ProMIS Neurosciences Inc

(expressed in US dollars, except share and per share amounts)

Business Description

ProMIS Neurosciences Inc. (the “Company” or “ProMIS”) is applying its patented technology platform to build a portfolio of antibody therapies, therapeutic vaccines, and other antibody-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases and other protein-misfolding diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The Company believes these diseases share a common biologic cause — misfolded versions of proteins, that otherwise perform a normal function, becoming toxic and killing neurons, resulting in disease. ProMIS’ technology platform enables drug discovery through a combination of protein biology, physics and supercomputing. ProMIS believes this platform provides a potential advantage in selectively targeting the toxic misfolded proteins with therapeutics or detecting them with diagnostics.

The Company is developing a pipeline of antibodies aimed at selectively targeting misfolded toxic forms of proteins that drive neurodegenerative diseases without interfering with the essential functions of the same properly folded proteins. The Company's product candidates are PMN310, PMN267, and PMN442. The lead product candidate is PMN310, a monoclonal antibody designed to treat AD by selectively targeting toxic, misfolded oligomers of amyloid-beta. PMN267 is our second lead product candidate targeting ALS. It has been shown in preclinical studies to selectively recognize misfolded, cytoplasmic TDP 43 aggregates without interacting with normal TDP 43. Misfolded TDP 43 is believed to play an important role in the development of ALS. In light of research suggesting that misfolded toxic a-syn is a primary driver of disease in synucleinopathies such as MSA and Parkinson’s disease, our third lead product candidate, PMN442, has shown robust binding to pathogenic a-syn oligomers and seeding fibrils in preclinical studies, with negligible binding to a-syn monomers and physiologic tetramers which are required for normal neuronal function.

The Company was incorporated on January 23, 2004 under the Canada Business Corporations Act (“CBCA”). On July 13, 2023, the Company continued its existence from a corporation incorporated under the CBCA into the Province of Ontario under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (the “OBCA”) (the “Continuance”). The Continuance was approved by the Company’s shareholders at the Company’s 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on June 29, 2023. The Company is located at 1920 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario. The Company’s Common Shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol PMN. The Company has a wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary, ProMIS Neurosciences (US) Inc. (“ProMIS USA”), which was incorporated in January 2016 in the State of Delaware. As of March 31, 2024, ProMIS USA has had no material activity and has no material financial impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

The success of the Company is dependent on obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals of its product candidates, marketing its products, if approved, and achieving profitable operations. The continuation of the research and development activities and the commercialization of its products, if approved, are dependent on the Company’s ability to successfully complete these activities and to obtain additional financing through a combination of financing activities and operations. It is not possible to predict either the outcome of future research and development or commercialization programs, the Company’s ability to fund these programs, or the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

Liquidity Risk

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Company will continue its operations for the foreseeable future and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has not generated revenues from its activities. The Company had a net loss of $3.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and an accumulated deficit of $97.1 million as of March 31, 2024. Management believes these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within the next twelve months from the date these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company will require additional funding to conduct future clinical activities. The Company will seek additional funding through public and private financings, debt financings, collaboration agreements, strategic alliances and licensing agreements. Although the Company has been successful in raising capital in the past, there is no assurance of success in obtaining such additional financing on terms acceptable to us, if at all, and there is no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into collaborations or other arrangements. If the Company is unable to obtain funding, it could force delays, reduce or eliminate research and development programs, product portfolio expansion or commercialization efforts, which could adversely affect future business prospects, and the ability to continue operations.

The Company may continue to incur net losses for at least the next several years as the Company advances its product candidates. The Company is actively pursuing additional financing to further develop certain of the Company’s scientific initiatives, but there is no assurance these initiatives will be successful, timely or sufficient.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023, which are included with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and related amendments filed with the United States Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Furthermore, the Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC. Since the date of those audited consolidated financial statements, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and as amended by Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”).

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the periods presented reflect all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly present the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The December 31, 2023 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all GAAP disclosures. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates and assumptions made in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, the accrual for research and development expenses and the valuation of warrant liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Segment Information

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), or decision-making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company hasone operating segment and its Chief Executive Officer serves as the CODM. Substantially all of the Company’s assets are located in Canada.

Foreign and Functional Currency

Prior to July 1, 2023, the Company’s functional currency was the Canadian dollar (“C$”). Translation gains and losses from the application of the United States dollar (“US$”) as the reporting currency during the period that the Canadian dollar was the functional currency were included as part of cumulative currency translation adjustment, which is reported as a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit) as accumulated other comprehensive loss.

