raw materials (primarily sugar). Foreign currency forward contracts are intended and are effective as hedges of the Company’s exposure to the variability of cash flows, primarily related to the foreign exchange rate changes of products manufactured in Canada and sold in the United States, and periodic equipment purchases from foreign suppliers denominated in a foreign currency. The Company does not engage in trading or other speculative use of derivative instruments. Further information regarding derivative instruments and hedging activities is included in Note 10 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Inventories:

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of substantially all of the Company’s inventories ($69,692 and $85,644 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively) has been determined by the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. The excess of current cost over LIFO cost of inventories approximates $42,481 and $44,954 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The cost of certain foreign inventories ($7,933 and $9,277 at December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively) has been determined by the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Rebates, discounts and other cash consideration received from vendors related to inventory purchases is reflected as a reduction in the cost of the related inventory item, and is, therefore, reflected in cost of sales when the related inventory item is sold.

Property, plant and equipment:

Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes by use of the straight-line method based on useful lives of 20 to 50 years for buildings and 5 to 20 years for machinery and equipment. Depreciation expense was $18,176, $18,243 and $17,668 in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Carrying value of long-lived assets:

The Company reviews long-lived assets to determine if there are events or circumstances indicating that the amount of the asset reflected in the Company’s balance sheet may not be recoverable. When such indicators are present, the Company compares the carrying value of the long-lived asset, or asset group, to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying assets to determine if impairment exists. If applicable, an impairment charge would be recorded to write down the carrying value to its fair value. The determination of fair value involves the use of estimates of future cash flows that involve considerable management judgment and are based upon assumptions about expected future operating performance. The actual cash flows could differ from management’s estimates due to changes in business conditions, operating performance, and economic conditions. No impairment charges of long-lived assets were recorded by the Company during 2024, 2023 or 2022.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets:

In accordance with authoritative guidance, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but rather reviewed and tested for impairment at least annually unless certain interim triggering events or circumstances require more frequent testing. All trademarks have been assessed by management to have indefinite lives because they are expected to generate cash flows indefinitely. Management believes that all assumptions used for the impairment review and testing are consistent with those utilized by market participants performing similar valuations. No impairments of intangibles, including trademarks and goodwill, were recorded in 2024, 2023 or 2022.

Current accounting guidance provides entities an option of performing a qualitative assessment (a "step-zero" test) before performing a quantitative analysis. If the entity determines, on the basis of certain qualitative factors, that it is more-likely-than-not that the intangibles (goodwill and certain trademarks) are not impaired, the entity would not need to proceed to the two step impairment testing process (quantitative analysis) as prescribed in the guidance. During fourth quarter 2024 and 2023, the Company performed a “step zero” test of its goodwill and certain trademarks, and concluded that there was no impairment based on this guidance. For the fair value assessment of certain trademarks where the “step-zero” analysis was not considered appropriate, impairment testing was performed in fourth quarter 2024 and 2023 using discounted cash flows and estimated royalty rates and concluded that the trademarks were not impaired. For these trademarks, holding all other assumption constant, as of December 31, 2024, a 100 basis point increase in the discount rate would reduce the fair value of these trademarks by approximately 12% and a 100 basis point decrease in the royalty rate would increase the fair value of these trademarks by approximately 16%. Individually, a 100 basis point increase in the discount rate or a 100 basis point decrease in the royalty rate would not result in a potential impairment as of December 31, 2024.

Income taxes:

Deferred income taxes are recorded and recognized for future tax effects of temporary differences between financial and income tax reporting. The Company records valuation allowances in situations where the realization of deferred tax assets is not more-likely-than-not. The Company periodically reviews assumptions and estimates of the Company’s probable tax obligations and effects on its liability for uncertain tax positions, using informed judgment which may include the use of third-party consultants, advisors and legal counsel, as well as historical experience.

Further information regarding income tax matters are included in Note 4 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Foreign currency translation:

The U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency where a substantial portion of the subsidiary’s business is indexed to the U.S. dollar or where its manufactured products are principally sold in the U.S. All other foreign subsidiaries use the local currency as their functional currency. Where the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency, foreign currency remeasurements are recorded as a charge or credit to other income, net in the statement of earnings. Where the foreign local currency is used as the functional currency, translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Restricted cash:

Restricted cash comprises certain cash deposits of the Company’s majority-owned Spanish subsidiary with international banks that are pledged as collateral for letters of credit and bank borrowings.

