Epsilon Energy Ltd

Depletion, Depreciation, Amortization and Accretion (“DD&A”)

Natural gas and oil and gathering system assets are depleted and depreciated using the units of production method aggregating properties on a field basis. For leasehold acquisition costs and the cost to acquire proved and unproved properties, the reserve base used to calculate depreciation and depletion is total proved reserves. For natural gas and oil development and gathering system costs, the reserve base used to calculate depletion and depreciation is proved developed reserves.

Depreciation expense includes amounts pertaining to our office furniture and fixtures, leasehold improvements, computer hardware. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from 3 to 7 years. Also included in depreciation expense is an amount pertaining to buildings owned by the Company. Depreciation for the buildings is calculated using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 30 years.

Accretion expense is related to the asset retirement costs.

DD&A expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $1.3 million, or 94%, and $2.3 million, or 49%, respectively, from the same periods in 2023. This increase was a result of the new production in the Permian Basin and a lower reserve base in Pennsylvania used in the calculation, driven by lower SEC realized natural gas prices.