Following the Company’s voluntary delisting from the Toronto Stock Exchange in July 2023, the Company reassessed its functional currency and determined that, as of July 1, 2023, its functional currency had changed from the C$ to the US$. The Company analysis included various factors, including: the Company’s cash flows and expenses denominated primarily in US$, the primary market for the Company’s Common Shares trading in US$ and a majority ownership by U.S. shareholders. The change in functional currency was accounted for prospectively from July 1, 2023 and consolidated financial statements prior to and including the period ended June 30, 2023 were not restated for the change in functional currency.

For periods commencing July 1, 2023, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into US$ using exchange rates in effect at the end of the reporting period. Opening balances related to non-monetary assets and liabilities are based on prior period translated amounts, and non-monetary assets acquired, and non-monetary liabilities incurred after July 1, 2023 are translated at the approximate exchange rate prevailing at the date of the transaction. Revenue and expense transactions are translated at the approximate exchange rate in effect at the time of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses are included in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss within operating expenses.

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an Emerging Growth Company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act, until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date that it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06,Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (“Subtopic 470-20 ”) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity s Own Equity (“Subtopic 815-40 ”): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. ASU 2020-06 will simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred shares. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with

current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (i) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (ii) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as additional paid-in capital. ASU 2020-06 also amends the guidance for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity to reduce form-over-substance-based accounting conclusions. ASU 2020-06 will be effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2024 with no material impact on the Company’s unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

In 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280):Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which requires public entities to disclose significant segment expenses and other segment items. ASU 2023-07 also requires public entities to provide in interim periods all disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually. ASU 2023-07 becomes effective for the annual period starting on January 1, 2024, and for the interim periods starting on January 1, 2025. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-07 will have on its unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

In 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740):Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires public entities to disclose in their rate reconciliation table additional categories of information about federal, state and foreign income taxes and to provide more details about the reconciling items in some categories if items meet a quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 becomes effective for the annual period starting on January 1, 2025. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on its income tax disclosures.

In 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718):Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards (“ASU 2024-01”), which clarifies how an entity determines whether a profits interest or similar award (hereafter a “profits interest award”) is (1) within the scope of ASC 718 or (2) not a share-based payment arrangement and therefore within the scope of other guidance. ASU 2024-01 becomes effective for the annual period starting on January 1, 2025. The Company is in the process of analyzing the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-01 will have on its unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

The following are the major categories of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

No transfers between levels have occurred in either reporting period presented. Refer to Note 7 below for disclosures related to the warrant liability and Note 8 for disclosures related to share-based compensation liability.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

Accounts payable are current obligations due to vendors. In May 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with a vendor which gave the option to defer payment on approximately $5.5 million of current accounts payable and accrued liabilities until March 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the amount outstanding under the agreement recorded in accounts payable was $5.7 million. The Company made a cash payment of approximately $5.9 million to settle the entirety of the amount outstanding under the agreement in March 2024.

The Company has authorized an unlimited number of both Common and Preferred Shares. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had 18,961,116 and 18,885,254 issued andoutstanding Common Shares, respectively, and 1,166,667 issued and outstanding Series 2 Convertible Preferred Shares. The Common Shares and Series 2 Convertible Preferred Shares haveno par value.

Common Shares reserved for future issuance consists of the following:

The preferences, privileges and rights of the Common Shares are as follows:

Voting

Subject to any special voting rights or restrictions, holders of Common Shares entitled to vote shall haveone vote per share.

Dividends

The Company’s Board of Directors may from time to time declare and authorize payment of dividends, if any, as they may deem advisable and need not give notice of such declaration to any shareholder. Subject to the rights of common shareholders, if any, holding shares with specific rights as to dividends, all dividends on Common Shares shall be declared and paid according to the number of such shares held and paid in Canadian dollars.

Liquidation Rights

In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company or any other distribution of the Company’s assets for the purpose of winding up the Company’s affairs, after the payment of dividends declared but unpaid, the holders of Common Shares shall be entitledpari passu to receive any remaining property of the Company.

Series 2 Convertible Preferred Shares

In November 2023, the directors of the Company authorized the issuance of an unlimited number of Series 2 Convertible Preferred Shares (“Series 2 Shares”). In December 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with the Series 1 Shareholders to exchange all 70,000,000 outstanding Series 1 Shares for 1,166,667 Series 2 Shares (an equivalent number of as-converted Common Shares)

The Series 2 Shares have the following preferences, privileges and rights:

Dividends

If the Company declares, pays or sets aside any dividends on shares of any other class or series of capital stock the holders of the Preferred Shares shall receive a dividend on each outstanding share of Preferred Share in an amount equal to that dividend per share of the Preferred Share as would equal the product of the dividend payable as if all shares of such series had been converted into Common Shares.