VEBA trust:

The Company maintains a VEBA trust managed and controlled by the Company, to fund the estimated future costs of certain employee health, welfare and other benefits. The Company contributed $20,000 and $5,000 to the VEBA trust in 2023 and 2022, respectively. No contribution was made to the trust in 2024. The Company will continue using the VEBA trust funds to pay the actual cost of such benefits through most or possibly all of 2027. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the VEBA trust held $13,926 and $19,126, respectively, of aggregate cash and cash equivalents. This asset value is included in prepaid expenses and long-term other assets in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. These assets primarily comprise cash and corporate bonds and are categorized as Level 1 and Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.

Bank loans:

Bank loans consist of short term (less than 120 days) borrowings by the Company’s Spanish subsidiary that are held by international banks. The weighted-average interest rate as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 5.7% and 6.9%, respectively.

Comprehensive earnings:

Comprehensive earnings include net earnings, foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains/losses on commodity and/or foreign currency hedging contracts, available for sale securities and certain postretirement benefit obligations.

Earnings per share:

A dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share is not required due to the lack of potentially dilutive securities under the Company’s simple capital structure. Therefore, all earnings per share amounts represent basic earnings per share.

The Class B common stock has essentially the same rights as common stock, except that each share of Class B common stock hasten votes per share (compared toone vote per share of common stock), is not traded on any exchange, is restricted as to transfer and is convertible on a share-for-share basis, at any time and at no cost to the holders, into shares of common stock which are traded on the New York Stock Exchange.

Use of estimates:

The preparation of consolidated financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Estimates are used when accounting for sales discounts, allowances and incentives, product liabilities, assets recorded at fair value, income taxes, depreciation, amortization, employee benefits, contingencies and intangible asset and liability valuations. Actual results may or may not differ from those estimates.

Recent accounting pronouncements:

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): "Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures". The amendments in this update affect reportable segment disclosure requirements and apply whether an entity presents one or more reportable segments in accordance with Topic 280. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim

periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company has adopted this update and revised the disclosures in Note 8 Segment and Geographic Information accordingly.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, "Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures". The amendments in this update affect income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effects of this amendment on its Consolidated Financial Statements and believes the adoption will not significantly impact the presentation of our financial condition, results of operations and disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40). The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specific expense categories present within expense captions presented on the face of the income statement within continuing operations of public business entities. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the potential effects of this amendment on its Consolidated Financial Statements and believes the adoption will not significantly impact the presentation of our financial condition, results of operations and disclosures.

NOTE 2—ACCRUED LIABILITIES:

Accrued liabilities are comprised of the following:

NOTE 3—INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT BOND:

An industrial development bond is due in 2027. The average floating interest rate, which is reset weekly, was 3.5% and 3.5% in 2024 and 2023, respectively. See Note 9 of the Company’s Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for fair value disclosures.

NOTE 4—INCOME TAXES:

The domestic and foreign components of pretax income are as follows:

The provision for income taxes is comprised of the following:

Deferred taxes reflect temporary differences between the tax basis and financial statement carrying value of assets and liabilities. The significant temporary differences that comprised the deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

The valuation allowances as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were primarily related to foreign jurisdictions’ net operating loss carryforwards and state credits that we do not expect to realize.

The amounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiary valuation allowances for net operating loss carryforwards were $4,681 and $5,012 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company has benefits related to state tax credit carryforwards valuation allowances were $1,499 and $1,349 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The effective income tax rate differs from the statutory rate as follows:

In 2024 the Board revoked its authorization that permitted management to take appropriate action to preserve the full income tax deductibility of certain amounts under its nonqualified deferred compensation plans after determining that it was no longer feasible in light of changes to Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. Given this Board action and the resulting expectation that certain additional amounts of deferred compensation will not be tax deductible in future years, the Company concluded that it will be required under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America to write off the related deferred tax assets. The adjustment to the deferred tax assets resulted in a non-cash tax charge of $11,010 in 2024. The remaining balance of $14,886 represents deferred compensation amounts that are expected to be tax deductible in the future.

As a result of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the Company asserts it is permanently reinvested in its foreign subsidiaries earnings outside of United States.

At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $2,114 and $2,313, respectively. Included in this balance is $1,671 and $1,736, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the annual effective income tax rate. 2024 includes a change for temporary items that also results in offsetting adjustment to deferred tax. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, $450 and $463, respectively, of interest and penalties were included in the liability for uncertain tax positions.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Retained Earnings.

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various state and foreign jurisdictions, primarily Canada and Mexico. The Company generally remains subject to examination by U.S. federal, state and foreign tax authorities for the years 2021 through 2023. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to examinations by tax authorities for the years 2020 and prior.

NOTE 5—SHARE CAPITAL AND CAPITAL IN EXCESS OF PAR VALUE:

Average shares outstanding and all per share amounts included in the financial statements and notes thereto have been adjusted retroactively to reflect annual three percent stock dividends.

While the Company does not have a formal or publicly announced Company common stock purchase program, the Company’s board of directors periodically authorizes a dollar amount for such share purchases.

Based upon this policy, shares were purchased and retired as follows:

NOTE 6—OTHER INCOME, NET:

Other income, net is comprised of the following:

NOTE 7—EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS:

Pension plans:

The Company sponsors a defined contribution pension plan covering certain non-union employees with overone year of credited service. The Company’s policy is to fund pension costs accrued based on compensation levels. Total expense for this plan for 2024, 2023 and 2022 approximated $2,954, $2,812 and $2,682, respectively. The Company also maintains certain defined contribution 401K profit sharing and retirement plans. Company contributions in 2024, 2023 and 2022 to these plans were $3,336, $3,568 and $3,265 respectively.

The Company also contributes to a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan for certain of its union employees under a collective bargaining agreement which is as follows:

Plan name: Bakery and Confectionery Union and Industry International Pension Fund (Plan)

Employer Identification Number and plan number: 52-6118572, plan number 001

Funded Status as of the most recent year available:47.0% funded as of January 1, 2023

The Company’s contributions to such plan: $3,360, $3,530 and $3,508 in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively

Plan status: Critical and declining for the plan year beginning January 1, 2024 (most recent date information is available)

Beginning in 2012, the Company has received periodic notices from the Plan, a multi-employer defined benefit pension plan for certain Company union employees, that the Plan’s actuary certified the Plan to be in “critical status”, as defined by the Pension Protection Act (PPA) and the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC); and that a plan of rehabilitation was adopted by the trustees of the Plan in 2012. Beginning in 2015, the Plan was reclassified to “critical and declining status”, as defined by the PPA and PBGC, for the plan year beginning January 1, 2015. A designation of “critical and declining status” implies that the Plan is expected to become insolvent in the next 20 years. In 2016, the Company received new notices that the Plan’s trustees adopted an updated Rehabilitation Plan effective January 1, 2016, and all annual notices through 2024 have continued to classify the Plan in the “critical and declining status” category.

The Company has been advised that its withdrawal liability would have been $97,500, $102,200 and $96,000 if it had withdrawn from the Plan during 2024, 2023 and 2022 respectively. Should the Company actually withdraw from the Plan at a future date, a withdrawal liability, which could be different than the above discussed amounts, could be payable to the Plan.

The amended rehabilitation plan, which continues, requires that employer contributions include 5% compounded annual surcharge increases each year for an unspecified period of time beginning January 2013 (in addition to the 5% interim surcharge initiated in 2012) as well as certain plan benefit reductions. In fourth quarter 2020, the Plan Trustees advised the Company that the surcharges would no longer increase and therefore be “frozen” at the rates and amounts in effect as of December 31, 2020 provided that the local bargaining union and the Company executed a formal consenting agreement by March 31, 2021. During first quarter 2021, the local bargaining union and the Company executed this agreement which resulted in the “freezing” of such surcharges as of December 31, 2020. The Company’s pension expense for this Plan for 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $3,332, $3,516 and $3,510, respectively. The aforementioned expense includes surcharges of $1,174, $1,239 and $1,237 in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, as required under the plan of rehabilitation, as amended.

In June 2024, the PBGC announced that it has approved the Plan’s application for Special Financial Assistance under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. The Plan was granted approximately $3.4 billion in Special Financial Assistance funds andreceived those funds in July 2024. The Company’s actuary believes that it still remains unclear if the Plan can remain solvent through the targeted date of 2051 although as a requirement of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, the Plan must remain in “critical status” through 2051 regardless of solvency. The regulations under the aforementioned PBGC

financial assistance could result in a higher withdrawal liability even with PBGC financial assistance since those regulations require use of settlement interest rates to value all, instead of a portion, of the present value of vested benefits in determining the Company’s withdrawal liability. In addition, for withdrawal liability purposes, PBGC regulations require the Special Financial Assistance to be phased-in over a period of time instead of fully recognized immediately. The most recent withdrawal liability estimate from the Plan, since it is calculated as of the end of 2023 as if the Company were to have withdrawn in 2024, does not include any of the$3.4 billion of assets received. The Company is currently unable to determine the ultimate outcome of the above discussed multi-employer union pension matters and therefore is unable to determine the effects on its consolidated financial statements, but the ultimate outcome could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows in one or more future periods