Liquidation

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of the Series 2 Shares shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to the shareholders an amount per share equal to $6.00, plus any dividends declared but not paid. If, upon any such liquidation event, the assets available for distribution to the shareholders are insufficient to pay the holders of the Series 2 Shares, the holders of the Series 2 Shares shall share ratably in any distribution of the assets available for distribution in proportion to the respective amounts which would otherwise be payable in respect of the shares held by them upon such distribution if all amounts payable on or with respect to such shares were paid in full.* *

Voting

The Preferred Shares do not confer any voting rights or privileges.

Redemption

The Preferred Shares are not subject to mandatory redemption or other redemption provisions for which the events resulting in redemption are not within the Company’s control.

Optional Conversion

Series 2 Shares are convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time and from time to time, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, at a ratio of 1 Series 2 Share into 1 Common Share.

Mandatory Conversion

All outstanding Series 2 Shares shall automatically convert into Common Shares, at the effective conversion rate upon the closing of one singular financing, including a financing with multiple tranches in which any subsequent tranches are closed within 18 months of the initial closing, which financing results in at least single sale, executable in one or more tranches, of equity securities resulting in at least $14.0 million of cumulative gross proceeds to the Company.

Equity Transactions

Following the change in functional currency effective July 1, 2023, the Company reassessed the classification of its historical US$ and C$ denominated warrants in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy for warrants. As a result of the reassessment, the Company determined that 870,026 US$ warrants to purchase Common Shares, originally issued in financing transactions in 2021 and 2022, previously classified as warrant liabilities met the criteria under ASC 815-40 for permanent equity classification. The US$ warrants with a total fair value of $1,287,400, calculated using a Black Scholes calculation as of June 30, 2023, were reclassified from warrant liability to additional-paid-in-capital in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The fair value of the US$ warrants represented the entirety of the Company’s warrant liability as of June 30, 2023. The US$ warrants will not be re-measured prospectively.

As result of the reassessment the Company determined that 687,591 C$ warrants, originally issued in financing transactions between 2018 and 2020, which were previously classified in permanent equity no longer met the criteria for equity classification. The C$ warrants were remeasured as of July 1, 2023. The C$ warrants have exercise prices between C$12.00 and C$18.00 and expire between June 2024 and November 2025. The C$ warrants liability was re-measured at December 31, 2023 to a fair value of $94,185. The C$ warrants liability was re-measured at March 31, 2024 to a fair value of $108,318, with the change in fair value of $14,132 reported in other income in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

The weighted-average values of the significant assumptions used in the Black Scholes valuation of the C$ warrants as of December 31, 2023 included volatility of 131.5%, a risk-free rate of 3.88%, exercise price of C$10.80 and an expected term of 1.7 years. The weighted-average values of the significant assumptions used in the Black Scholes valuation of the C$ warrants as of March 31, 2024 included volatility of 108.9%, a risk-free rate of 4.29%, exercise price of C$12.28 and an expected term of 1.6 years.

A summary of warrant liability activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2024 is as follows:

A summary of warrant liability activity for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows:

At-the-Market Offering (ATM)

In September 2023, the Company filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC. In conjunction with the shelf registration, the Company entered into an ATM agreement in January 2024 to offer up to $25.0 million of the Company’s Common Shares. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold 75,862 Common Shares for net proceeds of $190,274 after deducting sales commissions.

As of March 31, 2024, outstanding Common Share warrants and exercise prices related to unit offerings are as follows:

In January 2024,139,659 warrants with an exercise price of C$28.80 expired without being exercised. There wereno warrant exercises in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

2015 Stock Option Plan

The Company maintains the 2015 Stock Option Plan (“2015 Option Plan”), originally referred to as the 2007 Option Plan. In June 2015, the 2015 Option Plan was amended from a fixed option plan to a rolling share option plan pursuant to which the Company is authorized to grant options of up to 20% of its issued and outstanding Common Shares. Share options granted vest at various rates and have a term not exceedingten years. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had 2,639,626 and 471,843 options available for grant under the 2015 Option Plan, respectively. Share options under the 2015 Option Plan are granted in either US$ or C$. Upon the change in the Company’s functional currency, effective July 1, 2023, C$ share options previously classified as equity were reclassified as liabilities. All grants following the Company’s change in functional currency are in US$.