Deferred compensation:

The Company sponsors three deferred compensation plans for selected executives and other employees: (i) the Excess Benefit Plan, which restores retirement benefits lost due to Internal Revenue Service limitations on contributions to tax-qualified plans, (ii) the Supplemental Plan, which allows eligible employees to defer the receipt of eligible compensation until designated future dates and (iii) the Career Achievement Plan, which provides a deferred annual incentive award to selected executives. Participants in these plans earn a return on amounts due them based on several investment options, which mirror returns on underlying investments (primarily mutual funds). The Company economically hedges its obligations under the plans by investing in the actual underlying investments. These investments are classified as trading securities and are carried at fair value. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, these investments totaled $105,067 and $87,800, respectively. All gains and losses and related investment income from these investments, which are recorded in other income, net, are equally offset by corresponding increases and decreases in the Company’s deferred compensation liabilities. See also Note 4 - Income Taxes, regarding action taken by the Board of Directors in 2024 whereby certain deferred compensation will not be tax deductible in future years.

Postretirement health care benefit plans:

The Company maintains a post-retirement health benefits plan for a group of “grandfathered” corporate employees. The plan, as amended in 2013, generally limited future annual cost increases in health benefits to 3%, restricted this benefit to current employees and retirees with long-term service with the Company, and eliminated all post-retirement benefits for future employees effective April 1, 2014. Post-retirement benefits liabilities (as amended) were $9,296 and $10,317 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax) at December 31, 2024 includes $3,878 of a net actuarial gain.

The changes in the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at December 31, 2024 and 2023 consist of the following:

The actuarial (gain) in 2024 is attributable to an increase in the discount rate. The actuarial loss in 2023 is attributable to a decrease in the discount rate.

Net periodic postretirement benefit cost (income) included the following components:

The Company estimates future benefit payments will be $595, $621, $648, $667 and $690 in each year beginning in 2025 through 2029, respectively, and a total of $3,698 in 2030 through 2034.

NOTE 8—SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:

The Company uses the management approach to determine segments by evaluating the nature of the Company’s operating activities, the relative significance of operating segments to consolidated results, how management organizes the business, and by evaluating what the Company’s chief operating decision maker “(CODM)” regularly reviews in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing operating performance. The Company operates and manages an integrated business involved in the manufacture and sale of confectionery products with the overall objective of increasing the volume of sales and profitability of operations. The Company uses similar processes to sell products to similar classes of customers across the entire business. Certain shipping and handling activities supporting operations are integrated to maximize efficiency and productivity and are regularly reviewed separately by our CODM as a result. Those shipping and handling costs are included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses and disclosed separately in Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies. The Company has determined that it currently hasone reportable segment. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, the Company’s CODM, focuses on consolidated results, specifically consolidated net income (loss), in assessing operating performance and allocating resources.

Its principal manufacturing operations are located in the United States and Canada, and its principal market is the United States. The Company also manufactures confectionary products in Mexico, primarily for sale in Mexico, and exports products to Canada and other countries worldwide.

The following geographic data includes net product sales summarized on the basis of the customer location and long-lived assets based on their physical location:

Sales revenues from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. aggregated approximately 23.2%,22.2%, and 23.0% of net product sales during the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Sales revenues from Dollar Tree, Inc. (which includes Family Dollar which was acquired by Dollar Tree) aggregated approximately 12.6%,14.2%, and 12.4% of net product sales during the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Some of the aforementioned sales to Wal-Mart and Dollar Tree are sold to McLane Company, a large national grocery wholesaler, which services and delivers certain of the Company’s products to Wal-Mart, Dollar Tree and other retailers in the U.S.A. Net product sales revenues from McLane, which includes these Wal-Mart and Dollar Tree sales as well as sales and deliveries to other Company customers, were 20.7% in 2024 and 20.1% in 2023 and 20.4% in 2022. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the

Company’sthree largest customers discussed above accounted for approximately 41.9% and 39.6% of total accounts receivable, respectively.