Canadian Dollar Share Options

The following table summarizes the C$ share options outstanding under the 2015 Option Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2024. All amounts are denominated in C$, except year and share amounts:

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and vested and exercisable is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options, and the fair value of the Company’s Common Shares when the exercise price is below fair value. There wereno C$ options exercised or granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Upon the change in the Company’s functional currency effective July 1, 2023 C$ share options previously classified as equity were reclassified as liabilities. The C$ options were re-measured as of December 31, 2023 and had a fair value of $442,002. The C$ options were re-measured as of March 31, 2024 and had a fair value of $716,969, resulting in an increase to the fair value of the liability and a decrease from additional paid-in-capital of $294,967.

The following table summarizes the weighted average of significant assumptions used to calculate the fair value of C$ share options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s Common Shares over the expected life of the option, as the Company’s options are not readily tradable.

US Dollar Share Options

The following table summarizes the US$ share options outstanding under the 2015 Option Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2024. All amounts are denominated in US$, except year and share amounts:

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company granted US$ share options with a grant date fair value of $182,820. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 there wereno US$ share options exercised.

The fair value of the share options granted was estimated using Black Scholes with the following assumptions:

Share-based Payment Expense

The following table summarizes total share-based compensation included in the Company’s accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss:

As of March 31, 2024, there was $133,005 of unrecognized share-based compensation liability related to C$ options outstanding but unvested, which is expected to be recognized over weighted-average remaining service period of 2.0 years. There was $220,184 of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to US$ options outstanding but unvested, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining service period of 3.1 years.

UBC Collaborative Research Agreement

In April 2016, the Company entered into a collaborative research agreement (“CRA”) with the University of British Columbia (“UBC”) and the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority in the amount of C$787,500, with the Company’s Chief Scientific Officer, as principal investigator at the UBC. In January 2022, the UBC CRA was amended to extend the project for an additional three years, and funding was increased to an aggregate total of C$5,030,000. This amendment, along with the November 2021 amendment extends the project for an additional three years, effective January 1, 2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company made cash payments of $149,160 and $147,828 and incurred costs of $144,380 and $147,828, respectively, which are included in research and development expenses in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Research, Development and License Agreements

The Company enters into research, development and license agreements with various parties in the ordinary course of business where the Company receives research services and rights to proprietary technologies. The agreements require compensation to be paid by the Company, typically, by a combination of the following:

Milestone and royalty related amounts that may come due under various agreements are dependent on, among other factors, preclinical safety and efficacy, clinical trials, regulatory approvals and, ultimately, the successful development and commercial launch of a new drug, the outcomes and timings of which are uncertain. Amounts due per the various agreements for milestone payments will accrue once the occurrence of a milestone is likely. Amounts due as royalty payments will accrue as commercial revenues from the product are earned. Through September 30, 2023, no events have occurred that require accrual of any milestone or royalty related amounts.

UBC and the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority Agreement

In April 2016, the Company entered into athree-year, CRA with the UBC and the Vancouver Coastal Health Authority. The agreement was amended various times through January 2022, extending the agreement through 2025. Refer to Note 9 Related Party Transactions.

UBC Agreement

In February 2009, the Company entered into an agreement with UBC to further the development and commercialization of certain technology developed, in part, by the Company’s Chief Scientific Officer. The agreement was amended and restated in October 2015. Under the amended and restated agreement, the Company is committed to make royalty payments based on revenue earned from the licensed technology. An annual license fee is payable over the term of the agreement. The agreement remains effective unless terminated under the provisions of the agreement. The Company made annual license payments of C$25,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Through March 31, 2024, no accruals for royalty payments have been made.

Indemnification

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into agreements that may include indemnification provisions. Pursuant to such agreements, the Company may indemnify, hold harmless and defend an indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party. Some of the provisions will limit losses to those arising from third party actions. In some cases, the indemnification will continue after the termination of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these provisions is not determinable. The Company has never incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions. The Company has also entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers that may require the Company to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers. The Company currently has directors’ and officers’ insurance.

Basic net earnings per share applicable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net earnings applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common share equivalents. Diluted net earnings per share applicable to common shareholders is calculated by adjusting the weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common share equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury-stock method and the if-converted method. For purposes of the calculation of dilutive net loss per share applicable to common shareholders, stock options, and warrants are considered to be common stock equivalents but are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share applicable to common shareholders, as their effect would be anti-dilutive; therefore, basic and diluted net loss per share applicable to common shareholders were the same for all periods presented.

As of March 31, 2024,594,724 Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase common shares for little to no consideration, issued in connection with the August 2023 private placement, were included in the basic and diluted net loss per share calculation. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders:

The following outstanding potentially dilutive Common Shares equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive:

The Company did not identify any subsequent events through May 14, 2024, the date these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were issued.