NOTE 9—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS:

Current accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received in the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Guidance requires disclosure of the extent to which fair value is used to measure financial assets and liabilities, the inputs utilized in calculating valuation measurements, and the effect of the measurement of significant unobservable inputs on earnings, or changes in net assets, as of the measurement date. Guidance establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy based upon the transparency of inputs utilized in the measurement and valuation of financial assets or liabilities as of the measurement date. Level 1 inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and observable inputs such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity rates and yield curves. Level 3 inputs are not observable in the market and include management’s own judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The use of observable and unobservable inputs is reflected in the hierarchy assessment disclosed in the table below.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company held certain financial assets that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These include derivative hedging instruments related to the foreign currency forward contracts and purchase of certain raw materials, investments in trading securities and available for sale securities. The Company’s available for sale securities principally consist of corporate bonds and variable rate demand notes. The Company’s trading securities principally consist of mutual fund.

The fair value of the Company’s industrial development bond at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was valued using Level 2 inputs which approximates the carrying value of $7,500 for both periods. Interest rates on the bond resets weekly based on current market conditions.

The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and indicate the fair value hierarchy and the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value:

Available for sale securities which utilize Level 2 inputs consist primarily of corporate bonds and variable rate demand notes, which are valued based on quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency.

A summary of the aggregate fair value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and amortized cost basis of the Company’s investment portfolio by major security type is as follows:

NOTE 10—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES:

From time to time, the Company uses derivative instruments, including foreign currency forward contracts and commodity futures contracts to manage its exposures to foreign exchange and commodity prices. Commodity futures contracts are intended and effective as hedges of market price risks associated with the anticipated purchase of certain raw materials (primarily sugar). Foreign currency forward contracts are intended and effective as hedges of the Company’s exposure to the variability of cash flows, primarily related to the foreign exchange rate changes of products manufactured in Canada and sold in the United States, and periodic equipment purchases from foreign suppliers denominated in a foreign currency. The Company does not engage in trading or other speculative use of derivative instruments.

The Company recognizes all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Derivative assets are recorded in other receivables and derivative liabilities are recorded in accrued liabilities. The Company uses either hedge accounting or mark-to-market accounting for its derivative instruments. Derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are designated as cash flow hedges by formally documenting the hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments, the hedged items and other critical terms, as well as the Company’s risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, all derivative instruments are accounted for using hedge accounting.

Changes in the fair value of the Company’s cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, and are reclassified to earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the hedged item. Substantially all amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss for commodity derivatives are expected to be reclassified to cost of goods sold. Approximately $1,737, $396 and $33 of this accumulated comprehensive loss is expected to be charged to earnings in 2025, 2026 and 2027. Approximately $597 and $221 in accumulated other comprehensive loss for foreign currency derivatives is expected to be reclassified to other income, net in 2025 and 2026.

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts and their effects on its Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at December 31, 2024 and 2023:

The effects of derivative instruments on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Earnings, Comprehensive Earnings and Retained Earnings for year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

NOTE 11—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS:

The following table sets forth information with respect to accumulated other comprehensive earnings (loss):

The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following:

NOTE 12—GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS:

All of the Company’s intangible indefinite-lived assets are trademarks.

The changes in the carrying amount of trademarks for 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

The fair value of indefinite-lived intangible assets was primarily assessed using the present value of estimated future cash flows and relief-from-royalty method.

The Company hasno accumulated impairment losses of goodwill.

NOTE 13—LEASES:

The Company leases certain buildings, land and equipment that are classified as operating leases. These leases have remaining lease terms of up to approximately 17 years. Operating lease cost totaled $1,435 and $1,328 for twelve months 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cash paid for operating lease liabilities totaled $1,274 and $1,193 for the twelve months 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, operating lease right-of-use assets were$6,043 and$7,145, respectively, and operating lease liabilities were $6,366 and $7,306, respectively. The weighted-average remaining lease term related to these operating leases was 11.0 years and 10.2 years as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The weighted-average discount rate related to the Company’s operating leases was 3.6% and 3.7% as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of operating lease liabilities at December 31, 2024 are as follows: $1,186 in 2025, $774 in 2026, $709 in 2027, $315 in 2028 and $3,382 thereafter.

The Company, as lessor, rents certain commercial real estate to third party lessees. The December 31, 2024 and 2023 cost related to these leased properties was$52,885 and$51,370, respectively, and the accumulated depreciation related to these leased properties was$19,054 and$17,962, respectively. Terms of certain such leases, including renewal options, may be extended for up to approximately fifty-seven years, many of which provide for periodic adjustment of rent payments based on changes in consumer or other price indices. The Company recognizes lease income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease income in the twelve months of 2024 and 2023 was$7,076 and$5,385, respectively, and is classified in cash flows from operating activities.